INTERNATIONAL COURT OF JUSTICE
WRITTEN REPLY OF THE KINGDOM OF TONGA
TO THE QUESTION PUT BY JUDGE AURESCU ON 13 DECEMBER 2024
20 DECEMBER 2024
OBLIGATIONS OF STATES IN RESPECT OF CLIMATE CHANGE (REQUEST FOR ADVISORY OPINION)
2
1. The Kingdom of Tonga (Tonga) thanks Honourable Judges Cleveland, Tladi, Aurescu and Charlesworth for their questions put to States and International Organisations participating in the oral proceedings of the advisory opinion on the Obligations of States in respect of Climate Change on 13 December 2024.1

INTERNATIONAL COURT OF JUSTICE
OBLIGATIONS OF STATES IN RESPECT OF CLIMATE CHANGE
RESPONSES OF THE REPUBLIC OF THE GAMBIA TO THE JUDGES’ QUESTIONS
20 DECEMBER 2024
2
I. Question put by Judge Cleveland

INTERNATIONAL COURT OF JUSTICE
Obligations of States in Respect of Climate Change (Request for Advisory Opinion)
Written Replies of the Kingdom of Thailand to the Questions Put by Judges Aurescu and Charlesworth
20 December 2024
i
CONTENTS
I. Question put by Judge Aurescu .................................................................................... 1
A. Relation between the right to a clean, healthy and sustainable environment and other relevant human rights..................................................................................... 2

INTERNATIONAL COURT OF JUSTICE
OBLIGATIONS OF STATES IN RESPECT OF CLIMATE CHANGE
(REQUEST FOR ADVISORY OPINION)
Response of Sri Lanka to Judges’ Questions
20th December 2024
Sri Lanka respectfully submits hereinbelow its responses to the two questions posed by Judge
Cleveland and Judge Aurescu:
Question put by Judge Cleveland
“During these proceedings, a number of participants have referred to the production of fossil
fuels in the context of climate change, including with respect to subsidies. In your view, what

WRITTEN REPLY OF THE REPUBLIC OF SLOVENIA TO THE QUESTIONS PUT BY MEMBERS OF THE COURT DURING THE ORAL PROCEEDINGS
19 December 2024
INTERNATIONAL COURT OF JUSTICE
OBLIGATIONS OF STATES IN RESPECT OF CLIMATE CHANGE
(REQUEST FOR ADVISORY OPINION)
i
TABLE OF CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION .................................................................................................... 1
I. THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE RIGHT TO A CLEAN, HEALTHY AND SUSTAINABLE ENVIRONMENT AND OTHER RELEVANT HUMAN RIGHTS ................. 3

2
Question put by Judge Cleveland
“During these proceedings, a number of participants have referred to the production
of fossil fuels in the context of climate change, including with respect to subsidies. In your
view, what are the specific obligations under international law of States within whose
jurisdiction fossil fuels are produced to ensure protection of the climate system and other
parts of the environment from anthropogenic emissions of greenhouse gases, if any?”
1. Climate change obligations1 are not activity or greenhouse gas specific.

INTERNATIONAL COURT OF JUSTICE
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Press Release
Unofficial
No. 2025/1
7 January 2025
Application of the Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide in the Gaza Strip (South Africa v. Israel) Ireland files a declaration of intervention in the proceedings under Article 63 of the Statute

INTERNATIONAL COURT OF JUSTICE
Application of the Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the
Crime of Genocide in the Gaza Strip (South Africa v. Israel)
DECLARATION OF INTERVENTION BY IRELAND
pursuant to Article 63 of the
Statute of the International Court of Justice
6 January 2025
To the Registrar, International Court of Justice
1. On behalf of the Government ofireland, I have the honour to submit to the International
Court of Justice (' the Court') the following Declaration of Intervention pursuant to