Dissenting opinion of Judge ad hoc Kateka

DISSENTING OPINION OF JUDGE AD HOC KATEKA
Disagreement with the Judgment on its key findings — Treatment of evidence
not even-handed — Decision on Respondent’s defences of consent and selfdefence
mistaken — Kisangani events — Serious accusations of violations
of human rights and international humanitarian law need higher standard of
proof — Reliance on United Nations reports concerning alleged exploitation
of DRC’s natural resources — Ruling on violation of provisional measures
unnecessary — Unjustified treatment of Uganda’s counter-claims.

Declaration of Judge ad hoc Verhoeven

DECLARATION OF JUDGE AD HOC VERHOEVEN
[Translation]
“Declaratory” judgment : legality, limits — “Declaratory” judgment : Order
indicating provisional measures, obligation of cessation, assurances and guarantees
of non-repetition — Illegal use of force : consequences.
1. As witnessed by my votes on the various elements of the dispositif
of the Judgment, I essentially concur in the conclusions reached by the
Court. Nevertheless, it is easily understandable in a complex case, where

Declaration of Judge Tomka

351

DECLARATION OF JUDGE TOMKA

[English Original Text]

Duty of vigilance — Toleration by Zaire on its territory of activities of rebel
groups against Uganda in 1994-1997 period — Duty of Uganda to prosecute
those who have committed grave breaches of international humanitarian law —
Self-defence and the prohibition of the use of force: order of their consideration.

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