Order of 13 December 1989

Document Number
079-19891213-ORD-01-00-EN
Document Type
Date of the Document
Document File
Bilingual Document File

INTERNATIONALCOURT OFJUSTICE

REPORTS OF JUDGMENTS,
ADVISORY OPINIONS AND ORDERS

CASE CONCERNING THE
AERIAL INCIDENT OF 3 JULY 1988

(ISLAMIC REPUBLIC OF IRAN iUNITED STATES
OF AMERICA)

ORDEROF 13 DECEMBER 1989

COUR INTERNATIONALE DJUSTICE

RECUEIL DES ARRÊTS,
AVIS CONSULTATIFS ET ORDONNANCES

AFFAIRE DE L'INCIDENT AERIEN

DU 3 JUILLET 1988

(RÉPUBLIQUE ISLAMIQUE D'IRAN c. ÉTATS-UNIS
DAMERIQUE)

ORDONNANCEDU 13 DÉCEMBRE 1989 Officialcita:ion
AerialIncidentof3July1988(IslamicRepublicofIran
v. UnitStateoAmerica),Order13December1989,
I.C.J.Repo1989p. 132.

Mode officiel deci:ation
Incidentaérie3juillet 1988(Répuislamiqueiran
c.EratUnid'Amérique)rdonnaneu 13décembre989,
C.I.J.Recueil1989,p.132.

1 570 1
Nodevente: INTERNATIONAL COURT OF JUSTICE

1989 YEAR 1989
13December
GeneralList
No.79

CASE CONCERNING THE

AERIALINCIDENT OF 3 JULY 1988

{ISLAMIC REPUBLIC OF IRAN v.UNITED STATES
OF AMERICA}

Presen :PresidentRUDA; Judges LACHS E,LIAS, DA,AGO,SCHWEEEL,

Sir Robert JENYIYGSB , EDJAOUN I,I, EVENSEK T,ARASSOV,
GCILLACME S,HAHABCDDEE PA,THAK;Registrar VALENCIA-
OSPINA.

The International Court ofJustice,
Composed as above,

After deliberation,
Makesthefollowing Order:

Having regard to Article 48 of the Statute ofCourt and tu Ar-
ticles1,44,45, # and 79oftheRuIesof Court; and
Whereas on 17May 1989the IslamicRepubIicof Iran filedinthe Regis-
try of the Court an Application instituting proceedings against the
UnitedStatesof America in respectofadisputeconcerningtheinterpreta-

tion and applicatiofthe 1944Convention on International Civil Avia-
tion and the 1971Convention forthe Suppressionof Unlawful Acts
Againstthe Safetyof Civil Aviation,which arfrom the destructiof
an Iranian aircraft, and the kiIlingof its290passengersand crew,on 3July
1988;133 AERIAL INCIDENT OF 3VI18% (ORDER 13XII 89)

Whereasthe United Statesof America was on18May1989notified by
the Registrarof the filingofthe Application and acopyoftheApplication
wastransrnitted to it byhim;
Whereasatthe timeof filingofthe Application the Islamic Republicof
Iran notified the Court of the appointmentas Agentof Mr. Mohammed
K. Eshragh,and by letterdated 9Augnst 1989,receivedinthe Regis~ryon
14August 1989,the United States of Americanotified the Court of the
appointment as Agent.of Mr. Abraham D. Sofaer;

Whereas at a meeting between the President of the Court and the
Agentsof the Parties, convenedby the President,pursuantto Article31of
the RuIesof Court, and held on 1 September1989, the Agent of the
United States of America stated that, as indicated ia Ietter fiIedin the
Registrythe sameday, hisGovernmentintended to filepreliminaryobjec-
tions tojurisdiction and adrnissibiIityprior to the fofangMemoriaIby
the Applicant ;

Whereas at a further meeting between the President ofthe Court and
the Agents of the Parties held on 12September 1989the Agent of the
Islamic Republic of Iran stated that his Government contended that a
preliminary objection should not be fiIed before the MemoriaI, and
requested that appropriate time-bits be fixed for the written proceed-
ings; and whereas the President of the Court then invited the Parties to
state their respectivepositions more fuIIyinwriting witha viewto a deci-
sion by the Court on the procedural question thus raised;

Whereas by a Ietter dated 26 September 1989 the Agent of the
United Statesconfirmed hisGovernment'sintention,and explained what
was in thecontention ofthe United Statesthe legalbasis inthe Statuteand
Rules of Court for the filing of a prelirninaryobjection prior to the filing
ofa MemoriaIby the AppIicant ;
Whereasby a letterdated 11October 1989the Agentof Iran contended
on behalf of his Government that, for reasons explainedinthe letter,the

United States was estopped and time-barred from raising jurisdictiona1
questions; thateven ifthe United StateswerestilIentitletoraiseprelimi-
nary objectionstherewas,forthe reasonsstated inthe Ietter,no legalbasis
for the submission of preliminary objections prior to the fiIingof the
Mernorial in the present case; and whereas the Agent of Iran therefore
requested the Court to fix time-Iimitsforthe written proceedings;

Whereas the time-limit for filing a prelirniriaryobjection is fixed by

Article 79 of the Rules of Court, which provides thatsuch an objection
shalIbemade "withinthe time-limitfixedforthe deliveryof the Counter-
Mernorial"; whereas the Court isnot at thepresent time seiseof a preli-
minary objection by the United States; and whereas accordingiy the
Court is not calledupon, atthe present stageof the proceedings,to pro-134 AERIALINCIDENT OF 3VIT88 (ORDER 13XII 89)

nounceonthe questions of precIrrsionand estoppeIraisedby Iran, whose
viewsin this respectmaybe put forwardIater;

Whereas, in accordance with ArticIe79,paragraph 1,of the Rules of
Courr, whiIea respondent whichwishestosubmitapreIiminaryobjection
is entitled before doingto beinformed asto the nature of the claimby
thesnbmissionofa Memorial bythe Applicant,itmaynevertheIessfileits
objection earlier,

Fixesthe followingtime-lirnitforthe writtenproceedings

12June 1990for theMemorial ofthe IsIamicRepublic of Iran;

10December 1990for the Counter-Mernorial of the United States of
America;
And reservesthe subsequent procedureforfurther decision.

Done in EngIishand in French, the EngIishtextbeing authoritative, at
the PeacePalace,The Hague, this thirteenth day of December, one thou-
sand nine hundred and eighty-nine,in threecopies, one of which wiIIbe
pIaced inthe archivesof the Court and theothers transmittodtheGov-
ernment of the IsIamic RepubIic of Iran andthe Government of the
UnitedStates ofAmerica,respectively.

(Signed) JoséMariaRUDA,

President.
(Signed) Eduardo VALENCIA-OSPIXA,

Registrar.

JudgeODAappends a deciaration tathe Order of the Court.

JudgesSCHWEB anL SHAHABUDDE apEpendseparate opinionsto the
Order ofthe Court.

(Initialied)J.M.R.
(Initialied)E.V.O.

Bilingual Content

INTERNATIONALCOURT OFJUSTICE

REPORTS OF JUDGMENTS,
ADVISORY OPINIONS AND ORDERS

CASE CONCERNING THE
AERIAL INCIDENT OF 3 JULY 1988

(ISLAMIC REPUBLIC OF IRAN iUNITED STATES
OF AMERICA)

ORDEROF 13 DECEMBER 1989

COUR INTERNATIONALE DJUSTICE

RECUEIL DES ARRÊTS,
AVIS CONSULTATIFS ET ORDONNANCES

AFFAIRE DE L'INCIDENT AERIEN

DU 3 JUILLET 1988

(RÉPUBLIQUE ISLAMIQUE D'IRAN c. ÉTATS-UNIS
DAMERIQUE)

ORDONNANCEDU 13 DÉCEMBRE 1989 Officialcita:ion
AerialIncidentof3July1988(IslamicRepublicofIran
v. UnitStateoAmerica),Order13December1989,
I.C.J.Repo1989p. 132.

Mode officiel deci:ation
Incidentaérie3juillet 1988(Répuislamiqueiran
c.EratUnid'Amérique)rdonnaneu 13décembre989,
C.I.J.Recueil1989,p.132.

1 570 1
Nodevente: INTERNATIONAL COURT OF JUSTICE

1989 YEAR 1989
13December
GeneralList
No.79

CASE CONCERNING THE

AERIALINCIDENT OF 3 JULY 1988

{ISLAMIC REPUBLIC OF IRAN v.UNITED STATES
OF AMERICA}

Presen :PresidentRUDA; Judges LACHS E,LIAS, DA,AGO,SCHWEEEL,

Sir Robert JENYIYGSB , EDJAOUN I,I, EVENSEK T,ARASSOV,
GCILLACME S,HAHABCDDEE PA,THAK;Registrar VALENCIA-
OSPINA.

The International Court ofJustice,
Composed as above,

After deliberation,
Makesthefollowing Order:

Having regard to Article 48 of the Statute ofCourt and tu Ar-
ticles1,44,45, # and 79oftheRuIesof Court; and
Whereas on 17May 1989the IslamicRepubIicof Iran filedinthe Regis-
try of the Court an Application instituting proceedings against the
UnitedStatesof America in respectofadisputeconcerningtheinterpreta-

tion and applicatiofthe 1944Convention on International Civil Avia-
tion and the 1971Convention forthe Suppressionof Unlawful Acts
Againstthe Safetyof Civil Aviation,which arfrom the destructiof
an Iranian aircraft, and the kiIlingof its290passengersand crew,on 3July
1988; COUR INTERNATIONALE DE JUSTICE

ANNÉE 1989 1989
13décembre
RôIegénéral
13 décembre1989 no79

AFFAIREDE L'INCIDENT AÉRIEN

DU 3 JUILLET 1988

(RÉPUBLIQUE ISLAMIQUE D'IRAN c.ÉTATS-UNIS
PAMERIQUE)

ORDONNANCE

PrésentsM. RCDA,Président;MM.LACHS E,LIA, DA,AGO,SCHWEBEL,
sir Robert JEYNINGS,M. BEDJAOL I,IEVENSEN T, RASSOV,
GUILLAUM SH,AHABUDDEP EAN, HAKjges; M. VALENCIA-

OSPIYA G,reffier.

LaCour internationale de Justice,

Ainsicomposée,
Aprèsdélibéren chambre duconseiI,

RendI'ordonnancsuivante:

Vu l'article48du Stadela Cour et les arti1,44,45,48et 79de
son Règlementet
Considérantque, le 17mai 1989,la Républiqueislamiqued'Iran a dé-
poséau GreffedelaCour une requêteintroductive d'inscontreles
Etats-Unis d'Amériqueau sujd'undifférend concernant l'interpréta-
tionet l'application de la convention de 1944àl'aviation civile
internationaIe et de laconvention1dpourla répressiond'actes iIIi-
citesdirigéscontrelasécuritéde l'aviationcivile,différendqui découlede
la destruction, le 3juiIIed'un8avion iranien et de la mort de ses
deuxcent quatre-vingt-dixpassaermembres d'équipage;133 AERIAL INCIDENT OF 3VI18% (ORDER 13XII 89)

Whereasthe United Statesof America was on18May1989notified by
the Registrarof the filingofthe Application and acopyoftheApplication
wastransrnitted to it byhim;
Whereasatthe timeof filingofthe Application the Islamic Republicof
Iran notified the Court of the appointmentas Agentof Mr. Mohammed
K. Eshragh,and by letterdated 9Augnst 1989,receivedinthe Regis~ryon
14August 1989,the United States of Americanotified the Court of the
appointment as Agent.of Mr. Abraham D. Sofaer;

Whereas at a meeting between the President of the Court and the
Agentsof the Parties, convenedby the President,pursuantto Article31of
the RuIesof Court, and held on 1 September1989, the Agent of the
United States of America stated that, as indicated ia Ietter fiIedin the
Registrythe sameday, hisGovernmentintended to filepreliminaryobjec-
tions tojurisdiction and adrnissibiIityprior to the fofangMemoriaIby
the Applicant ;

Whereas at a further meeting between the President ofthe Court and
the Agents of the Parties held on 12September 1989the Agent of the
Islamic Republic of Iran stated that his Government contended that a
preliminary objection should not be fiIed before the MemoriaI, and
requested that appropriate time-bits be fixed for the written proceed-
ings; and whereas the President of the Court then invited the Parties to
state their respectivepositions more fuIIyinwriting witha viewto a deci-
sion by the Court on the procedural question thus raised;

Whereas by a Ietter dated 26 September 1989 the Agent of the
United Statesconfirmed hisGovernment'sintention,and explained what
was in thecontention ofthe United Statesthe legalbasis inthe Statuteand
Rules of Court for the filing of a prelirninaryobjection prior to the filing
ofa MemoriaIby the AppIicant ;
Whereasby a letterdated 11October 1989the Agentof Iran contended
on behalf of his Government that, for reasons explainedinthe letter,the

United States was estopped and time-barred from raising jurisdictiona1
questions; thateven ifthe United StateswerestilIentitletoraiseprelimi-
nary objectionstherewas,forthe reasonsstated inthe Ietter,no legalbasis
for the submission of preliminary objections prior to the fiIingof the
Mernorial in the present case; and whereas the Agent of Iran therefore
requested the Court to fix time-Iimitsforthe written proceedings;

Whereas the time-limit for filing a prelirniriaryobjection is fixed by

Article 79 of the Rules of Court, which provides thatsuch an objection
shalIbemade "withinthe time-limitfixedforthe deliveryof the Counter-
Mernorial"; whereas the Court isnot at thepresent time seiseof a preli-
minary objection by the United States; and whereas accordingiy the
Court is not calledupon, atthe present stageof the proceedings,to pro- Considérantque le dépôtde cette requête aété notifiéle18mai 1989
aux Etats-Unis d'Amériquepar leGreffier et qu'ilIeurena transmis une
copie ;
Considérantque,au moment du dépotde larequéte,la Républiqueisla-
mique d'Iran a fait savoàr1aCour qu'eIleavaitdésignéM. Mohammad
K.Eshragh commeagent, etquepar Iettredu 9 aoùt 1989,reçueau Greffe
le 14 aoGt 1989, les Etats-Unis d'Amérique lui ont fait savoir qu'ils
avaientdésigneM.Abraham D. Sofaercomme agent;

Considérantqu'au cours d'une réunion tenuele le' septembre 1989
entre le Présidentde la Cour et les agendes Parties, convoquéspar le
Présidenten application de l'article31du Règlementde la Cour, I'agent
des Etats-Unisd'Amérique a déclaréqueson gouvernementavaitI'inten-
tion, commeindiquédans une Iettredéposéeau Greffe le même jour, de
soulever,avant le dépotd'un mémoirepar Iedemandeur, des exceptions
préliminairesd'incompétence et d'irrecevabilité;

Considérant qu'aucours d'une réunion ultérieureentrele Présidentde
la Cour etlesagentsdes Parties,tenue le 12septembre 1989,I'agentde la
Républiqueidamique d'Iran a déclaré que son gouvernement soutenait
qu'aucune exceptionpréliminairenedevait êtreintroduite avantle dépot
du mémoire etqu'il a demandéque des délaisappropriés fussent fixés
pour Ia procédureécrite;et que le Présidentde la Cour a alors invitéles
Parties àexposer leur position respectivepIus en détailet par écrit, afin
quela Cour puisseseprononcer surlaquestion de procédurequi se posait
en conséquence;
Considérant que, par Iettre d26 septembre 1989, I'agent des Etats-
Unis a confirmél'intention de son gouvernement eta indiquésur quelle

base juridique dans le Statut et le Règlementde la Cour un défendeur
peut, seIon les Etats-Unis, déposerune exception préliminaireavant Ie
dépôtdumémoirepar le demandeur;
Considérantque, par lettre du 11octobre 1989,I'agentde l'han asou-
tenu au nom de son gouvernement que, pourles raisons exposéesdans
cette lettre, des questions decompétenne pouvaient pIusêtresouIevées
par les Etats-Unisdu faide la forcIusioencourue etpar application des
règlesde I'esfoppel;que, mêmesilesEtats-Unisétaientencore en droit de
souleverdesexceptionspréliminaires,laprésentationdetelles exceptions
avantle dtpot du mémoire nereposerait en l'espècesur aucune basejuri-
dique, pour les raisons exposéesdans ladite lettre; et considérantque
I'agentde l'Iran a demandépar suite à laCour de fixer desdélaispour
la procédureécrite;

Considérantque le délaidans IequeIune exception préliminaire doit
êtredéposéeesp trévu à l'article79du Réglernendte laCour, qui dispose
qu'unetelle exceptiondoit 6treprésenté«dans ledélaifixépour ledépbt
du contre-mémoire »; que IaCour n'estpassaisieà l'heureactuelled'une
exception préliminairedes Etats-Unis; et qu'enconséquenceil n'ya pas
lieupour la Caur, au présentstade de laprocédure,deseprononcer surla134 AERIALINCIDENT OF 3VIT88 (ORDER 13XII 89)

nounceonthe questions of precIrrsionand estoppeIraisedby Iran, whose
viewsin this respectmaybe put forwardIater;

Whereas, in accordance with ArticIe79,paragraph 1,of the Rules of
Courr, whiIea respondent whichwishestosubmitapreIiminaryobjection
is entitled before doingto beinformed asto the nature of the claimby
thesnbmissionofa Memorial bythe Applicant,itmaynevertheIessfileits
objection earlier,

Fixesthe followingtime-lirnitforthe writtenproceedings

12June 1990for theMemorial ofthe IsIamicRepublic of Iran;

10December 1990for the Counter-Mernorial of the United States of
America;
And reservesthe subsequent procedureforfurther decision.

Done in EngIishand in French, the EngIishtextbeing authoritative, at
the PeacePalace,The Hague, this thirteenth day of December, one thou-
sand nine hundred and eighty-nine,in threecopies, one of which wiIIbe
pIaced inthe archivesof the Court and theothers transmittodtheGov-
ernment of the IsIamic RepubIic of Iran andthe Government of the
UnitedStates ofAmerica,respectively.

(Signed) JoséMariaRUDA,

President.
(Signed) Eduardo VALENCIA-OSPIXA,

Registrar.

JudgeODAappends a deciaration tathe Order of the Court.

JudgesSCHWEB anL SHAHABUDDE apEpendseparate opinionsto the
Order ofthe Court.

(Initialied)J.M.R.
(Initialied)E.V.O. INCIDENT A~RIENDU 3 VI1 88(ORDONNANCE 13XII 89) 134

forcIusioneI'estoppelsoup larlIran,àqui ilappartiendrapar lasuite
de faire éventuellementvaloson point de vuà cetégard;
Considérant que, conformémentau paragraphe 1 de l'article 79 du
Règlementde la Cour, si un défendeurdésireuxde présenteruneexcep-

tion préliminaireest en droit d'êtrerenseignéauparavant sur la nature
de Iademande, grâce àla présentationpar ldemandeur d'un mémoire,
il peut néanmoinsdéposersonexceptionplus tôt,
LA COUR,

a l'unanimité,

Fixe commesuitIadated'expirationdesdélaispour ledépôtdes pièces
de laprocédureécrite:
Pour le mémoir e e IRépubliqueislamique d'Iran, le 12juin 1990;

Pour le contre-mémoire des Etats-Unis d'Amérique,le 10 décembre
1990;
Réservelasuirede laprocédure.

Faiten anglaiset en français, letexteangfaisantfoi,au palaisde la
Paix,a La Haye, letreize décembremil neuf cent quatre-vingt-neuen
trois exemplaires,dont l'resteradéposé auxarchivesde la Cour et les
autres seront transmis respectivement au Gouvernement de la Répu-
blique islamiqued'Iraetau Gouvernement des Etats-Unis d'Amérique.

LePrésident,

(Signé)JoseMaria RLDA.
Le Greffier,

(Signé)Eduardo VALENCIA-OSPINA.

M. ODA,juge,joint une déclarationàl'ordonnance.

MM.SCHWEBE etLSHAHABUDDE jEge,,joignenta I'ordonnance les
exposésde leur opinion individuelle.

(Paraphé) J.M.R.

(Paraphé)E.V.O.

ICJ document subtitle

Fixing of time-limits: Memorial and Counter-Memorial

Document file FR
Document Long Title

Order of 13 December 1989

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