Volume IV - Annexes 47-109

INTERNATIONAL COURT OF JUSTICE
LAND AND MARITIME DELIMITATION AND SOVEREIGNTY
OVER ISLANDS
(GABON/EQUATORIAL GUINEA)
MEMORIAL OF
THE REPUBLIC OF EQUATORIAL GUINEA
VOLUME IV
5 October 2021

HISTORICAL CORRESPONDENCE & OFFICIAL
DOCUMENTS OF SPAIN, FRANCE AND THIRD STATES
Annex 47 Kingdom of Spain, Ministry of State, Letter of Spanish Citizenship
Given to the Inhabitants of Corisco, Elobey and their Dependencies (18
February 1846)
Annex 48 The Spanish State, Ministry of State, Letter Reaffirming Spanish
Possession of the Island of Corisco (20 July 1958)
Annex 49 Kingdom of Spain, Letter No. 367 from the Governor-General of
Fernando Póo to the Minister of Overseas Possessions (2[1] November
1895) (excerpt)
Annex 50 Letter No. 368 from the Spanish Governor-General of Fernando Póo to
the Commissioner-General of the French Congo (22 November 1895)
Annex 51 Letter No. 203 from the Commissioner-General of the Colonial
Administration of The French Republic to the Governor-General of
Fernando Póo and Dependencies of The Kingdom of Spain (4 February
1896)
Annex 52 Kingdom of Spain, Ministry of Overseas, Visit from the Governor-
General of Elobey (1897) (excerpt)
Annex 53 Kingdom of Spain, Negotiations with France to Sign a Border Treaty
Between the Spanish and French Possessions on the West Coast of
Africa, 1899-1900 No. 2 Report by the Political Section in Regard to the
Foregoing Royal Order (22 November 1899) (excerpt)
Annex 54 The French Republic, Letter from the Ministry of Foreign Affairs to the
Minister of Colonies (13 March 1900)
Annex 55 Letter from the French Minister of Colonies to the Administrator of the
Franco-Spanish Delimitation Commission (19 June 1901)
VOLUME IV
ANNEXES
Annex 55 bis The French Republic, Letter from the French Ministry of Colonies to
Ministry of Foreign Affairs (1 December 1906)
Annex 56 Kingdom of Spain, Letter from the Colonial Section of the Ministry of
State (20 April 1907)
Annex 57 A. Barrera, “What They are and What They Should be: the Spanish
Possessions in the Gulf of Guinea” General Marine Review, Conference
of the Royal Geographic Society (November 1907) (excerpt)
Annex 58 Kingdom of Spain, Letter from the Minister of State Concerning the
Borders of Congo and Spanish Guinea (20 April 1907)
Annex 59 Letter of the Minister of State of the Kingdom of Spain (18 May 1908)
Annex 60 Letter from the Sub-Governor of Elobey to the Governor of Spanish
Territories of the Gulf of Guinea (12 May 1908)
Annex 61 Report from Spanish Official of the Kingdom of Spain to the Minister of
State (18 November 1911) (excerpt)
Annex 62 Kingdom of Spain, Letter from the Minister of State to the Ambassador
of Spain to the German Empire (4 February 1914)
Annex 63 The German Empire, Report No. 4, Imperial German Muni Expedition,
Dr. Olshausen (16 June 1914)
Annex 64 United Kingdom, Cameroon, Final Report: Enclosures Sept 1914 to
May 1916 (3 October 1915)
Annex 65 Letter from the Governor-General of Spanish Territories of Africa to the
Governor of French Gabon (22 November 1917)
Annex 66 Letter No. []3 from the Governor-General of French Equatorial Africa
to the Governor-General of the Spanish Territories of the Gulf of Guinea
(24 January 1919)
Annex 67 Letter from Spanish Governor General of Spanish Guinea to His
Excellency the French Governor General of French Equatorial Africa
(1 May 1919)
Annex 68 Letter from French Minister of Colonies to Minister of Foreign Affairs
(24 November 1919)
Annex 69 Letter from Spanish Governor General Regarding the Establishment of
the French-German Demarcation (27 January 1920)
Annex 70 Kingdom of Spain, Letter No. 527 from the Spanish Governor-General
(8 December 1920)
Annex 71 Letter from French Commissioner Governor of Colonies to the
Cameroon Territories to the French Minister of Colonies (27 July 1921)
Annex 72 Letter from Spanish Minister of State to the French Ambassador (24
November 1921)
Annex 73 Kingdom of Spain, Letter No. 884 Attachment from the Governor-
General of Santa Isabel to the Office of the Secretary (20 June 1922)
Annex 74 Kingdom of Spain, Letter from the Captain of the Ebolouwa District to
the Governor-General of Spanish Territories of the Gulf of Guinea (23
September 1922)
Annex 75 Kingdom of Spain, Letter from the Governor-General of Spanish
Territories of the Gulf of Guinea to the Advising Secretary-General (24
September 1922)
Annex 76 Letter No. 212 from the French Lieutenant Governor of Gabon to the
Governor-General of Spanish Territories in the Gulf of Guinea (16
August 1927)
Annex 77 Republic of Spain, Letter from the AT of Ebebeyin to the Governor-
General of Spanish Territories of the Gulf of Guinea (27 November
1938)
Annex 78 The Spanish State, Letter from the Lead Engineer to the Governor-
General of Spanish Territories of the Gulf of Guinea (9 June 1939)
Annex 79 Letter No. 223 from the Embassy of the Republic of France to the Spanish
State to the Spanish Ministry of Foreign Affairs (7 May 1953)
Annex 80 The United Kingdom, Ministry of War Transport, Report on Libreville
and Port Gentil (22 June 1943)
Annex 81 The Spanish State, Letter No. 87 from the Ministry of Foreign Affairs to
the Department of Morocco and Colonies (24 February 1954)
Annex 82 The Spanish State, Telegram No. 1001-2 from the Ministry of the Navy to
the General Directorate of Morocco and Colonies (4 September 1954)
Annex 83 The Spanish State, Letter No. 20-R from the Governor General of Santa
Isabel to the General Directorate of Morocco and Colonies (17 February
1955)
Annex 84 The Spanish State, Telegram No. 3 from the Governor of Spanish
Territories of the Gulf of Guinea to the General Directorate of Morocco
and Colonies (19 February 1955)
Annex 85 The Spanish State, Letter from the Governor of Spanish Territories of the
Gulf of Guinea to the General Directorate of Morocco and Colonies (22
February 1955)
Annex 86 The Spanish State, Telegram No. 8 from the Department of Morocco and
Colonies to the Ministry of Foreign Affairs (26 February 1955)
Annex 87 The Spanish State, Telegram No. 6 from the Governor of Spanish
Territories of the Gulf of Guinea to the General Directorate of Morocco
and Colonies (28 February 1955)
Annex 88 The Spanish State, Telegram No. [ ]11 from the General Directorate of
Morocco and Colonies to the Governor of Spanish Territories of the
Gulf of Guinea (8 March 1955)
Annex 89 The Spanish State, Letter from the Governor-General of the Spanish
Territories of the Gulf of Guinea to the General Directorate of Morocco
and Colonies (17 March 1955)
Annex 90 The Spanish State, Memo No. 436 to the Department of Morocco and
Colonies (10 March 1955)
Annex 91 The Spanish State, Telegram No. 7 from the Governor of Spanish
Territories of the Gulf of Guinea to the Director-General of Morocco
and Colonies (12 March 1955)
Annex 92 Letter from the High Commissioner for French Equatorial Africa to the
Governor-General of the Spanish Territories of the Gulf of Guinea (14
March 1955)
Annex 93 Letter from the Governor-General of the Spanish Territories of the Gulf
of Guinea to the High Commissioner for French Equatorial Africa (22
March 1955)
Annex 94 The French Republic, Letter from the Minister of Foreign Affairs to the
Minister of Overseas France (6 May 1955)
Annex 95 The Spanish State, File D 474 Secret Document from the General
Directorate of Morocco and African Provinces to the Governor General
of Santa Isabel (7 June 1958)
Annex 96 The United Kingdom, Letter No. 10132/14 from the Ministry of Foreign
Affairs to the British Embassy to The Spanish State (4 August 1959)
Annex 97 Note Verbale from Embassy of Gabon in Spain to Ministry of Foreign
Affairs of Spain (10 December 1963)
Annex 98 The Spanish State, Letter No. 109 from the Embassy of the Kingdom
of Spain to the Republic of Gabon to the Spanish Ministry of Foreign
Affairs (30 May 1964)
Annex 99 The Spanish State, Letter No. 223 from the Ambassador of Spain in Rio
Muni to the Spanish Ministry of Foreign Affairs (6 May 1965)
Annex 100 The Spanish State, Letter No. 383 from the Presidency of the Government
to the Spanish Ministry of Foreign Affairs (20 October 1965) (agreeing
to Gabon’s list of border crossings)
Annex 101 The Spanish State, Letter No. 303 from the Embassy of the Kingdom
of Spain to the Republic of Gabon to the Spanish Ministry of Foreign
Affairs (13 June 1966)
Annex 102 Aide-Memoire on “Royal Dutch/Shell Group Exploration Venture in
Gabon” for the Ambassador of the United Kingdom to the Republic of
the Congo (16 April 1965)
Annex 103 The Spanish State, Ministry of Industry, Confidential Report:
Delimitation of Gabon’s Territorial Waters (12 July 1966)
Annex 104 The Spanish State, Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Gabon’s Extension of
Mondah Bay Territorial Waters (26 July 1966)
Annex 105 The Spanish State, Letter No. 454 from the Ministry of the Navy to the
Undersecretary of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs (23 July 1966)
Annex 106 Airgram No. A-93 from the Embassy of the United States of America
to The Gabonese Republic to the US Department of State (26 February
1967)
Annex 107 Airgram No. A-137 from the Embassy of the United States of America
to The Gabonese Republic to the US Department of State (28 May 1967)
Annex 108 The Spanish State, Letter No. 159 from the Hydrographic Division,
Maritime Department of Cadiz to the Technical Secretary-General of
the General Commissariat of Equatorial Guinea (17 October 1967)
Annex 109 Kingdom of Spain, Letter No. 408R from the Commissioner-General of
Equatorial Guinea, Santa Isabel to the Commissioner-General, Bata (11
May 1968)
Annex 47
Kingdom of Spain, Ministry of State, Letter of Spanish Citizenship Given to the Inhabitants of
Corisco, Elobey and their Dependencies (18 February 1846)

TRANSLATION
MINISTRY OF STATE.
Copy D
SECTION: Political
[By hand] Charter
of
Spanish Citizenship
Given to the inhabitants of Corisco, Elobey and
dependencies by the Consul Mr. Adolfo
Guillemar de Aragón, February 18th
1846
I, Mr. Adolfo Guillemar de Aragón, Knight of the Royal and Distinguished Order of
Carlos III, Council of Her Majesty the Queen of Spain and her Secretary, Special
Consul of Spain for the Western Coast of Africa, Judge and Arbitrator on the Mixed
Tribunal constituted in Sierra Leone, Inspector General of the Spanish possessions in
the Gulf of Guinea.
Whereas in 1843 the deceased King of Corisco Island asked Mr. Juan José de
Lerena, Royal Commissioner sent by Her Majesty
SPA 2905_T
WATER STREET TRANSLATIONS
Annex 47
11
TRANSLATION
to the Coast of Africa, for a Charter of Spanish Citizenship for himself and his
people, which was granted to him and has been presented to me;
In virtue of a solemn act that took place today, February 18, in the village of Boncoro, in
which the current King, on behalf of his people ceded, in absolute, that island to Her
Majesty and to her descendants—as affirmed by the current King on behalf of his
people, as affirmed in the formalized document in his and my possession and the oath
of obedience and loyalty to Her Majesty the Queen of Spain, with the agreement of all
the inhabitants of Corisco—which he and his gathered chiefs have presented to me.
Therefore, its inhabitants are Spaniards, not only by the special grace granted in 1843
by Mr. Juan José de Lerena, but also because the Island itself and its dependencies,
among which is the island of Elobey, are Spanish, as evidenced in the aforementioned
formalized document. I come in the name of Her Majesty to renew that Charter given to
the deceased King
SPA 2906_T
WATER STREET TRANSLATIONS
Annex 47
12
TRANSLATION
and to grant to the current one and to his people the prerogative title and rights of
Spanish citizens under the same terms as those enjoyed by the inhabitants of Spanish
colonies and by virtue of Articles 1 and 2 of the Constitution that governs in the
Monarchy. Children who have been or will be born in Corisco or its dependencies, of a
father or mother born on the aforementioned islands, shall be recognized as Spaniards.
In their dealings with them from this point forward, foreign nations should bear in mind
that the inhabitants of Corisco and dependencies enjoy the same protection as Spanish
residents of the motherland; and on the basis of today’s act, those inhabitants should be
respected as Spaniards now that the same territory is part of the Nation; Foreign nations
should consider them, for all titles, as Spanish citizens; treat them as men who are
under the protection of the Motherland and the laws of men; and consider,
SPA 2907_T
WATER STREET TRANSLATIONS
Annex 47
13
TRANSLATION
above all, that violation of Corisco Island’s territory or any attempt against its
inhabitants, no matter the pretext, must be considered as a most grave insult against
the Spanish nation.
While it is true that, at this very moment, neither the island nor its inhabitants are yet
governed by the authorities sent by the national Government to which they now
belong, they do not lose the prestige and high consideration they merit, given that the
Spanish flag flies, with authorization, in the chiefs’ dwellings and that one and all under
its shadow must always remain free from any injury, no matter how slight.
Given in the Bay of [illegible] of the Island of Corisco on board the Spanish
Corvette warship “Venus” on February 18 of 1846. - Adolfo Guillemar de Aragón -
Copy - Signed - Recorded -
True and faithful copy
SPA 2908_T
WATER STREET TRANSLATIONS
Annex 47
14
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CERTIFICATION OF ACCURACY OF TRANSLATION
This hereby confirms that the foregoing translation was prepared by Jim McMillan,
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into English as certified by the American Translators Association.
Kent G. Heine, Managing Partner of Water Street Translations, LLC, hereby attests to the
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accurate, and unbiased translation into English of the Spanish text attached
herewith."
Kent G. Heine
Water Street Translations, LLC
09/13/21
Date
Annex 47
15
■-

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Annex 48
The Spanish State, Ministry of State, Letter Reaffirming Spanish Possession of the Island of
Corisco (20 July 1958)

Annex 48
23
TRANSLATION
MINISTRY OF STATE.
Copy E
SECTION: Political
[By hand]
Admiralty - Armaments Directorate - Gulf of Guinea Naval Division - No. 1 - Mr. Carlos
Chacon y Michelena, Knight of the Royal and Military Order of San Hermengildo,
Captain of the National Armada Frigate, Governor General of the Islands of Fernando
Pó, Annobon, Corisco and dependencies and Head of the Gulf of Guinea Naval Division
-
Spaniards have been established on the island of Corisco and its dependencies for
many years without any nation disputing their possession and rights. They left due to
burning and looting by an English warship without the authorization of its government in
1841; Her Majesty the Queen Isabella II has commissioned me with the fullest extent of
her powers to take the most appropriate action regarding this possession. The entire
population having shown their loyalty to
SPA 2909_T
WATER STREET TRANSLATIONS
Annex 48
24
TRANSLATION
Spain, proclaiming Queen Isabella as their ruler, and requesting flags to raise at
different points on the island, their wishes were granted.
I declare to Commanders of any nation’s warships that may come to this island of
Corisco or its dependencies that; for the circumstances described and in the name of
Queen Isabella II; I declare them Spanish Islands, an integral part of the Monarchy.
The display of any other nation’s flag on them is prohibited. All their inhabitants and
any foreigners who trade on them are subject and bound by the current laws
governing the Spanish colonies and those that the Parliament of the Kingdom may
enact in the future.
Given on board the steamship “Vasco Nuñez de Balboa” on July 21 of 1858 in the
Bay of Corisco.- Carlos Chacon.- I certify that the foregoing document has been
drafted in the same terms and is a copy of the Letter of Spanish Citizenship for the
Island of Corisco issued on the [illegible]
SPA 2910_T
WATER STREET TRANSLATIONS
Annex 48
25
TRANSLATION
of March of 1842 by Mr. Juan José de Lerena, which was signed on this date by the referenced
Mr. Carlos Chacon and whose signature is verified as his own. - On board the same [ship], dated
as ut supra.- Juan Dubvalle - Copy - Signed - Recorded.-True and faithful copy.
SPA 2911_T
WATER STREET TRANSLATIONS
Annex 48
26
WATER STREET TRANSLATIONS, LLC
10 East 39th Street, 12th Floor
New York, NY 10016 (212) 776-1713
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CERTIFICATION OF ACCURACY OF TRANSLATION
This hereby confirms that the foregoing translation was prepared by Jim McMillan,
a linguist with substantial experience in the translation of documents from Spanish
into English as certified by the American Translators Association.
Kent G. Heine, Managing Partner of Water Street Translations, LLC, hereby attests to the
following:
“To the best of my knowledge and belief, the foregoing translation is a true,
accurate, and unbiased translation into English of the Spanish text attached
herewith."
Kent G. Heine
Water Street Translations, LLC
09/08/21
Date
■-
Annex 48
27
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Annex 48
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Annex 48
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Annex 49
Kingdom of Spain, Letter No. 367 from the Governor-General of Fernando Póo to the Minister
of Overseas Possessions (2[1] November 1895) (excerpt)

TRANSLATION
GENERAL GOVERNMENT
- OF -
FERNANDO PÓO
AND ITS DEPENDENCIES
[Illegible seal]
V-14-96
No. 5
[To] Your Excellency, Minister of the Overseas Possessions
Your Excellency,
No. 367
Reporting on my visit to Corisco Bay and to the Muni, Campo, and Benito Rivers.
In accordance with the notice sent to Your Excellency on the fifth day of the current
month, on the sixth day of this month I travelled to Corisco Bay in order to visit
Corisco Island and the two Elobey Islands, as well as to survey the Muni River and
its tributaries, mainly regarding the difficulties
SPA 2071_T
WATER STREET TRANSLATIONS
Annex 49
33
TRANSLATION
arising with the Pamue Chief of Punta Mosquitos, and the claims made by France in
relation to the Islet that is a dependency of Corisco called Embagna [(Mbañe)].
On the day of my arrival to the mouth of Muni River, the issue with the Pamues was
solved after the Chief of Punta Mosquitos handed over the [illegible] that they had
taken, without making any demands. Hopefully, these events will not repeat with the
same frequency, not so much because of the guarantees given by the Pamues, but
because of the presence of a gunboat in those waters.
Regarding France’s plan to occupy Embagna, I have not received any news
confirming this, apart from the statements made by Corisco fishermen. This
circumstance, together with the claims related to the situation in Muni River, about
French agents of Gabon impeding trade
SPA 2072_T
WATER STREET TRANSLATIONS
Annex 49
34
TRANSLATION
has forced me to send to the Commissioner General of the French Congo a
communication which I am sending Your Excellency in letter number 368, refraining
from making a complaint since I consider that a complaint would be premature in this
case and detrimental since the facts are not clearly and accurately confirmed.
As soon as I receive a response from the Commissioner General of the French
Congo, I will communicate it to Your Excellency.
In my opinion, it is our right to prevent France’s occupation of Embagna, based on
our possession of it since time immemorial as well as based on the fact that such an
occupation would constitute a clear violation of the status quo in the event that
Embagna could be considered included in the disputed territory, which cannot be
permitted.
The French intervention
SPA 2073_T
WATER STREET TRANSLATIONS
Annex 49
35
TRANSLATION
exercised by French agents in NDombo, to the detriment of trade in Muni River, and
especially affecting the merchants’ associations that pay us a certain annual amount
for [illegible] protection, would constitute, in the event that the complaints that I have
received were true, a violation to the status quo for the sole reason that the claim was
made after the date of the agreement.
Having explained to Your Excellency the status of the issues leading to my trip to
Corisco Bay, I will now expose the impressions that I have received during my visit
about the political situation and the situation of Spain in Muni River and the disputed
territory.
From Santa Clara Cape to Campo River, we can find the coast, and territories
between its parallels, over which
SPA 2074_T
WATER STREET TRANSLATIONS
Annex 49
36
TRANSLATION
to Gabon, it would be difficult to successfully interpret the wishes of the Government
in line with the factual situation.
I believe, Your Excellency, that I have faithfully translated in this long document our
current situation in the disputed territories, and at the same time I have exposed the
measures that I consider necessary for the preservation of our influence in Africa.
Undoubtedly, my lack
SPA 2088_T
WATER STREET TRANSLATIONS
Annex 49
37
TRANSLATION
of experience in entries, which are absolutely new for me, will lead Your Excellency to
find major deficiencies in this work, however it was elaborated with the exclusive
purpose of bringing Your Excellency the news that I consider useful and that may
serve as a basis for His Majesty’s Government to make any decisions as may be
considered appropriate.
May God
SPA 2089_T
WATER STREET TRANSLATIONS
Annex 49
38
TRANSLATION
bless Your Excellency with many years. Santa Isabel, November 21, 1895.
Your Excellency,
[Signature]
SPA 2090_T
WATER STREET TRANSLATIONS
Annex 49
39
WATER STREET TRANSLATIONS, LLC
(212) 776-1713
10 East 39th Street, 12th Floor
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with substantial experience in the translation of documents from Spanish into English as
certified by the Certified Translators Association of Buenos Aires, Argentina (CTPBA).
Kent G. Heine, Managing Partner of Water Street Translations, LLC, hereby attests to the
following:
“To the best of my knowledge and belief, the foregoing translation is a true,
accurate, and unbiased translation into English of the Spanish text attached
herewith."
Kent G. Heine
Water Street Translations, LLC
09/14/21
_
Date
Annex 49
40
■-
Annex 49
41
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Annex 49
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Annex 49
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Annex 49
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Annex 49
46
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Annex 49
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Annex 50
Letter No. 368 from the Spanish Governor-General of Fernando Póo to the Commissioner-
General of the French Congo (22 November 1895)

TRANSLATION
WATER STREET TRANSLATIONS
[Illegible handwriting in top margin]
General Government of Fernando Póo and its Dependencies
[Illegible stamp]
No. 368
30001
[Annotation in left margin:] Reporting that [illegible] Corisco Bay and the Muni, Campo and
Benito Rivers, he received several complaints from Corisco fishermen; and forwarding the
letter addressed to the Commissioner of the French Congo.
Your Excellency,
During my tour of Elobey, Corisco and the other locations I visited, I was met with complaints
from several inhabitants of that territory in connection with the conduct of French authorities.
Hence, on November 15, I posted the following letter to the Commissioner of the French
Congo:
“His Excellency, the General Commissioner of the French Congo. = Your Excellency, Upon
my arrival in Corisco Bay, I have received a number of complaints from merchants who
transport their goods along the shore and mouth of the Muni river, and throughout the
territory extending from Cape Santa Clara to the Campo River, whose sovereignty, as has
been agreed, is the subject of a dispute between our nations. = Specifically, Mr. General
Commissioner, such complaints indicate that agents of the French government have been
blocking the passage of indigenous vessels traveling along the coast towards the Muni
River, a practice that has also been used by Agents of the post at [illegible] with those
traveling by land, in some cases going as far as to detain said goods and even take the
same and their owners to Gabon. I would have no objections to such conduct if the goods
that have been detained and even seized were among those included and set forth in the
Brussels Conference and, as such, were the subject of illegal transportation, which the
Agents of said government and mine are under a duty to prevent, in accordance with the
commitments they have undertaken; however, if they are actually legitimate commercial
goods, then allow me to say, Your Excellency, that I find it strange that French agents are
engaging in a conduct that amounts to an absolute assertion of sovereignty over a territory
to which, as long as this matter remains unresolved, France and Spain hold an equal claim.
And this recent exercise of a pretended authority to block traffic appears even stranger in
light of the fact that it has taken place following the status quo — that is, since last year.
Furthermore, the fishermen from Corisco have brought to my attention that, upon
traveling to the [illegible] islet, located 6 miles southeast of Corisco Island, to conduct their
fishing activity, they were ordered to leave by a French agent because France intends to
establish a new post at that location.
Since Corisco belongs to Spain, [illegible] is a dependency attached thereto. And
while it cannot be conclusively established that the inhabitants of Corisco have a permanent
residence in that area, there is no question that the use they have been making of it since
time immemorial amounts to a right of possession. And this is a right that Spain cannot
Annex 50
51
TRANSLATION
WATER STREET TRANSLATIONS
relinquish, let alone acquiesce to its being supplanted by a French agent’s occupation, which
would constitute a violation of the status quo.
Such are, Your Excellency, the complaints I have received from those who find their
interests have been negatively affected by the French agents’ conduct. However, in case
that such reports have been misinterpreted by individuals who might benefit from distorting
the facts, I beg Your Excellency to advise me of the instructions that the Agents of said
government have with regard to the obstruction of traffic in the aforesaid territory, and the
purported occupation of [illegible], as I am confident that, unless there is a clear contradiction
or that Your Excellency has, in my view, misjudged the question of who has a better claim,
no words can be more valuable and worthy of respect to me in regard to this matter than
those truthfully uttered by the General Commissioner of the French Congo. For this reason,
I look forward to receiving any reports that Your Excellency may be willing to provide me
with before I report to my Government on this matter.
Please accept, Your Excellency, the assurances of my highest consideration”.=
It is with great honor that I present the above letter to Your Excellency’s superior
consideration.
God bless Your Excellency.
St. Elizabeth, November 22, 1895
His Excellency
[Illegible signature]
His Excellency, the Minister of Overseas Territories
Annex 50
52
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Kent G. Heine, Managing Partner of Water Street Translations, LLC, hereby attests to the
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“To the best of my knowledge and belief, the foregoing translation is a true,
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herewith."
Kent G. Heine
Water Street Translations, LLC
08/20/21
_
Date
Annex 50
53
■-

Annex 50
55
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Annex 51
Letter No. 203 from the Commissioner-General of the Colonial Administration of The French
Republic to the Governor-General of Fernando Póo and Dependencies of The Kingdom of Spain
(4 February 1896)

TRANSLATION
-- Copy -- Libreville, February 4, 1896
The Government Commissioner General
No. 203 To His Excellency the Governor General of Fernando Po
x & Dependencies
Dear Governor,
I have the honor of confirming to Your Excellency receipt of his letter dated November 5, 1895.
Since our governments ceased measures with a view to settling our dispute in the Gulf of
Guinea, I am no longer qualified to deal with Your Excellency on matters of law. I will therefore
respond to his letter by keeping to the facts.
The information that it mentions regarding establishing a post on an islet located 6 miles to the
SE of Corisco is unfounded.
Regarding the arrests of persons travelling the Muny River either by land or by water, I have the
honor of informing Your Excellency that no incident of this type has been brought to my attention, and that
Colony agents are still instructed to maintain the status quo on the Muny River.
But Your Excellency’s letter seems to incidentally inquire as to the customs regime in force on
the coast south of this river’s mouth and the Customs agents’ surveillance to that effect.
In 1873 France’s action in these territories, which since 1842 it has considered an integral part
of the colony of Gabon, took on the continuous character that it has today. This was a result of having
established the Mondah customs post,
FR-EG 1235_T
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Annex 51
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TRANSLATION
where agents, since then, have ensured duty collection and fraud prevention.
Near 1891 this action, exercised in a continuous and uninterrupted manner since the
aforementioned era, became the object of claims from your predecessors that the colonial authority could
not take into account.
Should the information in Your Excellency’s letter concern, not the status quo applied to the
Muny River, but the de facto situation existing since 1873 on the part of the coast south of this river’s
mouth, I cannot, any more than my predecessors, pursue these claims. Solely the cabinet in Paris may
be seized for claims of this nature.
In responding to Your Excellency with the candor that he will always find in me, I send my
wishes for a prompt resolution of a dispute that, in this part of the Gulf of Guinea, has caused a halt in
civilization work undertaken in Africa by the signatory powers of the Berlin Act.
I ask Your Excellency to accept my best ..... etc.
Signed: P. S. de Brazza
Certified copy:
The Colonial Administration
Head of The Government Secretariat
[signature]
[stamp:]
FRENCH REPUBLIC
COLONY OF FRENCH CONGO
THE COMMISSIONER GENERAL
OF THE GOVERNMENT
FR-EG 1236_T
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Annex 51
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CERTIFICATION OF ACCURACY OF TRANSLATION
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following:
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herewith."
Kent G. Heine
Water Street Translations, LLC
09/09/21
Date
Annex 51
65
■-

Annex 51
67
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Annex 51
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Annex 52
Kingdom of Spain, Ministry of Overseas, Visit from the Governor-General of Elobey (1897)
(excerpt)

Annex 52
71
TRANSLATION
V19
35
YEAR 1895
MINISTRY OF OVERSEAS POSSESSIONS
Sub secretariat
Department 2
Fernando Póo
SUBJECT
The Governor-General’s Visit to Elobey.
No. 34 1897 No. 36
GUINEA
804
17
[Stamp: Corps of Archivists, Librarians and Archaeologists
CENTRAL ARCHIVES OF THE MINISTRY OF OVERSEAS POSSESSIONS]
SPA 2091_T
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Annex 52
72
TRANSLATION
MINISTRY OF OVERSEAS
POSSESSIONS
ADMINISTRATIVE OFFICE
Department 3
Fernando Póo
[illegible]. The Governor-General of Fernando Póo, in
official letter No. 353, dated November 5th of last year
announces his departure to Elobey in the gunboat in
order to restrain the [illegible] Mosquito [illegible],
whose vessel was flying our flag and to prevent the
French from Gabon from violating the Status Quo, from
setting foot on the islet of Mbañe, if it appears that they
intend to.
SPA 2092_T
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Annex 52
73
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CERTIFICATION OF ACCURACY OF TRANSLATION
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Kent G. Heine, Managing Partner of Water Street Translations, LLC, hereby attests to
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“To the best of my knowledge and belief, the foregoing translation is a true,
accurate, and unbiased translation into English of the Spanish text attached
herewith."
Kent G. Heine
Water Street Translations, LLC
09/13/21
Date
■-

Annex 52
75
SPA 2091
' . ,: • , · . ·_ ·_~"'. ,;: :,:: • • . . ,,1 · ' . .... ·:~· ._. ... . ,. .:,.:,· .... ..... ... .. .. .... ...... ........ ... ......... ' ... ~. ' ......... .
Annex 52
76
SUBSECRETARIA
Negociado 47?
,t-,x-e,t-eet.---170--c77 •
Annex 53
Kingdom of Spain, Negotiations with France to Sign a Border Treaty Between the Spanish and
French Possessions on the West Coast of Africa, 1899-1900 No. 2 Report by the Political Section
in Regard to the Foregoing Royal Order (22 November 1899) (excerpt)

Annex 53
79
TRANSLATION
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SPA 3806_T
2
59811
[logo] MINISTRY OF EDUCATION AND CULTURE
NATIONAL LIBRARY
Paseo de Recoletos, 20
28071 Madrid
Tel.: 580 78 00
Fax: 577 56 34
CALL NUMBER: 2
59811
REDUCTION:
13
GRAPHIC SCALE
D
10 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Jnulm : I I I . I ; I 1 I I
Annex 53
80
TRANSLATION
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DOCUMENTS
SUBMITTED
TO THE COURTS
IN THE LEGISLATURE OF 1900
BY
THE MINISTER OF STATE
(THE MARQUIS OF AGUILAR DE CAMPÓO)
[Coat of Arms]
MADRID
EST. TIPOGRÁFICO “SUCESORES DE RIVADENEYRA”
PRINTERS TO THE ROYAL PALACE
Paseo de San Vicente, No. 20
---
1900
Annex 53
81
TRANSLATION
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NEGOTIATIONS WITH FRANCE
TO SIGN A
BORDER TREATY
BETWEEN THE SPANISH AND FRENCH POSSESSIONS
ON THE WEST COAST OF AFRICA
[seal]
Annex 53
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TRANSLATION
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INDEX OF DOCUMENTS
No. DATES ORIGIN AND DESTINATION SUBJECT Page
1899
1 Sept. 22 The Undersecretary of the
Presidency of the Council of
Ministers to the President of the
Council of Ministers, Minister of
State.
Transmitting correspondence from
the Governor of Fernando Póo on
violations of the status quo by France
1
2 Sept. 22 Ministry of State. Report by the Political Section in
regard to the foregoing Royal Order ..
3
1900
3 Jan. 24 The Ambassador of France to
the President of the Council of
Ministers, Minister of State.
Expressing the French Government’s
wish to reach a definitive agreement
with the Spanish Government on the
borders of the possessions of both
nations in West Africa ........................
14
4 Jan. 29 The President of the Council of
Ministers, Minister of State, to
the Ambassador of France.
Answering the preceding note and
stating that Spain also wishes to see
a definitive solution to this issue ........
15
5 Feb. 2 The Ambassador of France to
the President of the Council of
Ministers, Minister of State.
Asking the Spanish Government
whether it is willing to resume the
negotiations in Paris to set the
borders of the possessions of both
powers in West Africa ........................
17
6 Feb. 6 The President of the Council of
Ministers, Minister of State, to
the Ambassador of France
Answering the preceding note,
accepting the proposal made therein,
and inviting the French Government
to state its claims ...............................
17
7 Feb. 16 The Ambassador of France to
the President of the Council of
Ministers, Minister of State.
Proposing the appointment of
technical delegates who will submit
to the plenipotentiaries a preliminary
proposal as a basis of discussion ......
18
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VI
No. DATES ORIGIN AND DESTINATION SUBJECT Page
8 Feb. 20 The President of the Council of
Ministers, Minister of State, to His
Majesty’s Ambassador in Paris.
Sending him instructions for the
negotiations with which he has been
entrusted ............................................
20
9 Feb. 22 The Undersecretary of the
Ministry of State, to His Majesty’s
Ambassador in Paris.
Sending documents related to the
pending litigation ................................
22
10 Mar. 12 His Majesty’s Ambassador in
Paris to the President of the
Council of Ministers, Minister of
State
Reporting on the first conference
held with the Minister of Foreign
Affairs .................................................
23
11 Mar. 14 His Majesty’s Ambassador in
Paris to the President of the
Council of Ministers, Minister of
State.
Reporting on another conference
with the Minister of Foreign Affairs .....
24
12 Mar. 26 The President of the Council of
Ministers, Minister of State, to His
Majesty’s Ambassador in Paris.
Sending new instructions for the
negotiations, and instructing him to
propose the matter of the borders of
Río de Oro .........................................
26
13 April 2 His Majesty’s Ambassador in
Paris to the President of the
Council of Ministers, Minister of
State. (Telegram)
Reporting on bases agreed upon in
principle with the Minister of Foreign
Affairs .................................................
35
14 April 3 The President of the Council of
Ministers, Minister of State, to His
Majesty’s Ambassador in Paris.
(Telegram)
Answering the preceding telegram
and making observations on the
agreements ........................................
36
15 April 5 His Majesty’s Ambassador in
Paris to the President of the
Council of Ministers, Minister of
State. (Telegram)
Consulting the clause demanded by
the French Government on
fortification of Elobey ..........................
36
16 April 7 The President of the Council of
Ministers, Minister of State, to His
Majesty’s Ambassador in Paris.
(Telegram)
Instructing him to try to exclude from
the Treaty the obligation not to fortify
Elobey ................................................
37
17 April 8 His Majesty’s Ambassador in
Paris to the President of the
Council of Ministers, Minister of
State. (Telegram)
Stating his opinion that France will
insist on demanding the inclusion of
the clause on Elobey in the Treaty .....
38
18 April 18 His Majesty’s Ambassador in
Paris to the President of the
Council of Ministers, Minister of
State. (Telegram)
Consulting on French request for
compensation for Bata lighthouse,
and requesting instructions on the
Río de Oro hinterland .........................
`
38
19 April 19 The Minister of State to His
Majesty’s Ambassador in Paris.
(Telegram)
Instructing him to telegraph price
requested as compensation for Bata
lighthouse, and sending instructions
requested ...........................................
39
20 April 19 His Majesty’s Ambassador in
Paris to the Minister of State.
(Telegram)
Stating that the Bata lighthouse issue
lacks importance, because it only
cost 3,000 francs ................................
39
SPA 3810_T
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VII
No. DATES ORIGIN AND DESTINATION SUBJECT Page
21 April 20 The Minister of State to His
Majesty’s Ambassador in Paris.
Ordering him to accept condition of
Bata lighthouse payment ....................
40
22 April 20 The Minister of State to His
Majesty’s Ambassador in Paris.
Confirming telegram of the 19th and
adding instructions .............................
40
23 April 22 His Majesty’s Ambassador in
Paris to the Minister of State.
(Telegram)
Asking for new information to
address the matter of the Río de Oro
hinterland ...........................................
45
24 April 22 The Minister of State to His
Majesty’s Ambassador in Paris.
(Telegram)
Stating he already sent the
background information requested .....
46
25 April 27 His Majesty’s Ambassador in
Paris to the Minister of State.
Stating his opinion regarding the
ownership of Adrar-Tmar ...................
46
26 May 2 His Majesty’s Ambassador in
Paris to the Minister of State.
(Telegram)
Announcing upcoming conference to
draft agreement regarding Gulf of
Guinea ...............................................
48
27 May 3 The Minister of State to His
Majesty’s Ambassador in Paris.
(Telegram)
Answering preceding telegram and
objecting to the amount of
compensation to the French ...............
49
28 May 3 The Minister of State to His
Majesty’s Ambassador in Paris.
Answering his dispatch of 27th last
month and stating possible
concessions on Río de Oro
hinterland ...........................................
49
29 May 4 His Majesty’s Ambassador in
Paris to the Minister of State.
(Telegram)
Transmitting full accord reached with
Minister of Foreign Affairs and
requesting approval thereof ...............
51
30 May 5 The Minister of State to His
Majesty’s Ambassador in Paris.
(Telegram)
Making observations on the
agreement and stating that it could
be accepted with the modifications ....
53
31 May 7 The Minister of State to His
Majesty’s Ambassador in Paris.
Stating arguments in support of
modifications requested to the
agreement ..........................................
53
32 May 13 His Majesty’s Ambassador in
Paris to the Minister of State.
(Telegram)
Reporting conference held with the
Minister of Foreign Affairs and says a
final agreement is suspended ............
56
33 May 18 His Majesty’s Ambassador in
Paris to the Minister of State.
Reporting on the state of
negotiations and requesting final
instructions on the few points
pending agreement ............................
56
34 May 22 His Majesty’s Ambassador in
Paris to the Minister of State.
(Telegram)
Requesting date and form of
acceptance of Treaties of Iyil by
Spain ..................................................
60
35 May 22 The Minister of State to His
Majesty’s Ambassador in Paris.
(Telegram)
Answering preceding telegram ........... 60
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VIII
No. DATES ORIGIN AND DESTINATION SUBJECT Page
36 May 22 The Minister of State to His
Majesty’s Ambassador in Paris.
Providing a more detailed answer to
his dispatch of the 18th, accepting the
clauses agreed upon in principle ........
61
37 June 18 His Majesty’s Ambassador in
Paris to the Minister of State.
Sending the draft Agreement ............. 62
38 June 24 The Minister of State to His
Majesty’s Ambassador in Paris.
Authorizing him to sign the
Agreement .........................................
65
39 June 27 His Majesty’s Ambassador in
Paris to the Minister of State.
(Telegram)
Announcing the signing of the
Agreement and holding its
publication in reserve .........................
66
40 July 6 His Majesty’s Ambassador in
Paris to the Minister of State.
Sending the original Agreement and
attached maps ...................................
66
SPA 3811_T
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–3–
“I know that Your Honor is aware of our situation in the territories that are included in the
status quo, and that you lament it as deeply as I, due to our lack of means to prevent this, and I
hope Your Honor will forgive my expressions as a reflection of patriotism and the good wishes
that you may guide me.
“In having the honor of forwarding to Your Excellency the above correspondence, I believe it
is my duty to add that I find these acts contrary to the status quo agreed upon with the French
Republic for the territories in dispute in the Muni, but I lack the forces to resist the invasions of
the chefs de poste, since I lack even a warship to travel upon in order to learn personally of
these events. I also feel that it is unquestionably essential to guarantee the interests of the
foreign traders established in Elobey, who each pay one thousand pesos per year in tribute to
the State; moreover, since the circumstances that our Nation is going through are not suitable
for making pledges, it is urgent to craft an arrangement that registers whatever our neighbors
leave us, and firmly establish the sovereignty of Spain to emerge from the violent situation we
are experiencing in these territories. However, Your Excellency, in exercise of your worthy
judgment and knowledge of the political tendencies of His Majesty’s Government, you will be
better placed to assess these incidents and order what needs to be done for this and other
analogous cases that may arise henceforth.”
By royal order, as transmitted by His Excellency the President of the Council, I am honored
to inform Your Excellency of the foregoing for all pertinent effects.
God, etc.
(Signed.) THE MARQUIS OF CASA LAIGLESIA.
----------
No. 2
REPORT BY THE POLITICAL SECTION
IN REGARD TO THE FOREGOING ROYAL ORDER
November 22, 1899.
Your Excellency:
The Presidency of the Council of Ministers has recently forwarded to this Ministry
correspondence wherein the Governor General of Fernando Póo includes a copy of the protest
made by the Vice Governor of Elobey to the Commissioner of the French Congo last August 6.
Annex 53
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TRANSLATION
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–4–
That protest made reference to several violations of the status quo and of the treaties that
were committed or tolerated by the French authorities, consisting of the following:
1. The burning by the French chef de poste of the village of Belondo (right bank of the
Benito River), whose Chief Moñamo, a Spanish subject, refused to pay the tribute that the
aforesaid official imposed upon him in violation of the status quo;
2. The company Sociedad Normanda, established on the Muni, under French protection, is
keeping a great number of Senegalese armed with modern rifles, thereby failing to observe
Articles 8 and 9 of the Conference of Brussels, which forbid Blacks who do not belong to law
enforcement to carry firearms or advanced weaponry;
3. The village of Ibunje was punished by the Commissioner’s Office of the French Congo
without having given prior notice to the Spanish Vice Government in Elobey.
Those acts are not isolated instances that could be explained by fleeting circumstances or
by having occurred for the first time; there is a long list of prior acts which, like these, are rooted
in the lack of definition that characterizes the borders between the Spanish and French
possessions, in the determination of our neighbors to create material interests and extend their
influence in the territories subject to dispute and, above all, in the low regard they show for the
status quo that the two powers agreed to maintain until the matter was definitively resolved.
“From Benito to Bata,” writes the Vice Governor of Elobey, “and from the Munda and
Nelombo to the Muni [rivers], the French are taking one step forward each day: today they set
up a customs office, tomorrow a ‘poste’, to ensure their influence in the territory while never
heeding our just protests. We are losing more ground each day, as well as in the territories,
which they afterwards claim were theirs before the status quo; this is for the prestige of our
nation, which does not possess adequate forces here to support our claims, or even the means
to fly the flag.”
Therefore, both the Vice Governor of Elobey and the Governor General of Fernando Póo
are alerting the higher levels of the appropriateness of concluding a definitive distribution of the
territory, a state of events wherein our rights might not be weakened (because a timely protest
undermines claims that an event has been overlooked); but wherein our prestige in those
countries is suffering, the moral high ground is compromised in advance, which is the basis of
the authority that we may in fact exercise over them in the future and—worse yet—we run the
risk that our authorities in Guinea or the French authorities, in disagreement over the
interpretation of a specific point, but undoubtedly believing that it is intimately linked to the
dignity of their respective nations, let themselves be dragged into an act of conflict, afterwards
leaving even more insuperable obstacles to claiming our rights.
In order that Your Excellency may duly appreciate the current situation and the means of
remedying it, the Political Section will now set forth the pertinent background.
SPA 3813_T
Annex 53
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–5–
I.— Territories that Spain possesses or claims in the Gulf of Guinea. —Bases for such
possession or claim.
1. The island of Fernando Póo, situated in the Bay of Biafra, across from Mount Cameroon,
very close to the coast and the border, and therefore situated between the English colony of
Niger and the German colony of Cameroon.
2. The island of Annobon, farther to the south, at a greater distance from the coast and
almost across from the river mouth of “Fernand Vaz” (French colony of the Congo).
3. The islands of Corisco, Great Elobey and Little Elobey, in Corisco Bay; these are farther
to the north and much closer to land than Annobon. The two Elobeys are precisely at the
entrance to the Muni, Mooney or Danger River, an extremely important channel for
communications and commerce in those areas.
4. An extension of territory on the continent, bounded on the north by the Campo River and
the parallel corresponding to the intersection of that river with meridian 10°; on the east by
meridian 17° east of Greenwich (border of the independent state of the Congo); and on the
south by Cape Santa Clara and the dividing line between the waters of the Munda and the
Gabon.
The size of these possessions amounts to 180,000 kilometers, but we do not exercise
effective sovereignty over them, nor does France recognize our right to exercise such
sovereignty beyond Fernando Póo, Annobon and Corisco (some 2,100 kilometers total), and a
tiny territory on Cape San Juan, surrounded on the north, south and east by lands the French
claim as theirs.
The bases invoked by Spain are:
1. The Treaty of El Pardo of March 24, 1778, whereby Portugal, in exchange for the island
of Santa Catalina and the colony of Sacramento (both in South America), ceded to Spain the
islands of Fernando Póo and Annobon, and the right to engage in commerce in the Gulf of
Guinea from Cape Formozo (situated at the mouth of the Niger) to Cape López, which is south
of the Gabon River. As Your Excellency must certainly know, that stretch of coast includes not
only the territories that are currently claimed by Spain, as set forth above; it includes a portion of
the English colony of Niger, the German possession of Cameroon and also a part of the French
Congo, all regions that Spain has not claimed because it never took actual possession of them
as it did with the others, but to which it actually has a sovereign right by virtue of the
aforementioned Treaty.
Indeed, Spain has always interpreted this to mean that, in light of the dominant ideas during
the era in which the Treaty was executed, the right conceded by Portugal was equivalent to the
right to dispose of those territories. Such an interpretation also finds its basis in the valuable
consideration that characterized the transfer, in the stipulations invoked so that, despite the
transfer, the Portuguese would continue to be free to engage in the trafficking of the indigenous
people, and in the ultimate inadmissibility of the idea that Spain would exchange possessions
such as Sacramento and Santa Catalina for islands such as Fernando Póo and Annobon for the
mere authority to engage in commerce in a country whose mercantile importance was still
unknown.
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2. Its right of occupation. Indeed, shortly after signing the Treaty of El Pardo, Spain took
possession of Fernando Póo and Annobon, and later of Corisco, where trading posts were
established to engage in trade along the rivers of that bay (principally the Muni and the Munda)
and along the Gabon itself, where the French had not yet thought to establish themselves. The
exercise of Spanish sovereignty in those regions experienced a few setbacks and interruptions,
for example, the abandonment of Fernando Póo and Annobon in 1781 due to the diseases that
decimated our military forces; the occupation of the former island by the English in 1827 under
the pretext of establishing the joint tribunal to repress the slave trade; and the pillaging and
destruction in 1841—also by the English—of the trading posts in Corisco. The last of these acts,
and the repudiation of the idea of selling Fernando Póo to England, led to the Spanish
Government’s decision to send an expedition in 1843 that occupied the islands for good, and to
whose chief, Brigadier Lerena, several tribes on the continent that depended upon Corisco
expressed their desire to be subjects of Spain.
In 1846, 1858, 1860, 1861, 1862, 1864 and 1873, those tribes and others, inhabitants of the
Elobeys and of several points along the coast, from the Campo River until Cape Santa Clara,
expressed and confirmed a similar wish. Logically, they were accepted, and were awarded legal
status by issuing them letters of nationality that were confirmed several times over; the
indigenous chieftains were rewarded with gifts, pensions and concessions of diverse types;
guides were appointed for Corisco and the adjacent rivers along the coast; and Spain did not fail
to publicize these acquisitions, either celebrating them in the presence of foreign subjects, or
informing of them to those with the most direct interest therein, namely the French authorities in
Gabon, or publishing news of these acquisitions in works such as the one by Mr. Navarro
(Apuntes sobre el estado de la costa occidental de Africa y principalmente de las Posesiones
españolas en el Golfo de Guinea [Notes on the Status of the West Coast of Africa and
Principally of the Spanish Possessions in the Gulf of Guinea]), an 1859 publication by royal
order; and by Mr. Martinez y Sanz (Breves apuntes de la isla de Fernando Póo [Brief Notes on
the Island of Fernando Póo]) and the Boletín de la Sociedad Geográfica [Bulletin of the
Geographical Society] of Madrid (especially in 1878).
Subsequent to that era, in 1882, Mr. Montes de Oca, Governor of Fernando Póo, undertook
an excursion to the interior of the Muni River, receiving from the indigenous people along both
banks new expressions of adherence to Spain. Shortly thereafter, an expedition by the Society
of Africanists, underwritten by diverse centers and personalities and by the State, came out with
the idea of not only visiting the coasts from the Campo River to Cape Santa Clara and
penetrating into the interior thereof, but also of annexing more territories to Spain, namely the
Isle of Malimba and those situated to the north of the Campo River all the way to old Calabar, in
other words, those that make up the German colony of Cameroon. Unfortunately, the Germans
had forged ahead with regard to those territories, and had even moved south of the Campo
River; the French had also occupied certain points between that river and the area surrounding
Cape San Juan, and our explorers directed all their efforts to penetrating and taking possession
of the interior, to prevent our neighbors, who were spreading out along the north, east and south
of Cape San Juan, to limit our possession to an insignificant slice of the coast.
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Diseases, the lack of material means, obstacles to communications, prevented the explorers
from fully achieving their objective; nevertheless, they were able to enter into over 370 treaties
with indigenous peoples and penetrate 200 kilometers from the coast.
II.—Dispute with France.
In 1839, France obtained permission from an indigenous chieftain to establish itself along
the left bank of the Gabon River. Three years later, it acquired a small stretch of territory along
the right bank of the same river, and shortly thereafter (June 1843) was when it truly took
possession of its acquisitions, beginning the construction of a blockhouse, from which today’s
colony of Libreville took shape. They sought ways of extending along the coastline, and
particularly along rivers that were most favorable to commerce, such as the Muni, and so the
French wasted no time in penetrating the area that Spain called its own. Without pausing to
examine whether the Spanish Government could allege justifications for a prior acquisition, they
entered into pacts with indigenous peoples, at times taking advantage of their fickleness, or
incentivizing some with gifts and favors, and finding diverse ways of gaining the consent of
those who wished to remain loyal to the commitments they had reached with the Spanish
authorities. At the same time, they were protesting against the acts that the Spanish
authorities—in exercise of a perfectly legitimate right—sought to perform to exercise their
sovereignty. They did that in 1860, but it was more for the purpose of achieving the suppression
of the fees that the Chief of Corisco was charging the ships that traded in the Munda than in
order to claim territory. Our Government agreed to the suppression, out of deference to the
French Government, and in fact viewed the latter’s efforts as a confirmation and tacit recognition
of Spanish sovereignty. New issues arose in 1863, 1867, 1872 and 1877, although not as grave
and urgent in nature as those that arose after 1883. This is when the French established a
customs outpost near the mouth of the Muni River, handed out their country’s flags to the
indigenous people, and also occupied certain points between the Campo River and Cape San
Juan. As noted earlier, that territory was also occupied by the Germans, and our right thereto
was thereby equally ignored by two powers. In search of the respect we were due, our minister
in Berlin, the Count of Benomar, immediately addressed the imperial government with which he
had already entered into negotiations; at the same time, [with] the French Ambassador, to
obtain the delimitation of borders between the German and French possessions. The Count of
Benomar first attempted to have the matter resolved among the three powers; next, he dealt
separately with the German Minister of Foreign Affairs and the French Ambassador; and he
finally limited himself to negotiating with that minister, counseling His Majesty’s Government to
undertake all efforts he may find appropriate to approach the government of that neighboring
republic.
At that time, the African Conference was meeting in Berlin. Our representative there was the
distinguished geographer, Mr. Coello, and he was the one who assisted the Count of Benomar
in his work, drafting a highly erudite dissertation that was submitted to the German Government.
The latter held off giving a categorical reply,
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because the territory that Spain was claiming was also being claimed by France. But finally, in
early 1885, it indicated confidentially that whatever the outcome of the negotiations with France,
Germany was not planning on maintaining the areas occupied south of the Campo River and of
the parallel corresponding to the intersection between that river and meridian 10° east of
Greenwich.
At that point (1885) the Spanish Government believed that the time had come to reach an
understanding with its French counterpart, which immediately expressed its willingness to reach
a friendly settlement to the matter, not only in regard to Guinea, but also Cape Blanco and
Galgo Bay, but at the same time asked the Spanish authorities to refrain from taking any
measure that might affect the pending matter. As a consequence of that request, Mr. Montes de
Oca and Mr. Ossorio, representative of the Society of Africanists, were ordered to interrupt their
explorations, which in fact they did.
To settle the matter, France proposed the system it had just used with England and
Portugal, namely to appoint a commission made up of delegates from both powers, and to
submit their agreements to final approval by both governments. Spain agreed. The Commission
met in Paris in March 1886, and through September of that year discussed the matter of Cape
Blanco, reaching a settlement in that regard; it then went on to address the matter of Guinea,
first examining the legal validity of the bases invoked by each of the two nations. In response to
the rights invoked by Spain, the French contended that the Treaty of 1778 only contained the
transfer of Fernando Póo and Annobon, and with regard to the coastline, was limited to
conceding to Spain the right to engage in commerce. The French believed that they too could
invoke the latter right, because France had adhered to the Treaty, thereby obtaining (according
to one of its articles) all the advantages that were not necessarily exclusive in nature. They
brought to the dispute a letter from Aranda to Floridablanca, which stated that the objective
pursued by Spain in acquiring Fernando Póo, Annobon and the right to engage in trade along
the coast was to procure slaves for their colonies in the Americas; they disputed the validity of
our contracts with indigenous peoples; they invoked the fact that Germany, which in regard to
Spain had limited itself to the declaration mentioned earlier, had recently (December 24, 1885)
entered into a border treaty with France, ceding to France the acquisitions made by Dr.
Nachtigal south of the Campo River. Our delegates insisted on their interpretation of the Treaty
of 1778; they stressed the defects of nullity reflected in the pacts entered into between France
and the indigenous peoples, wherein the lack of formalities showed the lack of competence of
the contracting parties, and the fact that the pacts had not even been published, nor were they
approved by the President of the Republic until many years following their execution. The result
was that the delegates of the two nations could not agree, either on their interpretations, on
matters of principle, or even on the geographical distribution of the tribes inhabiting the disputed
regions. Finally, each having exhausted their arguments, they agreed in 1887 to move on to
practical solutions, namely the distribution of territories. The first Spanish proposal was of
course unacceptable to the French; it consisted of establishing the Munda and the Djembe as
boundaries,
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thus abandoning to France a smallish region to which Spain had scarcely established a claim,
since although its claim included all the way to Cape Santa Clara, it had declared to the French
Government back in 1870 that it did not intend to maintain its sovereignty any farther than the
Munda.
The French replied with a proposal of their own, even more unacceptable than ours, since it
was offering us the area from the Campo River to Outomnanié Point, demanding in exchange
that we abandon Cape San Juan, although they had already recognized our sovereignty over it.
That offer looked to us as if the French wished to break up the negotiations; however, these
were expanded in one of the following meetings, with talks of setting the border at the Benito
River, and even of extending it to Cape San Juan, thereby recognizing Spain’s sovereignty over
the entire coastline from Cape San Juan to the Campo. This proposal was also rejected, since
our understanding was that we were being given a region without ports or rivers, stripping us of
the most fertile areas replete with river channels, namely the area south of the Muni River. But
the French also rejected the offer made next by our delegates, consisting of a border from the
Noya River, from its sources until the bend at Goon, and from there a straight line to the coast.
That would leave both banks of the Munda to the French, and the Muni and all territory to the
north of it for Spain. But the French also stated on that occasion that they needed the Muni and
that they could not possibly accept any settlement that failed to grant it to them. The Spanish
Ministries of Overseas Territories and the Navy indicated the importance of maintaining our
delegates’ original proposal (the Munda and the Djembe line), improving the offer by ceding the
island of Annobon. The Council of Ministers rejected that idea, believing that public opinion
would frown on that concession, and in fact there is reason to believe that such an offer would
have had no effect on the French, since they failed to accept the new proposal that would bring
the border from the bend at Goon to the sources of the Imana River, and from there, following
the course of this river, to the coast.
This was in November 1888; the discussions continued to be held after the first meeting
(March 1886), but only very occasionally, and had suffered several interruptions, due principally
to the many diverse occupations of the French delegates, who not only had responsibilities to
the Commission but also had other jobs to do in their country’s government. In view of the
impossibility of reaching an agreement with our delegates, the French delegates felt it was
appropriate to consider their work concluded and submit the matter to arbitration, a contingency
already foreseen by the Spanish Government, who nevertheless felt it was preferable for the
Commission to continue discussions and seek the basis for a direct settlement between the
interested parties. So they did in fact continue for a time, but in the end, the discussions were
halted and any possible solution was put off until new incidents in the disputed territories and
new claims between the two nations prompted the French Government to press for a speedy
conclusion to the matter.
Consequently, the French Embassy in Madrid sent this Ministry a note in September 1890
proposing arbitration. The idea was well received, but it was still agreed that the joint
Commission should meet once again to propose the manner in which to spell out the agreement
on Cape Blanco, and for the two governments
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to have enough time to get public opinion gradually accustomed to the idea of arbitration.
The next meeting of the Commission was not held until January 1891.
It was impossible to reach an understanding regarding arbitration, since our
plenipotentiaries maintained the need to mark the territories that would have to be submitted to
arbitration, naturally including among them the ones claimed in one of the first discussions,
namely, from the Campo River to Cape Santa Clara, and their interior area up to meridian 17°
east of Greenwich. The French plenipotentiaries argued, on the one hand, that they lacked the
mandate to reach a decision on this point, and on the other hand, argued that the arbitrator
should decide with regard to the Elobeys and the territories extending from the coast to the
mountains, reflecting the assumption that French sovereignty over the remainder of the
hinterland (from the mountains to meridian 17°) was unquestionably legitimate.
The discussions ultimately ended in July 1891 because one of the French plenipotentiaries,
Mr. Girard de la Rialle, had to leave Paris; the matter was thus returned to the two governments.
III.—Establishment of the status quo.
The negotiations that were set to begin had the principal objective of reaching an arbitration
agreement. However, it was also necessary to address in the clearest terms what conduct both
powers should observe, in order to avoid altering the existing state of affairs to the detriment of
either party. This need had been clearly perceived ever since the two governments reached an
agreement in 1885 to resolve the differences between them through a joint commission, and in
fact the authorities in Fernando Póo and Gabon received orders to refrain from any activities
that might violate the status quo. But discontent arose all too soon regarding the way to assess
what constituted a violation of the status quo. Our authorities understood that building houses to
establish new trading posts was such a violation, and conceived the national flag as a sign of
sovereignty; on the other hand, the French Government believed that the national flag could be
used simply as a symbol, and felt that the contentious nature of the territory, which did not
prevent free commerce, could also not prevent the establishment of French or Spanish trading
posts, particularly in light of the fact that the subjects of other nations were not in any way
hindered from establishing themselves, and thus enjoyed better conditions than the citizens of
the two countries who were precisely engaged in debates about the ownership of the territory.
These objections certainly prevailed in the mood of the Spanish Government, even though
no formal agreement was entered into between it and the French Government. It all came down
to an oral agreement reached between Mr. Moret and Mr. Cambón, the Minister of State and the
French Ambassador in Madrid, respectively, on the following bases:
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1. Full freedom of commerce for Spanish and French subjects, both on land and in sailing
vessels.
2. Refrain from any and all acts involving any claim or expression of sovereignty in those
places.
3. The flags flown by the trading posts of both countries, or those indicating fees paid by one
or the other, will not be seen as national emblems, but simply as colors, to assist in
distinguishing one from the other.
This agreement was confirmed in private correspondence between Mr. Cambón and Mr.
Moret, and in discussions between the former and the successors to the latter, the Marquis of la
Vega de Armijo and the Duke of Tetuán. The agreement gave rise to the instructions given to
the governors of Fernando Póo; at times, it was used as grounds for complaints by the French
Government, and it was our Government’s belief that not only the banks of the Muni River, but
also those of the Benito, and in general, all the territories in dispute, were to be subjected to the
agreement. This was acknowledged in the official note dated February 11, 1891, by the French
Minister of Foreign Affairs, Mr. Ribot.
The halt in discussions by the Joint Commission (July 1891) coincided with a debate
between the Spanish and French authorities in Guinea regarding the French attempts to collect
duties in the Munda area and the Spanish threat to use force to prevent that. With a clash
imminent, each of the two governments separately telegraphed their authorities in Guinea to
prevent it, and negotiations began with the objective of providing them with identical
instructions, saying that since both countries were about to take the entire matter to arbitration,
they must refrain from any and all acts of force and from collecting any duties from their subjects
in the disputed territory.
But the instructions were never issued; the French Government wanted the status quo to
extend to the Elobeys; the Spanish Government, on the other hand, wanted the arrangement
involving identical instructions to include the three principles agreed upon between Messrs.
Moret and Cambón. Some discrepancies arose around the manner for doing so, and in light of
the proportions and complications that the matter had acquired, Mr. Ribot drafted a proposed
arbitration agreement, attaching thereto a protocol governing the status quo and identical
instructions (December 1891). The arbitrator was to be the King of Denmark, as already
arranged in confidence, and the agreement was to be ratified by the legislatures.
Our Government requested certain changes, consisting principally of leaving the arbitrator’s
name out of the agreement (in order to prevent any debate that might arise in the parliaments
around his august person) and clearly marking the territories that would be subject to the
arbitration proceedings. The French Government erected no obstacles to the indicated changes,
but did not believe the time was yet right to conclude the agreement and submit it to the
legislature. In July 1892, it stated through its Chargé d’Affaires in Madrid that it was ready to
sign the agreement, which it did not do, however, nor did so later, undoubtedly because the
serious incidents in Melilla, the Cuban insurrection and the concerns arising from the war with
the United States, have prevented His Majesty’s Government from devoting its attention to other
international matters of lesser importance.
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Meanwhile, the French have lost no time and missed no opportunity, and the Political
Section could give Your Excellency a long list of violations of the status quo that they have
committed; it can be said that the state of affairs, which should have remained the same as
fourteen years ago, is now radically different. Customs offices, military outposts, administrative
offices of various kinds, have been installed by our neighbors, reflecting their plan to extend
their prestige and sovereignty by any means possible. Our actions in those regions have
expressed themselves solely through protest; protests by our authorities in Fernando Póo and in
Elobey; protests by our Government; protests by our Ambassador in Paris; protests that have at
times been satisfied, others argued over, and most often forgotten shortly afterwards by our
very selves. In 1890 this Ministry asked the Ministry of Overseas Possessions for a list of
commercial entities established under our protectorate in the territories mentioned in this report.
There was only one that was Spanish: the Compañía Transatlántica [Transatlantic Company].
Nor have any explorations taken place. Relations with the indigenous people have been scarce,
because our authorities had neither boats to compete with the French in such activities nor
money to emulate their generosity. The extreme hinterland, that which borders on the
independent state of the Congo, has been studied, and it can be said that it was discovered by
the French, and offers them enormous value, that of joining the Congo and the Ubangi rivers.
Thus, the situation today is even less favorable than seven years ago, because if at that
time French public opinion demanded the Muni River as indispensable, it will demand the
interior even more, and with equal or greater ardor, and may also object to withdrawing from the
coast between the Campo River and Cape San Juan, where there are now interests that had
yet to be created in 1885 and 1892. Each day that passes makes it harder to reclaim our rights,
and this consideration leads us to acknowledge the unavoidable need to put an end to the
current state of uncertainty.
There are only two ways of doing this: arbitration by a third-party power, and direct dealings
between the two governments. We must rule out joint commissions: experience has shown us
that in this matter they would be ineffective and perhaps even counterproductive.
Our rights are of such a nature that, even if we are certain of them, we could not turn them
over to an examination by an arbitrator without feeling apprehension. We must also confess that
the neglect with which we have managed them will strip them of a large part of their value in the
eyes of a third party. On the other hand, the litigation will take a very long time. Setting forth the
justifications invoked by both nations, already complicated before, would take even longer due
to the need to indicate which French occupations are entirely lacking in validity after having
been verified as violations of the status quo. Therefore, the arbitrator’s mandate must be very
broad, since he would have to examine the factual and legal background, interpret it, define the
hinterland and, ultimately, the territory, if he could not find sufficient grounds (the most likely
case) to award it in toto to one of the litigants. It is to be feared that the French Government,
whose interest in putting an end to the current situation is not as ardent as ours, would find it
hard to acknowledge such a broad jurisdiction by the arbitrator. And if it fails to recognize such
jurisdiction, it is hard to understand how it could knowingly accept an award that would satisfy
Spain.
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On the other hand, a government-to-government negotiation could examine the new legal
aspects of the matter, since both sides have wasted too much time on arguments. That process
would address the matter in the condition it was left by the Joint Commission in 1891, and would
seek to achieve a definitive distribution of the territory, contributing, if necessary, new data to
facilitate such a solution.
For example, it could be insinuated to the French Government that its Spanish counterpart
would be willing to set the eastern boundary of its possessions not at meridian 17° east of
Greenwich, but instead along a conventional or natural line (rivers and mountains), leaving
sufficient space for the union between the Ubangi and Congo rivers. As Your Excellency is
certainly aware, Germany signed treaties with France in 1885 and 1891 to establish the
boundaries of their African possessions, establishing as a border to the Gulf of Guinea precisely
the line that we consider the northernmost border of ours, namely the Campo River and the
parallel corresponding to its intersection with meridian 10°, but extending it only up to meridian
15° and leaving a space of two degrees between this meridian and 17° so that France may
penetrate and expand its presence in the Ubangi. With France recognizing our sovereignty from
the Campo River towards the south, with regard to the interior we could be content with
reaching meridian 15°, then leaving a two-degree belt (about 200 kilometers wide) between this
meridian and the boundaries of independent Congo so that the French would have the union
between the Congo and Ubangi rivers. Obviously, this line is indicated only as an example, and
could undergo (while maintaining its essence) any deviations that accidents of terrain might
demand.
Another factor that could benefit us is represented by Corisco and the Elobeys, especially
the latter, given their situation at the mouth of the Muni River. If we are forced to renounce that
river, possessing them would be useless to us, while ceding them could serve to achieving
better conditions in terms of the size of the hinterland. However, with regard to Corisco, we
should not lose sight of the relative importance it can offer us given the position it occupies in
the bay that bears its name.
Due to its situation across from the French Congo and its healthy climate, the island of
Annobon also holds value in view of an exchange or as a condition for recognizing a larger
territory for us.
Under the present circumstances, and without knowing the attitude that the French
Government may assume, it is hard to be any more specific. However, our aspirations must be
made to fit the circumstances.
The concession of commercial advantages to the French in the disputed territories, and the
recognition of such advantages to Spain, are also points of view to keep in mind. In any event, it
will be necessary for Your Excellency, in an official note or in the manner you deem most
appropriate, to address the French Ambassador to this Court, informing him of the protest by
the Vice Governor of Elobey against the acts that gave rise to this report, and using that
occasion to express to him that His Majesty’s Government wishes to see a solution to the
difficulty caused by such disagreeable incidents over the past half-century and would be
pleased to learn the French Government’s views on the possibility of a settlement based on the
proposals aired within the Joint Commission
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and on any modifications that today’s circumstances may merit, in the view of that government.
At the same time, it would be appropriate to address His Majesty’s Ambassador in Paris to
urge him to contribute to the successful outcome of these efforts, asking the Minister of Foreign
Affairs to duly authorize Mr. Patenôtre for that purpose, and striving to overcome potential
difficulties such as those that have arisen on other occasions from the French Ministers of the
Navy and the Colonies.
Your Excellency shall decide.
(Signed.)—J. PÉREZ CABALLERO.
Approved:
(Signed.)—SILVELA.
NOTE.—Pursuant to the matters proposed in this report, the Minister of State addressed the issue
orally with the French Ambassador in Madrid.
----------
No. 3
THE AMBASSADOR OF FRANCE
TO THE PRESIDENT OF THE COUNCIL OF MINISTERS
MINISTER OF STATE
(TRANSLATION)
Madrid, January 24, 1900.
Mr. President:
The Government of the Republic has recently learned, through a telegram from the Vice
Governor of the Congo, that the Spanish have begun the construction of a fort on Cape San
Juan, a place situated in the territories that are part of the Gulf of Guinea, which are the subject
of a dispute between our two countries.
As these events constitute in and of themselves a modification to the agreed-upon status
quo, I have been charged with directing Your Excellency’s attention to them.
As our Minister of Foreign Affairs wishes to resume as soon as possible the negotiations
aimed at concluding these differences, and according to his colleague in the Colonies, he is at
this time seeking the most favorable footing for proceeding to a settlement, and hopes to submit
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»Al mismo tiempo he de manifestar a V. E. que la Sociedad Normanda
>>Cs tablccid:l en el Muni , hajo el protectorado frances, tiene a su servicio un
»gra.n m'1mero de senegnleses nrmados con fusiles modernos. Yuecencin. sabe
»rnuy bien que, segun los articulos 8.° y 9.' de la Conferencia de Bruselas,
»est.-\ convenido entre Ins naciones la prohibici6n 1\ los negros del uso de a.rmas
»rayodas o perfeccionadas, siempre que no pertenezcan a la fuerza publica; de
»modo quc espero merecer de su recta justicia que, con objeto de no faltar a lo
»preceptuado en la citnda Conferencia ni al statu quo, sea.n desarmados esos in.
»clividuos 6 retirnda esa fuerza del rio.
»Por otro parte, enterndo de quc el dia cinco de! corriente mes fue casti
»gado por esa Comisarla el pueblo de lbunje sin haber antes dado aviso a este
>.,Subgobicrno, protesto de semejante ncto.
»Sien to con toda mi alma, Sr. Comisario, verme en la precisi6n de dar cuenta
, ,, h Supcrioridad de hcchos que alteran la tranquilidad y buenas relaciones
»que sicmpre desee y deseo que reinen entre esa Cornisarfo. y este Subgobierno,
»pcro no puedo pasarlo en silencio, porquc redundarfa en perjuicio de los in
»tereses de mi Naci6n.
)> lleciba Y. E. la. seguridn.d de mi mas n.lta. consideraci6n. Elobey seis de
)1Agosto de mil ochocicntos noventa y nueve.»
>1 AI dar :i V. S. traslado de est..1. comunicaci6n, me creo en el deber de recordar
ladificilisima situaciOn en que se encuentra. la Autoridad espn.i1ola, obligad:~,
como Y. S. snbe, :t presencia.r consta.ntemente toda. clase de atropellos a
los clcrechos es pafioles y el olvido mas absoluto por parte de los franceses de!
slalu quo, mientras noso tros Jo cumplimos con el mayor cuida.do. N uestras
protestas no alcanzan mfts resultado, V. S. lo sa.bc, que inicinr discusiones
por cscri to cntrc la Comisarfa <lcl GahOn y cstns Autoridades, sin que se conEiga.
nunca m:ls fin pr:ictico que la pt!rdida poco tt poco del prestigio espailol
en los tc rritorios en litigio. Desde Benito hast, Bata y desde el Munda y
Nclombo hasta el Muni, cada dia dan los franceses un paso adelante, hoy
cnloc:mdo nna. Aduana, mafiana nn poste, para. asegumr su infl.uencia. en el
territorio, sin que nunca. sean atendida.s nues tras justns protestas.
»Un reparto definitivo del territorio, fuese cual fu ese, creo yo que harfo.
mrl.s airoso el papel de Espa na, que esta sitnnciOn en la que cndadfn. perdemos
m:\s, lo mismo en territorios, que despues aseguran ser suyos nntes del statu
quo, r1uc en prestigio de nuestra NaciOn, que no cuenta. aqui con fuerzas sufi.cicntes
pnm npoynr Ins reclamnciones, ni siquiera con medips de ensenar el
pabelltln.
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»Como se que conoce V. S. nuestra oituaci6n en los territorios comprendidos
dentro de! statu quo, yla lament.~ t~ntocomo yo, porfaltademediospara
evitn,rla, espero merecerde V. S. que disc ulpe mis manifestaciones en gracia
al pa.triotismo y buenos deseos que al hncer1ns me gufa.
»AI tener el honor de trasladnr 6. V. E. la comunicnci6n antes transcritn,
me creo en el deber de a.nadir, que considero estos actos contrarios al statu,
quo convenido con la Rep(1blica frnncesa para los territorios en litigio en el
Muni, pero me encuentro sin fuerzas para oponerme 8. las invasiones de los
cltefs de poste, pues carezco hasta de un barco de guerra con que marchar a
enterarme personalmente de lo ocurrido. Estimo ademas de todo punto indispensable
garantizar los intereses de los factores cxtranjeros estnblecidos en
Elobey , que pagan mil pesos anuales ca.da uno de contribnci6n al Estado;
mas como quiera que Ins circunstancias por que atraviesa nuestra Naci6n no
son a prop6sito para empeiinr cuestiones, urge concluir un nrreglo que mar~
que lo que nos dejen nuestros vecinos, y establecer de una mancra tirme la
soberania de Espana, sa.liendo de la violent.'\ situnci6n en que estamos en estos
territorios. Sin embargo, V. E., en su elevado criterio y conocedor de la ma.r•
cha politica de! · Gobicrno de S. ill., podra aprecia,• mejor es tos incidente~ y
ordenar lo que deba hacerse para Cste y otros cases arnUogos que pueden prcsentarse
en lo sucesivo.>>
Loque de Ren! or.den , comunicada por el Excmo. Sr. Presidente clcl Consejo,
tengo el honor de poner en conocimiento de V. E. para los cfectos que
procedan.
Dios etc.
(Firmado.) Er, 1L1nQi;,:s DJ·: C.1s,1 LAIGT,ESIA.
N.0 2
INFORME DE LA SECC li'>N DE l'OLiTlCA
REFERENTE A LA ANTERIOR HEAL ORDEN
2J do Novicmbrc de 18tl\).
Excmo. Seri or:
La Presitlencin. llel Consejo cl(' :M inistros ha dado rcciontemento ,i. Nile l\lh1istorio tras-
1ado de una comunicaci6n en la qne el Gobernaclor general do l<'ernamlo P6o inclnyc copia
de la protesta dirigida por cl Subgoberna~or de Elobey al Comisario del Congo
francCs en 6 de Agosto, Ultimo.
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Refiercse dicha protesta a varias infracciones del slalu. quo y de los tratados, cometidas
6 toleradas por Ins Autoridades francesas, y consistentes:
1.n En Imber eido incencliado por el chef de poste francCs el pueblo de Belondo (orilla
derecha del rio lhnito), cuyo jefe Mofiamo, sUbdito espafiol, se neg6 3, pagnr Ja contri•
baci6n que, faltando al ,'¾lat1i quo, le impttso aquel funcionario;
2." En tener la Sociedall N ormanda establecida en el Muni, bajo el protectorado francCs,
un gran nUmero de senegaleses armaJ.os con fusiles modernos, sin respetar, pues,
los articulos S.0 y !).0 de la Conferencia de Bruselas, que prohiben a los negros que no
pertonezcan ii. la fuerza pU.blica. el uso de armas rayado.s 6 perfeccionadas;
a." En haber si<lo castigado el pueblo de Ibnnje por la Comisaria del Congo francCt=1,
sin dar previamente aviso al Subgobierno espafiol de Elobey.
E:1os hechos no son aeontecimientos ai:ilados enya explieaci6n sea posible eneontrar
en circunstancias transitorias 6 quo ahora por primera vez se presenten; tienen una
la.rga aerie de antecedentes originados, como ellos, por la indecisi6n en qne los limites
cle las posesiones espaiiolas y francesas de aquellas regiones so ballan, por el empeiio
quc nuestros vec inos J>oncn on orear intel"escs materiales y desenvolver au inOncncia en
los territorios sometidos :\. litigio , y, sobre todo, por cl cacaso respeto qne guardan al
Main fJHO que affibas Potenc_ias convinieron en mantener mientras la cuesti6n no fuera
tlcfi nitivamento resuclta.
,d)cr:i-lo Benito hMta Bata, dice el Subgobernaclor de Rlobey, y desde el Munday Ne•
lombo hasta cl Muni, cacla ilia clan los franceses un paso adelante, hoy colocando una
A,luana, malmna un «post.c 1>, para asegurar an influencia en el territorio, sin que nunca
~·can atcnllidas nuestras jnstas protcstas. Cada <lia perdemos m!ls, lo miamo en tcrritorios,
quo dcspu{·s aseguran ser snyos antes del sta.tu 'JUO, queen prestigio cle nuestra Naci6n,
quo no cuenta aqui con fuerzas suficientes para apoyar las reclamaciones, ni siquiora
con medios de ens~1inr cl pabellOn.>
Por cso, tanto cl Subgobcrnador de Elobey, como el Gobernador general <le Fernando
P6o , Haman la atenci6n de la Sllperioridad hacia la convuniencia de t-erminar con un
reparto tlcfinitivo llcl territorio, un estaclo do cosas en cl 11ue acaso no podrin debilitarsc
nuestros dcrechos (1>oqne una protesta oportuna despoja de valor :\. los hechos que pu<
licran tlcsconoccrlos); pcro en el cnal sufre nuestro prostigio en aqnellos paises, se
compromctc anticipadamcnto la fuerza mOr"al, base cle la autoridad que en lo futuro
podriamos cjercer cfcctivamente sobre ellos, y-lo que os peor-se corre el riesgo de que
nucstras Autoridades en Guinea 6 Ias franceaas, <liscordcs en la .tpreciaci6n de nu punto
concreto, pero conformcs en considerarlo intimnment"e ligado .i. lu. dignidad de sus respcctivas
Xaciones, se dcjen arrastrar :\. un acto de fuerza, clespuCs <lel cnal la reivindicaci6n
do nuestro <lerccho cocuentre obstii.cnlos todavia mii.s insuperables que ahora.
Paru. qnc V. }.; . puecla apreciar debidamentc la situaci6u. actual y los Iiledio3 de reme<
liarla, la Secci6n <lo Politica pasa a exponerle 103 antecedentes de ella.
-5-
I.- Terr'itorios que Espaiia 1wsee 6 ,·edamu en el Golfo cle Gttinea.-Tttulos
en que se /unda.
1.0 La isla de Fernando P6o, situada en Ja bahia de Biafra, frente al monte Camaroncs,
muy pr6xima a la costa y al liniite, por consiguiente, entre la colonia inglesa del Niger
y la alemana de Camarones.
2.0 La de Annobon, m:i.s al Sur , a mayor distancia de la costa y casi enfrente de la
desembocadnra del «Fernand Van (colonia francesa del Congo).
3.0 Las islas de Corieco, Elobey grnnde y Elobey chico, en la bahia do Corisco; eato
es, mas al Norte y mncho m.is inmediatas 3 tierra que Annobon. Los dos Elobeys est.in
precisamente en la ent.rada del rio :Muoi, Mooney O Dinger, via importantisima de comunicaci6n
y de comercio en aqucllos parajes.
4.~ Una extensi6n de territorio en el continente, limitado al Norte por el rio Campo
y el paralelo correspondiente i la intersecci6n de este rio con el meridiano 100; al Este
por el meridiano 17° del Este de Greenwich (limite clel Estaclo independiente tlcl
Congo); y al Sur por el cabo Santa Clara y la divisoria entre lae aguas del Munday el
Gab6n.
Asciende Ja ex.tensi6n de esta.s poseeiones :i. nnos 180.000 ki16metros; pero ni ejercemos
sabre todos ellos soberania. afectiva, ni nos reconoce Francia derecho i ejercerla m:is
queen Fernando P6o, Annobon y Corisco (nnos 2.100 kil0metros en total) y nn pcqnofiisimo
territorio en el cabo San Jaan, rodeado al Norte, Sur y F:ste por tierras que sostienen
los franceses ser suyas.
Los titulos invocados por Espafia son:
1.0 El Tratia.do de El Pardo de 24: de l\Iarzo do 1778, por el quo Portugal cedi6 a Espaii.a,
en cambio de la isla de Santa Catalina y de la colonia del Sacramento (ambas en America
del Sur), las islas de Fernando P6o y Annobon y el dorecho tie comerciar en el
Golfo de Guinea, descle cabo Formozo (situado en la descmboca<lnra tlel Niger) hasta
cabo L6pez, que est,\ al Sur dcl rio Gabo n. Como Y. E. no ignora , eoa extonsi6n do costa
no comprcnde solamente los territorios qne, scg1in qned6 ex.pnesto m;is arriba, son actualmente
reivinLlicados por E~pafia; <lentro tic ella. est.in una parte tlo la colonia inglesa
del Niger, la posesiOn alcmana tle Camarones y unn parte tambien tlel Congo
franc8s, regiones toclas qne Espaii.a no ha roclama,lo porque nnnca tom,j posc:;iOn tan
efectiva de ollas coma de las otras, pcro i cuya sobcranfa tcnia rcalmente clerecho en
virtnd del Tratado citatlo.
Espafia, en efecto, lo ha intcrpretaclo siemprc en cl scntitlo tic qnc, clatla:5 las ideas
dominant.ea en la epoca de sn celebraciOn, el derecho qnc Pot·tngal coucetliO equiv.ilia
al de disponer de aquellos territorio:i; tat interprclaciOn so apoya , atlem:\.s, en el car:lcter
oneroso cle la cesi6n,, en las estipulaci•mes quc mediaron para quo, ;i. pcsar de clla,
siguieran disfrntando los portogueses la libert.acl de traficar con los indigonas , y en la
inadmisibilidad, por tiltimo, de qne Espana c:imbiasc posesiont•:J coma cl Sacramento y
Sant.a Catalina, por d0s .islas como Fernando P6o y Anuobon, y por la simple facultatl
de com~~ciar e~'ii~};i{ 1~i~ impo1•tancia mercantil era todavia desconochla.
Annex 53
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2." En su derecho do ocupaci6n. A poco, en efecto, de firmarse el tratado de El Pardo,
toro6 Espafia posesi6n de Fernando P6o y Annobon, y mis tarde de Corisco, donde se
cstablecieron factorias para cjcrccr el comercio con los rios de aquella bahia (prineipalmento
cl :Muni y cl Munda) y con cl mismo Gab6n, en cl cual todavia no habfan pensado
cstablecerse los frnnceses. Sufri6 el ejercicio de la soberania espaiiola en aquellas
regionos alguno:; contratiempos C interrnpciones, como fueron, por ejemplo, el abandono
de ~.,ernando POo y Annobon, en 1781, :i causa de las enfermedades que diezmaron
nuestras fnerzas militares; la ocupaci6n de Ja primera de las islas por los ingleses
en 1827 con pretoxto <lo est.ablecer alli cl tribunal mixto para la represi6n de la trata
de negros; r el saqueo y deslrucci6n, tambi6n por lo8 ingleses, en lSU de las lactorias
quo ox.islian en Corisco. Este l1Uimo hecho y el haber sido rechazado por la opini6n el
pensamiento de vendor Fernantlo P6o :i Inglaterrn, decidiO al Gobierno espafiol :i. envfar
on 1813 nna expedici6n que ocup6 definitivamente las islas, y :i cuyo jefe, el brigadier
Lerena, manifestaron va rias tribus <lei contioente, depcmlientcs de Corisco, deseo de
somctcrse ,i Espaiia.
Eu 18-!G, 18;)8, ISGO, 18Gl, 1862 , 1S64: y 1873, esas y otras tribes, habitantes en los
:r:Jobeys yen distintos puntos cle In costa,dcsdc el rio Campo hasta el cabo de Santa Clara,
expresaron y ratilicaron un desco amHogo. Como era 16gico, se lea ace1lt6, se le di6 valor
juridico con la oxpeclici6n de ati·tas de nacionalidacl varins vecos confirmadas , se lea
promi6 con regalos, pensiones y concesiones de di-rerso genero a los jefes indigenas; se
nombraron pilotos para Corisco y Ios inmediatos rios de la coata, y no se omiti6 dar
publicillad a Ias adqnisicioncs de E$paii.a, ya celebcindolas en presencia de slibditos
oxtranjeros, ya comnnicimtlolas a quiencs mi'ls clirectamente interesaban, que eran las
Autorhlatlos francesas tlcl Gabon, ya inscrtando noticia de ellaa en obras como la clel
8r. Nan\rro (.·lpuuh's .-::o,n·c cl eslmlo de la co!1;/a nc,:i(frntal de AJ1·ica y p1·incipalme11 tc
clt• Iris /'11scsi,m c.q c.,,;J1rtll,J!r1.,; rn cl Go~fo de (,'uinen), publicacla de Real orden en 1859; Ja.
dcl Sr. Martine;.: y San,1 (Nre,,cs ap,mlr..r; de let falu de Fcr1uuulo P/Jo) y cl Boletlti de /{I,
Su,:iedad Ue,1{1nifo.:a dl1 Madrid (especialmentc en 1878).
Con po~tcrioridatl a t'Sa l•poca, en 1882, el Sr. l\lontes de Oca, gobernador de Fernando
Pllo, llcvO ,i. cnbo una oxc nrsi6n por cl interior dd rlo Muni, recibiendo de los indigo~
nas de nm has orillas nucvns manifcstaciones de adbcsiOn .i. Espaii.a. Poco clespuCs, una.
t'xpod ici6n de la Socictlatl de Africanistas, sub,•eucionntla. por diversos centros y perso•
11.1lidn.dcS y por cl Esl~lllo, saliO con pensamicnto, no sOlo de visitar las costas clesde el
rio Campo hn sta cl cabo S:int:l Clara y penotrar en ol interior de ellas, sino de anexionar
;°t Espafia otros tcrritorio8 m:is, cnales eran b. isla de Malimba y los sitmulos al
Xorte dol rio Campo h,1st.i el viejo Calabar, 6 sea los quo forman la colonia alemana de
Camaroneg. Desgraciadamente los alemanes se hahian adelantado respecto a esos terri~
tol'ios, y aun se habfan corrido al Sur del rio Campo; Ios franceses habi::m ocupado tamhi6n
n.lgnnos pnntos cnt.rc dicho rio y las inmediaciones del cabo San Juan, y nuestros
ox ploradores dirigieron toclos ans esfuerzos it internarse y tomar posesi6n del interior,
11.ua evitar qne nnestros vecinos , ex:tendiendose por el Norte, Estey Sur del cabo San
Juan, dejasen nuestra posesi6u limitada a. un insignificante trozo de costa.
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Enfermedades, falta de medios materiales, obsticolos en las comunicaciones, im'Pidieron
a los exploradores realizar plenamente sn objeto; consigoieron, no obstante, celebrar
mas de 370 tratados con los indigenas y llegar a 200 ki16metros de la costa.
II.-Litigi·o con Francia.
En 1839 obtnvo Francia de on Jefe indigena permi8o para establecerse en la orilla iz•
quierda del rio Gab6n; tres afios despnCs adqniriO nna. peqnefia extensiOn del territorio
en la orma derecba del mismo rio, y al poco tiempo (.Jonio, 1843) fuE! co::mdo realmente
tom6 posesi6n de lo adquirido, empezando la construcci6n de un blokhaus , origen de la
actual colonia de Libreville. Buscando modo de exten<lerse por Jae costas, y sabre todo
por rios tan favorables para el comercio, como el :Muni, no tardaron los franceses en
penetrar en la zona que Espana considera auya. Sin detenerse a examinar si el Gobierno
espafiol podria alegar titulos de una adquisici6n anterior, hicieron pactos con los imli•
• genas, aprovechando unas veces su volubilidad, estimulanclola otras con regalos y fayores,
y consiguiendo por cliversos modos el consentimiento de los que querian permanecer
fie les al compromiso contraido con las Autoridades espaiiolas. Al mismo tiempo, protea•
ta.ban de los actos con qne est.as, en uso de un clerecho perfectamente legitimo, preten•
dian ejereer au soberania. Eso hicieron en 1860 , pero mas con .cl objeto de obtener la
supresi6n de los derechos que el Jefe de Corisco cobral,a a,. ... los buques que comerciaban
en cl Munda que con el fin de hacer unn reivindicaci6n territorial. Accecli6 nuestro
Gobierno a la aupresi6n, por deferencia al de Franck,, ·y hasta crey6 vcr en la gesti6n
de €ate una confo·maci6n y un reconocimiento implicito de sn solJCrania. Nue.,·as CUC':'itiones
surgieron en 1863, 18671 1872 y 1877, aunque no con cadctcr tan grave y urgente
como las que se presentaron despuCs de !SgJ, En esta 1iltima fecha, los franceses esfablecieron
un puesto cle Aduanas cerca de la desembocaclura del Muni, rc·particron banderas
de su pais entre los incligenus y ocuparon tambi6n algunos p•mtos entre rio Campo
y cabo San Juan. SegU.n m,ls arriba se clijo, ese tcrritorio fuO ocupado iguahncnto por
los alemanes, y nuestro derecho se vi6, por consiguiente, desconocido ,i. fa vez 1;or do~
Potencias. Con objoto de obtenor el reapeto debido, nuestro Ministro en Berlin, sefior
Conde de Benomar, se dirigi6 desde luego al Gobierno imperial con cl qne lmbia enta•
blado ya negociaciones, por su parte, el Embajaclor de Fr:mcia, para ohtencr In dclimi•
taei6n de fronteras ontre las poscsiones alemanas y franccsas. El Sr. Conde de Benomar
intent6 primero que la cuesti6n se resolviora entre las tres Potencias; procur() Im'go tratrar
separadamente con el i\Iinistro de Negocios Extranjeros alcm:i.n y con t l Embaj.tdur
frances, y al fin se limit6 a negociar con aquel i\Iinistro, aconscj,mdo al GoUierno tle 8u
Majestad que biciera las gestiones qmi considerara. oportunas cerca del Gobicrno de l:l
vecina RepU.blica.
Estnba entonces reunida en Berlin la Conferencia africana; representaba en el1a. iL
nuestra patria el ilustre ge6grafo Sr. Coello, y Cl fnC qnien ayuc16 al Sr. Conde de Ucnomar
en sus trabajos, redactando una eruditisimn l\Iemoria, que CnC preseD.tada ai Gobierno
alem.i.n. Este dilataba una oontestaci6n categ6rica, porque el
Annex 53
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rcc]amaba era tambien reclamado por Francia; pero, al fin, en los. comienzos de 1885
imlic6 confidencialmente que cnalquiera que fueee el resultado de las nf'gociaciones con
csta Ultima Potencia, no pcnsabn manteiler las ocupaciones hechas al Sur del rio Campo
y del paralelo corresponcliento .i. la intersecci6n de este con el meridiano 10" Este de
Greenwich.
Crcy6 entonces (18:35) cl Gobierno cspafiol llcgada la ocasi6n de entenderse con el
frances, cl cnal se manifest6 desde lu ego dispuesto a arreglar amistosamente el asunto,
no s6lo en lo rclativo a C:nin ea, sino a cabo Blanco y la bahia del Galgo; pero pidi6 que
la:-1 Autoridatles espafiolas se abstuvieran de todo acto qne pudiera prejnzgar la cuesti6n
pendiente. A consocuencia clc cse rnego, se orden6 al Sr. Montes de Oca y al Sr. Ossorio,
J·l:lprescntante de la Sociedad de Africanistas, qne interrl1mpieran sus exploraciones,
como en cfocto lo hicieron.
l.'ara solucionar el asunto propuso Francia el sistema que acababa de seguir con In•
gl at.erra y Portugal, esto es, el nombramiento de una Comisi6n compnesta de Delegados
de ambas Potencias, y cuyos acuerdos i;erian sometidos a la aprobaci6n definitiva de los
tlos Gobiernos. Acept6 Espaiia: ae rcuni6 la Comisi6n en Paris en :Marzo de 1886; discnti1'
1 hasta Scptiembre <lei mismo aiio lo rclativo :i cabo Elanco1 llegando en ello a un
arreglo, y entr6 a trat.ar lo conccrnientc a Guinea, examinando, en primer termino, el
valor juriUico de los titulos de cada una de las dos Nacionee. Frente a los invocados
par }~spafia, sostenian los franccses que cl tra!a(lo de 1778 s6lo contenia 1a cesi6n de Fernando
P6o y Annobon, y so limitaba, rcspecto <le las costas, :i conceder 3. los espaftoles el
<lerccho tic comerciar; creian que aun estc Ultimo derecho potlian invocarlo tambien Ios
francescs, por11uc Francia hal>ia adherhlo al 'l'ra.t.ado, outenien<lo a.si (conformc a un
:u·ticu lo de Cl) todas las ventajas quo no tenian necesariamente un car3.eter exclnsivo;
traian al plcito nna cart...'\ de ;\.ram.la a FloridaUlan ca, de la cua.l resnltaba qne el ol,jeto
pcrscgnhlo por 103 cspaiioles al adquirir Fernamlo P6o, Annobon y el derecho de co•
merciar en la costa, era el procurarsc negros para sus Colonias de AmOrica; discntian Ia
rnlitlcz tlc nuoRtros contrato~ con los indigenas; in'\'ocabau cl hecho de que Alemania,
qnc respecto .'l Espafia sc La bin limit.a.do :i la declnracic)n tlo qnc antes ee hizo menci6n,
acabal,a de cclebrar (24 do Diciembre de rn85) con Frnncio. un 'frat.ado de limit.ea, rcnunciantlo
il su ftn-or las adquisiciones realizatln.s al Snr tld rio Campo por el Dr. Nachtigal.
:Kncs tros Delegntlos insistian en su interpretaci6n del Tratatlo de 1nS; ponian tle
rclic\'c los Yicios de nulidaU do los pactos celebradcis :por Francia con los indigenas,
pactos en los cuales la. falta cle formaliclades corria parejas con la incnpaciclad de los contratanto:
1, y quo ni hahian sitlo pnblicados, ni siquicra aprobaclos por el President.a de
la Heptiblica ha.;;ta muchos n.i1os dt-spuCs do concluidos. El re&>nltado era que ni en mat"
C" rirl. da interpretaci,Jn, ni en cuesti6n de principios, y hasta ni en punto a la distribuciOn
ge:1gridica do l:l:3 tribus habitantcs de Jae regiones cliaput..ufos, est.aban los Delegados
clo am bas Na.ciones conformes; y al fin, ago tados de una y otra. parte los argumentcis,
acordaron (1887) pasar :i. las solt1ciones pri\.cticas, csto es, al repa.rto del territorio. La
primera proposiciOn espaiiola era tlesde luego inaceptable para los franceses: consistfa
en fijar coma limites cl Munday el Djembe, abandonando asl 3. Francia una comarca·
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pOco ·extellsa, sabre la c'nal apenae habia sostenido Espafia pretensiones, pues annque si1
reclamaci6n comprondia hasta el cabo Santa Clara, habia declarado desde 1870 al Gobierno
£ranees qne no intentaba mantener su soberania m3s allti del :Munda.
A esa proposici6n rcspondi6 la primera francesa, mas inaceptable aUn que Ja nuestra,
pnes noe ofrecia desde el rio Campo hasta Punta Ontomnanie, exigiendonos en cambio
el abandono de cabo San Juan, cnya soberania nos habia ya reconocido. Tai parcci6 esta
oferta, qne se crey6 ver en ella el deseo de los franceses de romper laa negociaciones;
pero la ensancharon, en nna de las Conierencias inmedintas, hablando de poner el limite
en el rio Benito, y hasta de llevarlo al cabo Sau Ju:in, reoonociendo a Espaiia toda Ja
costa entre este y el Campo. Tam:poco se acept6 esta proposici6n, por entenderse que nos
llaba nna regi6n sin puertos ni rios, despojtlndonos de In mtls fertil y rica on vias fluviale.
s, que es la sitnada al Snr del Muni. Pero igualmente reclrnznron los francescs la
oferta que entonces hicieron nnestros Delegados, consistente en Bl!fialar como front era
cl rio Noya, desde sus fuentes hasta el recodo de Goon, y desde alli una. linea recta {L la
costa. Qnedaba asi el Munda para Francia en sue dos orillas, y para Espaiia el Muni y
todo el territorio hacia el Nort-e. Pero ya en aqnella ocasi6n manifestaron los franceses
que el 1\Inni les era necesario, y que no les scria posible aceptar arreglo algnno en qnE'
no soles concedi83e, Los Minist-erios de Ultramar y de l\farina de Espafia indicaron Ja
conveniencia de mantenc-r la primera proposici6n de nuestros Delei.ulos (la linea tlel
Munday del Djembe), mejor:i.ndola con la cesi6n de la isia cle Annobon. El Conacjo de
Yinislros rechllz6 la idea, creyendo que la opiniOn verla con disgus~o esa cesi6n, yen
realidad hay motivo para creer que no hubiera producido efccto algllno en los franccses,
pues 110 aceptnron la nueva propucsta que se les hizo de llcvar la frontera tlesde cl
recodo de Goon hasta bs facntcs del Imana, y destle alli, siguicllllo cl curso tie t•ste rio,
a la costa.
Era esto en Noviembre tlc 1888: fas conferencias vcnian cclebr(mtlose clestle la primera
reuniOn ( en Marzo de .tfSti) -muy cle t~trtlc en tarclc, y habi:m sufritlo tliver;:as interrupciones,
originadas principalmente por ]as muchas ocnpaciones cle lo,;i D1:k::adnR
franceses, quo , adem:\s de su cargo en la Co111i:;i6n, tenian otroa en b AclminisfraciUn
tle su pais. En vista de que no podian llcgar a un acu.Jrtlo con lo:-1 nucstros, dichos D,·lcgados
indicaron la convoniencia de dar por terminatlos su:'I trabajos y somelor b cuesti6n
3. 1m arbitraje, coutin).\'encia prevista ya por el Gobicrno csp::ifiol, quc entonces, si11
ombitrgo, crey6 preferible qno la Co111i siOu sii;lliera discntiemlo y bnscantlo Uase para
un arreglo di recto cntre las Ahas Partes interesadas. Sii;uieron, en cfccto, dn rante alglin
tiempo; pero al fin las conferenci:l:fst: interrumrieron y totla soluci6n 11nedO aplazada
hast:1 que nue,·os inciclentcs en los territorios di sputados y ntlC\'i.l!:I reclamacic,ncs cn!ru
lus dos Naciones, inspiraron al Gobierno fraucl•s cl desco tlL'· apn•surar el tt·rmino \le la
cuesti6n.
• En consecuencia, la Embaja.da de Francia en Madrid dirigiU ;'l cste ~liniistcrio una
Xota en Septiembre de 1890 proponiendo cl arl>itraje. Bien acoghlo el pensnmiento, se
aCord6, sin embargo, que la Comisi6n mixta se reuniera de nue,•o para proponer la
forma en que se habia de eonsignar el acucrdo rel:).tivo a cabo Blanco,~- para que loi:l
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Annex 53
106
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dos Gobiernos tuvieran tiempo de preparar gradualmente a la opini6n a la idea. de
un arbitraje.
La nueva reuni6n de In Comisi6n nose celebrO hasta Enero de 1891.
No foO lJOSible entenderse en lo concerniente al arbitraje, pues nnestros Plenipotenciarios
mantenian la nccesidud de marcar los territorios que habian de quedar sometidos
al juicio <lei :i.rbitro, 0 inclnian naturalmonto en ellos, los qoe en una de las primeras
conferencias habian reclamado, esto es, desde rio Campo hasta cabo Santa Clara, y el
interior hasta cl meridiano 17" Este de Greenwich. Los Plenipotenciarios franceaes alegaban,
por una parte, que no teniau at.ribucioncs para resolver sabre este punto, y pretendian,
por otra, qnc cl :irbitro jnzgase respecto :i. los Elobeys y a los territorios que se
extiendcn dcsde la costa ;'~ las montaiias, dan<lo por supuesto que en el resto del hintcrlmd
(desde !as montaii.as al mericliano 17°) no ofrecia dnda la legitimidad de la sobera•
nia francesa.
Al cabo, en Julio (1891), tcrminaron las conferencias, porque nno de los Plenipotenciarios
franceses, Mr. Girard clc la Rialle, tuvoque salir de Paris; la cuesti6n qned6, pues,
entregada de unevo ,i los Gobiernos.
111.-Eslaulecimienlo del statu qno.
La negociaci6n que iba ;i. empezar tenfa por principal objeto la conclusi6n de un convenio
de arbitraje; pero habia de a.tender tumbien .i regular con entcra claridad la
couducta que ambas Potencias deberian observar, para no alterar on perjaicio de una
cnalquiera de ellas cl est:.tdo de hecho ex.h,tente. Tai necesida<l habla sido claramente
percibida, descle qnc en 1885 se habian puesto los dos Gobicrnos de acuerdo para resolver
las difercncias entre ellos por medio de una Comisi6n mixta, y en e.fecto, las Autorida<
les lie 1-'crnando POo y del GabOn recibierou Ordenes en el sentido de abstenersti de
actos que pudieran infringir el slal1.1. quo. Pero bien pronto surgiO la cliaconformidad en
la manera de aprcciar lo que constituia infracci6n del eata.do de hech9; nuestras Autoridades
entcndian quo lo violaLa la construcci6n de casas para establecimicnto de nuevas
factorias, y c011ce11foabrtu signo clo sobe rania los pabellones nacionales; el Gobierno
francCs, por el contrario, pcns:.1b.'l quc la bandera na.cional podia ser usada como simple
distintivo, y ereia quo cl car:l.cter litigioso clel territorio, que no impeclia la libertad de
comcrcio, no podfa impe~lir tampoeo cl cstablecimiento do factorias francesas 6 espafiolas,
teniendo en cueuta, sobrc todo, que los sU.bditoa de otras Naciones no encontraban
obsticulo alguno prirrt establ~corse, y resultaban, por consiguiente, de mejor condici6n
que los ciudadanos de los dos paises, entre los cualea preciaamente existia la discusi6n
respecto :~ la propiedad del territorio.
Estas observaciones prevalecioron definitivamente en el .inimo del Gobierno espafiol,
aunque no se celebr6 acuerdo formal cntre e1 y el francl's: todo se redujo a que el sefior
Moret y Mr. CambOn, l\Iinistro de Esta.do y Embajador de Francia en Madrid, respectivamente,
convinieron verbalmente en las bases siguientes:
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I.° Completa libertad de comercio pal'a los sllbditos espaiioles y franceses, tanto ~n
tierra como en las embarcaciones (sous-1:oilcs).
2.0 Abstenci6n de todo acto que envuelva la protensi6n 6 ~xpreei6n de sobera~ia en
aquellos lugares.
3.0 Las banderas que uaen las Casas de comercio de ambos paises 6 aquellas qae satisfagan
derechos al uno 6 al otro no serin consideradas como pabell6n nacional, sino simplemente
como col,ores para distinguirse entre si.
Este acuerdo fue confirmado en carta.s particulares entre Mr. Camb6n y el Sr. Moret,
yen conferencias qne aquE!l tnvo con los sucesores de este, Sres. :Marques de la Vega de
Armijo y Dnqne de Tetuin. En 81 se inspiraron las instracciones dadas a los Gobernadores
de Fernando POo; en 81 se fundaron algnnas veces las roclamaciones del Gobierno
francCs y a 81 creia el nuestro qoe debian someterse, no s6lo Ias orillas del l\Iuni, sino las
del Benito, y, en general, todos los territorios en litigio. Asi lo reconociO en Nota oficial
de 1-1 de Febrero de 1891 el Ministro de Nogocios Extranjeros de Francia, 1\Ir. Ribot.
Con la interrnpci6n de laa Conferencia de la Comisi6n mixt..a. (Julio 1891) coincicli6
una discnsi6n de las Autoridade.3 esp.'.l.fiolas y francesas de Guinea, por pretender estas
cobrar derechos en el Munda y manifeslar aquellas que asarian <le la fnerza para impe•
dirlo. En la inminencia de un choque, cada nno de los dos Gobiernos telografi6 separada,
mente a sus Autoridatles en Guinea para impedirlo, y comenzaron nna negociaci6n con
objeto de clarles instrucciones id8nticas, en ol sentido de que, estando ambos paises prOximos
a llevar el asunto total a un arbitraje, clebian absteuerse de totlo acto de fuerza y
no cobrar clerecbo alguno a sus atibditos en el territorio diapntaclo.
Pero las instrncciones no llegaron :i. dariie; cl Gobierno franel!s qniso que el slalu, q1w
se extendiese a los Elobeys; f:l espafiol 1~retendi6 en cambio qne en el arreglo relativo :i.
las instruccione.3 id8nticas se incluyera las tres bases convenidas entre los Sres. 1\Ioret y
Camb6n; surgieron algnnas divergencias en cuanto a la forma de haccrlo; yen vista cle
las proporcioncs y de la complicaciOn qne el asanto iba revistienclo, formalO Mr. Ribot
nn proyecto cle convenio de arbHraje, al cual iba anejo un protocolo sobre ,itatii quo e
instrucciones idCndicas (Diciembre lS!Jl), El :i.rbitro licbla scr el Rc,r cle Dinamarca,
seglln se habia ya arreglado confidencialmente, y cl convenio debia ser rat.ificado por las
C:i.maras.
Nuestro Gobierno hizo algunas obsern1ciones, con si,.;tentes principalmentc en no
inclnir en el convenio el nombre del :i.rbit~o (.i. fin de evitar la cliscusi6n que a~erca de
au augusta persona p~dia suscitarae on los Parlnmentos) y en marcar claramente los
territorios qne oran sometitlos al jtiicio arbitral. El Gobierno francCs no puso obstaculos
a las modificaciones inclicadas, pero no cre,r6 que el momento era ya oportuno para concluir
el conxenio y presentarlo al Foder legislativo. En Jnlio cle 1S!l2 manifesto por
medio del Encargado de Negocios en i\i.adrid, que eataba dispucsto a firmarlo, lo cual
no se hizo, sin embargo, ni se ha hecho luego, sin cluda porque los graves sucesos de
Melilla, la insurrecciOn eubanay las preocupaciones nacidas de la guerra con los Estaclos
Unidos, han impedido .al Gobiern~\ 1~ S. M. dedicar _su atenciOn a otros asuntoa internacionales
de menor importa~c~,a,'.,. ,.,
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Annex 53
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Lo~ franc~ses, entrotanto, no han perditlo el tiempo ni deScuidadO las ocaeiones, y
la SecciOn de Politica podria ofrecer a Y. E. una lal'ga lista de infracciones por ellos
cometidas al o.sta•Jo de hecho, estado del cual pne<le afirmarse qne1 debiendo ser el
mi smo tie hace catorco aiios, es boy r.ulicalmente distinto. Aduanas, pnestos militares,
ofi cinas admini:.trativas de di versos generos, han sido instaladas por nnestros vecinos,
roapontliondo al plan de extender por todos los me:lios posibles su prestigio y au soberania.
Xncstra acci6n en aquell:is r cgiones ha tenido por Unica. manifestaci6n la protesta;
proLesL'l. de nuestras Autori<lades en Fernando POo y en Elobey; protesta de naestro
Gobierno; protesta de nncstro F.mbajador en Paris; protesta unas veces satisfecha, otras
ll iscutida, y !as mas olvidadas al poco tiempo par nosotros mismos. En 1890 pidi6 este
:\Iinisterio al de Ultramar una list.a de Jns casas comerciales establecidas bajo nuestro
protectl)rado en los territorios a que este informe se refiere: s6lo habia una espafiola,
la Comp:1.!lla Transatlimtica. Exploraciones no se ban hecho tampoco; las relaciones con
los imlig,mas ban eido cscasas, porqne nuestras .Autoriclades no disponian de barcos para
competir en actividad con las fr:incesas, ni de dinero para emular au generosidad. El
oxtremo hinterland, el que limla con el Estado in<lependiente <lei Congo I ha sido esta.
iliado, :r puede decirse que descubierlo por franceses , y les ofrece an valor importanti-
8imo, cnal cs de servir de uniOn entre el ('ougo y el Ubangui.
La sitllaciOn es, }lllO:J, hoy roils desfavorable qne hace siete afios, porque si entonces
la opiniOn franccsa reclamaba como indispensable el Muni, hoy reclamad adem3s, y
con la mh,ma O mayor "iveza, el interior, y <1uiz.i. sc oponga tambien a la renuncia
misma de la costa cntro rio Campoy cabo San Juan , en la cnal existen actualmente
intwcsc~ qne en 18."i:'t y 18~2 nose babian creado. Cada dia que 1iase bar:i. m:is dificil la
r civindicacic'.m de nnestt·o 1.lerecbo, y eeta considcraciOn hace pensar en la neceshlad inclmliblo
de ac:tbar con cl presente cstado de incertidumbre.
8\)Jo dos medios hay para cllo: ol nrbit raje de una tercera Potencia y la gesti6n dirccta
(• ntre los dos C: obiernos. En Comisiont's mixtas no hay que pens:t::-: la experiencia
ha dcmo;.it rado quc en ('Sto caso :-;erian ineficaces y <p1izil contraproduccntes.
'.\'11estros dercchos son tie tal trnturaleza que, ann estando ciertos de ellos 1 no podriamJ),;
cntrcgarlos sin inquietud al cxamcn de un :'irbitro. Es preciso adem:is confesar quo
1·1 de.:;cui •lo en que los hemos tenido los despojaril do gran parte de su valor ante un teri
·cro. El litigio so ria, por otro lado, muy largo; Ja exposici6n, ya complic::i.da antes, de
In;; titnloa lle amhm1 Xaciones, sc ampliaria ahora. con Ja necesidad de marcar que ocupaciones
francesas carcccn en absoluto de ,·alide7, por baber sido verifi cadas con infraccit)
n dcl .o::frtln 1/ HQ. Las facn ltadcs <lei ;'lrhitro deber ian, por consigniente, ser muy cxtensas,
1rncs te1Hkia quc cxaminar antecedentes de hocho y de clerccho, interpretarlos,
li jar cl hi11lerlrt11d y partir, en Ultimo cnso, el territorio , si no encontraba (como es
probable) snficicnte razOn para adjudicarlo integro iL uno cle los litigantes. Es de t.emer
quo el Gol1ierno fr:tn cl's, cuyo interUs en ver terminar la situaci6n actunl noes tan vivo
como cl nuestro, encontraria dificnltad en rcc,.mocer tan extensa jurisdicciOn al :irbitro.
Y ai nose la rcconociera, apenas se compren4P, c6mo podria este dar un laudo con pleno
conoc imiento y it. satisfacci6n de Espaiia. ,, : )
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La gestiOn d8 Gobierno it. Oobierno no debera, Por el contrai-io,- examiuar de Iiuevo Ell
aspecto juridico de la cnestiOo, pues de an lado y de otro se agotaron tiempo ha. los ar•
gom.9ntos. Esa gaJti6n tomaria el asunto en el estado en que le dej6 la Comisi6n mixta
en 1891 y proenraria llega.r a un reparto definitivo del territorio, aportando si es preci•
so al problem'.l. nuevos datos quo faciliten su soluci6n. •
Podria, por ejemplo, insinuarse al Gobierno franeCs que el espafiol est.aria <lispuesto it
marcar coma limite Este de sns posesiones no el meridiano 17" Este de Greenwich,
siuo una linea convencional 6 natural (rios y montaiias) que deje cspacio snficiente
para la uni6n entre ol Ubangni y el Congo. Co:no V. E. no ignora, Alemania ha cclebrado
en 1885 y 189-1 tratados con Francia pnra delimitar sns posesiones africanas, cstable•
ciendo como frontera de las del Golfo de Guinea prechamente la linea qne nosotr('IS
conaideramos extremo Norte de lae nucstras, 6 sea el rio Campoy cl paralelo correspon•
diente a la intersecci 6n de este con el merfdiano 10"; pero prolongirndola sOlo hasta ol
meridiano 15" y dejando entre fste y cl 17" un espacio de dos grmlos para qne Francia
pneda penetrar y ens:mcharse en el Ubangui. Al reconocernos Francia la soberania desllo
rio Campo hacia el Sur, podriamos, en lo que al interior se refiere, contcntarnos con
llegar al meridinno 15", dejando entre Cste y los limites del Congo indepencliente una
faja de dos grados prOximamente (unos 200 kilOmetros de ancho), por la cual los franceses
tendrian la uni6n entre el Congo y el Ubangui. Claro es qne esta linea se indica
s6lo como ejemplo y podria sufrir (nun manteni8ndola en su esencia) las desviaciones
que los accidentes de! terreno exigieran.
Otro factor del coal podria obienerae pariido lo constituyeu Corisco y los Elobeys, especialmente
estos llltimos, por su situaciOn en la hoca del ::\luni. Si nos ,·cmos obligaclM
a renunciar ,i. ese rio, sn posesiOn nos seria intitil, mient ra , qne :rn ces iOn podria scrvir
para alcanzar mejores condiciones en cnanto ll la extensiOn dcl liinf('J'{(llld. Respecto ii.
Corisco, sin embargo, no hay qne perder de vista la rclaUva importancia que puedc ofrccer,
por la posiciOn qlle ocnp::i. en la bahia de so nombre.
La isla de Annoboo, pt• r su sit.uaciOn frente al Congo fra.ncl?s y por :m clima salml:tble,
no carece tampoco de valor para entrar en nn cam bit) 6 como comlici \)n del rcconocimiento
de un territorio mayor :'t favor nuestro.
E11 las presentes circnu:;tancias, y sin conocer la actitucl en que cl Gubierno fra.ncCs so
colocaria, cs dificil concretar m,i:1. Sin embargo, nuest ras aspiracioncs habril.n de amoldarse
a las circunstancias.
La concesiOn de ventajas com.N·.:i.-lcs ,i. los franecile.i en Ins torritorios ilispntad os y l'i
rcconocimiento de ellas :i. los cspalioles, son pnntos tlo:! vista qne tampoco th•bcn olvidarse.
De todas suertes, soria preciso que V. E., en nota oficial O .clcl modo qno juzgue 111.i.:-:
oportuno, se dirigiese al Em bajador clc Francia en esta Corte, comunici1mlolc la protc-:=.t,;1
del SnbgObernador de Elobey contra los h<,chos <i,nc han scnido cle pu n to de parthlail ei'IIO
informe, y tomanclo de ellos ocasiOn, e!i: prcsarlc quc el Gobierno de S. ) I , dcseoso tlc vcizanjada
una dificultad que tan desagrn,.Inhles incidentcs ocasiona{foSlle ha cc media siglo,
ss complaceria en conoeer d pensamiento clel Gobicrno francCs accrca de la po~ibi lidall
de un Orreglo basado en las 11roposiciones que en el seno do la Comiei6n mi.x.fa ''Se hiAnnex
53
108
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cieron y en las modificaciones que, a juicio de clicho Gobierno, ·aconsejen las circnnstancias.
Al mismo tiempo convendria dirigirse al Embajador de S. M. en Paris para que coadyuve
al buen 8xito de la gesti6n, solicitando del :Ministro de :N'egocios Extranjeros que
autorice debidamente para ella a. Mr. PatenOtre, y 1irocurando veneer las dificultades
que coma en otras ocasiones pueclau surgir de los Ministe;ios de Marina y Colonfas de
Francia.
Y. E. resol veri.
Conforme:
(Firmado.)-SILVELA.
(Firmado.)-J. PEREZ CABALLERO.
Xon.-Dc con[onnidad con lo propucsto en cste informe, cl Sr. llioistro de Eetado trat6 el asunto
<rerbalmente con el Sr. Ewb;ljndor de Francia en ~Iadrid.
N.0 3
EL EMRAJADOit DE FRANCIA
AL PRESIDEXTE DEL CONSE..JO DE 1IIXISTROS
}l!XISTRO DE ESTADO
( TnADUCCl0'1)
)ladriO. 2-l de Enero de HI00.
Sr. Presidente:
El Gobierno de la Rept', blica ha sabido recicntemente, por un telegmrna de!
Subgobernndor del Congo, que los espaiioles habinn principi:tdo In. construcciUn
de un fnerte en cnho San Jun.n, lugnr situndo en la parte de los territorios
del Golfo de Guinea, riuc son objeto de controversin. entre nuestros dos
paiscs.
Constituyendo estos hechos por si mismos unn modificacit>n _<lei statu quo
convcnido, he recibido encargo de llamn.r sabre ellos In atenci6n de V. E.
Dc.scnndo nnestro )Iinistro de X egocios Extranjeros reanudnr cuanto antes
Ins neg-ociaciones destinadas 6. terminar estas difcrencias, y de acnerclo con su
colega de Ias Colonias, buscn. en este momenta el terreno mhs fa.vorable para
proceder a un arreglo, y espera pocler presentar en breve plazo al Gobierno
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de S. -III. proposiciones que verfamos con gusto dieran por resultado un
acuerdo definitiYo.
Aprovecho, etc.
( Firmado.) p ATENOTRE.
N.0 4
EL PRESIDENTE DEL CONSEJO DE MINISTROS
MINISTRO DE ESTADO
AL EMBAJADOR DE FRANCIA
Palacio 29 de Enero de 1900.
Excmo. Senor:
J\luy sefior mio: En contestaci6n a su atenta nota de 24 del corriente, denuncia.
ndo como infra.cci6n del statu quo la construcd6n de un fuerte por las
Autoridades espn.11ola.s en el territorio del en.ho Sa.n Jun.n , tengo la. honra. de
mnoifestarle que este :Ministerio no tiene noticin. <lf; semejnnte hecho, pero qne
el Gobierno de S. 31. Cat6lica ha realizado consL~ntemente actos de soberanh
sobre dicho territorio sin contradicci6n de! Gobierno frances, cuyos Plenipotenciarios
en la Comisi6n mixta. reunidn. en Paris, descle ISRG 1.i. 1891, reconocieron
vnrins veces el derecho de Espn11a sohre ea.ho San Juan, incluyendolo
como posesi6n espaliola. en los ma.pas que prescntnron en la sesi6n clel 12 de
Noviembre de 188G, consider:i.ndolo como fa l posesi6n en fa notn resumcn de
los derechos de Francia ( aneja al protocolo n.• la de 24 de N oviembre de lX~G),
y decla.rnndo expre~a y formalmente en su :\fomoria, unidn nl protocolo n.n :21,
que considera.ba.n dependencia. de Corisco «el territorio clel cabo San Juan, con
su a.nejo el reino de :Maquici)).
No existe, pues, dh•ergencia. de opiniOn ni puede surgir conflic to alguno
entre Espm1a y Francia acerca. de In sobcrn.nfa de dicho tcrritoriu : y noes-: por
lo ta.nto, posible extender a Cl el sta/;., ,,uo coiffenido entre ambos pnises para.
las regiones que, siendo ~1. la vez recla.maclas por nmbos, podinn <lar origen n
dificultndes.
Al ha.cer a V. E. lns observaciones que nnteceden, y que segnramentc obten•
dran el nsentimiento de! Gobier~? de la Rept'1blicn, _ creo oportuno Barnar de
Annex 54
The French Republic, Letter from the Ministry of Foreign Affairs to the Minister of Colonies
(13 March 1900)

[in margin:
[illegible]
Mr. [illegible]
Response to
[illegible]
TRANSLATION
Ministry
of
Foreign Affairs
FRENCH REPUBLIC
____ . ____
66
____. ____ Paris, March 13, 1900
Office
of
Political Affairs
.
Northern Confidential [illegible stamp dated COLONIES
Sub-Office March 14, 1900] 1st Dept. – 1st Office
[illegible] March 1900
____ . ____ 96 102 - AE
Gulf of Guinea. Disputed
French/Spanish territories
Mr. Minister, my dear colleague,
During our meeting the morning of March 10 at the Ministry of
Foreign Affairs regarding the delimitation of territories on the Gulf
of Guinea disputed between Spain and us, you kindly shared with
me the delineations that you considered the best and that we
should strive to obtain.
They are, in order of preference:
1. the line dividing the waters that, from Cap St. Jean,
would leave us the entire Muni basin.
2. The course of the Muni River.
In the interior, the Spanish possessions would end at the ridge
line used as the Eastern boundary of the Muni, Benito and Campo
basins, i.e., around 10° longitude East of Paris.
You also called my attention to
Mr. Decrais,
Minister of Colonies.
FR-EG 1260_T
WATER STREET TRANSLATIONS
Annex 54
111
TRANSLATION
your Department’s interest in obtaining Spain’s renunciation
of the protectorate it established north of Senegal in the Rio
de Ouro region, and whose delimitation, in the immediate
surroundings of the coast, was the subject of an 1891 draft
agreement that has not yet been signed. You esteemed that
if satisfaction were given to us on this point, we could, in
compensation, allow on the Guinean coast the extension of
Spanish territories toward the interior up to the 13th and
even 15th meridian East of Paris. We would, of course,
avoid including the regions dependent on the Congo Basin,
as determined by the General Act of the Berlin Conference.
As far as the islands are concerned, Corisco has, as you
know, remained outside of the debate for now. The
discussion has only concerned the Elobey islands.
Notwithstanding the result of the negotiations in that respect,
you expressed the desire that no military facilities be built
there, and that Spain should acknowledge our preemptive
right which, in your opinion, should also include the
possessions we would recognize for Spain on the coast.
Mr. Minister, my dear colleague, I place importance in
receiving assurance that the foregoing information
accurately reflects the wishes expressed on behalf of your
department at the aforementioned meeting.
Sincerely, [handwritten]
FR-EG 1261_T
WATER STREET TRANSLATIONS
Annex 54
112
WATER STREET TRANSLATIONS, LLC
10 East 39th Street, 12th Floor
New York, NY 10016 (212) 776-1713
www.waterstreettranslations.com [email protected]
CERTIFICATION OF ACCURACY OF TRANSLATION
This hereby confirms that the foregoing translation was prepared by Karen Brovey, a linguist with
substantial experience in the translation of documents from French into English as certified by the
American Translators Association.
Kent G. Heine, Managing Partner of Water Street Translations, LLC, hereby attests to the
following:
“To the best of my knowledge and belief, the foregoing translation is a true,
accurate, and unbiased translation into English of the French text attached
herewith."
Kent G. Heine
Water Street Translations, LLC
09/09/21
Date
Annex 54
113
■-

Annex 54
115
9/?t~l(;J/t'l'l'
. <)ed
FRANyAISE
c~l~1 eo'{liyeiw
C --·-
__________ ,,,___ ________ .... ,.
COLONIES
1~D0 E--1~B~
'J '. '.) 0 ·)
'!;• 1.o't•l\-t.
,, , ..
e de Guinee. Territoires
testes f'ranco-,espagnols. /.
/ . •· ... LI
V'J '{ .
.
Decrais,
Mo .nsieur l .e Ministre et cher Collegue,
Au 001.irs de l' entretien q:u,e nous avo.ns eu, dans
·_;:>~--~~-- < ,. :_;~ ::;:\
la matinee du 10 de ce mois, aU: Ministere desAf'f'aires
etrangeres, relai:.ivement a la delimi,tatioh des
territoires e .n liti·ge en,tre nous et l"Espagri~ ·sur
le Golf'e de Gui,hee, vous avez bien voulu me f'aire
connaitre l.es traces, que vous jugiez les meilleurs
et que nous devions nous ef'f'orcer d"obteni:r.
Ce seraient par ordre de pref'erence:
lo la, ligne de. partage des eaux qui, partarit .du
Cap St. Jean,nous 1aisse~ssiri de la Mouhy.
2° le cours de la Mouny . "._ , ' .'· • '. :.,: :
f' u A . l1i1lll't~111q !l!s';P()f.fl!.if;~11§l!!}'3/niJld-f;•,j ~rr1R/zr;il~i /2el!f/Je a
f'aite qui sert de limite orien:tale aux bassins de la
Mouny, du Benito et du Campo, c"es:t--a-di:t:'e parenvirori
10° de longitude Est de Paris.
A cette occasion, vous avez appele ''in.cm'
Annex 54
116
sur l'in;teret q_U:'attacherait votre Deparrenonciation
de l'Espagne au
a etabli au nord du Senegal sur
la region du Eio de Ouro
I
et. dont la delimitation,
voisinage immediat de la cote, a :fait en 1891
d'un projet de protocole qui n'a pas encore ete
signe. Vous estimiez que,dans le cas _ou satis:faction
serait do_nnee sur ce point, nous pourrions, a la
de Gufnee, admettre en compensation l'extensio.n
. terri·toires espagnols vers 1, in:t,erieur jusqu' au
meme au 159 meridie·n Est de Paris. On evi:t,erait
bien e'ntendu, d, y comprendre des Tegions
du bassin dU: Congo, tel qU:'il a ete deterl'acte
de Berlin.
Pour ce qui est des il·es
1
corisco est, vous
le savez; reste jusqu,a present en dehors du debat.
La discussion n'a porte que sur les Elobey. Q,uel .
,t que doive ~tre a leur sujet le resultat de la negociation,
vous avez exprime le desir qu'aucun ouvrage
militai:i:ie ne p-0.t _ y ~tre eleve, et que I'Espagne nous
reconn-0.t un droit de preemption qui devrait1 a. votre
avis, ehglober egalement les possessions que nous lui_
reconnaitrions sur la C6te.
J'att~cherais du prix, Monsieur le Ministre
Collegue, a recevoir l'assurance que I'expose
qui precede correspond exactement aux voeux :formulas
au nom de votre Departement Iors de l'entretien preAnnex
55
Letter from the French Minister of Colonies to the Administrator of the Franco-Spanish
Delimitation Commission (19 June 1901)

Instructions to Mr.
Bonnel de Mezières
TRANSLATION
[stamp:] POLITICAL DEPARTMENT [hw:]
CLASSIFICATION June 14
SERIES D BOX 38 FILE 2 1901
telegram
Annex no. -------- to [illegible]
[illegible] Paris, June 14, 1901
462
1st of Colonies
1st to -----------------
No. ------------- dated June 19, 1901 [stamp:] 21
To the Administrator,
French-Spanish Commission
for the Delineation of the Gulf of
Guinea. As you have already been advised,
============= in consultation with the Minister of Foreign Affairs,
I have entrusted to you the leadership of the French delegation to the
joint Commission that is charged with making a delineation of the French-
Spanish possessions of the Gulf of Guinea, in execution of the
Agreement dated June 27, 1900, and which must begin its work as of next July.
In order to facilitate the technical work which the Commission must undertake
and, moreover, in accordance with the desire that you yourself have expressed,
I have designated to take part in the French Committee, under your orders.
Captain Roche, currently at the disposal of the Department of
Colonies, and Mr. L. Duboc,
Mr. Bonnel de Mezières -
FR_EG 1667_T
WATER STREET TRANSLATIONS
Annex 55
119
-
TRANSLATION
Second Lieutenant in the 6th Regiment of the Colonial infantry [illegible].
With respect to the expenses incurred by the operations of the French
Commission, a sum of 105,000 Fr. will be reserved under the extraordinary loan
that is currently being requested in Parliament with a view to dealing with the
various expenses of the delineation. The figure for the salaries and the
compensation that will be allocated to the members of the French delegation, as
well as the division of said sum of 105,000 Frs., were the subject of an estimate
that had been communicated to you previously. You are not unaware, then, that
you have been accorded an escort of 40 men, two of whom will be officers, and
a troupe of approximately 150 porters, who will be recruited through the local
Administration of the French Congo.
Once the extraordinary loan referenced above has been granted by the
Parliament and placed at the disposal of the Department, a delegation thereof
will be made to the Commissioner General of the Government in French Congo,
who will advise you of it.
FR_EG 1668_T
WATER STREET TRANSLATIONS
Annex 55
120
TRANSLATION
22
As for the guideline that you must observe in directing the work of
delimitation, it appears to me that as of now it is clearly indicated. Your role, in
effect, is outlined by the very text of the Agreement adopted on June 27, 1900,
between the representatives of the two powers involved. Article 4 of that
Agreement specifies that the border in question will start at the point of
intersection of the thalweg of the Mouni River with a straight line drawn from the
point at Coco Beach to Point Diéké; it will then rise along the thalweg of the
Mouni River and that of the Outemboni River up to the point where the latter river
is cut by the 1st degree of latitude north and merges with this parallel up to its
intersection with the 9th of longitude East of Paris, which will form the line of
delimitation up to where it meets the meridional river frontier of the German
Colony of Cameroun.
However, I wish to draw your attention to Article 5 of the Agreement,
under the terms of which all questions concerning the relationships among the
neighboring populations of the border, the dispositions
FR_EG 1669_T
WATER STREET TRANSLATIONS
Annex 55
121
TRANSLATION
concerning lighting, marking, management and the use of the waters shall be the
subject of joint arrangements between the two Governments. As far as both the
villages and stations that may be located on the boundary line and the islands
located at the mouth of the Mou[truncated] River are concerned, it will be up to
you to confer with the Commissioners of the Spanish Government and to set
forth in memoranda the decisions that are taken by the Joint Commission on
Delineation.
As you know, it is in Libreville that you will meet the Spanish delegates
and, from this initial contact, you must commit yourselves to set up, together with
them, a working method that allows you to quickly bring to a successful
conclusion the operations entrusted to you.
I have the honor of asking you to kindly send me, through the
Commissioner General of the Government in the French Congo, all of the
correspondence relating to the mission that you direct. Nevertheless, I
authorize you to correspond
FR_EG 1670_T
WATER STREET TRANSLATIONS
Annex 55
122
TRANSLATION
23
directly with the Department in cases of extreme urgency and absolute necessity,
under the condition that a copy of this correspondence is sent by you in a timely
manner to the Commissioner General of the Government in the Congo.
These, Administrator, are the instructions that I have the honor of
transmitting to you. I do not doubt that you will use all your tact and all your
activity to successfully accomplish the task entrusted to you in a region that
recent explorations have already enabled you to get to know./.
Please accept the assurances of my highest regard.
The Minister of Colonies
[signature]
[hw:] Certified copy:
The S/S Head of the Africa Department
[signature]
FR_EG 1671_T
WATER STREET TRANSLATIONS
Annex 55
123
WATER STREET TRANSLATIONS, LLC
10 East 39th Street, 12th Floor
New York, NY 10016 (212) 776-1713
www.waterstreettranslations.com [email protected]
CERTIFICATION OF ACCURACY OF TRANSLATION
This hereby confirms that the foregoing translation was prepared by Eve Hecht, a linguist with
substantial experience in the translation of documents from French into English as certified by
the American Translators Association.
Kent G. Heine, Managing Partner of Water Street Translations, LLC, hereby attests to the
following:
“To the best of my knowledge and belief, the foregoing translation is a true,
accurate, and unbiased translation into English of the French text attached
herewith."
Kent G. Heine
Water Street Translations, LLC
08/25/21
Date
Annex 55
124
■-
Annex 55
125
21.
,:,. ~\ '"1 :"'~; \: -:~ ~ ..
Monsieur l' Adminintrateur,.
;~;-:;, ... ::-:.a ~ ·- ~ii!!!t OC e._ru r t !'1() t :! £ • ..z" ( : i.!:~
P9llll11■ s1on Pranca-espagbole
dj >.o.~himi ,tat;ion, id u , Poli'.e., . de ou1"nli~~ . --··- -~~ ·· . .,_, .. ~.
}ff_!_·_"·::'::-~ --\"'.'.1:i<..,l .L'-: j.) ;_,.;: ~- . r:, ::!(V: :J,
I~1tru~t1ons a II.Bonnel de
~~;,~~~.}~ •, ,1 i: 1: . . L ~{i~a~~-~38 vrius· ·a1·co~rie la 0~irect1on de la do'
c; i\iJ·atid-n ir~c;~~- ~-ij ~ominj.1ss'ion rnixte,qui est
c;~hugJ~ d.~'";';;~1i<1~V. i\ui~ deli~itation. des posses-
0 'sUif~: ':trtinc~·.:e~~~~:CJ~'-du ' golr~- cte Ou:in1$e,en uxcicu'';
i'toii'o.e' i~:C~~Y-~t:i'~~ :a\~ 27 .Jui~ 1900,et qui doit
rnJ~~;n:~-~~ ;;;/ 'i'ia~hux 1
4~~; le; ni~Ys de Juillet pro-
·: .. ,: ,...,:. · · .
qt;_ft~;-:) :: ·j_;_ : i _[ J.;~) C .f
Pour fac.iliter I.ea 't.ravr.1.ux t .echniques auxquals
< i._\ ;,•, C.c ,n ~o1t p~~e'ler la :niiasfon;'in,d'ailleu~s.sui.vant ie
c• ' ~:d,air. que ~~:s ni•~~ei 'vd~s-meJXle exprime,;f'' ai de&igrlt)
·?o,i; .f1.1:1~e ' partie !$DUS VOS ordres de lu Corrmission
F~~(/~'f~•e,M.£~capiti.iiiie Roche,actuellement e. la
dfspo~sit'ion du !)opartement des Colonies,et U.L.Jyboo,
Annex 55
126
~<
' \\
Sous-Lieutenant au 6eme Regiment d'inrunterie Colo-
~ •,nial:~.h.o.-, ,
"
•• . • i ltn oe qui c:~;ri<:~rno l _es _depenaea _ occa:,iionneea : p t:
l.ea operations d~ la.--Ooemdan~on· ,ran9aise,1~ sera~
\. : ,;u .
reserve aur ie' orJdit. extr~i> rdinaire qui est actuell.
ement dem&nde au Par1ement en vuo de faire fac.e
1
·~ • ~, - - .. i..r . .tn:..:· :DJ, ' .I ·~.1 ~~ t ·-~.r: i;\~
: awe diYeraea depenaea de del.imitation,une aomme de
~.:, .!. : ~~ : • ·:::: -:-- - ·. • . ....
. I0&.0.00 Prs .Le~U'f're do la .;soi~~::et 'des indemni-~es
~ ~·1;:; , :::··1 · ·; : · !J ~y r:•v ·· t•;· :_· ·i\ ,: :... . : · i:
- q111 aeront attri'buellaux mem~re.a de ~\ i" 'd._dlega.t1·on
~-f,•'.££ ... . ,:}i.1-.. ,-!~ .t. s ·""! .. ! -?. .Cr!.C t~ ~ _t. ~; :~, 8 V .. ·, : )" .. ... ;:.>.(:; ' ;~ ~-. ,-;; ) ' ·ir : ·:,I · · . · · ··• •• .;__ •
. _1'ran9~!se,_ai_nsi -:tue la repartiti_on de la dite ·•sot:mie
- ~_:fj .:.~J -~,_0 :1 !J~.tO::! ":: i. _i:) .t:J :~•-~ I H ,., ;_; .:.i. :. .?. 1' ·:··..; ~:: t?. ·-- · n.) ·, : .~ .. . -·· ··•-· ···-- ;.:..
40 106.-000 Fris. ont ., ait l' objot "d' tm devia,dont
, ... , ;fx.t i:: :~~G tt:~ i,:~r•,.·u~ ., ,l ~i: !.;.;:;,.ft~ ·:··?·,.. ,v ·.~ ·,_ ::~, ·.t
::,~, r:.;J: .JI.·'.1~ ; i.vf~;8 (~m ~t~,;~~,~~~~~-\ et~~-:~~-~o corm~~!M?.:"·
, ,, -_ - ·._ ,. , ·. V~U8 n ~. 1:anorez point.,des ~.ora~qu'il 'VIDUS est accor'1
- r.1a ·· xc :1 ~ ~ ::J ~f! i:rJ; / ~l; _~rln~ _ Uo 3. tJ..c~: \ A[_~~-~ • r·;:·)fii ·-·"'! .:. ;~ '!".:.:Jt ~:
une .-eacorte de . 40 Hommes dOnt 4,eux grw:i.es, et une
.~..t;~_ r, ts~f; jr_!_t OGE. I f'-t;.;Ta '¥!~ _1:r1) :10( ,i 1•.' • i.1 r:.( , ::) ;• . ..: :.--.b n0.r .
troup~ de, ,150 porteura envfron,4ui sere>nt recrutes.
~: .torn ·~..'.. ~e-n xJ· - \ 1, ." 1.:i a~:..--: ""!r,~ : •!:: ~T;:1 : . :
pa-r l.es · soina de l'"A.drnin1atrat1on loc:.u.e du Congo
. : ! ~:!, • : :_i
F:ranoa1a.
·:r: L,: .. ·: v.: -·~ .1 ?. '· .r
- : Des q,ue le oredH extraordinaire dont 11 est
Gl .1n;..:Vi. r :·-... , ~,-!r.1 till.i ..;• ' b • . J~,tfOLa&t.:·.--: ~l "~ ·r.;":;~ .- ~J '.J· 1:.·.: J _[;;.; ~_ ;:
• _ qu~a~tion oi-deasu& aura eto aooorde p ... r lo Parl 'c.-ient
!. n ~·:.t~?) _.;')· .(:-;' t , i:1,\i .i: ·.; ~{ X 9 0!:?~m- ;: t ; · i;v _:=.~ .. - v .: .. , ' .:· ·'. :1·: · ·,· • .• ::; --\ .~- -. ~:.
et _mis f: la diapoa:Ltiqn du pepartement,uno delcguti '
r:e.tt~:: ~r ·t~qo(\ _i•. i .. n h ~: 9 ... 1i.1··~(. • .-: y '-' <~;J ~! ~:- ? l ~,: ·: t ·•: , , .. - ·: .·· :
· -en aera- faite h fJ.lo Commissui,re General du Gouvars....
l .; ,}ht-; ;·:.i/~l.rn;; J ::, ;..~ ; i._~ r <:.::, o ~·; ---. r1.t. .. ~ • .. • .. ~.:- :"· ~~ • t · : • - ~ ·: . •
nement au Congo ,Fran9ais,qui vous en av1sera.
t OOc';J-t!.~[. ~J. J~~<d £•; .tqoJo·'..°: ::~ · •• ' ·: .; .. :.- ~... •
Annex 55
127
2'2
ciuant a la ;lime -~~- ,con~ui_te que •vous dBYH
" : ·:· . ; . r_ -~~ ·-~- ~'::i. 1 J,.; ~~-' ~ ,; .L...:., " • • '9 • ~ •
• • -·' •• observer -·pc;-ur la dirfJOtion des . t.ravaux do dolimita•
: :~:',!.'.''::.) : .· .··.:;... • _c ~· :_.· .. (.'.._;;; ' .! ::_: ,;·;;· -:i,::i ·;_ x,~;;-.cC ?H ~-_•:J:t'>- -;.: t'-i --' ~·J·'•'·
' Uon,elle me pau-ait des ~aint~~.int9llettement indji-
' \' r :" ~'.""•, · ;, •·•. -:~ rFj" ➔ y' /,, ~)0 :<:;8.f) fc; ~t ;_ ··.1 .·: :·~.::: •• : ' :·: ;r·• ~~~); t U~) • ~
1"~ " _____ .,,. . ···-q ;Jie.Votre role Ht;troUYe,en e_rr~t,tra11•i par l.e texte
., . . ;_ ;_·, : ,;.:+ ... f:li~ .. -1•.• :..; n .~;. .t;:t· h;J .n:~• ~ ~-, .... . ~ •. j:~-;.L' •
meme de la Co.nvenUon passoe l.e 27 Juin 1900 entre
r ,. ;;:, V i ." ,~· ,_;; :: .=.' I~- ~ V;: : •: 1 ;~ • •
lea ~-epronentQJlta d_es deux pμism;mcea.int.ereaaeea.
i, ;;~i~;,: 4 ~~ - oe~t:\ :~.,:~t~on
9
~peoifie que l.a l.1-
;. r: f :!. ' . .:'..>:.a.z; ~. ·, ; ."; t):~ :-; . : ,~- :,.;. :·~ / .;.; ·\ 0 :t : -,;. '.:.:f':J';: J :.~ i' t'-;J ::} •
mite dont 11 a'ogi~ partira du point d1 1nteraection
-. ' :-· ~ ·; ,· .; .: -_;-: -.:~ i '
,. •• -d ~/~~al~g de '1.a riYier~ Mouni a~eo une ligne drc>ite
• • • - r ~; •.~\, ~
.t .:free de la point.a Cooo Beach n la pointe Di.eke;
. ;·; 0 1 .~ ; __ j ::: -~ -~-:·. i•- ,.: :_ • .-r ,'"·· . :'-·•.1 r :-:t
elle r8!Jl0ntera ensuite le ,thalweg de la riviere l.i>uni
~~ :s;;1'ui'"~/~:· r1;1i~e .Outemboni ,usqtt•au point ou
~-J ' •
~ett~ dern1~~8 riviere eat c.o~~o~" pou~ lt\ I ere. fois
•·. ~~- ie l•.,r degrtS d~ lat,~tUde nord et 88 oon1"on4ra
·.: . """
aveo oe partll.lel.e jus1u•a son intersection aveo le
• -9° de 1ongitUde .Kst de Paris. qua 1'omera la ligne
de domarc~~~;~ ;~r.qu~i :a renc: ~;~e aveo la~-
~eridionale do 1a Colonie Al.lenlande du : Cwneroun.
J'ap:pelariti to11te.fois votre attention 1mr l' artiol.
e 5 -de l.~ Convention aux terrnea duquelr.toutes
. • :: ;_; -· . .J
1 .ea questions rel.at.1ves aux rapports antre lea. popul.a,
tions voisines de l.a :frontiers ,les dispositions
Annex 55
128
~~
:::
9 vn -w,,v !H -T ~-oonoern.iuit l•'to1.air~•.le b~iaaee,l' c.l!llent1Bernent et
- ,, Jl,, .tli:r, c• b x: :.n v. ,·J!a ''j~u1i,-~o~ ·4~• • .~~ ·.reron·t l'objet ct'arrangQllen
- 1.ii,.:;,t t n rJ1-n~~ JjHn..; .!n .n~Jn .... \ ,!"t: .. • ... L : ;. .. .. 1. ,' : ... 1 :t·,~.;...::.:
oonoertea entra lea 4eux Go~v•mtJll\enta.Il voua n1-p
ti~;"" •. .; . 1 ~.:,!·1~ : !~1 t ~!V• ;; j• . :;, . ~3 ::~ J.. !)~ . -. .... ~~----l •;
t1ent, t1111t an· oa qu1 concern• lea villuges et
,, .t.: t '\':.~1~:;_I ae peu..-~~;':i~~er sur 111. {~~• frontier• que
no1iJ ~)fJ a .. 1GJrt.t ' S) j f~.i: n-~.-: 11-i": ;.J "'l lJ ·" : J t3.'- • .?. ~ ••• .-• .::::);: ~;. 1 I:,:
- _· _. nement Rapognol et de fixer d~s des prooua-verbaux
·~\ c: c: o ~·-./,;, tru.; ~".;'.'. :) ""-: :.,.!. v i.~ ,·, ~ r~_r-1 ~-:\ .. -'.~·
f'.' j ;',O· : o;I•, rJ. 1•• deuiaiona qu1 11uruient et.e prises par la Comni f
<,;,·.~ 2 _·::rn. i •r _';iion:;I~:• ;~'.-44{~)t~t-;~n. :.- , •
. J_~- :. ,":. t>r t !-ir·,·u .: ·_ .;-.· .. '. .... (~..:.., , _ _; n arre•el" aveo ewe une ~ethodo de trav11il 'lUi VOUI
q.1. ···l~1 v ,J n.o .t i:>_eG""!~.' ;°·~l.' fi0~_. f; • u :- ::; ut l f J.~'j i .i..;., ¥· ~-
-~ - . •• • permet te de mener rapidement h bonne rin lea opor:1-
o n 0 .t .C ;; 1 1;"l :1r'1"'! ◊11;~a ' qu/~o ~~ ~;~/:~~,~ •.
f,:"·1.:t :·.-:)~)~::·~ •: ~- ?. n ' ;Jf ·- -- ~:r_ rrc.t.?i .. ;:·,•,.
J'a1 1'hoV\neur de vous prier de vouloir bien
-~~ r~:.: --: ffi:t:·<! -•~• --~·;•/;-._~.· -:: .. :G J. . J:· :\'.t .r11l.[; __ :,:•· :.:.. :.· •. ''.""-~r:~ ,; t.. •• -- • • < .
me - fidre parven1r, p,u• l' intennediaire d~ !l.le Coin::d
t: •·~:. :'tt,} ..(.J"{t~:.:: .z;- f~'lJr:'.' l{). [ ":').~i-:·,:. :: .•.
saire GunorlU. du_ Go~vf!rnemen_t au Coneo Franc;ais; toll J •
. 1 f;i~t':. ?.: ~- Xl.: -·, f iO { -7 '. · ,_., .
ia oorre&J)Ondanoa relatiYG a la mission ciu• vous
.'1 .~~•:) ; ·:t:.:·( ~-~;.:i-.. :· O'l.f ' - , .... -. _.·:. -, ~ J;~ ••
d1r1gez.Je vous aut.or1ae n6anmo1na a oorreapondl'8
Annex 55
129
I
- 23· aYeo le Depart e111ent direot azaent clans lea oas 4 • extreua
urgenoe et 4' ~solue. neoeadt·o• aoun • reaane.
:iue· copie cte oette correapondanoe • ae~a ooDUnuniquoe
. par voa aoina en temps utile a U.le Cor.11\blaire Go.
neral. ciu oouvernanent au Congo. •
Tel.lea sont ,t1ons1 eu.r 1 1 Adlnini :,t.rat ~r,lea inst
ruoU ons quP. j • a1 l. 1honneur de vous 1,.ransmettre.
3e ne <J(lute paR que vous n' empl.oyiez toμt' votre tact
et toute votre activite pour-mene.r a bien la taohe
qui vous est connee da-.ns une rogion que de recent.ea
explorations vo11s ont pemia de conna1tre dujh./.
Agree~ .Monsieur l. • ldministrateur,lea assurance■
de ma oonsiderat1on tr&s diatinguee.
Le Mini•stre des Colonies•
~ ~~- -
a~~~~---
~ !fs ~ ~ ~<¼A ck e_r~ :
~J~·1

Annex 55 bis
The French Republic, Letter from the French Ministry of Colonies to Ministry of Foreign Affairs
(1 December 1906)

TRANSLATION
FR-EG 1787_T
WATER STREET TRANSLATIONS
MINISTRY
OF THE
COLONIES
-----------
[1]st Department
-----
[1]st Office
-----
[text partially cut off:]
Replies should be […] to
the Ministry and addresses
[…] above.
Congo-Cameroun
Border,
--
Franco-Spanish
Boundary.
---
[stamp:]
POLITICAL
SECTION
[3] DEC 1906
FRENCH REPUBLIC
LIBERTY – EQUALITY – FRATERNITY
---------- [stamp:] 274
Paris, [handwritten:] December 1, 1906
300
[handwritten:]
wrote to Madrid
on December 1906
7th
wrote to [Colonies]
on 5 December 1906
The Minister of the Colonies
to the Minister of Foreign Affairs.
(Department of Political Affairs.)
In a letter dated November 23 of this year, in response to a
communication I sent you on the 17th of this month regarding an
approximately 50-kilometer error in the Franco-Spanish border,
you kindly informed me of your interest in knowing in exactly
which direction the demarcation error occurred and the regions
that are particularly involved.
In the absence of any report from Captain Cottes, my
Department does not have any specific information on this
subject.
However, Commissioner General Gentil, when consulted
[stamp:] POLITIQUE
[handwritten:] 1906/II 38 2
26 4
Annex 55 bis
133
TRANSLATION
FR-EG 1788_T
WATER STREET TRANSLATIONS
consulted once again on this matter, continues to believe that, in
order to avoid border difficulties, it would be advisable to permit
the Acting Lieutenant-Governor of Gabon to go to San Sabel
himself and consult the Spanish Guinean authorities on site in
order to rectify this error.
In bringing this piece of information to your attention, I
would appreciate it if you would let me know if it seems possible,
in accordance with the desire Mr. Gentil expressed, to permit, by
telegraph, the Acting Lieutenant-Governor of Gabon to make
arrangements with the Spanish authorities or, if you consider it
preferable to discuss the matter beforehand, the Madrid Office,
and to begin negotiations in Europe between the two
Governments involved, before giving instructions to the local
administration./.
[signature]
[illegible
margin
note]
[illegible
margin
note]
[illegible
margin
note]
Annex 55 bis
134
---
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CERTIFICATION OF ACCURACY OF TRANSLATION
This hereby confirms that the foregoing translation was prepared by Christine Clay, a
linguist with substantial experience in the translation of documents from French into
English as certified by the American Translators Association.
Kent G. Heine, Managing Partner of Water Street Translations, LLC, hereby attests to the
following:
“To the best of my knowledge and belief, the foregoing translation is a true,
accurate, and unbiased translation into English of the French text attached
herewith."
Kent G. Heine
Water Street Translations, LLC
February 23, 2021
_
Date
Annex 55 bis
135
■-

Annex 55 bis
137
r,!JNISTERE
:t.,ONJ:ES
re PIRECTIOH
r j3UREAU -A. !/,• . Uf'O""'" ~i11t11I ,''he
o.• .. ll,;:11U1u d r,,tt,,
Congo-
REPUBLIQUE FRANQAISE
LIBERTI( - £GALITt - fl\ATE!INIT8
Paris, le 190/
Le Ministre des Colonies
ea <ie la :f'rontiere
co-es-pagnole.
a Monsieur le Minlstre des Af'i'aires
Etrangeres.
( Dirent,ion ctes AJ':faires Poli tiques. )
Par :tettre· du 23 :-rovembre cour~nt ,et en
reponse a une communication ~ue Je vous avais adres~~e
le 17 de ce mois,au suJet ct'une erreur de 50 kilometres
environ dans le trac~ cte la f'rontiere :rrnnco-espagnole,
vous '1Ve7. bien VOUlU 1'18 :faii-e -part de 1 'lnt,~ret
que vous 11uriez a conna! tre ri •une manlere exaote 1.e
sens dans lequel s' eRt produl te .L 'erreI.r de ciAlimi tat
ion ainsi que les r~gions qu'elle se t!.'ouve in7,eresser
d 'une :rag on speciale.
En l'absence de tout ra!)port de M.le CR:!'.)1-
taine cottes ,mon DA!l<1.rtement ne !)Osede 11 ce suJet 9.Ucun
renseienement :9r•icls.
• Toutef'ols,H.le commissaire G,{n+i'.'<:l.l Gentil,
eonsuit,1
Annex 55 bis
138
v--
... ,...--·
., f \-,.,, .- _
' \ /
consulte a nouve'¼U a oet 4gard, perslste ;_ c . roire
que,pour ~vlter des dl:ff'ioult~s de :frcntlere,11 y
aurait int~ret a autor-lser l!.le Lieutemmt-Gouverneur
p.I. du Gabon a se trans:porte!" lui-mei'!e ~l. San Sabel 91
et \ se nonoe!'te!' sur plR.,~e 1nren leA autorl tos de
la ou1n,5e espagnole en vue ci.e l?.. ri,t;if'icatiort de
cette er-reur.
En :vortant cet .. t-e indication a votre oonnaissance,
Je vous serai reoon~aissant de me raire savoir
s'il vous semble !)OS"Jible ,conf'orm1ment -:: u desir
esprlr1J :var M.Gentil,d'ai;toriser,:r>ar la vol:e...t~lBe;raphique,
M.le Lleutenant.-Gouverneur ;.1.t · c1u Gabon a s'entendre
aveo 1es auto:ri t-fo es9agnoles, ou bien 131 vous
JUgerLe?: :r.,r4f'er'3.ble,d'entretenir praalablement de
( la question, le cabinet ci.e :~Rdr1d et d' entruner en
EUrope des n~gociations entre les deux Gouverne:nents
• int0ress11s, a,•ant de donner des instri.1ctions a l' administration
loc~le./.
J
Annex 56
Kingdom of Spain, Letter from the Colonial Section of the Ministry of State (20 April 1907)

TRANSLATION
Ministry of State
Colonial Section 44
The Franco-Spanish Commission that established the delimitation of the continental territory
of Guinea has concluded its work in the form and manner throughout explained in the
explanatory reports that were submitted in a timely manner. As can be seen, the coordinate
calculations were carefully performed by Captains Nieves and Roche, who obtained them
separately and compared them [illegible], accepting or rejecting the results depending on
whether or not they were within the tolerance limits.
Throughout the expedition, the 3 chronometers that the French Commission owned and
the two owned by the Spanish Commission worked in agreement, until the mid-point of the
eastern boundary, where one of the Spanish chronometers showed a marked discrepancy. For
that reason, its readings were not subsequently taken into consideration, and Captains Nieves
and Roche only referred to the hours that were noted
FR-EG 2657_T
WATER STREET TRANSLATIONS
Annex 56
141
TRANSLATION
as being in agreement with the other four chronometers that were duly checked before each
observation.
To verify the aforementioned chronometric times, Captain Nieves prepared to observe
the projected reappearance of the [illegible] moon of Jupiter on the night of September 24. This
operation was hindered by the cloudy sky, but this detail appears in the report of the
aforementioned Captain.
Upon receiving, from the Colonial Section, the task of determining whether, in
establishing the [illegible] of the eastern boundary, some error might have occurred, Captain
Nieves reviewed the [illegible: calculations?] and found them to be correct. Subsequently, if
some error existed, it can only be due to the instruments, and it is impossible to identify, unless
the on-site work is started over, with more time, and under better conditions than those that the
Delimitation Commission was able to benefit from.
And still, it would be impossible to do that, even with a great deal of time, because to
obtain a constant adjustment of the chronometers, it would be necessary
FR-EG 2658_T
WATER STREET TRANSLATIONS
Annex 56
142
TRANSLATION
4 5
that Spanish Guinea be crossed by various telegraph lines, using which we could [illegible]: set
the time at a specific moment, using a fixed station on the coast, at the various observation
points, at the same time as the installation of the internal stations would be verified in a stable
manner, and the observations would be repeated often to obtain an average result.
None of this can be done at the moment, given the situation in which the land is, and
because this precise level of work is the only guarantee of success, neither will we obtain any
security in redoing the work if it cannot be verified under the most exact conditions.
As a form of comparison, the Minister of State provided a map published, by royal
order, by Mr. Enrique d’Almonte, a mining assistant, who was part of the royal Commission
for Western Africa.
This map which showed the indications provided by various reconnaissance work, cannot
be relied upon in this type of dispute, because the itineraries marked on it
FR-EG 2659_T
WATER STREET TRANSLATIONS
Annex 56
143
TRANSLATION
are not established by any astronomical observations, and because moreover, beside
[illegible] incompletely recognized, is very fanciful, because the map goes so far as to
show under [illegible] topographical features that are completely invented.
Additionally, it has a special feature in that the boundaries that are shown as being
officially recognized by the Franco-Spanish Delimitation Commission are not correct because
that map was published when the Spanish Commission was in Paris to harmonize their work
with that of the French Commission, such that the map reproduced some sketches that were
brought to be [illegible] in Paris, where they were partially corrected, none of these corrections is
included on the map published by the Ministry, and it attributes (by royal order) different work to
the Delimitation Commission than what it actually presented.
All of this could have been corrected in a timely manner if that map had not been published in
such a hurry and if the Spanish commissioners responsible for the delimitation had had the time
to
FR-EG 2660_T
WATER STREET TRANSLATIONS
Annex 56
144
TRANSLATION
46
review them, and to give their opinion on this topic, according to the mission they officially
received.
From all of the above, it now appears that the Ministry of State has published, by royal
order, meaning officially, a map that constitutes a particular and very “highly-esteemed” work
of Mr.d’Almonte but which raises doubts and creates confusion related to the other official
work done by the Franco-Spanish Commission […sic] no corrections can be made.
Therefore, the undersigned are of the opinion that, respecting all that has been done by
some and by others, and because it is impossible to verify it, this Protocol signed with France
should be harmonized with the work done by the Franco-Spanish Delimitation Commission
appointed for this purpose, that said Protocol should be considered as being of a provisional
nature, and that it is appropriate to order that for the moment, the boundary will be that which
was established by the Commission, until the country’s situation makes it possible to make
these corrections more safely and precisely, bearing in mind that the true boundary will run as
close as possible to the 1st parallel and
FR-EG 2661_T
WATER STREET TRANSLATIONS
Annex 56
145
TRANSLATION
the 9th meridian as specified in the treaty of Paris of [illegible].
This is the way things have always been done for the delimitation of boundaries, and
improvements [illegible] are likely, the observation methods, the advancements of all types,
[illegible] regions to select, and even the circumstances [illegible] of the moment, mean that the
boundaries demarcations are essentially temporary, always subject to correction over time. In
this case, we are talking about Guinea, a wild and [uneducated] country, which can be perfectly
subject to a provisional Protocol created for an unspecified period of time, and which may be
denounced during its duration in order to establish, if there is a need and a possibility, a new
delimitation, based on the parallels and meridians agreed upon in the first agreement.
Thus, considering the Franco-Spanish Commission’s work as being acceptable now,
the proposal is to accept the boundary as a provisional one where Spain would gain nearly
400 square kilometers, and France’s request for just compensation, in that case.
The undersigned commissioners admit that there cannot be any disadvantage to
FR-EG 2662_T
WATER STREET TRANSLATIONS
Annex 56
146
TRANSLATION
4 7
the southern boundary, instead of following Utamboni’s line until Mitombe, going north along the
Rio [illegible]’s waterway, thus offering France the compensation that it is requesting.
As for allocating [illegible] Island to France, the commissioners consider that there is
no sufficient reason to cede it. The issues of fishing and preventing contraband with this island
as a base is not more appealing for France than for Spain, and the utility to own it if such a
possibility exists for France must exist for Spain for the same reasons.
The situation with this island is clearly determined using surveys that were done to
establish the thalweg [illegible], which means that it is located to the north and in full Spanish
possession, and it must stay there, because, of all the islands in Rio Muni, it is the only one
where the dry land can be inhabited and farmed under good conditions.
Such is the report that we submit to Your Excellency on the matter in question. May God
protect you for many years to come.
Madrid, 8/2/190[illegible]
Signed
Eladio L. Vilches Manuel Nieves
To [illegible] Head of the Colonial Section of the Ministry of State
Certified true copy, Director of the [illegible] Colonial Section [illegible]
FR-EG 2663_T
WATER STREET TRANSLATIONS
Annex 56
147
WATER STREET TRANSLATIONS, LLC
(212) 776-1713
10 East 39th Street, 12th Floor
New York, NY 10016
www.waterstreettranslations.com [email protected]
CERTIFICATION OF ACCURACY OF TRANSLATION
This hereby confirms that the foregoing translation was prepared by Corrine McKay, a
linguist with substantial experience in the translation of documents from French into English as
certified by the American Translators Association.
Kent G. Heine, Managing Partner of Water Street Translations, LLC, hereby attests to the
following:
“To the best of my knowledge and belief, the foregoing translation is a true,
accurate, and unbiased translation into English of the French text attached
herewith."
Kent G. Heine
Water Street Translations, LLC
09/13/21
_
Date
Annex 56
148
■-
Annex 56
149
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',.
Annex 56
154
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&I e~ ~.· i-·~ a. ..4J7·c......_, -~z..r ~"'~
• C)(U,;..4 ~ 7Ut--V~ /4 hZ~~~ : ~ ~-
H~•p~ ~~ ~ ~~u, -4
~~~ J7~-c-~1~ ~,-iArA 4-( ~u.
ur~ ti?~J,~ ,t,{_/1.4~~ ~"'-~ t
~ -..:,~~, f.,<.,(~ li - x'uz..cu k /,w~·~1
T.P.4 .
~~~ rM"'r, k'-1·~____, ~f~ «,i._ A
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fr¥ jl ?!M, f~~ jcrl4c~ , ,ee:/4 ·~w.-
,,, ~ ~fu,.u hlu.c4~ ~ '-",M.., tJ-,«-?-.
~ JJ. j.Acal~ ~ 1 ,,ytf if,._ IA.a~-:{;~ p 71,-&·&
([ ( Uw /A..,0(/4,V# d..t, i~,M .. l~---W~ ~~ ~
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Annex 56
155
I
V.
:.A
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tr'/tf.d,u,.~ /lMtjμ ·a' Jtu·~ / ~~ Cl.4... t~ ~
~~ ~ eo~ ~ ~·"l! { 'Y~! , ~~ell /.,¼.c,~
CL.'~ 0-~ ~ e'(7~-l(-,.,. P-4- '.dA ~-
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pv-,., u urk. ✓~~ ..4 );.e-:L .q u tt?~,~ ~ 4\..
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t¾~..uciPf..·~-t..r/4,.u.r"''~ ?1'df:'- .u.~~ ~~
I,. (f ~ ,lo;,Jz ... ~ &., 1r4 ....... .e < ,,,f'"r ?"<- Q,, w. .... ,!)"71
et ;,,·~(I.£:~ Mo Ct.-t4 ~ .,-'Yt ~-~ ~~·
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"'' Juiw.., ~vw- ~...,.,,._ , ✓ f4. ,k l,J.,r; ,~ &,-"It , u~ &~
''\

Annex 57
A. Barrera, “What They are and What They Should be: the Spanish Possessions in the
Gulf of Guinea” General Marine Review, Conference of the Royal Geographic Society
(November 1907) (excerpt)

Annex 57
159
TRANSLATION
WATER STREET TRANSLATIONS
GENERAL
NAVAL
REVIEW
NOVEMBER 1907
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Pgs.
THE BATTLE OF TRAFALGAR.— P. Alcalá Galiano………………………………………….. 865
SAN CARLOS NAVAL HOSPITAL. Health Clinic. 1906.— A. Síñigo………………………… 890
DIRECTIONAL TRANSMITTER SYSTEMS.— A. Espinosa de los Monteros…………………. 909
GEOMETRICAL PROBLEM.— A. Pardo………………………………………………………... 917
THE BATTLE of Tsushima, According to Semenoff.— Translated by Second Naval
Lieutenant Sermo. Mr. Duque de Montepensier……………………………………………
945
THE ARGENTINE FRIGATE Presidente Sarmiento and Necessary Studies for a Military
Naval Career.— A. Cervera Valderrama……………………………………………………
972
COMPARATIVE STUDY of Organic Naval Laws.— S. Montojo y Montojo…………………. 979
THE NAVAL PROFESSION.— Bradley A. Fiske.—(Translated from The Proceedings of
the United States Naval Institute)……………………………………………………………
1009
WHAT THEY ARE and What They Should Be: The Spanish Possessions in the Gulf of
Guinea.— A. Barrera………………………………………………………………………….
1050
News of the foreign professional press…………………………………………………….. 1066
Journal Summaries…..……………………………………………………………………….. 1110
Bibliography……………………………………………………………………………………. 1117
Annex 57
160
TRANSLATION
WATER STREET TRANSLATIONS
WHAT THEY ARE… 1053
A reduction in personnel, which can be achieved with no harm to
administration and governance, would generate another advantage that would go
a long way toward improving many services, for which there will surely be
exceptional people who aspire to hold those posts. These should be the people
sent to propagate our civilization, to teach the inhabitants what the words work,
family, honor, Homeland, King, etc. mean in life, and who, for the sake of
patriotism, sacrifice themselves to the rigors of the climate, in providing a service
to their country.
I doubt that these sorts of people cannot be found, as I do not believe that
patriotism has abandoned us. We have so many examples in our history who
teach us that Spain has never wanted for thousands of Spaniards who have
sacrificed their comfort to go out to spread our civilization, to go out to colonize;
and if our efforts toward civilization have been viewed badly on some occasions,
today, any detractors we have so unfairly had are the first to recognize the
advantages of our colonization, and seek within in the tenets that must serve to
guide them in continuing it.
In speaking about the rigors of the climate, I must say that this is one of the
topics that has provoked the most imagination when writing about Fernando Póo
and its dependencies. It seems that there has been much determination to cast
this country in a light in which by merely mentioning it the fevers take hold of us,
and the thought of going causes our hearts to sink as we try to drive out the
thought that this country exists, leaving it only to the unfortunate, who are looked
upon with pity by other Spaniards because they must go there in search of their
bread and butter. While the climate is not good, it is not as bad as it has been
made out to be. The Spaniards and foreigners who go try it out and stay there,
and the missionaries who went and have remained there, serve as an example
that its evils are not so great. This simultaneously allows us to see that moderation
and good habits are the main components of good health for those who do not
have to toil in the fields.
There is no question that the climate is not excellent, and that one does not
adapt to it, but as time goes on and hygiene continues to be implemented, the
conditions of the country are improving, and will improve even more when it
Annex 57
161
TRANSLATION
WATER STREET TRANSLATIONS
1054 GENERAL NAVAL REVIEW
becomes more sanitary, when communication becomes more frequent and when
life resources are in better supply. These improvements will be attained when
those who live independently make the sacrifices for their Homeland that it
deserves and go to the colony, as it is a duty of any good Spaniard to ensure that
the only remnant of our colonial empire flourishes and prospers, setting it apart
as a model of colonization and development for generations to come.
Our work in these possessions may be divided into two large groups: the
administrative and the political aspect. I will begin by sharing an idea of the
colony’s administration, and will conclude by speaking about the state of
agriculture and what, based on my knowledge and belief, could be done to foster
development of these territories, which are found in a fully primitive state, where
their inhabitants and their land are so different, as nothing—neither the conditions
of the country, its people, nor their customs—is the same on the islands and on
the mainland, apart from the lush vegetation that is characteristic of tropical
countries.
The Colony’s Administration may be divided into two groups: one, the
colonial Section that directs the policy and administration of the Territories from
Spain; and two, their administration per se. In order for this administration to be
developed and sustained, the State subsidizes the Colony annually to the tune of
two million pesetas for all items considered, with approximately five hundred
thousand of those going to the colonial Section for staff and materials, not
counting the communications service (248,500 pesetas), and the remainder is
divided among the various branches of the administration of those territories,
which fall under the command of a Governor General.
This remainder is divided into various portions to sustain and maintain the
Secretariat of the Governor General, a Postal Authority, a colonial Labor Office,
a Treasury Authority, a Customs Authority, a trial and magistrate court, a
municipal court, a police force, an Office of Public Works, the Missions, Education,
Health, Military Services and Port Captaincies, in addition to the Sub-
Governments of the districts of Bata and Elobey, and the delegations of San
Carlos in Fernando Póo, Asobla in the Muni, and Annobon, also
Annex 57
162
TRANSLATION
WATER STREET TRANSLATIONS
WHAT THEY ARE… 1055
sustaining a communications service in the Gulf of Guinea subsidized with
250,000 pesetas.
The Secretariat of General Government is entrusted with a multitude of
matters that give rise to the functions of the General Government. These are
complex matters, and are not only extremely important, but the plethora of
administrative formalities require constant work so that one does not fall behind,
and also so that all rulings and decisions that must make up the natural
precedents for the Government are recorded, in addition to carrying out the
executive duties that make up the Colony’s Government.
It is well understood that a single person cannot be in charge of such
significant matters and at the same time hold the post of Property Registry Official,
as each of these tasks on their own could occupy his attention, aside from the fact
that the Government may have to intervene in court proceedings stemming from
land matters. It would seem natural that both positions would be separate, and
that the Registry, an even more important responsibility than the Secretary
position, given that it forms the foundation of ownership in the possessions, would
be given a property Registry Official, who, after attending to the establishment
and organization of the office, must record, in accordance with what the Law
requires, property titles, which would form the basis for all legislation, and serve
as a guarantee for those who wish to use their capital as a mortgage, thereby
helping farmers who, lacking resources, are in large part on the brink of ruin. The
separation of these positions is so logical that in Spain it is not enough for one to
be an attorney to hold the position of registry official; one must study and pass
special exams, and not all reach this goal. If this happens in Spain, is it not more
natural for this to happen there, where ownership is just beginning to come into
being, and where a lack of experience or the overwhelming workload of those in
charge of the Registry could result in procedural and conceptual errors that cannot
be remedied without seeking judicial intervention?
The case is the same for the Secretariat of the Land Board. This post has
always fallen to an official from the Secretariat of General Government, and his
role cannot be neglected because of this circumstance. Because the land issue
is perhaps the most important of all the issues dealt with in the territories, if the
numerous case files are not processed,
Annex 57
163
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www.waterstreettranslations.com [email protected]
CERTIFICATION OF ACCURACY OF TRANSLATION
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linguist with substantial experience in the translation of documents from Spanish
into English as certified by the American Translators Association.
Kent G. Heine, Managing Partner of Water Street Translations, LLC, hereby attests to the
following:
“To the best of my knowledge and belief, the foregoing translation is a true,
accurate, and unbiased translation into English of the Spanish text attached
herewith."
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Water Street Translations, LLC
09/19/21
_
Date
■-

Annex 57
165
,
REVISrf A GENERAL
DE
MARINA
JSTC>~:J:E1'il:BB.E, l.807 .... ~ - ...... ...
Xl.""'1 JOXC:£
Pag_~:
EL COMBATE DE TRAFALGAR.-P. Alcala Galiano..................... 865
HOSPITAL DE MARINA de San Carlos. CHnica medica. Ano 1906.-A. Siiiigo...
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 890
SISTEMAS TRANSMISORES de rumbo.-A. Espinosa de los Monteros..... 909
PROBLEMA GEOMETRICO,-A. Pardo ...... :.......................... 917
EL cm.mATE de Tsushima; scgun Semenotf.-Traducido por el Alterez
de navio Sermo. Sr. Duque de Montpensiei................... 945
LA FRAGATA a•:gcntina Presif!e,.te Sarmiento y los estudios 'necesarios
para la carrera naval milita1:.-A. Cervera Valderrama........... 972
EsTUDIO comparado de !eyes navales organicas.-S. Montojo y Montojo
..... ; .................................... : ........ •........ 979
LA PRO~'ESI6N naval.-Bradley A. Fiske.-(Traducido de The Pl'oceerlings
of the United State_s Naval fostitute.) . .. , . , , , .... , , ....•.. , , , , , 1009
Lo. QUE SON y lo quc deben ser las posesiones espaiiolas del Golfo de
Guinea.-A. Barrera ............................ ·.:............. 1050
Noticfas de la prcnsa profesional extranjera........................ 1066
Sumarios de Revi stas ....... ,_. .... .'. ...................... , . . . . . . . 1110
Bibliografia, ................ _ ............. , .............. , 1117 •
Annex 57
166
LO QUE SON .... 1033
• La flisminucion clel personal, que pu,ede hacerse sin -perjuiciu
para la administracion y go1?ierno de aquella, produciria una
ventaja mas, y serfa la no peqtrnna de mejorar muchos servicios,
con lo que seguramente habrfa pe1:sonas de condiciones excepcionales
que aspirasen a aquellos destinos y que (t ellos fueran {t pro-·
pagar nuestra civilizacion, a ·ensefiar a aquellos naturales lo q uy
representan ·en la vicla las palabras•trabajo, familia, honor, Patria,
Rey, etc.-, y que en aras del.pa:triotismo se sacrificasen~a los rigores
de aquel clima, prestando un servicio a s'u pafs.
Dudo que no se· encontrase personal. de estas condiciones,
pues no J)Uedo creer que el patl'iotismo haya hufdo de nosot:
ros, que tantos ejemplos tenemos en nuestra Historia, que nos
ensyii.an que en Espana jamas ba'faltado y que ft elhan sacrifi.cado
millares de espanoles su comodidaci. para ir a \lifundir nuestra
civ_ilizaciou, para ir a colonizar; y si nuestros esfuerzos en pro
de la civilizacion han-sido mal apreciados en algunas ocasiones,
hoy, los detractores q ue tan injustamente hemos tenido, son .los
primeroi:\ en reconocer !as ventajas cle nuestra colo~izaci6n yen
ella buscan los preceptos que les han de servir de norma para continuarla.
Al hablar de los rigores cl.al clima, he de decir que. este es uno
de los temas sobre que mas se ha fa!)-taseado .al oscribir acerca de
Fel'Ilando P6o y sus ciependencias, pare'ciendo que ha habido em-
• peno en pintar ft aquel p~fs con condiciones tales, que solo con hablar
de el las fiebres se apoderan de nosotros, y el ,pensar que :i el
se puede ir encoge el coraz6n y se procura apartar de la imaginaci6n
que tal pafs existe, dejandolo solo para los desheredados de
la fortuna, que son mirados con lastima por el resto de los espafio- - ,
les solo por tener que ir a buscar alli el pan de cada Q:ia; y si aquel
clima no es bueno, tampoco es _tan malo como se le pin ta, lo prucba
los espafioles y'extranjeros que alli van y que alli se quedan, y ,
' .
un ejemplo de _que su malclad noes tan grande n~s lo clan los misioneros
que alli fuero11; y allf coutinuan, haciendonos ver al mismo
tiempo que la.morigeraci6n y las buenas costumbres i:\Oll los principal_
es agentes de una bue11a-salud para quien.no tenga que trabajar
en el campo.
Es indudable que aquel clima noes una cosa excelente·, lo es
tam bien que no se-aclimata uno a el; pero a medida que los tiempos
v.an avanzando y que la higiene se ·va imponiendo, las condiciones •
de aquel pafs ~an mejorando,,y mejor!!,ran mas el dia que se bigieAnnex
57
167
. 1054 · REVISTA GENERAL DE MARINA
nice, el'dfa que con mayor frecuencia en las_ comunicaciones ·y
mayores recursos de vida se obtenga una mejor alimentaci6n; y
estas mejoras se obtendran el dfa que a la colonia vayan aquellos
gue con•ina"ependencia en la vida hagan por su Patria los sacrifl.cios
que fda misma se deben,· sienclo i.1110 de los deberes de todo,
buen espanol, hacer que lo ii.nico que nos resta de nuestro imperio
colonial florezca y prospere, dejandolo como· un model◊ de colonizaci6n
y explotaci6n por ias generaciones futuras.
En dos grandes agrupa<Jiones. se puede diviclir nuestra lab or
en aquellas posesiones: fa aclministrativa y la polftica; • empezare
JJOr dar una idea de_ la administracion dy la colonia, para concl11ir
por hablar del estado de la agrjcultura y de cuanto, segii.n mi le~l
saber y entender, podrfa hacerse en pro del desarrollo de aquetlos.
tMritorios. q ue se hallan en el estaclo primitivo i:nas completo, y
en los que sus habitarites y su suel9 reunen concliciones tan distintas,
ya que ni las condiciones del pafs, ni sus naturales, ni las
costumbres de estos, ni nada, es igual en las islas y en el Qcontinente.
fuera· de la lujuriosa vegetaci6n propia de los paises tropi-
.. .
· cales. ,
La Administraci6n de la Colonia puede divic!irse en dos grupos:
imo, la,Secci6n colonial que desde Espana dirige la politica
y administraci6n de los Territorios, y • otro, la adrriinistraci6n
propiamente dicha de ellos: para el desenvolvimiento y sostenimiento
de esta administraci6n, el Estado subvenciona anualmente
a la Colonia con dos millone3 de pese~as, calculandose en quiitientas
mil; pr6ximamente; los ingresos que por todos conceptos
s3 e;onsideran, cledicando a la Secci6n colonial para personal y
material, sin con tar el servicio de comunic~ciones, 248.5OO_pesetas,
y el resto se reparte entre los distintos rainos de la administraci6n
de aquellos territodos, puestos bajo el mando de Llll Gobernaclor
general.-
Este resto se divide en ·varias partes para el sostenimiento y
entretenimiento de una Secretarfa del . Gobierno general; una
Administraci6n de Correos, una Curaduria· colonial, una Admi-
.. nistraci6n de Hacienda, otra de Aduanas, un Juzgado de primera
iilstancia e instrucci6n, un Juzgado municipal, uii Cuerpo de policia,"
un Negociado de obras pftblicas, las Misiones, Instrucci6n, Sa-·
nidad, Servicio militar y,,Qapitanfas de pnerto, mas los subGobiernos
de los .distritos de Bata y Elobey y·las delegaciones do
San Carlos en Fernarido P6o, Asobla en e.I Muni y Annobon, sosAnnex
57
168
LO QUE SON ... 1055
teniendo adem:'is un servicio de comunicaciones en el Golfo de
Guinei subvencionado con 250.0G0 pesetas.
A la' Secretarfa del Gobierno general est:'in encomendados la
multitud de asuntos a que dan lugar las funciones del Gobierno
general, asuntos complejos, y no solo de gran importancia, sino
de· multiplicidad de formas administrativas que hacen preciso un
asiduo trabajo para que, no solo no sufran retraso, sino para que'
quede constancia de los precedentes y resoluciones que deben
formar la natural jurisprudencia de aquel Gobierno, que une a su
representaci6n las facultades ·ejecutivas que integra: el Gobierno
. de la colonia.
. • Se comprende' muy bien que u_na sola persona no pueda ten er
a su cargo asuntos fan importantes, y que al mismo tiempo desempefte
el destino de Registrador de la Propiedad, ya que cacla
uno de ellos por si s019 basta para ocupar su atencion, aclemas
(le que el Gobiemo puede tener que intet·venir en alguna acci6n
/ .
judicial procedente de asuntos de terrenos, parecienclo natural
que ambos cargos fu.esen independientes y que al Registro, cargo
aun mas importante que el de Sect·etario, puesto que es la base
de Ja pl'opiedad _en aquellas posesiories, S.!) destinase un Registrador
de la propiedad, el que despues de dedicar su atenci6n al arreglo
y organizaci6n de la dependencia, anotase con los requisitos
que la Ley irripone, los titulos de propiedad, 10· cual serfa la base
p_ara toda legislaci6n,,Y una garantfa pal'a aquellos que deseen
emplear sus capitales en sentido hipotecario, ayudando asf a aq uellos
agricultores que_, faltos 'de rEicursos, estan en su mayoda amenazados
de ruina; y tan 16gica es la sepamci6n de ambos cargos,
. cuanto que en la Peninsula no basta ser Abogado para ser Registrad_
or; hay que hacer estu_dios y oposiciones especiales, y no todos
Hegan a la meta, y si esto sucede en la Peninsula, 6no es mas natural
que ocurra allf donde la.propiedad empieza a nacer, y d011de
la impericia 6 el exce~o de trabajo de los encargados del Registro
puede dal' lugar a errores de forma y concepto que nose pueclan
snbsanar sin la intervenci6n de la acci6n judicial?
En el mismo caso se encuentra~ la Secretarfa de la Junta db
'terrenos, cuyo destino ha venido recayendo siempre en un fun -
-cionario de la Secretaria del Gobierno general, sin que por ello
pueda desatender su cargo, y siendo la cuesti6n de terrenos la
mas importante quiz:'is de todas las que se ventilan en aquellos
torritorios, sin. que se despachen los numerosos expedientes que
Annex 58
Kingdom of Spain, Letter from the Minister of State Concerning the Borders of Congo and
Spanish Guinea (20 April 1907)

Annex 58
171
TRANSLATION
Signed
April 20, 1907
Letters from the Minister of State
Concerning
the Delimitation of the Congo and of
Spanish Guinea
FR-EG 2650_T
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4 0
Annex 58
172
TRANSLATION
Ministry of State Madrid, April 20, 1907
41
In response to your communication of last March 21, I have the honor of informing you
that this Ministry has not yet sent a definitive response to the notes that it received from the
Embassy of the Republic, on the topic of the delimitation between French Congo and
Continental Spanish Guinea, for the following reasons:
Soon after this department received the documents and maps referring to the said
delimitation carried out by the French and Spanish representatives, it was decided that a map
of Continental Spanish Guinea would be prepared using all of the data, details, and
information that had been collected.
To this end, information was requested from the French and German governments,
and, in creating this map, the geographer Don Enrique d’Almonte noted considerable
differences between that information and the information provided by the Franco-Spanish
Commission.
Locations, that, according to the work of that Commission, appeared to be located
quite close to the 9th meridian east of Paris appear, in the itinerary of the German
representative Mr. Foerster, of the Franco-German Commission of
FR-EG 2651_T
WATER STREET TRANSLATIONS
Annex 58
173
TRANSLATION
delimitation between French Congo and Cameroon done in 1901, were located much
closer to the Atlantic Ocean coast.
Additionally, the work done by [illegible], a French Missionary from the St. Esprit
congregation, also shows a shift to the west, meaning toward the Atlantic, much more [illegible]
than the itinerary of the aforementioned Franco-Spanish commission noted as close to the 9th
meridian east of Paris.
To clarify these discrepancies that consequently prevent this Ministry from definitively
approving the work of the aforementioned Franco-Spanish Commission, we have called on
Messrs. [illegible] and Nieve, members of the commission, and on Mr. d’Almonte, who drew
the map of Continental Spanish Guinea.
These gentlemen wrote the attached report, which did not provide us with any
notable clarification to alleviate the doubts that the aforementioned discrepancies
raised.
Therefore, this Ministry, wishing to clarify this issue before responding as suggested
in the notes from the Embassy of the Republic, has decided to explore the hinterlands of
Continental Spanish Guinea.
The authorities in the Bata district have [illegible] the expedition that did not reach the
locations whose
FR-EG 2652_T
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Annex 58
174
TRANSLATION
4 2
[illegible] has been astronomically established by the Franco-Spanish Commission of 1901, due
to the bitter war that the [illegible] tribes were involved in, with the result being that there was
such a significant food shortage that it was no longer possible to feed the porters or the
soldiers. It was necessary to intervene: [illegible] and with perseverance, to stop the war and
wait for the necessary time to pass, so that with new harvests obtained, the indigenous tribes
were able to provide food to the explorers.
It was thus that the Spanish and German Commission which delimited the boundaries
between Cameroon and Spanish Guinea, and also most of the representatives from the French
delimitation mission commanded by Captain Cottes, who crossed the aforementioned Spanish
colony during their recent travels to return to the coast, were able to obtain food.
In June 1906, the Ministry decided that Don Enrique d’Almonte would go to Spanish
Guinea on a special study mission, which was completed following proposals from the German
Government so that the delimitation between Cameroon and Spanish Guinea could proceed.
When beginning the work, it was found that the itineraries that were supposed to be
followed crossed those of the 1901 Franco-Spanish Commission.
FR-EG 2653_T
WATER STREET TRANSLATIONS
Annex 58
175
TRANSLATION
Thus, from [illegible] on, the situation can be considered exact going toward the interior, the
itineraries were measured, instead of evaluating them using a [illegible], to do the
astronomical observations [illegible] to establish the location of the important points.
The result was that the German and Spanish representatives encountered various
localities much closer to the coast that the 1901 Franco-Spanish mission had considered as
being close to the 9th meridian east of Paris, and whose distance to the coast was reduced by
almost half as the attached sketches show.
We must also note that, near the [illegible] as on the boundaries of French Congo,
Cameroon, and Continental Spanish Guinea, meaning where the 9th meridian east of Paris
crosses the 2nd parallel 10’ 20” north latitude, [illegible] the French Commission commanded by
Captain Cottes and the German and Spanish representatives encountered an area irrigated by
the Kié and its tributaries (the Kié is a tributary of the Rio [illegible] or Campo) where the 1901
Franco-Spanish Commission placed [illegible] island in the said Rio Campo, which today is
located much closer to the [illegible].
In light of the above, the Ministry has decided, in order to better clarify the question,
FR-EG 2654_T
WATER STREET TRANSLATIONS
Annex 58
176
TRANSLATION
4 3
to do the following:
Using the information provided by the Franco-German Delimitation Commission and the
Franco-Spanish Commission of 1901, the work done by French missionary Mr. P. [illegible], and
the itineraries and report concerning Continental Spanish Guinea and the surrounding region
relative to French Congo and Cameroon, [illegible] the French, German, and Spanish
delimitation commissions that worked from 1906 to 1907, an overview map will be prepared,
which will include the results of the well-reasoned discussion of the above-mentioned [illegible]
documents.
To this map will be attached a detailed report of the discussions and a comparison of the
aforementioned documents.
As soon as the said report and map are completed, we will send your embassy a copy,
along with a study in which the government of [illegible], relying on the said report and map, will
propose to the Republic a tracing of the natural boundary that runs as close as possible to the
9th meridian east of Paris and the 1st parallel north latitude.
FR-EG 2655_T
WATER STREET TRANSLATIONS
Annex 58
177
TRANSLATION
There is no doubt that due to what has been presented above, the Embassy of the Republic
[illegible] account of the impossible situation in which the department finds itself, in terms of
giving a definitive response to the notes that have been kindly sent to it on this topic.
It was not possible, in essence, to treat a question of this importance lightly, to
approve or reject the work of the Franco-Spanish Commission of 1901, [illegible] an [illegible]
of the value of the work that it completed.
Additionally, in-depth reviews and studies are necessarily slow, and the Spanish
representatives have had to [illegible] for the past 9 years, to [illegible] arrive at the conclusion of
the border line [illegible], and in addition, to safeguard the interests of both France and Spain.
The department, additionally, would be very pleased if the French representative could
produce a [illegible] work, and could devote all of the [illegible] necessary time to this.
Signed: Manuel Allende Salazar
FR-EG 2656_T
WATER STREET TRANSLATIONS
Annex 58
178
WATER STREET TRANSLATIONS, LLC
(212) 776-1713
10 East 39th Street, 12th Floor
New York, NY 10016
www.waterstreettranslations.com [email protected]
CERTIFICATION OF ACCURACY OF TRANSLATION
This hereby confirms that the foregoing translation was prepared by Corinne McKay, a
linguist with substantial experience in the translation of documents from French into
English as certified by the American Translators Association.
Kent G. Heine, Managing Partner of Water Street Translations, LLC, hereby attests to the
following:
“To the best of my knowledge and belief, the foregoing translation is a true,
accurate, and unbiased translation into English of the French text attached
herewith."
Kent G. Heine
Water Street Translations, LLC
09/13/21
_
Date
■-
Annex 58
179
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Annex 59
Letter of the Minister of State of the Kingdom of Spain (18 May 1908)

TRANSLATION
[in margin: Elobey, May 18, [illegible]]
To His Excellency the Minister of State
May 18, 1908
Dear Sir:
In response to the respectful message from Your Excellency number [illegible] dated
March 30 advising me that the French have proceeded to occupy the islets of M’Bañe
and Leva [illegible] to Corisco Island [illegible] and that I shared with Your Excellency
[illegible] a cablegram dated the 7th of this month that it is not true that France occupied
said islets of M’Bañe and Leva, which the Sub-Governor of Elobey informs me that
[illegible line] the authorities of the [illegible] of Gabon sent the war ship [illegible name]
with several officials on board to examine the above-mentioned islets, going as principal
[illegible] of the expedition Mr. [illegible?], head of the Gabonese Government cabinet,
and Mr. [illegible] of the French Navy, who performed reconnaissance and drew maps,
but did not perform any possessory act over the islets.
Regardless, given the [illegible line]
SPA 2025_T
WATER STREET TRANSLATIONS
Annex 59
189
TRANSLATION
that the French attempt to occupy said islets [illegible] today I order the following of the
Sub-Governor of Elobey:
“Advise him of what I was notified in official document no. 134 dated the 12th of this
month with regard to the islets of M’Bañe and Leva, over which our sovereignty is
indisputable and with which so far [illegible] the territorial integrity, which I am willing to
guard, whatever the cost, to proceed immediately to ensure that they be occupied and
our glorious flag be raised upon them, for which purpose I send you with this steamer
eight guards that will be based at the post on Corisco to serve in the occupation of said
islets, with a pair or sentinel of eight individuals continuously stationed on each one, and
the pairs will be relieved weekly, bringing provisions and water during the time, that will
be administered from the port of Corisco.
Nevertheless, since these islets do not have any place to [illegible] the service partners
in [illegible] at the time of making a provisional [illegible—hut] or a tent in the [illegible]
build a house for this purpose [illegible]
SPA 2026_T
WATER STREET TRANSLATIONS
Annex 59
190
TRANSLATION
with the necessary communication between the partners occupying said islets and the
port of Corisco, [illegible] or signature necessary for this purpose, [illegible] that must be
spent for these purposes, [illegible] account to this General Government. [illegible] has
not yet arrived; as soon as it comes, I will send it.”
With regard to the military port that the French [illegible] in Mitombe, I am honored to
advise Your Excellency that on April 11, 1907 [illegible] to the south of said Mitombe
River, [illegible] the mouth of the [illegible–Asobla?] River, [illegible] north of the border
line [illegible] but that line is not delimited well [illegible text with strikethroughs] nor is
there anything that [illegible] from there [illegible] point at which the French have
[illegible] said customs port [illegible] belongs [in] our territory or French territory.
In the message that I sent Your Excellency on August 26 of last year regarding my
expedition to the District of Elobey, I shared the reasons that I had
SPA 2027_T
WATER STREET TRANSLATIONS
Annex 59
191
TRANSLATION
to arrange for opening a section from [illegible] Asobla to [illegible—Cangana?], so
necessary from all points of view, political, strategic and much more so from a
commercial point of view, because with this section, we will avoid the [illegible] of
indigenous [illegible] engaged in rubber and ivory trade, through French customs ports
in [illegible—Mitombe?], Ekado and M’Beto.
May God bless you.
[signature]
SPA 2028_T
WATER STREET TRANSLATIONS
Annex 59
192
WATER STREET TRANSLATIONS, LLC
10 East 39th Street, 12th Floor
New York, NY 10016 (212) 776-1713
www.waterstreettranslations.com [email protected]
CERTIFICATION OF ACCURACY OF TRANSLATION
This hereby confirms that the foregoing translation was prepared by Karen Brovey, a linguist
with substantial experience in the translation of documents from Spanish into English as
certified by the American Translators Association.
Kent G. Heine, Managing Partner of Water Street Translations, LLC, hereby attests to the
following:
“To the best of my knowledge and belief, the foregoing translation is a true,
accurate, and unbiased translation into English of the Spanish text attached
herewith."
Kent G. Heine
Water Street Translations, LLC
09/14/21
Date
Annex 59
193
■-

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/ C.- ✓ . . ., ., .. , .. ',. , •.. ... -·, . . , ,, ... Z• -J/ ,:;·)/,' r_-»-._2L ~/-· ]/. !1/_7'.?'! . . / ??'./_;(> ~J-~ /.- (7~'/.'1'.'l~t)·' "'YnZ•:J,l?:/;-1,;,::t; ;,71\ -,:;i,1,z. -(l' --- /· .· / / ,....._____ /
/ • .
l·_J-;,.'?777 ??;:; /7' ,.~-~ '-p.-,,.L. ,;; · ---_;: -~ ;-1/, f Y fJ ' rW / ;;: e/ , . , .YI /
r -
/ ' <!:. }:(/.,'' ,, /';)//,/' /J? . ,.
-y-G : . · , ).?;J,;,;t-?Vt//1.?-;J . 'i>JN/ ·_7r?c"/7'.
~~-;I) / J·· ·;O c___..-.._ · C P . c
,:';7-.l;l,J-Jt')
cf;5)
l7
, 7~~o/j7;):I ~/
?":,,,/ lJ L
j /
j 7 ' :, • )7.JJ _..>;,,/ 7? F /1I ,-J J/7'/ • c;; /J./.1/' 77""/ I ·f./ /7 · ' ;.· ,/
.I
( \ . • '
/]f/Jl l,';?• /1;/ ( ,'71,6 (/'/.: l'l-·7;t }_/,;_7 // / .-
Annex 59
197
r-:T ·• · ·•r-•" -~•-•--"------~--
' 11
~<c·-'~/ .<y ~c/4.:i,,,I ~~ +rt(-r· 77 j
";;r ~ '7P~«j ~ -- "o~--:-./A,_, ;r_!J"~ "7 ff;
--,'.>f,,;c,. /)_;,,I-;,; "' t✓ r rc~,~7 7 -"=7 ~~--=N,,,,/_,,~ 7 P
?-- Jq ~--z-v ~~r-. -~
,~ ~~ ---r-' ~ - ➔ .L q.4-
-- ~-?, -~
t c-~ ?-n -~Yr+ -~~ 7 ~
;'.! _ .. .. -~r/' · --· · _·. • __ . ·_.• - -
11 -~---r-t ~ s ' - 1 j). , 2-_---#-.:::----;i.-.,__.,_,,,,,, ~r --
~j ---. . .,., -~ - ____-Af - ~ ~ z_--,
\\ ~/,,. ~ ,)✓ ,~.y /I ' (/ • .• ;;,:,:, , / , . •• -,\ '
'I I,
i-l
l£
l ~< _ /qv;r ,~m~/ :7 ;,j(:~Aj •~J
, . • · _✓--; __. _:7_, _'. / - ·_ •.. • / ·_ .. /' , , , - ,, " ( v;;,,,; pa/ , _ ' Jv ,_,,,,, /,., n Y 1;/~ / ,?p? ,,-p
lr · ·~:J' .,-; · :e ,,,:,,~ ;/ " "'""'<;~: c{1;::/ /~¥
j / {) - - ' {ii· ' , ;f ;7 l /' jY / -/- '.L
,: . .. c .. l 7 ,-'/,.' ,_ . ·; ,) ,) /· _/ _ 7 ·.- . " '/' 7'~' 7,',J )//l~;J '::; .,)47 0 1//_7,IV V C?J..l/777N' 2;:;z:,;n . -✓ 1•: . ;fJ7 • ;/ / y / ;/ / . / ~
,, ), v/ i -/'":' " ;<, - M,'{_7) ;?"'/7m~ / Vh' ,->?-
'"" ✓,:,,,,, Jl': , ,C~✓,< , / 7 ;}C" MP Wu? u, n U?"'?' - , , ~m,'? 7 Jp n,- ~72-' I/ / J;'
~ ~ / ' • '
Annex 59
198
Annex 60
Letter from the Sub-Governor of Elobey to the Governor of Spanish Territories of the Gulf of
Guinea (12 May 1908)

TRANSLATION
WATER STREET TRANSLATIONS
[Illegible handwriting in top margin]
[Annotation in top margin:] May 19, 1908
[Stamp:] General Government of the Spanish Territories of the Gulf of Guinea, May 15,
1908, General Registry, Entry No. 60
Subgovernment of Elobey and its Dependencies, No. [Illegible]
[Annotation in left margin:] Forwarded to the Ministry [Signature] May 15, 1908
Your Excellency,
This letter is in response to your correspondence No. 5 of April 28, which I have just
received, whereby Your Excellency brought to my attention the [illegible] of His Excellency,
the Minister of State, regarding confidential news about certain attempts by the French
involving the [illegible] and [illegible] islets near Corisco, over which our sovereignty is
[illegible].
Long before I had the honor of receiving [illegible], and driven by the same spirit that guides
me in the fulfillment of the duties of the various offices I have undeservedly held—especially
when it comes to this district which, as Your Excellency knows, I care so deeply about—I
began to investigate on a confidential basis how much truth there was to the serious
[illegible] that had been brought to my attention prior to my arrival. In this regard, I can
categorically assure Your Excellency that, while it is true that, in past years, the French
authorities of the Colonies of Gabon have dispatched a small warship known as “[illegible]”,
with several officials on board on a reconnaissance mission to the aforesaid islands, an
expedition that was primarily entrusted to Mr. [illegible], the Chief of Cabinet of the Governor
of Gabon, and Mr. [illegible], the Ensign of the French War Navy, who conducted
reconnaissance surveys and drew some maps, they did not engage, however, in any acts
of possession whatsoever. Based on the news I was already familiar with as a result of Mr.
[illegible] representations, and the news I have recently heard, I have [illegible] a plan that I
cannot implement until the matter has been discussed by the Board of Authorities and Your
Excellency has granted me authorization to carry out this project whereby the flag of the
Spanish Nation would float on said islets on a daily basis. Given the nature of this matter, I
have discussed it in confidence with the Secretary of the Government during his visit here.
Thus, Your Excellency may obtain further information about it from him.
God bless Your Excellency.
[Illegible] May 12, 1908
[Illegible signature]
His Excellency, the General Governor of these Territories
Annex 60
201
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CERTIFICATION OF ACCURACY OF TRANSLATION
This hereby confirms that the foregoing translation was prepared by Emanuel J. Pérez Acha, a
linguist with substantial experience in the translation of documents from Spanish into English
as certified by the Certified Translators Association of Buenos Aires, Argentina (CTPBA).
Kent G. Heine, Managing Partner of Water Street Translations, LLC, hereby attests to the
following:
“To the best of my knowledge and belief, the foregoing translation is a true,
accurate, and unbiased translation into English of the Spanish text attached
herewith."
Kent G. Heine
Water Street Translations, LLC
08/20/21
_
Date
Annex 60
202
■-
Annex 60
203
dll.J Q)epencl'!c11cla.1. -~--
•
Annex 60
204
O,_~// P' • /- ,,, /. ~? ~~#£-.;~~-
1~-e ~-~L:J- ~ ~,,,
~~~~~✓-&~
. -,c·~•-u/#. /A/
--~ e~-&--~--r~ ~ ✓.z,e-.~~-
,, ? ~~~ ~
. -# /tU, /2/4~~,!f!.4-#,.Z,~,.;:,c, .-e:..-r---;;u--
.. .!/?
? / ,'?,;,~ ' / .~
Annex 60
205
,#4:t!!?l~ P71 ', •
~~~~~:~.
~ A • ~, ;7 /-L7---~~.,...-,
,,,rw~ a·~~ ~··1
,4~,t, ~--~ [i
1- --,;¼. • Au. er • .
r -~ ~ :/4
✓k~~~ij
~,d,4~~/~~
/4~-#4--- .//4'7,:-~ l
./~~~ /~c~__;jt '>~ )
~ ., • ., :.-dL ;
.,.:,., ;c.,• .-,,1/<- '/ ~✓~-c ~~fw-j ~•~.
·.h.-~ ,-/4 >~ -
Annex 60
206
??#/~~~ ·•. ·
. ,?./~~/~~-:
.· ·7 ,/ a?,;J;],,_. • .-4 £¼.4-
• ~~~~ /~~
a -~~/4~#~~ -
cy~,,---d- /4 r~ re-u- kμ~~ --:~ •
,,μ.,,J-bU,,.,,. ·_, ,/4;/ /- ~
~~ /~~~ / ;?,~,/4 - } 7 . }
M~,h- ~ ~o/:1,
~P~~ ,4-1-~ /4-~~_:,-:/:j
/, / - F
. \: :\;•~:,•~::![~~~: ' :'
. :.,;.~ -,•;':/.:.:::-.;c;.: :;--,_-.;:: ' • • • ·: ' 4
-,: ·:~ :}J"i!ll:~{lj,I ~ ; ,w. '. . \ _ A ''~ - ~,-
(
f .. . , • . j-,1,M ~~~ '. I
. 4c /4,~ ;/&-d = k '. .
L~~,,_. ;.'-:. ___ _ ,_~-- ~~~~--~:10;i }
Annex 60
207
• :t?, -/ ;~~·~~.·
~~~
~ ~/4
·~. . .
Annex 60
208
Annex 61
Report from Spanish Official of the Kingdom of Spain to the Minister of State
(18 November 1911) (excerpt)

Annex 61
211
TRANSLATION
[illegible]
Your Excellency,
In order to continue my visit to the various parts of the Elobey district that I
was unable to visit in August due to lack of time, on October 18 [illegible], after leaving
the Clerk in charge of the office, I set off at around 4 in the afternoon in the steamboat
“Corisco,” taking advantage of the usual trip that day which departed Santa Isabel for
Bata. I was accompanied by the chief of the Colonial Guard, to review the posts and
their armaments; the chief public works engineer, to inspect public buildings; the captain
of the port of Santa Isabel; and Mr. Drumen, an official from the Office of the Secretary,
when
SPA 3192_T
WATER STREET TRANSLATIONS
Annex 61
212
TRANSLATION
The island’s population declines rapidly due to the constant exodus of indigenous
people to Gabon and Cameroon. At present, there are no more than 600 inhabitants, of
whom about 200 were off the island. That is, the actual inhabitants number no greater
than 400. With the exception of the Cumbes, they seem more intelligent than the rest of
the inhabitants, which is influenced by their dealings with foreigners from neighboring
colonies. Regrettably, they employ this advantage in their mischief rather in the service
of proper customs. As for the rest, these Bengas—like their brothers, the Bapukos and
the Cumbes etc.—are a savage tribe that one cannot conceive as having been able to
take anyone seriously enough in order to create their own self-government, having to
learn a lot from the Papuans in regard to cleaning and maintaining their villages.-
SPA 3236_T
WATER STREET TRANSLATIONS
Annex 61
213
TRANSLATION
There are riches on the island: [illegible] yucca fields, plantains, yams, [illegible],
and good [illegible] for livestock. Strangely, neither the state nor the missionaries have
set up a [illegible] oven, which due to its conditions looks a lot like cement, and which
would be very beneficial for the colony’s works.-
There is also an [illegible] mission run by a dark-sinned pastor that has many
proselytes; and it detracts from the influence of the missionaries, which continues to be
harmful.
To the southwest of the island, there are the small islets of Baña [(Mbañe)] where
two Coriscans live temporarily for the purpose of flying the Spanish flag at those sites.
The two that do this stand in for each other frequently and receive a small salary which
the deputy governor pays them from the provisions set aside to attract the indigenous.-
At seven o’clock in the morning and thereafter
SPA 3237_T
WATER STREET TRANSLATIONS
Annex 61
214
TRANSLATION
a torrential rain, that had begun falling the night before, continued to fall. We set off
towards the beach, covering the island from the southeast and the east and so on until
we made it all the way around and arrived at [illegible] Point around 11 o’clock. There,
we set off again in the “Corisco,” leaving the anchorage at 11:30 on the 23rd of October,
and heading to Mosquito Point where we dropped anchor at 1:30 in the afternoon and
went ashore at 2:30.
I was thinking about travelling by land that same afternoon to Cabo San Juan and
Aye, where the “Corisco” had been ordered to pick us up, but the rough sea and wind
conditions at the time made unloading the equipment and supplies difficult. The
unloading could not occur until about 5:30 in the afternoon, which is why I spent the
night at the military post in Calatrava.-
This building is the most comfortable of […]
SPA 3238_T
WATER STREET TRANSLATIONS
Annex 61
215
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(212) 776-1713
10 East 39th Street, 12th Floor
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CERTIFICATION OF ACCURACY OF TRANSLATION
This hereby confirms that the foregoing translation was prepared by Matthew Bouillon,
a linguist with substantial experience in the translation of documents from Spanish
into English as certified by the American Translators Association.
Kent G. Heine, Managing Partner of Water Street Translations, LLC, hereby attests to the
following:
“To the best of my knowledge and belief, the foregoing translation is a true,
accurate, and unbiased translation into English of the Spanish text attached
herewith."
Kent G. Heine
Water Street Translations, LLC
09/13/21
_
Date
■-

Annex 61
217
rir~i~"' c-~.-;1~-z :.·/~~,..
8.,.i ~~ I v~"" · '-1 ~u,.-t..,.._ ·
- I d • a ~~rn·. Con cbjeto de ccntinuar mi v1-
sita a lo~ distintos puntos del dis--
tfito d~ Elobey ~tie por fil'urm~te- ~
rinl de tiempo ma fue 1rapos1ble visi
tnr en 91 mas de Agosto, el din 18
,de Octubre p 0 .p0 , despues de dejar
encargado del desp~cho al Secretario
Letrado, y -'JCcmp:".lfiado del Jefe de la
Gu£trctia Colon11:l, con objeto de 3ue
r~ristase los puostos y su armamen -
to, del Ingeniero-Jefe de ObrAs Publicas,
pnr ,) :ue inspeccionase los
edificios oficiales, del Capi t -m del
puer to de S" nta Isa.b1~l y del Oficial
de 1~ Secretaria Sefior Drumen emb:_1r/
we ,i las 4 de la. tarde en el vapor
rk
--~, . ....,.--__,_-~-~---- - --•~= ~-wcer-ri·co«-;·--?'pf~oVec11ando el vr j e ordinari
o ·de esa facha, saliendo de
r . •. 'TM;;;;~;:;;;;;::· .:;;;;.,.;~~;;,;.~~:;;-zc;~~n,:;: s~~~ -Isab~- .CO!_L-d-i..r~&-Q.ll;:..--#d~'J -~-~ -~- ->~i:i1
t • ' , .
Annex 61
218
I
l \.
l
c1m1as ne hnll,,-b:m fuont uncs 2.0D,
n o pos.r.in de 400; :pn.recen i, •; s intelij
.~.s en HUS trtwesur .:;).s y pic ard.ias en
lug,1.r da haco:rJ.o en bien de lo.s b ~rn-
"' bei is~s, c~rno los 13apuko~ -~ htlr ma ~'.
I . ~; . ;' <\-"' -~r•' '/("' •-•+"--,-;, t -••o, ~•:·~~os ~-·rl~-vcutubos,atc:~, son t'mci · '~ri~u
- . r ~-·:: ·:•·~; . . ; - ' IF\ .. -- ·•·
(-- ◊ ..
C~aiv/ je ,1ue no se conciua -i1nye: po(U~ :_;
· _ . . ·~
-do toi&iZ- n~e an · serio y :au1HJi'l~rlo, .'{:
l r·
L-
[ _!~ - . ;• r . .
Annex 61
219
Exis te t,_'i:1bi1.rn \'.tl(l rn ls 16:n i:.G ~c.dis
l ·1
t:, nlg<mt•~1~ -per •,..m p:?c:::;tor mc:r.-':no, ••U~
t1!J "' 0~ .t.r:r-:'·:r.,:bs p!·.:)s~litos,l"'e·;tur!do
f'luencia
-±"'r.;:·"c-r,~ .;, los H'.l.sfon~n"o3, lo : u~, :n~
Annex 61
220
\r
1-,: _' ~,, _: ... .
. ' ;~<i ·- ··,
'einprend1 moo la per lEJ. :plcky~-,
~
o~ti_rcr:;H~O 1. a Isln por • el Stt•:to,1 ;; t1~
y En ta, ccncluyer:do ,;s1 do ct n.r• l :J
ronte 9n al "Cor5.sco•1
, tlbandonando
f'.lisno 1111:1s d(1 Oct.t1'hro, d!:riciond.onw
c;-m1o A lM 2 .~50.J
ol.w
Pen<:-; abn ~ 1\ qnolln ::iiSi:'..i'.} . V ,.i:.
; : .-. ' . . r
·.· ro :itte rein9.'b"I, hi r.o difioil 61 d•1-
.. ·., ! '. '~ • • : :-.. : · ..• ; . i. # •. _':(~> _. / >
, . ~e -ln ·tfirde,por_ lo ,;u~ J)(Jt;noote e'!;i ;:L 1
'· l .'/ . , . ; , ·.,, ' : . • • •• •. ·'.' , :·. "·; · ,.,, , , _ ;", ·}"'
L. ~~- :pb esto , rililit~r de c'al?-t {~½~ ~.L }. Ir;}l~i
Pi';& 1::: ' \; ~11~t:1i-~ )1}.)C •• ~i 7 :.~~~-~- elti.f~1~.; F•: b'f ~~~~?R~ '~
-- L:y: ·:;< , · ~""'-'-- ~ .;..c. · ::. ·_ . . - ... -"-'-.,........---",..; __c.,. "-'----------~..-c-•~---- ' - -·-:.:. ,.,; •• ,.,_--~-- -- . , •••• -- .. •
,·,>' -:•/<<- · .·.:/:-· ·- . -· .•.
,, :-:: ' .:,.;
Annex 62
Kingdom of Spain, Letter from the Minister of State to the Ambassador of Spain to the German
Empire (4 February 1914)

TRANSLATION
LB-SPA 0293_T
WATER STREET TRANSLATIONS
Ministry of State
-------
Colonial Section
------
28-3-9-6
No.
[illegible stamp] RS No. 4
To Your Excellency’s Ambassador in Berlin,
Madrid, February 4, 1914
[illegible stamp] RS No. 4
Dear Sir:
As a result of the French-German Treaty dated [November] 4,
1911, the Spanish territory of the Gulf of Guinea is completely
surrounded by the new territories acquired by Germany, without the
borders being delimited except for parallels 1° and 2° 10’ 20” north
latitude, and the meridian 9° longitude east of Paris, intangible lines
not established on the ground.
By 1906, our northern border was delimited with the thensouthern
border of the German protectorate of Cameroon adjacent to
our territory, and even when six landmarks were found or placed near
Mesa, Bedun, Ndjown, Bibé, Amban and N’guanban, the work
performed by commissioners D’Almonte and Foester did not merit the
approval of the Spanish and German governments, since it was
performed following proposals that were detained because of some
difficulties presented by France, whose colony of Gabon then
bordered on the east and south of the Spanish colonies known by the
name Muni.
Since the circumstances changed when Germany took
possession of the new territories ceded by France, as a result of the
above-mentioned Treaty, it would be appropriate to delimit the
borders of the Spanish and German territories as quickly as possible,
in the interests of both countries, which would avoid any future
Annex 62
223
t
TRANSLATION
LB-SPA 0294_T
WATER STREET TRANSLATIONS
reason or friction between the authorities of those colonies, the relationships of which
fortunately are very close and friendly today, due to some opinions exchanged between the
governors of Spanish Guinea and Cameroon regarding the borders, who in the end both agreed
to a status quo regarding our southern border and part of the eastern border that are adjacent to
German territories.
Furthermore, the landmarks placed on the northern border of the Spanish territories of
the Muni remain where they were placed, but when somewhat distanced from them, there is
nothing to determine the intangible line of the parallel 2° 10’ 20” north latitude, and in any
dispute that may arise, out of view of the locations identified by the above-mentioned
commissioners, both parties should establish commissions to determine whether the latitude of
the disputed point may be higher or lower than that of the border parallel.
Both the Spanish Governor General and the Imperial Governor, in a document signed in
Mesa in September 1912 by the former and Dr. Franz Holhausen as delegate of the Imperial
Governor in Cameroon, issued opinions to the effect of reaching this type of agreement, to allow
the borders of both colonies to be established by natural boundaries, preferably rivers and the
most notable land features, where rivers do not exist, thereby avoiding any reason for friction,
with both colonies compensating each other for land that they are compelled to cede as a result
of establishing these borders.
The Spanish Government wants to delimit the borders of the Muni Colony with the
German Cameroon colony, in order to then reach a customs agreement, according to
indications made by the Imperial Governor of Cameroon, notifying this Ministry by the Governor
General of Spanish Guinea, and [handwritten: this government] would like to take advantage of
the months from May to October, during which time the rain subsides enough in those areas,
which will facilitate the mission of the commissions that are appointed,
Annex 62
224
TRANSLATION
LB-SPA 0295_T
WATER STREET TRANSLATIONS
to establish, using signals, the 1° and 2° 10’ 20” parallels latitude north, and meridian 9°
longitude east of Paris, and for on-site study of the natural boundaries that may comprise the
border, once approved by both the governments of Madrid and Berlin.
As a result, His Majesty the King (may God protect him) has arranged for Your
Excellency to notify that Government as indicated according to the opinions exchanged in this
respect between the governors of the Spanish and German colonies, the Imperial Governor of
Cameroon informing the Government of Berlin of this matter. Royal order, etc.
May God protect, etc.
Draft
Marqués de Lema
[signature]
Date
Annex 62
225
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(212) 776-1713
10 East 39th Street, 12th Floor
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CERTIFICATION OF ACCURACY OF TRANSLATION
This hereby confirms that the foregoing translation was prepared by Karen Brovey, a
linguist with substantial experience in the translation of documents from Spanish
into English as certified by the American Translators Association.
Kent G. Heine, Managing Partner of Water Street Translations, LLC, hereby attests to the
following:
“To the best of my knowledge and belief, the foregoing translation is a true,
accurate, and unbiased translation into English of the Spanish text attached
herewith."
Kent G. Heine
Water Street Translations, LLC
05/21/21
_
Date
Annex 62
226
■-
Annex 62
227
ff."\: .lt·: ;i j.1 ·t ·v
\J~ ~, Al :blmbajador d~ S.M. en l3erl{n,
Y;
Mudrid, 4 de febrero de 1914.
A consr.cuencia del Tratudo }'rnnco-e.leman de· 4 ,le nobr
de 19111 el territorio espanol del Golfo de ~uinea queda
rodeado en tod.a.s sue partee. por loe nw·.vos terri torios
ac1quiridos por -'•lemania , sin que las frontera.s esten delimi
t~das nada mae,que por los paralelos 1° y el de 2° 10' y
20 •• ambos de lr1.titud Norte, y el mf!:ddiano ~; 0 de 101i•
tud Este de ~aria , lineas inrnateriales no fijadus sobfe
el terreno .
I
Yael a~o 1Y06 ,, se trato de la delimitaci6n de nueHtra
frontera Norte con la entoncos fronte~a Sur del Protectorado
aleman del Kamerun que linda.bn con nuei:,!.ro territorio,
y aun cuando lleearon 6 ponerse side hi toe en las proximi•
dades de Mesa, 13(,dun -~dj/ovm , Bibe , Amba.n y 1;•p;uanbnn
n6 llee:aron t'.i. merecer la.s sc:mcion de ambos Gobiernos espanol
y alemaa lo s trabaj oe reali zado e por lo s comi si ona•
doe seriores D'Almonte y ]'oest~r , habitmdo side hecho der;9ue
propo~iciones que qu~daron dctenidas por llgunas dificultades
presento.das por Francia1 cuya colonia. de Gabon lindaba
entonces por el Estey Sur con los territorioo espa.rioles co•
nocidoe:i con el nor.tbre del Mu.ni •
Habi~ndo varindo las circunstancias al tomar Alemania po•
Besion de los nue~rorc, territcrio's cecti/oe por Francia., como
consecuencia del T--atado antes citado , s rL conveniente
lle13ar los mas rupidamente posible a. la celimitacion de las
fronter as de lo s terri torio s e spanol es y nlemane s , en bi en
lo que evit, ,
c,ra en lo
sucesivo tcdc)• -
Annex 62
228
~otivo ~ roz~niento entre las autoridades de aquellas Uolonias ,
cuyas rela.ciones_,por fortuna , son hoy su.'71,unen e estrechas y amie•
tosa~~, habiendo mediado algunos cambios de opinion entre los Gobernn.dores
de la liuineu e s panola y de Kamerun rt!f~rentes a la.s fronteras ,
~V-0
llegando ultimci.rnente a convenir entre arnbos un statu-quo r-efe± eute
a nueot1·as fr :n1teras Sur y pa.rt e de la uriental,lindLl.Iltes con los
territorios alemanes.
Por otra parte, los ft.itos colocadoe en la. frontera Norte de loe terdtorios
espa.noles del Muni 1 fijan aquella en el lugar a donde estan
colocadoe, pero tan •ronto se estA E~go separado~ de elloe, nn.da
det ermina. la Li.nea inmat erial d el par:tlelo de :2°-10' r,_,,,. 20' ' de la tit ud
Norte, y s~riu preciso en cualquier litigio que pudiera presentarse,
fuera de la vista de los lugares oituadoe ~ los comisionados citadoe,
el ~:i.cudir comisiones de ambus pa.rt.ea/ paru esta.bleci:r ,,si el punto en litigio
podia tener mayo'Yo menor latitud que la del parelf!lo frontei·a •
'l'anto el Gobi;,rnador general espaiiol COMO el Lo b crnaclo,. Imperial ,
~n documento firmado en Mesa en septiembre de 1912/por el primer~y
el Doctor Franz 1()Ji\1ausen como Delegado del Gobernn.dor Imperial del
krunerun , hah emi tido opiniones en el sentido d.e llegar 6. un acuerdo
de tal natu:raleui, oue pern, ita el que las fronteras lindantes de hffi•
bas coloniae esten fijadas par limites natural~s pr~firiendo los
r-ios y los acci cltmtfis mas notableo, donde no existun aquelloe , con
lo cual 1::e evi tar a todo mot i vo de ro zamiento , corn },)ensc,do s e 'TIUt uament
e Dm1nif>. colonias los terrenoe que como consecuencia de esti:. fija.ci6n
dt=: limites/ se verian obligada s a cederse •
El l.i'obierno espaiiol /~-esea llegur a lu deliitili tacion df': las frontn·aD
de la 0olonia. del Muni con lua lemans, del .r~amerun, para procecer
I ,;,, C.C.k . , . . . h l..i b despues ~ convenio aduanero/ aegun 1r.dlc£ic1on(ss hec as por el o ernador
Imuierial del Kamerun, y comunicada a este 11inisterio par el 1.1ober-
. ~~A~~-
nador p: enerll de la. 1.1uin~a espariola , y quisi~ra"aprovr:char l o s meser;
de ", a.yo a pctubre1 cl urant~ los cuales las lluvi~ts ois"!linuyen basta.ntef en
n.c,uellos lugares
1
lo que lucilitaru la misicn de las comisionrio que se
Annex 62
229
nombren, tnnto para fijar μor m~dio d~ seijles los paralelos de
un r,r.:.do , y el de 1,0 10' 20'' nmbos de latitud Norte!, y el
me;ridinno 9° de longitud J:!:ste de .Paris , como para que estudien
sobre el terreno los limi tes Mturalcs que en su dia deben co~ti tuir
las fr ,nteras,una vez que mert"czcan la. s;.1nci6n de ambos "'obiernoe
de Madrid y Berlin •
En s,; consecuencia Llu _ajestad el Rey ( q . ...,.g.) se ha servido
disponer que V.E. lo haga saber asi a ese Gobierno1 por hallarse~o
expuesto de acuerdo con lns opini0nee cambiadas & este fin,entre los
Gobernadores de las Colonias espa~ola y alemana, debiendo hnllnrse
informado el Gobi~rno de Berlin de este asuDto par el Gobernador
Imperial del r:arnerun • ---- De Real etc •...
...Jios etc .•........
liinUtH,
1'[ar qUe S CJ e .u ema.

Annex 63
The German Empire, Report No. 4, Imperial German Muni Expedition, Dr. Olshausen
(16 June 1914)

TRANSLATION
Attachment to the report no. 1160 G. B. I Geh 93
Excerpt Copy of I. Geh. 93/14. 25
Imperial German Muni Expedition
Report No. 4.
Upon the telegraphic decree Duala, June 16, 1914
of the 13th of this month
Confidential.
It is my honor to report to you regarding the negotiations that
took place in Santa Isabel between Governor General Barrera and
myself:
1) According to note A. 5520 from the Spanish Ambassador in Berlin to
the Ministry of Foreign Affairs (attachment to the decree of the Imperial
Colonial Office to me of May 6 of this year, a copy of which the
Government should have received), the Spanish Government proposed
to resume the negotiations that had been conducted a while ago
regarding the Spanish-Muni border. At that time, this was exclusively
about the contemplated northern border of the Spanish territory, which
Barrera seems to have considered visiting this time as well. However,
since I already visited the northern border in 1912, and since the
creation of a natural border poses relatively few difficulties because of
the Campo River, and also because the instructions given to me in
Berlin primarily allow for the exploration of the southeast corner of
Spanish Muni that is to be ceded to us, I suggested to Mr. Barrera that
we deal with the southern border first for now. Barrera agreed.
2) Accordingly, we agreed to start out in the Bay of Muni. Barrera does
not have any suitable access on Spanish territory and would like to set
out on the expedition from Ukoko, maybe by boat (he has
AIV 1805/[initials]
WATER STREET TRANSLATIONS
Annex 63
233
TRANSLATION
foldable boats with him), initially upstream on the Temboni River, and
then another part of the way by marching on land over our territory; I
told him that in my opinion there are no objections to this; since Barrera
does not expect his Surveying Officer in Santa Isabel until the 23rd or
24th, when the latter arrives with the Spanish steamship from Europe
but cannot be in Ukoko prior to July 1st, I intend to march ahead and
await Barrera approximately at the intersection of our current
theoretical border and the Temboni River at Elum. I will then probably
be able to take a look at the lower course of the Temboni River and
possibly a stretch of the river upstream of Elum before I meet up with
Barrera for the first time.
Barrera also tentatively described his further proposals, i.e., to
march from the intersection mentioned to the Abanga River, preferably
along the current theoretical border, and only take a shortcut across the
corner at the level of the Abanga River. I will not be able to draw
conclusions until I am there in terms of whether I might cut across
already earlier, consistent with our interests, either upstream along the
Temboni River, or at least at the watershed between the Temboni and
Abanga Rivers. I have therefore not yet made a determination in this
regard.
Also, it will only become clear during the expedition to what
extent it might make sense to me personally to temporarily march
together with Barrera, for example while the topographers are taking
their measurements and recordings/images together (- as suggested by
Barrera-) or to what extent it might be better for the German and the
Spanish commission to march separately, either parallel, or zigzag, and
to only meet occasionally. Barrera also agreed that we could discuss
this then and there.
26
3) In anticipation of the authorization, which I have in the meantime
received by way of the decree from the Government of the 11th of this
month - I. 1434/14 -, I further agreed with the Governor General to
consider the situation of the two commissions corresponding to the
pattern of the German-French agreements at that time, and to thus treat
them like extraterritorial bodies; i.e., to grant them as much freedom to
hunt, exemption from customs, etc., as possible. Accordingly, during my
stay in Buea, I have requested that the post in Ukoko be instructed in
accordance with this. The Spaniards should be granted custom-free
import and transit, particularly for their personal equipment, provisions,
etc., and not just for official expedition equipment. Barrera guarantees
mutuality.
Finally, Mr. Barrera and I agreed that the two commissions
should abstain from exercising state sovereign rights, in particular of
administrative acts and jurisdiction, in the respective foreign territory; in
this respect, the agreement entered into in July of last year is still valid,
according to which the theoretical border should be binding as drawn on
Moisel’s map until the new borders have been determined. I shall report
in due course about any possible agreements I may yet enter into in
deviation from that basic rule in the event of a conflict with the natives to
overcome active or passive resistance in accordance with the decree of
the 11th of this month.
4.) Barrera asked what officials in Berlin thought about the customs
agreement (customs union) proposed by us back then. I responded that
I was not aware of any details; however, I assume that we will get back
to the proposals once the border has been decided upon on our side.
According to instructions from His Excellency the Governor in response
to my oral presentation in Duala, I am to keep the matter in mind during
further discussions
WATER STREET TRANSLATIONS
Annex 63
234
TRANSLATION
with Barrera and to try to prepare a treaty between the two
Governments first; a treaty between the government at home would be
considered only later.
pp ............................................................................................. pp.
Signed: Dr. Olshausen
WATER STREET TRANSLATIONS
Annex 63
235
WATER STREET TRANSLATIONS, LLC
10 East 39th Street, 12th Floor
New York, NY 10016 (212) 776-1713
www.waterstreettranslations.com [email protected]
CERTIFICATION OF ACCURACY OF TRANSLATION
This hereby confirms that the foregoing translation was prepared by Heidemarie Nelson, a
linguist with substantial experience in the translation of documents from German into English
as certified by the American Translators Association.
Kent G. Heine, Managing Partner of Water Street Translations, LLC, hereby attests to the
following:
“To the best of my knowledge and belief, the foregoing translation is a true,
accurate, and unbiased translation into English of the German text attached
herewith."
Kent G. Heine
Water Street Translations, LLC
08/25/21
Date
Annex 63
236
■-
Annex 63
237
I
P. iJ U v t\ t :, U l} !\
i,, 11 lllill B1ric1, ~,6, .;. l .[ ·
A!!S 1UJJ:VOise A· ac11rf,Tt V01 I. G~h. 9Jl1't .
9'✓ J,..,
25 --- ------------- --- -------------- ·- --------------
l rJ. is er l i a :1 De!ltst:he }fani - Ex~ eC ition
B~riaht lla 't .
A,;f d~n telcgra;:-hisohen ~!'l.:ss
vom 13. d . Mto .
1 1 , Jen 16 . J:1ni 1919: .
Gehel!'l .
'(_; lffr/y
ll aOer die i:z S_nta J sabel n 1isf:'hen Generalgouver -
neur Bar1·1HoJ und -.:,r Je. /l j:., ,,-?rt V irha:i,:1 _•Pn, • =PiiTc;
i "'h ... · tJh J·:·· ,:;,rs,_, Jt ? r ~ • I t c'"
11 liac'L er ·ell! Aus•-1 'tr t ·· c.n A t 7,,":,}'::1n >:en A11/zei,:.:h -
nun9 A. ;;20 ' es S;;..11i.l(>iurn B tc: : tJ. (l e"fJ ·n B"rU n I Anl=
zge zum. Er 7rrns -·~s Rei.r,is - l ol o·t:zl .. ..,ts 11 ..,ir~h vo• 6 ,
Ua i n . Ja ., '}er de1. Go!..!:;,:,rne.fnt :n A~Y'hr ·tt ,_1'] - ., er.
1..?'.J' r ite J ']i '] "r,1• V,rd•i,l :.J der S_ an i,3r- ' 1:1n. R~;1·er11-1J da -
1;i1 , .ilf> s . Zt . ::i•t=:...en ·er Gr ·n~• vnn S~- nt. eah - M11n..:
g~! {1 ,;:yr:nen V r ~,u:n1 ;1i:nu~11 _'in.' Jr f7nn ~1p•;!n . Es h..:.nJelte
sC ch J-1'71.als u,:-; "ie .;;.llein z, Belraa~t :n P.n·e ll',r<lJ:!';::,n.r~
·ea S!)1.d1iJr,hen Gebiets , ·eten. Berei.l'.!71:J B rrera 1.d.!Ch c;:e.3es
M_ i -.,lt ins Auve Je(J.:-~ t rn i1 - ." -m JCh int . Da die
llorJg-:enze a_jer bereits 1912 V(,n ir ber~is t Jor,·en ist
11nd Sie Schaffur;J niter n~~tt' r1fo"·er, Gr9n:-e riurch 'en l al'! -
po(lusa verhiiltnis;-j_' ~Gi!J en. ~g Sch~· " .;ri1· eiter. biet=;L ,
a,·tJ 1J C: ·e P..ir in B~rli.n erte:·.1te J n3 tru~ tion vur alleR
die Erforsahung de r :! P. U'1$ J:bzutr etenden SU."do.~tePke von
Spaniach-Mtrn i vorsieht, habe ioh_ Herrn B.1rrera vorJesoh1a·
g en , uns r.~n..'ialis t ~i t der Sitdgranza zu be i assen . B.,rr era
1ua r einv er ,3 t anden .
21 De11ientspreohend ist !>erabrerlel !..1ori:."en , vo• Nuni- Be~ken
au szuu·ehen . Barrera hat JU( Spanis<:heil G~hlet ~etnen
geeigneten Z11:'cng ~.nd • lf~hte var. U!~o~,o .:..us die Ex. 1d f.tion
antre ten , vi elleiaht in :er Art , ci(.,'ss er 11 it Boot f ,::r
ha t
Annex 63
238
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Annex 63
239
t '. u U v \ t:, !\ :1
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!1!' • .. . . • , • . .. . .. • • ... , . , .... , . , ... . ,, • , ,., ..... • fl !l ,
er. , Dr . 0 J;J71.uJ~n .

Annex 64
United Kingdom, Cameroon, Final Report: Enclosures Sept 1914 to May 1916 (3 October 1915)

Annex 64
243
Annex 64
244
=·...:=-·-··1
) r
1
Page 7 ..
CARCOESr
er' s caq;ow arc sup__;osoll to pass throu·r;h the Customs House
General of Fernando Po is verJ strict about lettine rrrovi...ssh'ort
themselves. He also claimed that the
Europe,m Food was not excessi vo, ow in£ to
food DOW' ! ! !.., and no Eri tish or German ships
ri&ht to search Spanish ships and remove Ge
He said that he would not perm.it any large
star a to be shipped by German Firms
from F. Po to BATA,
ed the Lt..GGn-: to forbid the ernort
-r of these
Annex 64
245
I
1
i.\¥:)rnando Pv. Can::oes ( c nti )
"Viliav-or<le" land0t1 at St.Isabel 70 small c ases, ironbounu. , rirc0. illltl. 1- c
S""ls, no uarl-s but destinJ.tion marked Bli.Tli.. ~h.e Guaru.ia Colon i al have tak0n
__c!..:..r~-Q.f_ t'.1osc.
(r The;:,e are pro;JL.'..:Jly arnuniticin cases, ant shot.::.d. ·Je o:011ed. if
founcl on hoard a stcancr bounC: for Bli.'.:t:i,, :a::::hITC, or :::::1c::.:::::1 e-:;c: ✓
I:.H .:~ori tz now has 500 cases of provisions hcrG, about '::5 cases ._r3
;:iclievo to have gone by t he last boat; T~1ese cases are nar:,ed " A. 3 . C",
whic'1 is the identical mark USCtL by the Aii3AS 3AY S;::lAiJI::G CC:fP\.;.;y, but in
this cas0 bolones to a German i'irs.
do not ship to JATA, such stores consicned to "JA':.'.A are for ::oritz.
Sap ly of Provisio:is lyin~ a.t St. tsabel, consi::;necl. to t:1e Aoerican i.issicn
A or m::m~o. (10/s/15.)
R/;:t." -r,,.,,1 ~ ~ ~ 'b__,.._.,b ~ l(,~"'-" {1~\~ is)
s,..~
FP.
Annex 64
246
I>
,
Page !O.
~,C - Su "over::.or, an old r ._c.o. -romoted.
:b.ree f ficers cI1 z:( SO':'.IC soldiers (? 60) all stationed on coast •
• ,k,,
Qne 0C i c Jr ::.ncl r.,orG soldiers~!_; stution::ll along t e C '...: :PO !"rontier in
~k~~-~
A.ril,wi-; a le:r.:.:a .. :-erso c.t C.\ilPO,DIPIKAR,and .IG .. ,'.:!3.J:G,,,.a litt.lo fur .er
east. L:r Gunnin:;, of dessrs Hatton and ~oo~tsons, is the I:l0st reliable
:En~lish man her e .
Annex 64
247
I ))
Page 12'1 - &dd. Natives o! N'GUANDA, IPOLI, YINGUI and N'KOAMAKA,
iaside the border o! Spanish Muni are reported to have
te &et as c&rriers !or the Spanish on the grounds that
a~• &ssisting the Ge~mans with food and ammunition.
just
refused
-
the latter
17.6.15.
Annex 64
248
)
12 - :-
I L ::r II i ,~ '• d sm 11 est tc .. C 0 b f r
JI, • ob; ::.n £2,000 fro. ·:_ssrs Holt's A~ ,t l{RIBI, i or· r
r H 1 ... 's. Son aft~r 11 doc...r •. .d 1it .... c £2,000 !t!
n convoys fro~ B\~A 'i v.., rcc..:mtly • rocc""cl. by a ro
in.I ,., .:ro BA:. to BAB::;H, 01 t .'.) :ron .. ier, ,rn-:;h 1s onl:; one
• - • w s ir. ::h r..,"' o~ . I :r HOFH !ANH, from.. 3 'iours ou o... A'2
( . 6 . 15)
Annex 64
249
I>tvL) I
,ccncies (conuinu0d). A '.'.: A •
..... ~r ~ or :::::HL...iI 21 vrho •ms Holt ' s Agent at CAHPO, h ... s been runnini iDL
:s t:.~ boundarr for t ___ Gcrrn.,_ns an.::. is novr livin at OTONDE, close "to A ... A.
• J'ALIN'J:>f: ~A-rA
wt: r ~ e.s-, 1-.,wl"I ~ ~ iere is road. fro .. ~ t~.rouzh LO:fJO:GilP to B*-rl',, 3 wc.Jl<S to Spanis:1
n..: t:i~nce one wc~k 1,0 BA'.'..~, strikin., the coast at 0TOHD • The Journ-Y
C:..ono ir.: loss t'i2..n .::. r.onuh, the Sp.i.n:tsh Frontier lrnvini been reached L
days fro~ 3A1.,along this road .
Annex 64
250
Annex 64
251
t>M )
'
P .. ge 15.
BENITC.
In t he r ai.;ly s eason t ho s ~n Benito River is navieable for so .o
C:.istanco to a point 2.t t he back of DATA, whence it i s only two days 1:J.ar c~1 te,
t\e CA:IPO RivGr, a!ld t he Span i sh Fronti3r, (pr esumably the reported Ford 2 dayJ
It is stat ed that t he Americ an i:issi on2.ri es uso this road .
::oritz has no factor,.ios at 3:NITO.
Annex 64
252
r
26
C 18..-
is a ~rorch Sous Of.Zicior c.t t 0 Cc.cca :: c 1 I ost, -ihO visi -:::; t
0
i us rivers in t ~ vicir.it •, :ich "ro sit:..1at.e i:r t ,'.) Cc.n0r n tcrritor; •
.,_ :i .. rcnG11 _o,vc als '~ G ••
mid it is consid"r-d t c --r n::; ...,out·~ of sruniL-h
ilit TY
• ~..,..,_. is cl ~r oft e ene y .
.. . .. . . . . . . ...... .
. . . . . . ..
riv r) .•
1 ..,or
1
"
II
t 1,..,
1,
G
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Annex 65
Letter from the Governor-General of Spanish Territories of Africa to the Governor of
French Gabon (22 November 1917)

TRANSLATION
[...] related due to being an isolated incident, which [he] believes is an accidental error owing to
the southern border not being precisely and completely established. In these works I discovered
a German Commission in progress when the war broke out in August 1914; their works were
suspended when news of the war was received.
For the reasons expressed, nothing has changed in my sincere desire to maintain the
friendly relationships between us, which are a living reflection of the relationships between our
respective governments, and I can assure Your Excellency that I will always strive to ensure
that our relationships can continue to be cordial.
I must insist on one point, and it is this: on returning the women and belongings
taken, which I referred to in my letter No. 439, as well as on returning the Spanish flag taken
in N’[illegible] by the French forces, or compensating the families for the deaths reported.
Regarding these requests, I am sure that Your Excellency will give the appropriate orders so
that they may be addressed considering how fair they are. This will prevent the indigenous
peoples from holding onto the ideas of vengeance that are typical of them and their customs,
and it will put the incident to rest completely.
I regret that I cannot provide Your Excellency with a letter regarding the southern and
eastern regions of Spanish Guinea to provide some confidence, since, due to the suspension of
border delimitation works, which I spoke of previously, any document that would be provided to
Your Excellency would lead to errors and difficulties
LB-SPA 1136_T
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Annex 65
255
TRANSLATION
that I should avoid.
Naturally, I very much agree with Your Excellency’s proposal to provide the heads of the
districts with the geographic situation of the regions neighboring the southern and eastern
borders of the Spanish Colony, and to send the Sub-Governor of Elobey the geographic
situation of the points that have been established by the Spanish-German delimitation
commission. I would be very pleased to send it to Your Excellency, and I am very grateful for
your offer, which I will accept, to send me the geographic situation of the border regions of
Gabon with respect to the southern and eastern borders of Spanish Guinea.
When the current European war was declared, the Imperial Governor of Kamerun had
proposed to me that the part between the Benito River and the 2°10’20”N line of latitude, the Kié
River, be temporarily considered the eastern border of Spanish Guinea and the western border
of the Kamerun River territories, which I could not accept at that time. Because the campaign in
Kamerun had started, I did not believe it was a good time to accept the proposal since it was the
opposite of neutrality, and accepting the proposal would have allowed the Germans to withdraw
the forces that defended the passage of the aforementioned river. However, since the
circumstances have now changed, and there is no fighting in Kamerun, and the territory located
to the East of the Spanish Colony is occupied by French forces, being joined as before to the
French Colony of Gabon, I submit for Your Excellency’s
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Annex 65
256
TRANSLATION
Annex to Official Letter No.
Copy No. 29.
consideration the fact that in the eastern part of the Spanish territory, between the 2°10’20”N
line of latitude and the source of the Kié River, we could consider the temporary border to be
that river while there is no exact border delimitation. This would remove any motive for an
incident in almost the northern half of the eastern border of Spanish Guinea, and I would be
very grateful to Your Excellency if you would inform me of your opinion on this matter.
I ask Your Excellency to be assured of my great esteem. I remain your most obedient
servant.
Governor-General
This is a copy.
Secretary General
[signature]
[stamp:] SPANISH POSSESSIONS OF AFRICA
[coat of arms]
SECRETARIAT
THE GOVERNOR OF FRENCH GABON. BRAZZAVILLE.
LB-SPA 1138_T
WATER STREET TRANSLATIONS
Annex 65
257
WATER STREET TRANSLATIONS, LLC
(212) 776-1713
10 East 39th Street, 12th Floor
New York, NY 10016
www.waterstreettranslations.com [email protected]
CERTIFICATION OF ACCURACY OF TRANSLATION
This hereby confirms that the foregoing translation was prepared by Victoria Chávez-
Kruse, a linguist with substantial experience in the translation of documents from Spanish
into English as certified by the American Translators Association.
Kent G. Heine, Managing Partner of Water Street Translations, LLC, hereby attests to the
following:
“To the best of my knowledge and belief, the foregoing translation is a true,
accurate, and unbiased translation into English of the Spanish text attached
herewith."
Kent G. Heine
Water Street Translations, LLC
09/12/21
_
Date
Annex 65
258
■-
Annex 65
259
moo tlin0-::1ro d<J ~nt::n,;:,x• 1',~o ~ • .rniotorn:rn r~lct c.don~r• '.: Ue nor:1 unon u q ui,
Vivo r:~f"lcjo do L .!] 1ue ro.nti•)n::! nue~rtron (}o1}i:J :t"l'l0~1 r ,,:H11~cctivor~, :rit~-
e.i::md.<;, r:..aegu~i.r ! Vu~mtr.::. I<htoclonct,. qu:::i !.'.d,~mpr :: m,~ orrforzar& en lit::.-
ln un. I)U!lto h :.l do inniotir, y er;, en Le,, d.evoluoion d :.:= ~o
muJaron y efocton qu.itB.do~, .~. lon que m::i r:J:f:::;:ri~., un mi c:::..rt.: ,. ntt 459•
tot; o.;.u$G.don... p5tid'.ion,.rn sobr-.:: l'::i. e 01li~.1,es no· (i.u~io qu,:; Vu::!atr:,, J~,re0•
l ,Jnck, &.r! J1;;.s ord.enilD oportun:.,n p:.:..r &. quo nC¼n .;.,tondcid,,::;.s d.r::.d.o lo
jm'!.~o ()Ue aon, evit,m,lo t~3i •Jl que ena,:lr.v,3n lor~ in:lig:~ru;,. s id1.?::U3
de vcngt-,nzo. propit, s de ollon y de nun cotlt1:i.r::br:?!J 1 y -1u0 pu-}dt,. darso
nei::i SUr y lato de le.. OUinoa Eo~loltl. eiut> '.P..1('1ickm rnaroco:r o.l.gun;;. oont"
ic..nzo., yJ. que dobido t. 1A suoponn1on de loo trt.;,br;,jos do delimit:;.:,.ci6n
a.,;;: l'ronteri:-.s. de quo i::i.nti:ln ru1.blo. cu:.lquicr dor.nun,:mtc qu,'J 1:c.•
o.iUto.se l Vuostfti. Excal.onci;:.. pod.ic;. d!r.r lugn.r !-.. errores y dif'iou.l•
Annex 65
260
I
n,n4o l.w.tgu ma- pet.moo nuy i,.o-artu.tllitl .lL. moiliru.. propu,:..H1t.;;., :por
Vu,;n;t.~ B,coel.uno~ de ;ponor. l.. dii.;J,onioion r:t.•;) lon J~fo:; °'" cirou.n~•
-- oripeion--i&--sa:-tit~ibn googr..tf'i()i,,. do l...,s:l r-~giow n proxim;.s t.. lt;,.a.· _l.'1
fr.onto~is Su.r 7 Eate de . ll;. Colon.hi. 1b1>;:;.i'i1Jlv., y t.~l romtt1r ,.,,1 Subgo~: ,.
'bi:l_?'nii.dor dQ :Slobey ~;. situ:.cion geogr,tf'ior."' <l.o los :i;itmtoc: qu1.;} h,.-.. n
oido tlJadou por h. 1n1nion hinJ~o-~lor:t:;;n;i. de (ioliinit,~ion, t~ndre
3\.lmO pl&ooio on ro.mitirlt,, tr~·i?r1i,1n. ;._~ V1:10-~te .P..xc~lonct;r".• que-d.G:.ndol.a
mu;y reoonocldo po:r ou o:fruoim1'-'nt,o• qu* .W.l. 1);,;)r,mito .... o,:lpt<.:-..r, do 4n•
v.t~rme l.1:,~ s1tw:..cior1 gcog_:J;".:~iio .... t\w ll~a r;.;gionur{ front.;;:riz~r,, d,~l ~b&
n oe>n 41 Star y Ihtc ciu l. .... . Guinoa. ~p...fio:h.._.
Al doclt,z.:.rcse ~ ~tUt>.1 guerr""' curop~ ~l. 6-ob~rn.,..tior Laperiu.1
dQ &.moi:uD Jl..,-;.ba propuos1.t:":• 1 crato Gobic~ Cklnor ..... 1-,. ol . oom~1d~rc..r
J,'lroT1aloD.i.lmante camo trontoft.. Errto d,J ~ Guil'lf.1:;;. onpe,;.fiolJ. 7 Oeirte
4\e los terr1tor1on del lU.o -~~run. ~ l"'""'?"t•.; oompr:.lnd1(b .;;tntN el
~nlto y u1 _p,,5,.lelo QQ 29 - . lO •- ~" d~ lut.itud Norte, ol r1o no,
lo q_uo no pudo ~ceptnr an ::..quollor. 1ncmontf.l0 ·&u~-::? Gobbrno 0ene~1,
4obido "I. quc 0f4p03~ lL~ luODL;. on ~m~n.1.n, no. oo:noid.;;rJ o:portuno
i .. captar ~ -proposicion por oonriia.or.:.;-.rl.L;;. OJ::UUH~ t. J;;:, ne-ut:t·t~l1~,
y;;! qu~ ace aoepi:£1..r~ bubier-,.,. :permitido. , loa f;.,1,Ja~an ret1rr..r ha
tuerzu.a -qua_· P.Qd,ierv.n d.ef"on<k:r ol ~no dcl nPnoio~do rio, ~ro a•
biondo . ·boy rirr~ 1lds drcttrmtanciaa~ no habiendo luche,. en ~run,
y oeapi.do ol t<,n.ltorto -d ~o t~l ._ Eoto do ~ ColoniA •~noa por
fu.eftll;s f~•s, quedcii.ndo unido oomo f.i.ntiglw.man~ . l. l~ Colons.a.
.t~JlOO'tr~ 49.1 •b6n. • ~rm1 to · nomr=ter Lt ~ oon:1idemoi&n 4o Vua.tn
Annex 65
261
6 -
j
Anejo al oficio nQ
Copia na 29.
llbteulfmc~ cl quu oa .le,.. 1...;..rtt:: 1';}n't1.:J. (A.>;;1 territ.orio ea1x_;;fiol, entre
u.l p~r-~lc1e Go 21 • IC•• 208 de lt~titud Morta y ol 1ugil'.i,:r dOl'l'J.t'.i M•
cc · cl rto EH:, :poclruoor; oonsict:n:-...;.r oomo f'r.ont1Jra. pTf>Vbiom, .. l diaho
:rio•. en _ ,_~Jlto _no _ne 11-egw, rt unr::.. delimitc.icicm exact~ d,J i"rontar(.>,,•
Bor~ .de -1£l;. f"ronto5 Ent~e If;. OU1neri. l,~~~fi&lt;;;., y flUC3clu.r1,~. muy :ro• ., •
aonoiii'do l.. V\iootr-.;. Excelcnaic. ot m;J llioierr-.. eonooo-r nu op1ni&n ao&
nte
bro d po.rticulc..r.
ntiego ! Vt:10,ot:r.;,. ,~nm:>lt.mcu ... se 8irv.: .. tli.eeptu.r JAn noguridr"'•
d iJs d~ mi mr..;yor- -oonsid.crt ... cion, en J.;:;. qu:J t.ongo ,;;l honox do ser de
Vu,~u,tro. koe~no ia. SU rni! .. s oagu::r.o sorvidor.
Es Copia.
El Secrctario oeneral.

Annex 66
Letter No. []3 from the Governor-General of French Equatorial Africa to the Governor-General
of the Spanish Territories of the Gulf of Guinea (24 January 1919)

Annex 66
265
TRANSLATION
EG 0044_T
WATER STREET TRANSLATIONS
General Government
of
French Equatorial Africa
_____:/______
Political Affairs
_______________
No. [illegible]
FRENCH REPUBLIC
------------&------------
LIBERTY = EQUALITY = FRATERNITY
------------&------------
Brazzaville, January 24, 1919
The Governor General of French Equatorial Africa to the Governor General of the
Spanish Territories of the Gulf of Guinea.
Excellency.
I have the honor of making you aware that I have just received approval from the
Department of Foreign Businesses for the propositions that Your Excellency was so
good as to communicate to me in your letter no. 790 dated November 22, 1917,
regarding recognition of the N’KYE stream as the provisional border between your
colony and the occupied territories of New Cameroon in the hopes that a definitive,
exact delimitation may be made.
It is now agreed that the new border provisionally adopted for the eastern part of
Spanish territory adjacent to the New Cameroon occupied territories shall be
determined by the course of the N’KYE stream from 2° 10’ 20’’ north latitude up to the
stream’s origin.
I will be very grateful to Your Excellency should you communicate to me whether
we are in complete agreement regarding the provisional adoption of these new borders
and, if so, to transmit such instructions as you deem necessary to your personnel…
Annex 66
266
TRANSLATION
[Illegible]
EG 0045_T
WATER STREET TRANSLATIONS
006991
No. 63. French Equatorial Africa. Brazzaville, January 24, 1919
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
to your occupation personnel.
I ask that Your Excellency please accept the assurance of my highest
consideration./.
[Seal of the The Governor Secretary General
General Administration Archive in charge of business matters
Alcala de Henares (Spain)]
Estébe (signed).
P.S. For my part, I will alert the local French authorities, but I also recommend that
you all not guarantee the execution of these new provisions until such time as you all
are notified that your representatives in the region have received all necessary
instructions from Your Excellency./.
[Signature - illegible]
Annex 66
267
WATER STREET TRANSLATIONS, LLC
(212) 776-1713
10 East 39th Street, 12th Floor
New York, NY 10016
www.waterstreettranslations.com [email protected]
CERTIFICATION OF ACCURACY OF TRANSLATION
This hereby confirms that the foregoing translation was prepared by Matthew Bouillon, a
linguist with substantial experience in the translation of documents from Spanish into
English as certified by the American Translators Association.
Kent G. Heine, Managing Partner of Water Street Translations, LLC, hereby attests to the
following:
“To the best of my knowledge and belief, the foregoing translation is a true,
accurate, and unbiased translation into English of the Spanish text attached
herewith."
Kent G. Heine
Water Street Translations, LLC
09/12/21
_
Date
■-

Annex 66
269
D0 ( (,{ 'JA'"' f--- .lL., ,.
· ,/ / ·,.
•,\
Gobiemo Ge.nerFll. ~\
I > )!
• <.l.al \ .1 \·. ·-/
Africa isc-4~.;°ri~:i~~:::'fl-J/
REPUBLICA .b'HA~ C,.l!;oA
• LIBEH'..'AD = IGUALDAD = .!!'RAT1'::\NIDAD•
-------&:------
Brfl.ZZflV1.LJ.e .G'- a.a l'altll:'O u.al J.\JJ.V.
l?o.1.J. T.iooo
.r..l. Uobarnn<1or lhm,u.·11J. d.oJJ. A1.r1cn .1.~cullt.01·i1l.L .l<';c11naaij~•~
j
· ... nl sr.Uober nau.cr Uenora.l ue 100 'l'an·1to:riOG J!,ai,nuo-·
( ----~ :i:f• do <>ouo da uu1nea,
.) I l
\ ,_,,/· K.xoelenoia..
,.......__ ___ N,.,..f
·.i:engo el nonor <1e poner an o.t conooimian to .:it.a ,anbo u.a
raoibir ue J. .Departl-1/llcm t,P ue :nagocio e .llixtrFIDJeroo lfl nJ, roba•
oion 11 lna propoaioio~ a qua V.E. 1;.1} <.UO}O i.emunJ.cnr~ p~r
madio <.le w. onrtn n" '/'JO ue l :.:!2 No v :. embre l'dl'l, l7Bll'l. t l v,i
nl raoonocimien to del rinonualo lP lC:i:i uomo 1'ron taro pro vision
al entre vuaatra Colonin ;;, lo;;s ' .. 'arritorioa oou1--1Hioe a.eJ
Nuevo-Cf.Ul'leroun, en eaper11 -iua aa an~<' ~ue unn del11ll1 t1l cion
emctn cta!'inl t1 Ta.
Q.ue dFl puea oon venic.i.o qua 11.t nu.e vn rron t.crl'l nuoi-,~ ea I:iroviaion
fllman ta pflrn J.n pru:ta l!:ote a.al Territorio "'up.ie,:nol.
lim.1tro1'a n loo l'erJ:1tor1oo oou.pnt.10:;1 uel ~uevo-lJtunaronu
eatfl1'a Cli3 termmnoo l)Or t:l ourao ue.l L'lnclluelo i. I K.Li Uo:' o--~
al 2'110'~0" ua ln.titud .aorta unat11 et1 nnc.1.,111anto u~ ect,e
ri1'lohuelo.
'F:Btnre muy raoonooi<io a i),u .ll::x.oelencia. lji oa uic,Tla oo.inun
ionrme ai eatronoa en un oomple ::.o nc.ierct.o uobre la _11<1op1,acion
provi,a1onnl e1e eutoa nuevos lim1teo j' en eute ultimo
onao,oo.munique l11a 1no:;ru.oo1onao (1W ju:.:;~uencceanrins a
Annex 66
270
006991
.trrFm ea an.
uu para,on al e1e oo .... pnoion.
Ruego a 8u ll:xoelcmo1a ee a.igne noeptar lit aag,.u:i m d <1e .cn1
mas nl tfl oon oi de rnoion. /.
__,,_,_,-..-:::,,,_
. ;;- :., 5
:,::!iJ -~
~l <:iobarnne1cr fiaora1ill'ao
lien eral enoaria;l.lciO aa la
expedioion o.e .loo l:logooioo .
_Eataba (rubriondo).
P.s. Aviao poro1 _pnrta 11 lao nutoridndeu 1'r1100eeno loc, .. .L-30,.(.,.H'O
lea raoo:ni.:muo qua .no noa~uran ln eJ eouolon ue -3:.; tn;.} nue V8'l,v.l:3.t-O•
uiciond a hnatn tFJnto oe leu n.viae ue (lUO vuaotroa retra1:>~rn1u1t,.!U
ai. ln ra;:;ion .n•v1-1n racJ.bic.lO v.e v.~= i1.ie 1nstru.ocior~ u n,;;.:~i.;;ur:i. 1!0./.
if~
0~ ~~ J...U-y......Zr
Annex 67
Letter from Spanish Governor General of Spanish Guinea to His Excellency the French
Governor General of French Equatorial Africa (1 May 1919)

TRANSLATION
[Translator’s note: Handwritten text is indicated in italics.]
WATER STREET TRANSLATIONS
Annex to official letter no. 574
Copy no. 4
Santa Isabel, May 1, 1919
[R.L.] No. 619
The Governor General of Spanish Guinea
To His Excellency the Governor General of French Equatorial Africa
Your Excellency:
Upon arriving from Spain this past March 31, after an eleven-month stay on the peninsula, the
Secretary General who acted as interim Governor General during my absence gave me your letters no.
316 dated November 10, 1917, and no. 6 [illegible] dated January 24 of this year; I have the honor of
acknowledging receipt of these to Your Excellency. I am sorry to say that special circumstances
prevented the Secretary General from responding to them in a timely manner, so I send my regrets to
Your Excellency.
Regarding your letter no. 316 dated November 10, 1917, given how much time has passed and
the condition of the indigenous people, it would be difficult to clear up the facts, especially when the
natural ones have been reported in such a different manner to the Spanish and French officials who
made the reports at different times, and by accepting what Your Excellency states regarding the French
forces believing they are in part of the occupied territories of the Germans, the potential seriousness of
these incidents disappears.
It is not surprising that the Sub-Governor of Elobey, in his
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273
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letter dated May 20, 1917, made the statements Your Excellency referenced regarding the towns of
N’Kolanvan and N’Volensok, since initially not being aware of where the events they were reporting took
place, and there being several towns with the same name, especially that of N’kolamban, some being
located in Spanish territory and another in territory occupied by the French; while the situation was not
cleared up, it was very risky to make a claim about events that could have happened south of the first
parallel north, in which case there would not have been grounds for any claim; furthermore, the situation
fell to one of the towns called N’Kolamban, whose location we were unable to establish during the
delimitation work, since it was so close to the first parallel north that both commissions agreed to check
the chronometers before definitively specifying its location, but once the Spanish official had verified that
the towns in question were those located north of N’Venayon and Itsan, and since these were located in
Spanish territory, there was no longer any doubt as to their location in said territory, much less could
there be any doubt for the Sub-Governor, who, accompanying me, had been in the towns of N’Volensok
and N’Kolamban more than two times; they are located north of N’Benayon at 1°7’ north, 12 ½ and 13
kilometers from said town, respectively.
As Your Excellency states in your letter, some of these towns were under German rule and were
included in the Von Moisel plan to the south of the first parallel north, which the Germans explained by
saying that since they belonged to the
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land assigned to Germany in the Treaty of 1911, they had been given to the French; but in 1914,
regarding the land for the Spanish-German delimitation mission, the geographical location of some of
these places was verified; it was seen that several of them were located north of the first parallel north
and therefore, were in Spanish territory. When the war was declared and the news arrived at the two
missions, this border delimitation work was suspended and an agreement on the work completed and
verifications made was created. The agreement was signed by me as head of the Spanish mission and
by Dr. Olshausen as head of the German mission in Akurinan, on the banks of the river Mia, on August
19 of that year. I am copying the following paragraphs from said agreement: “The Spanish and German
section of the Hispano-German Delimitation Commission between Spanish Guinea (continental land) and
the Protectorate of Cameroon met on July 5 and 6, 1914, in Asobela and Mebonde. From there, the two
sections traveled in the area of the first parallel north following the Tembouli river, on the one hand, and
the land located between this river and the 1° parallel, on the other hand, and followed this parallel to the
sites named Assok-Keigne and Abenayon, near Abenilan-Fula (from the Moisel map, 1914 edition). In
Assok-Keigne and Abenayon, the two sections met for the second time, and then separated in order to
research bodies of water and mountain ranges by walking along different columns, up to the region of the
Komo River, the M Mwu River, or the Abanga River. They met for the third time in Akurinan. The
commission regrets that as a result of the events in Europe, i.e., the hostilities that broke out between
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Germany and various other countries, it had to suspend its work at the time of the meeting in Akurinan.
From the astronomical observations made by the two sections, and the routes identified, it can be
deduced that the villages of Asobela, N’Sogodan, Anguma, Mebé, Edjan (Itsan), N’Benayon, Assok-
Keigne, N’Kumutun, Akema, Ebiang, Egamayon and Akurinan are in the Spanish Territory. On the other
hand, the villages of Mitombe, Assok-Nweing and Assok-Mencia are in the German Territory. With regard
to the village of N’Kolamban, it is so close to the 1° parallel that chronometers must be verified before
specifying the status.”
The verbatim copy of the paragraphs above fully justify the reason that, in my letter no. 439 dated
June 23, 1917, the towns referenced were cited as belonging to Spanish territory, having delivered a
Spanish flag and a provisional appointment to the chiefs of those towns in person, while the head of the
German mission was gathering the appointments and flags that the German authorities had provided; it
could have been that some of these chiefs had saved the German documents due to the brief cessation
of work, but this does not indicate anything against the situation of said towns in Spanish territory, and we
do not know why the then-Sub-governor of Elobey did not provide this information to the representatives
of Your Excellency, being unable to take into account what the chief of Asogo Keigne said to the
representative of Your Excellency, denied by the Spanish official, believing that Your Excellency, being
knowledgeable about these indigenous peoples, would agree with me when stating that if the Spanish
official had made the report after the one made by the French official, it is likely that
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he would have told him something similar to what was expressed to the representative of Your Excellency
regarding the Spanish official; and these indigenous chiefs were so convinced of being Spanish subjects
that as soon as the events giving rise to my letter no. 439 of 1917 occurred, they sent their complaints to
the nearest Spanish detachment, and asking them to establish a military post in those places, which
special circumstances had prevented from being established, the same as in other places on the border,
which I hope to do in some time.
From the work completed, routes made by the Spanish-German mission in 1914, and from the
geographical locations of the towns listed in the agreement created when separating the two missions, we
could deduce that in the Moisel plan of May 1, 191[illegible], the southern border of Spanish territory runs
north about three kilometers, having placed N’benayon in this location 1°-2’-40”, 7 latitude north and 10°-
18’-52”, 5 longitude east of Greenwich, and so for Mitombe we got 0°-59’-48” latitude north and 9°-55’-55”
longitude east of Greenwich.
In light of how much I have stated, and since until the impact on the occupied territories is
normalized, it will not be possible to continue the border delimitation work, I submit to Your Excellency
that we consider as towns belonging to Spanish territory those whose geographical location was obtained
by the Spanish-German mission and which are included in the agreement, a copy of which I am
transcribing in this letter, as well as all those in the von Moisel plan which are located north of those, such
as
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277
--
TRANSLATION
WATER STREET TRANSLATIONS
N’sogodan, Anguma Mabé, Esong, Akonike, Ebang, Itsan, Efó, Adyen, Nvanayon, Len, [illegible]sogo-
Kene, Ebiane, Akulenso, where Avelinang and Fula were, Keneyu [illegible]amayon, Tñang, Fegnebur,
Akoga, Osen or Oven, Nkumutum, Nvinayon, Nsogobut Akema, Akogonven or Akema Ngon, N’koniki,
Ebiang, Akok, Aboga (should be Anwora from the plan), Ebane, Nyon, Akulinsok, Ngon or Ayan,
Mamyengue, Asogonfen, Akolo, Afagna, Nsogolen, Akua, Nyemayon, Mansenga and Akurinan. Double
underlines were drawn under the towns located by astronomical observations, and single underlines were
drawn under those that are not included in the plan and turned out to be in Spanish territory; likewise we
propose to Your Excellency that starting with the meridian of Akurinan, to the east, given, as I’ve
expressed, that it runs along the border to the north which also, whereas a delimitation was not arrived at,
we consider the southern limit of the lightest pink line as the southern border, of the two drawn by von
Moisel on his plan to make the border more visible, which goes through Ayang, Nkumasa, Nsua,
Jinamessogo, and a little south of Bissobinan, and arriving at this modus vivendi, we could then have set
grounds, even if they are potential, to avoid all those small border incidents.
Regarding the attacks by the indigenous people as an organized force, although this may exist, I
would consider them difficult if something motivating these attacks did not occur first; it is true that the
indigenous people always flee when forces approach their towns, but this depends on their lifestyle, since
they were obligated to abandon the places in Africa where they lived at first, and the battle, during that
exodus, until they came to establish themselves, has
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WATER STREET TRANSLATIONS
made them distrusting; but in my many expeditions inland, I have been able to see that as soon as they
are convinced of the visitors’ peaceful intentions, they return to their towns and offer up everything they
have, and just based on some motive or due to some injustice committed against them is when they rise
up; and it is in the very places where the events giving rise to this correspondence took place I have been
for a few months. My soldiers have gone everywhere in pairs to carry out commissions they were
entrusted with, and not even the smallest incident ever occurred; on the contrary, the [illegible] received
and they gave all parties food in excess.
Regarding your letter no. 63 dated January 24, I wish to tell you that I am completely in
agreement with Your Excellency regarding the provisional adoption of considering as part of the eastern
border of Spanish territory the course of the river N’kye from the parallel 2°-10’-20” north to the source of
said river. I permit myself to send you a copy exactly equal to that which I am providing to my officials on
the northern border so they keep in mind this new limit, and given the positive reception Your Excellency
has given to the proposal I had the honor or making about this new limit, I allow myself today, in my
desire to avoid any incident, to make a proposal to Your Excellency that we could consider that limit to
where the river N’kye crosses the road from Ovang in Spanish territory to Mangume on the right banks of
the N’kye, which follows the limit, along the road that goes past Nmemayon to Makai, located on the left
bank of the river Bingueia; this river forms the rest of the border to its confluence with the river Benito or
Volo, and south of the Benito we could adopt as a provisional border the river Dua to
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WATER STREET TRANSLATIONS
its confluence with the Mwor, then the border follows this until it crosses the road that goes past Mwen,
Ngo, Asombe, Abama, and Asork until this road crosses the river Nse-N’koi-N’kan, whose rights banks
could constitute the limit of Spanish territory until it crosses the ninth meridian east of Paris by Aninsork,
from which point the left bank could form the French limit from Aninsork to Bisobinan; this way as long as
the borders are not definitively established, these I have indicated could provisionally be the limits of
Spanish territory; these are more tangible limits than the meridian, and this would dispel any incidents. I
ask that if Your Excellency accepts this proposal, please contact them me by cable to allow for the orders
on the specifics to be given in a timely manner, with the understanding that these limits would only be
provisional and we hope that a definitive delimitation can be established specifically; we believe we
should let Your Excellency know that this proposal is made in light of the plan of von Moisel of 1914, and
this proposal is accompanied by a sketch.
For my part, I can assure Your Excellency that I consider the incident giving rise to my letter no.
439 dated January 23, 1917, as completely finished; I apologize that my absence caused a delayed
response to Your Excellency, and I can assure Your Excellency that all my efforts will always be inclined
toward avoiding any friction, as slight as it may be, and I will always make an effort to keep the good
relations that have always existed between our two colonies in the same spirit of cordiality.
I ask that Your Excellency please be assured
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--
TRANSLATION
WATER STREET TRANSLATIONS
of my great esteem.
[signature]
Governor General
To His Excellency the Governor General of French Equatorial Africa
BRAZAVILLE
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Annex 67
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WATER STREET TRANSLATIONS, LLC
(212) 776-1713
10 East 39th Street, 12th Floor
New York, NY 10016
www.waterstreettranslations.com [email protected]
CERTIFICATION OF ACCURACY OF TRANSLATION
This hereby confirms that the foregoing translation was prepared by Jamie Hartz, a
linguist with substantial experience in the translation of documents from Spanish into
English, and Karen Brovey, a linguist with substantial experience in the translation of
documents from French into English, both being certified by the American Translators
Association.
Kent G. Heine, Managing Partner of Water Street Translations, LLC, hereby attests to the
following:
“To the best of my knowledge and belief, the foregoing translation is a true,
accurate, and unbiased translation into English of the French and Spanish
text attached herewith."
Kent G. Heine
Water Street Translations, LLC
February 23, 2021
_
Date
Annex 67
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■-
Annex 67
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cie sn le •·':;11.1..usuJ.n u.'9 onc'9 i:.1'3a<Ja, m-1:, 1•uS:1ron entrsg1.:· .. uc::.a p or el ;.;j4:,cr.gtcr10
.;_~11-';jru.l, f{U.':J 1nt-9rint:.ms nti.; t:htJempan6 ,l cc.rg o d<:t uolhrm1dor 1o1'.:iusrel
69- u.,i:i _ 24 d~ ~w;)ro uel c-iio corri•:mt~, d~ la,;; out!lss t'3ngo sl __ onor de
t::.c uau.:::· r·•Jcioo ~ r1u~si::. :::·e. ~c_,,J....,uoin., lem7nt.a.udo, cJu':3 circu.nat.enci~s "38-
nu.r:1F.i;11t1;7, por .l.o qu':3 pr':1n";into ~ IIU':u:1·t.re. lSXcel':)ncie.· mi~ t:tacuses •
. .a..':j.t'i1•1~11do11,~ tt SWi c~-:.~lo> u 0 316 d';, 10 • ds iiOVl<3mOr? d~ 1917, de- ;
. \ .fioi.uaent9 poJ.ria.u 1:1sol&r~oers11.t los '"fjo.boe , . eom•13 todo, cu~ndo los 1w.-
turtp.l~s los hc.11 ~e:r,;r1"1.o d.e tau d.iatiut& 100.uerc. t. los oficie.les eapaii~·l
y .C',bu1c~s qu._, ~11 ,pocu.s c.U.st.i1rta.a h1oi~ro11 la 111.t·orr::e.cion, y ed.r.i1t1'3n- . , ;:
do,'! lo -.i U-, !:'la11ii'i ➔ ljtc v-.,..,:,stra J£Xc'3l~ue1e. d~ qu~ lo; 1·u~rza franc.,ae ere-. // ~
y/f, re. ~a tar '¾n pe.rt~ U9 ios t~k ~;~QfJ.OS oof1ni.doi1 ' l
~- !. . . -··;;·':,~ : .'.~
.1/
t#ece . y· .
s:
A3l o~c.c~er cl~ u:av~~dild ~lU'3. ·'pud1~to1i '. t~v~ s1:.ir- f'.'lU':11-i.CB • 111cid~l1~~~t &¥.
-~o ~u as extr~~ ' ~~ q~; ,, ~l :=: ~:~u~f~d~~ _d? ~J.ob~y ~n aJ?t::i:!i
Annex 67
284
u~•~t;, U.':i!A. BO U,'.j Jllt:.~O a~ l9J.7 .u.iCi':;re. .1,,t;.S wanii' '.;)~tc:.oiv.ll~S iμ~ua l'U-;jSt,,
r'H, .:.::iJte-:;l•:,ncia .t-mci.e. re1 !ijr-:;ncit.. 1• 1:nlp?nt.o l J.oa pob.1.auos d':'t .iii" .c;;oan-
Li.i..i!tt oour:::•ict.o lO$ euc•~ao:a qva . .i ➔ uern.,Hcie..;.ueu, 'i sx1ati'9nao va.rios
:;?Ob.u~tws oon e.J. 1.:11amo uomiJX'~, '9i:';p~oiu .. .l.J:i.o;:nt."3 •:L. dg l~ "ko.J.runbet1, unoa
situ;..d.os 1~.n t':)r:t•it.orio '3ape-1iiol y otro '3.U .Leia t~rrit.orioa OC"4:p&d~s
1':a.H.,J. '::;;Ci:. il!.i. ui do • J.~ J. racl.w.lc.clou aJ. 0 una; u.<l':1~:.s, r•c,c~ic ..l.a cirCl.
llltH .. ;.;.01~ '.:Ill W.l.O J.~ ..LOS poola.uo ... .L-',C. .. ~do~~ zf"v.oli::.mbf-21, ds qus, ilL•r"C.l:ipw,
s ,.,"-#tabu. t,w1 c':::rca u-:,.l. l?l:.rO..li;';.l.O u::; 1° J.':7 l.ctituu .uort':i
1
q_u~ convi- :
u.L:ios £:Jibt .. G oo;;:tiliiOU':iS .1.W.0 1.:i:C Ul1t;.;, coi:1 1Ji'Gb-...cion U'ii los cro110J11,.,t~·os an- :
- !
L-::;i~ u.'i pr'3cisa:t:• ~J.1;,1·1111 tiv&.e11:mt.-9 1>U ;..;i tuv..cion, p7ro cor1probe.<io por 7J.J
oricie.l, -:,Syc.aol qu-9 loa poblu.uos '.:ill cu'jStio.u ':Jran los si tuedoa al j
loo U.? li "v~uayou 4 J. taen, J' '.;1:.rt.c11do 1;,st.oe si tuc.uo9 ::,u t'::i- J .J
?T!:ttorio '3a1,.m.~~(>l, ya ·uo oabia dude. r.:..l!.,wu::. C.C':'i.cov. d':I et:.. aitue.oion '::ill;f
J.io.n.o t .e.r.c·ttor1o, 7 m~.uo~ podia ~c:::.Q-:,r i;i31:. <.iu(j£. pc..ee. cqut:>l ~ubeOb<;i!fi
1:u.:.uor, qu,j ~o~panc.ua.om-:, •.1 !Ji, .i.w.bie. ?Stt.c.l.o eiaS ds dos v-so-=,s en l
poblc.:.uor.; J.? ~'i •vol-:l11ao1' y ~ •.itolambun situado . .; a.l .1. .. 0.rt? 1l1:1
,.m latitud. .i:wrt~ de 10 7", J. una diste.ucia d-91 ultihiO d::,
li:i loraetros r'j3J?'::iCti ve.rl1:.mt7.
Coz;io Vu-3at.ru. .i.xosl,;;1.1.cit:. man1f11;1ste. 911 SU ce.rte.,
!:iSOS pob.l.c.cioa !;iSt.UVi~ron bajO la domim:.cio1i e.i':Jmclw. y 1 .. igur-~be.li
al pluuo von Moiu~i a.l ~ur U>;jl parv.l1;,lo U':l 1° di:, -~e.ti.t.u<l .l.~o;t~f .'
' . ; ~
qu:;, los u.l':7?:Jruk,S ?Xplicabtl..u d.ici-.mao, q_us como pf:ttt~111;;ci~ut~s :e.},
·;. ..
Annex 67
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.r
la. ~ision .tlispuno-v.l.::,!~llu. lie J.elir:d.tv.cion, le. si tuaciou gsograf ice de
al11-u.uos d'9 ~qu,.,llos lugt:.t'?l3, s<:; v16, qu1~ ·tx:.staut'::;s d.e ':mtrs5 ~lloe eabe.
u t;,t1pla4e.dos t:.1 .cio!"·t. ,::; d.r;,l pal .. al~lo J.~ Ull f.§,r£::.do c!e lati tud liiorte y
por lo tuuto, -:111 t?.::--ritorio <;;apw"iol; u.l _uaolv.rars':1 la &-U':rcre., y ll~ge:
la uoticic. u. lt..a uos mh,iou-:,s, o~ ausp~rn.li~ron ,~qusllos tre.bajoa de d;0 •
siou u.l-3ue..ne en ..::uturi1m11, ~ orllla ual rio .£.iia, el 19 d-9 Agosto d-9 di~_
ol10 ano, d..,, cuyu. act.a oopio los ai6-ui'::int,.;s pe.rrcl'oa: "La. Section Es-9
,,
"' pagnol~ r;,t la All-sl:m.n1l1::1 d~ le. Qoi;miiasio11 d~ 0/:,li!:ii ta.tiou .ci.ispe.110-l~lle-
, ,.
.,, I::iauue '9Utr';1 lt::. uuill'.:F~ l.lS}?!.:.ISHOl;ij ( coutr;1:, contin1:mte.l':l ) et le Protec-"'1"
1 t.orv..£ d":1 ;<,.~m•..,rw1 1 se so.nt r•:n.miiJ 1-:; 5 '::t°ti 6 Juillr:,t 1914 e. Asob"9la ';3t ~
"1 M~bond.<;.. :::: JJe .le, l•;;s u.eux B7Ctioua out p;.;:.r-cou,_~ l?s ~lentours du pr; .. ,
,, mi.::;r pl:U'-cll~le d.r:, le..t.i t.uue l~oru au1ve.11t d 'u11e pu.rt, la rivi-:n"e Tsmbo1:11 •
..f" :l
11 et la ooutr~~ aitu~~ eiH,r'3 C'-7 :C'lr::,uve et 19 pr~msr dsgr4, d•autre pe.rtl
1 longe~rt. ce c.lsgre juaqu"a l "haut.-sr d~s li":1UX 110:tm~a .lUH30k- K-a1g118 st ,1--!
;'/ ,J
1 J.11
41 bauayo11 pr,;a u-s «-:.~nilru1Jula. (du ple.11 d1::1 Mois~ll suit.lob 1914) = '11
'1 ~J
1 .o. aaaok~.6.ei~ ':.it ••b-s1w.you .l.·;;;s Ul::i~ Q':7otioua s~ aont r,:,u.uis pour la
// c.h1uxi-sms f' ,_,1s, pour s~ B-:,pc-.r~r apr~a en VU':i <.11:, Oh':#rohsr eu mc.rc.b.a.nt
,,, colorn1ee div1;;rs':;ls, l-3B oours U".:'JO .fl':#UV':ia "jt. d."::is cordiller<:Ja de
.,, u1;;e jusqu'a le. regiou d-::, la. rivi~r~ A.omo, ds rivisre lii _liiwu, ou
/' rivi-.,re de A00.118t:'-, eihl~s ae sout r".:i'-!llia pour lt:.
~ nan ::::i La coa:u.saion regrett-::t qu'j en oons9qur:;noe d-ss evene:mants de
.,, rOp<;,• a ae.voir., l7s hoat.ilit~s qui out '::iclct4~s ':mtr'::; 1•1~119!:lell{;S
Annex 67
286
,;
,reunion a Akuriuano Par l~s obssrva.tions astronomiques fa.i.t':ls par l9s
// cieux ssctions, ainai conEie par lss i tin9raires levsss, 011 dedui t qus ,;
I, • , . '
1 lr:,s villag-3a tl.e .nsobr:,J.a, 1~ .:3oi:;;odan, A.nguma., a'.itbe, Edje,11 ( ltae.1i) Ii "be.!
11 nayon, Asso.i:i:-fh.ei~, :bi "kumutun, Ak-sima., Bbiang·, Ege.may on et -'i.kurinan s~
0
~ dana le ·.rerritoire b:apagnole. Au oontrair~ l~s villa.gee iilitombe, 1u3so.k
'I 1.,.weiug et oU.<Jsok.-u':JQV.ia as trouve11t dans L, terri toire d "Allema.ng~,
lr ,Quant au village de ~ '~olruabau, c':ilui-ci, .sst ai pr4s de le parallsle..,.
.... a copia. lit?ral d'.:i J..os parrc::.?os v.nteriores
1
justifican pl61w.U':
mt-9 ::;l porque ?11 mi cu::.r·ta 11° 439 d.7 25 d<J J'L.:inio d.s 1917, fueroi1 citE,
dos co:rao p<Jrten':JCi':7ntes • al t-s:::•ri torio :;;spariol los poble.dos a qur:, hacii ,
r''5f':1reucia. 1 he.bi".:illdO <.;;ntrf:lgatlo -311 p-9rso11a e los jr:,f"ss de ':1606 pot:lau.N'
una. brumera 6Spwiola y u11 11or:1brar.u,:mto pr0Yiaio11al, en tanto que por ;;;
deras de que las a.utoricu:.d7s e.l?nianc.s lss .i:ie.bian provisto; pudiencto i u .
b';;ir suc-sdido, que alO1lllO l.lo 'jSOs j':lf~s hayau cons~rvcdo los dooumm1to f)
a.lemanss por la brusca c1:,aacion de los tre.be.joa; pero iJJllo uo irnlica J,
~i
na<.l.a en .contra. de la situacion de uic.c1os pobla.d.os en territorio eapa- 1'.
- ti
f}
nol, 1gnoram.lo el porque '9l ,.mtonces Subgoberuac.t.or de Elobey no :faci-H
rli
t6 estos dat.oa • .t los rapras,mtautas .d.1, V"~:stra. Ex.01:,lenci.e.J uo pu. ;div .•.. : .• •:
1
•.
do t,o~cr •:m cousider-acion el die.no del Js:fe'Y-Aso,go ti.6igt18 e.l r-sprss1;:;4L,
• .~
t.s d~ Vuestro. E.xci.:tl'.:)ncia, negado por el ofioial ':1Spa.iiol1 crsye11do qu€.f i'tt . . . . . <f/
lj'u~stra. IDtcslelloia, OOllOC•zHiOr cl-s ,3stos indig€tlltl.S I sstara, 0011.for:m.e oc{ z.
mi.go, · al .WJ.uif f:istar.1 qu~; ai el of :i.cial espe.iiol htibie,ra. h1:1cho lf,l, i:nf.\$~
Elil.oion d.espUes d.e la ll-soba por el of'ioial frllolie.ea, ea proba.bla que ii·
ii
I
Annex 67
287
. s,.mt.aut.? cls l/uo9stre. .ri;XC':,l$llOi&. sobr':J el ofioial eape
ilolj 'J tau couv"juciuos .:;,staban >:iStos j':lf ':1s i.udigenas
d-3 s?r sub-.:1.i toa '::iSpanoli:1B I que tun pr•o1.:.to oour)?iero11
::,nviaron sus queja.a al di:,st.e.cv.r:is11to SBpwiol mas proun
pu.r:,sto mili tar, qu➔ circunste.11cias 7Sp1;,cial,:,s ha11 i1:1p-3did.o see ~s/i,
iablr:,cido, lo r.:usr:10 que ,:;n otros lug;u.rss d.e la froHt'::lra,lo qus 1:,spero
hac<:,r en e.lgun ti':iw.1JO•
.iJ6 los trebcjos r&alizados, iti11';3-re..rio :.; .tBcnos por la. !jis~
on .dispv.110-.nl!:i.r:w.na -911 1914, y d1:, las situ£.oion::1s geogr~f'ices d,:;· los
blc.d.os qw; S'::i ci tan sn ~l act.:::. l'='vautaua al sspv.rcrs,._:; lc.s d.os ru.sioi1?
a, pudi-oos cied.uoir, qw:; -:m t.:tl pla.110 ds Moisel d':1 1° d.e .hie.yo ds 191•:
la .t'ront?ra .Jur W:;;l t7rr1torio ::,spaiiol, esta · corride. li.£,cia el rrnrte
alrred;:,dor d-9 trea kilo!:'Btroa, .i:lab1:;;ndo obtenido para li'b,rnayon la.
siguiente sitUL:.01011 1° - 2•.- 40• 1 7 cle La.titud .Norte y 10°-18•-52•,5
de longitud ~sts d~ ureenwih asi oomo obtuvimos para hlitomb? 00-59•.
46• d-9 le.titud horta y 9° - 55•- 56 11 de longitud Este de G-reenwih •
.Li:n vista d.e ouanto llevo manif':;)sta.do, y co~o hasta. que
qued~ normo.lizauo _ ouc.nto a.t-scta a los tsrritorios ocupedos no s;;;rl poeible
proceder l continua:c los tra.bajos d':l delimi ta.cion ue frontsras,
pi:1i~m1 to so:ia.:;ter J. 'wu~stra. b:Xc~le.noia. el que sr;, consid?re corao popert,:
meci::mte-s _al t-,:critor:i.o ·(:;spe.nol aqu"3llos . que obtenida su
geogra.fica por la msion a1spa.110--Alema.na. :figure.ii -sn· 1:11 ae..,; '. -' _;
_·, !
en '.7Ste. ~o.rte., asi como todos los· qus. _sn .. \
:- :"'- °t
Mois1:1l :t:"igurP..11 situa.doa e.l .Norte de ellos talss como ' ·: l
:,·f
\: [
_____ _ . )SH f
Annex 67
288
!==!1~, ~!B.£ li!:,BE, Esoug, .:~011ike, 11:bang, :¼~§.ui.. Ef'o 1 .A~jeu,
~!~;!~~~.!. Len, eblg.Ji.a:::;~~i}~, Ebio.ne, A.kulenso, lugar do11d':i ":rntuvieron
Avelinang y ll'ula., AEmeyu~emayon, 'fiiang, .;teguebur, Akoga, Os<:,11 u ·oven
~-,·~E_E :_u __ ~--~..! ~vi11ayo11, l~aogobut A1'6r.ia ..,. JD!og_ o11ve11 ~,. A.kema a,;_: ;:O.l_'. >•J #.. a:•o niki.,
:!>~~~1 A&tok, Aboga ( debe ser- anwwora del ple.1:0 )· Eben'::I, l~yon, akuli:nsok,
J.~gon o Aya11~ .hie.myengua, "'1.sogo1:i;'e11;, Molo, Afag11a.1 ~ogolsn, .e.J:n:w., i'-i.ys""•
-:tW-.y-on-, ,, Mk ans-.,uga Y a~i!.J£.E.t .J. __ bie'1do aubr·,,.ava.do 0011 dos reyas los po- ;I t , : 11~ . ==--=---~ ~ '- - .,,
blados aitua.cloa por obs'.7rvaciorn,s cstrouomcas, y co:.1 une. aola aquedo
ue Bstar corrida la fronter-a hacia ~l J:,jorte el que, ta..,.abisn ':'1n ta.u-
Lu t':1 ;;;;ur d.e la liw,a rosa mes pa.lido de los dos qus pinta von .t.ioia,.,l
1::,11 su plano para hacer mc.s Yisible la t'ront'::lra.1 y 41.ie pasa por ayang,
.i)jkux::w.sa., .1»sue., Jiua.raessogo y w1 poco al Gur de Sissobim.',L~ y ll':'1gados
a ':iSte ~ v1v1:111di, podria1:1os dt:7Sde. lui:igO tener une. base f'ija,
e.w1 cue.11do evt:111tuc.l, para evi tar todoa esos pequenos inoid1:1nt':1a de
front era.
Jii:;speoto t! ios ataques de loa indigsnas e. f'usrze orge.nizcda,
si bieu pu1;1de ~xistir, loa conaidero difioiles ai e.ntes no he.
ocurrido algo que :r:iotive '='aos ataquea; ea ci-erto qus los indig'311e.a
11uye11 siemp:re. tt la aproxir,iaoion de .fu".iJrZa a aus pobla.dos, p-sro est·o
uep;_,uue de su geu1:,ro d.:; vie.la desde que fiH, vieron oblige.dos t:. aba11do
·1mr loa lugarea del Africa do11de pri:mitivw:&ente habitaban, .Y la 1ucba
1 aurante, ~se exodo1 .ru:..sta que ban ll..;gado a r:,sta.bl?cerse, lea ha
Annex 67
289
.nee.no r1:,celosos; pero '311 ?;1ia ra:u.che.s ':FXpecliciones al interior, h9 podido
aprecic;:.r qu-s r..au p,ronto cci:io s-9 convsnc~n d•7 le.s int:.:1ncionr3s paeific1;;,
s <.te los v1sita.11t-9a, 1,uelvi911 & aus pobla,d.os, y faoilitan tod.o
cuauto tit::;neu, y que solo con un moti vo .funJr,do 6 por e.lt:,una inJustioia
com<:Jtida. con sllos, es cuamlo se revuelv•_;m; y prscisai:ients en lof:'
lugar':;s ci:_>110.':i ocurri'-Jrou los suc~sos que !:!O"ti van asta corr7spond-911cit::
h':l :;,stado alguuos messs, mis aoldados .he.11 1do ~ todas partes ~n p2.ra-:, ·
jus para d.6S'3 I::lp'3iiD.r comsionss que $~ l':iS. <)Ont'ie.be.n, y Ja.~s ocurrio
?l ntl.s pequ.:.:;ri.o iuci.J;:;Hte, al oontrario, 0e~f:,~otl:~cii.Dt~a:'.-',i}..lit~~tt~aij ' • . • • ;I"' •• '"
recibidos y -sn tod.1s part?s le fo.cilitaron co:m..i .. da con exc<.:;so.
fo<;;ata.rl? qu'::l ,sstoy oompletam511te cle e.cu ➔rdo con Vu-sstre E!xcsl~11cia. so
bre· la adopciou pr0Yisio11a.l ue consid.srar COL'lO pe,;.r•ts (19 · la fro11t<;,ra
P'=-ruitisrn.l.ome 9HYh'.rls wm. copia. •::,xactam1;;nt•s lgue.l a 11.:.. ~us fe.oilito
uido le. proposicicm qu.-:;i tuv'3 71 ho11or de h2.c'3r11:7 aobr? -sst,s nuevo limite,
L19 p6rm.ito hoy, en :mi d?s-so ue evitar tod.o inciclsnta el propoll?
r a Vu~stre. ~O':ileuoia, qus podiamos consid1ira:!' 9ss li!!ii ta hasta el
cruc':1 uel rio J.'i 'kJ'3 00:i.1 el ca:mino que dssd.e ovu11g en terri torio espa-flol
va a £Jltl.ll[;Ul:l'.3 situcdo ell la ori.ila <i?r~clw. d.-9 lil"kys, qui:, aige.· al
• t1m1te po:r- el ca4ii110 qus pe.sa. por .Nm.e:mayon haste Makai aitue.do eu la . ·. I ,
\
ot-illa. izquierd.ti de+ rio Bingueia. oouatituyendo e1;1t,.3 rto el rssto de;
:io. :rront!:)l':'a haste. su conflui911cia. con el Rio B':inito 6 Volo; y
4,,el 1,eni to .po<lia:Llos adopter como
Annex 67
290
ta au cont'lU':mcia co:1 ;:,l .iilwor, siguiendo la front ➔ ra d.':rnpuss por est~ ·
reo.haa pw:,deu coustibuip el liui te usl t":i::."ri toz':i.o 6s:pailol h£.ste su cruyo
pu11to pw:;d.e la ortlla izqui":trda t'orr::w.r el 1i1::tit'.;; .fre.noes rl,=;,s,1.e ~-\ninsork
ru::.stc. Bisobina11; <.l-:1 -:1ste 41oclo yen tanto no s,:, fijen definitivaID':;
llte le.s f:cont':,res, sste.s qus indico pociria s1;:;r :prov:ision.alr.i?nte loa
l1.mit6s del tsrritorio '.:JSpa.riol, liraitea .c:;m.s t"'-nt;ibl ➔ s que el !:lsridie.110,
y 6Sto alsju.ria toclo i11cill'7llte, rogando l Vu'::istra ~xc6l':incia qu? cl'::I alh,_.
ceptar 8sta propo.sicion .SE7 sirvu. cor.nmict:.Mo por cabl-9 para poder dar
las o:cd611ss op,J:."tu:.1a;:; .so bra sl particular, ':Hl ':ll bien •::mtendido ,,qu~ m1icc1w311te
t':7:UU:"an ,;;stos lir:li.tea un cu.ract,s;r provisiom::,l 1 -:,Sp5ramlo qus u11e,
delimi te.cicn dhfinitiva pueda f'i jarlas execte,r:i,.mt.s; crsy'.:iinclo dsb6r he.C?
r k3ab,;;r ~ Vus;stre, Gxcbl?HCia qU.'3 sate. proposiGiOll ':iSta hscha t~mi911 .. ;
do l la vistu. e.l plano d,J vou .i.oisel ds 19141 aco1;ipaiiando m1 croquia
de ,satu. proposiciono
.l!c_r mi pa!'t':1 pu?dO v.01;;e>ur&r l. Vu';:lstre. Exci:;lenc1e.
qw~ h~ oousid':1!'<-'-d.O terr.1inado por co1..1pl'::1tO i_H inoid.ente que :motivo tni
cc.rte. uo 439 dt:i 23 <le j;nsro de 1917, lallentando qu? :cii a.usencie. haya
sido tiotivo del ret.e.rJ.o '::Ill coutestar a '\/u-9strc ~xc~lsncia et quisn pu~- . I
do a.s7gurar que todos .rais eafu-3rzos te11d13ra11 siempr-9 £ r;,vitar cualqui:,r
rozami.•:mto por ligsro que sea y qu-s me esforza1"e sisI:1pre en· ma.nten<:7r
'be.Jo ,;,l mismo pi~ de oorclialiclad la.a buanas relaciones que ~.i'itmpre han
ex1stido eutre nu.;;stras dos Oolo.nias.
~ut3go & Vu':1sti~a Exoalsnc:l.a se sirve. aceptar if?. ss&·uri ...
\
\
Annex 67
291
_Ld'~-~--
- v'/0
r
boberne.dor u-s11'9ral dal Africa. Ecuatorial ..irre..nc"3sa

Annex 68
Letter from French Minister of Colonies to Minister of Foreign Affairs (24 November 1919)

Annex 68
295
TRANSLATION
Year CCLXVIII. – Tome IV. Wednesday, December 11, 1929 No. 345 – Page 1593
MANAGEMENT-ADMINISTRATION [Coat of Arms] SALE OF ISSUES
[illegible] Carmen, No. 29, Intermediate level. Ministry of Interior, First floor
Telephone No.: 12.322 0.5 cents per issue
GAZETTE OF MADRID
DIGEST
_______
Official part.
Presidency and External Affairs.
Royal decree promoting the legation
in Budapest, Manuel García de
Acilu y Benito, to Minister
Plenipotentiary, Second Class. –
Page 1594.
Other to Juan Francisco de Cárdenas
y Rodríguez de Rivas, and ordering
that he continue providing services
with that designation in Bucharest.
– Page 1594.
Other promoting the legation in
Guatemala, Rafael de Ureua y
Sanz, to Minister Plenipotentiary,
Third Class. – Page 1594.
Other promoting the legation in Rio
de Janeiro, José María Estrada y
Acebal, to Secretary, First Class.. –
Page 1594.
Ministry of Treasury
Royal decree granting a building that
was the Convent of the
Benedictines in Plaza Leon XIII, in
the village of Celanova, Province of
Orense, free of charge to that
village. – Page 1594 and 1595.
Presidency of the Council of
Ministers
Royal order granting to Amparo
Aguilar 150 hectares of land in
Basajil, Island of Fernando Póo,
under the conditions stated. – Page
1595.
Other to Aurora Cobo de Guzmán y
Moreno, 150 hectares of land in
Basajil, Island of Fernando Póo,
under the conditions stated. – Page
1595.
Other to Gonzalo Sbarbi Martín,
2,500 hectares of land in
Continental Guinea on the Mian
river, under the conditions stated. –
Pages 1595 and 1596.
Other to Francisco Padrón y Malián,
100 hectares of land on the banks
of the Utonde river, next to the
Mikomesen highway, under the
conditions stated. – Page 1596.
Ministry of Interior
Royal order resolving proceedings
involving José Rojas Reina in the
manner set forth. – Pages 1596
and 1597.
Other designating the persons listed
to form the interim board of the
Central Panel of the Secretariat. –
Pages 1597 and 1598.
Other granting licenses to nurses and
an extension to the named Mail
and Telegraph officials. – Pages
1598 and 1599.
Other awarding to Ramón Nuño
Arbesu de Oviedo the tender for
devices for the building housing the
Association of Children of Security
and Government Officials. – Page
1599.
Ministry of Public Education and
Fine Arts
Royal order mandating hiring for the
vacant position of drawing and
modeling instructor in the Central
School for Deviants. – Page 1600.
Other organizing a rehearsal for a
winter school class subject to the
conditions listed. – Page 1600.
Other assigning 1,000 pesetas for
the 1929 fiscal year to each of the
directors of the agricultural fields
annexed to the national schools
listed. – Pages 1600 and 1601.
Other mandating the acquisition of
one hundred units of sericulture
material for such national schools
as are deemed appropriate. –
Pages 1601 and 1602.
Other authorizing the holding of a
meeting of teachers in the normal
schools in this court from
December 18-20. – Page 1602.
Other to Ramón Martínez López
granting him the position of
literature instructor in the Ibiza
Institute. – Page 1602.
Other to Matías Agüero Ortega so
that he may assume his position in
the National Institute of Secondary
Education in Valladolid – Page
1602.
Other granting a month of sick leave
to Jesús de la Peña Seiquer,
literature instructor at the Requena
local institute of secondary
education. – Pages 1602 and
1603.
Other ordering that a tender process
be opened for the purchase of
paper to be used in the Official
Bulletin and other publications
issued by this Ministry. – Page
1603.
Ministry of Development
Royal order mandating the formation
in the terms specified of the Union
of Coal Storage and Import
Workers of the Vigo, Marín, and
Arosa estuaries. – Page 1603.
Ministry of Labor and Welfare
Royal orders resolving complaints
brought by Carmen de Vizcarrondo
Martínez and Antonio García
Valladares regarding payment of
interest and repayment of a state
loan for [illegible]. – Pages 1603
and 1604.
Other regarding the consultation by
the local professional development
trust in Jaen. – Page 1604.
Other ordering that the division of
the Valencia Joint Committee on
Steel working, Metallurgy, and
Alloys that will represent the
Sagunto steel working industry be
comprised in the manner
indicated. – Page 1604.
Other ordering that the joint
committees referred to be
comprised in the manner indicated.
– Page 1604 and 1605.
Ministry of National Economy
Royal order granting the
authorizations listed in order to
make substitutions or amendments
to the machinery industries listed. –
Page 1605.
Central Administration
PRESIDENCY. – Qualifying Board
for Applicants to the Public Service
– Special competition held this past
November. – List of names of
armed forces personnel who have
been detailed to the division of
traffic light ordinances within the
General Directorate of Navigation,
process announced on the 15th of
WATER STREET TRANSLATIONS
Annex 68
296
OFFICIAL PART No. 2589.
TRANSLATION
1594 December 11, 1929 Gazette of Madrid – No. 345
every month, and complaints Technical Corps of Advocates. – Ordering that Ramón Grosso Portillo
dismissed for the reasons listed. – Page 1607. be included on the list of persons
Page 1605. General Directorate of Registries from the Civil Marine medical corps
General Directorate of Morocco and and Notaries. – Announcing published in the GAZETTE on
the Colonies. – Civil Section of vacancies in the property registries December 7, 1926. – Page 1608.
Colonial Affairs. – List of conditions indicated. – Page 1607. DEVELOPMENT. – General
for the auction of 99 hectares of GOVERNANCE.- General Directorate of Mines and Fuels. –
land for special crops, located in Directorate of Security. – List of Personnel. – Announcing a
the Niefan, Spanish Continental officials from the security services vacancy for an engineer in the
Guinea. – Page 1606. who, by virtue of Royal orders Practical School of Miners,
General Secretariat for Foreign dated the 5th of this month, have Smelters, and Machinists in
Affairs. – Central Division. – been promoted to the positions set Belmez. – Page 1608.
Adversarial Matters. – Announcing forth, noting their level and date of SINGLE ANNEX. – MARKET. –
the deaths of various Spanish seniority in detail. – Page 1607. AUCTIONS. – PROVINCIAL
subjects abroad. – Page 1607. General Directorate of Health. – ADMINISTRATION. –
JUSTICE AND WORSHIP. – General Authorizing the provincial institutes ANNOUNCEMENTS OF PRIOR
Directorate of Legal and of hygiene and the city councils of PAYMENT. – EDICTS.
Ecclesiastical Matters.- Granting the places listed
one month of sick leave to Eduardo to engage in the health-focused
Gómez de Baquero, Chief of activities of disinfection, and insect
Section, Second Class, of the and rodent removal. – Page 1608.
______
His Majesty King Alfonso XIII (May
God Keep Him), Her Majesty Victoria
Eugenia, His Royal Highness the
Prince of Asturias and Infantes, and
other august members of the Royal
Family continue to live in good health
and without any news to report.
______
THE PRESIDENCY AND FOREIGN
AFFAIRS
ROYAL DECREES
No. 2588
In view of the circumstances
affecting Manuel Garcia de Acilu y
Benito, my Minister Plenipotentiary,
Third Class, in Guatemala; upon
proposal of the President of My
Council of Ministers and in
accordance therewith,
I do hereby promote him to Minister
Plenipotentiary, Second Class, to
assume the vacancy in this category
caused by the promotion of Viscount
Francisco Martínez de Galinsoga y
de la Serna, and to assign him to my
legation in Budapest, on the
understanding that this appointment
corresponds to the third level which
Article 37 of the Regulations on
Career Diplomats provides for
promotions via selection from among
active officials in the immediately
preceding class.
Given in the Palace, on December
9, 1929. ALFONSO
The President of the Council of Ministers
MIGUEL PRIMO DE RIVERA Y OBRANEJA
In view of the circumstances
affecting Juan Francisco de
Cárdenas y Rodríguez de Rivas, my
Minister Plenipotentiary, Third Class,
in Bucharest; upon proposal of the
President of My Council of Ministers
and in accordance therewith,
I do hereby promote him to Minister
Plenipotentiary, Second Class, to
assume the vacancy in this category
caused by the retirement of Angel de
Ranero y Rivas, and to order that he
continue providing services to this
Legation, on the understanding that
this appointment corresponds to the
second level which Article 37 of the
Regulations on Career Diplomats
provides for promotions via seniority
from among officials in the
immediately preceding class.
Given at the Palace on December
9, 1929.
ALFONSO
The President of the Council of Ministers
MIGUEL PRIMO DE RIVERA Y OBRANEJA
No. 2580.
In view of the circumstances
affecting Rafael de Ureña y Sanz,
Secretary First Class, in my legation
in Rio de Janeiro; upon proposal of
the President of my Council of
Ministers and in accordance
therewith,
I do hereby promote him to Minister
Plenipotentiary, Third Class, to
assume the vacancy caused by the
promotion of Manuel García de Acilu
y Benito, and to assign him to my
legation in Guatemala, on the
understanding that this
appointment corresponds to the
second level which Article 37 of the
Regulations on Career Diplomats
provides for promotions via seniority
from among officials in the
immediately preceding class.
Given in the Palace on December
9, 1929. ALFONSO
The President of the Council of Ministers
MIGUEL PRIMO DE RIVERA Y OBRANEJA
No. 2591.
In view of the circumstances
affecting José Maria Estrada y
Acebal, Secretary Second Class, in
my legation in Mexico,
I do hereby promote him to
Secretary First Class and assign him
to serve in this capacity in my
legation in Rio de Janiero to assume
the vacancy caused by the promotion
of Rafael de Ureña y Sanz, on the
understanding that this appointment
corresponds to the second level
which Article 27 of the Regulations
on Career Diplomats provides for
promotions via seniority from among
officials in the immediately preceding
class.
Given in the Palace on December
9, 1929.
ALFONSO
The President of the Council of Ministers
MIGUEL PRIMO DE RIVERA Y OBRANEJA
________
MINISTRY OF TREASURY
WATER STREET TRANSLATIONS
Annex 68
297
TRANSLATION
Gazette of Madrid – No. 345 December 11, 1929 1595
ROYAL DECREE
No. 2592
In accordance with my Council of
Ministers, upon proposal of the
Ministry of Treasury,
I hereby decree the following:
Single Article. The town council of
Celanova, in the province of Orense,
is granted rights to the building that
served as the Benedictine convent in
plaza Leon XIII in that town, free of
charge.
Such concession shall be
understood as occurring subject to the
provisions of the Royal Decree-Law
dated October 2, 1927, and for the
purposes of permitting that town
council to install its City Hall in that
building, as well as city schools and
other departments.
The Ministry of Treasury shall
adopt all necessary provisions in
order to execute this Royal Decree.
Given in the Palace on December
10, 1929.
ALFONSO
The Minister of the Treasury
JOSÉ CALVO SOTELO
_______
PRESIDENCY OF THE COUNCIL
OF MINISTERS
ROYAL ORDERS
No. 466
Honorable Sir: Having seen the
proceeding commenced as a result of
the request filed on April 29 with the
General Government of the Spanish
Territories of the Gulf of Guinea by
Amparo Aguilar, in which she seeks to
be granted 150 hectares of land in
Basajil on the island of Fernando Póo
in the form of a redeemable leasehold
for special crops on land having
defined limits:
It being the case that following the
announcement of the auction of such
marked-off land in the GAZETTE OF
MADRID and the Official Bulletin, no
bidder has materialized:
Whereas, pursuant to the
provisions of Article 24 of the
regulations governing the property
regime in that colony, when no bidder
shows up to an auction, the auctioned
property shall be awarded to the
person who requested it:
Whereas, this concession is being
made by virtue of the authorization
granted under Article 21 of the Royal
Decree dated July 11, 1904,
pertaining to the property regime in
the Spanish Possessions of the Gulf
of Guinea; Chapter VII of those
regulations; and the Royal Decrees
dated May 7, 1926 and May 5, 1926
and all other concordant provisions,
His Majesty the King (May God
Keep Him) sees fit to order the
following:
1. Amparo Aguilar is granted a
redeemable leasehold for a duration
of 50 years subject to payment of
three pesetas per hectare per year on
150 hectares of land in Basajil on the
island of Fernando Póo, consisting in
the private property of the Spanish
government, for the cultivation of
special crops, as referred to in the list
of auction conditions published in the
GAZETTE OF MADRID dated
September 4, 1929, within the
following limits: to the north, big river;
to the south, government-owned
forest; to the east, lands requested by
Dionisio Redondo; and to the west,
the limit of the Alenya concession.
2. Within this concession, it
will be necessary to break up the area
that may correspond to discrete,
communal, or indigenous property as
of the date of the award.
3. This concession is to be
carried out pursuant to Article 21 of
the Royal Decree dated July 11,
1904, and all other aforementioned
and concordant provisions on this
issue.
I do hereby communicate news of
this Royal Order to Your Excellency
for your knowledge and such
purposes as you deem fit. May God
Keep Your Excellency Many Years.
Madrid, December 6, 1929.
P.D.
The Director-General
DIEGO SAAVEDRA
The Governor-General of the Spanish
Territories of the Gulf of Guinea.
No. 467
Honorable Sir: Having seen the
proceeding commenced as a result of
the request filed on April 29 with the
General Government of the Spanish
Territories of the Gulf of Guinea by
Federico Arriaga y Estrada, in the
name of his wife, Aurora Cobo de
Guzmán y Moreno, in which he seeks
to be granted 150 hectares of land in
Basajil on the island of Fernando Póo
for the cultivation of special crops on
land having defined limits:
It being the case that following the
announcement of the auction of such
WATER STREET TRANSLATIONS
marked off land in the GAZETTE OF
MADRID and the Official Bulletin, no
bidder has materialized:
Whereas, pursuant to the
provisions of Article 24 of the
regulations governing the property
regime in that colony, when no bidder
shows up to an auction, the auctioned
property shall be awarded to the
person who requested it:
Whereas, this concession is being
made by virtue of the authorization
granted under Article 21 of the Royal
Decree dated July 11, 1904,
pertaining to the property regime in
the Spanish Possessions of the Gulf
of Guinea; Chapter VII of those
regulations; and the Royal Decrees
dated May 7, 1926 and May 5, 1926
and all other concordant provisions,
His Majesty the King (May God
Keep Him) sees fit to order the
following:
1. Aurora Cobo de Guzmán y
Moreno is granted a redeemable
leasehold for a duration of 50 years
subject to an annual payment of three
pesetas per hectare on 150 hectares
of land in Basajil on the island of
Fernando Póo, consisting in the
private property of the Spanish
government, for the cultivation of
special crops, as referred to in the list
of auction conditions published in the
GAZETTE OF MADRID dated
September 4, 1929, within the
following limits: to the north, the
concession granted to Amparo
Aguilar; to the south, governmentowned
forest; to the east, lands
requested by José Maria Arriaga; and
to the west, the limit of the Alenya
concession.
2. Within this concession, it
will be necessary to break up the area
that may correspond to discrete,
communal, or indigenous property as
of the date of the award.
3. This concession is to be
carried out pursuant to Article 21 of
the Royal Decree dated July 11,
1904, and all other aforementioned
and concordant provisions on this
issue.
I do hereby communicate news of
this Royal Order to Your Excellency
for your knowledge and such
purposes as you deem fit. May God
Keep Your Excellency Many Years.
Madrid, December 7, 1929.
P.D.
The Director-General
DIEGO SAAVEDRA
The Governor-General of the Spanish
Territories of the Gulf of Guinea
Annex 68
298
TRANSLATION
1596 December 11, 1929 Gazette of Madrid – No. 345
No. 468
Honorable Sir: Having seen the
proceeding commenced as a result of
the request filed on February 12,
1928, and provided to this Office of
the Directorate-General for Morocco
and the Colonies by Gonzalo Sbarbi
Martín, in which he seeks to be
granted 2,500 hectares of land for
forestry exploitation in the Muni
territory within determined
boundaries:
It being the case that no bidder
appeared during the auction of this
marked-off land:
Whereas, pursuant to the
provisions of the auction, Article 24 of
the regulations governing the property
regime in that colony, when no bidder
shows up to an auction, the auctioned
property shall be awarded to the
person who requested it:
Whereas, this concession is being
made pursuant to the provisions of
Articles 20 and 21 of the Royal
Decree dated July 11, 1904; the
Royal Decree dated May 5, 1926; the
Royal Order dated August 1, 1928;
and all other concordant provisions,
and concerning such private,
communal, or indigenous property
existing in the concession as of the
date of this award,
His Majesty the King (May God
Keep Him) sees fit to order the
following:
1. Gonzalo Sbarbi Martín is
granted such land for a period of 20
years subject to payment of one
peseta per hectare per year on 2,500
hectares of land consisting in the
private property of the Spanish
government on the Guinean
continent on the Mian river near
Mebonde, within the following limits:
to the north, government-owned
forest via parallel line to the Mian
river; to the south, governmentowned
forest via another line, parallel
to the one comprising the northern
limit, having equal length and 1,000
meters from the Mian river; to the
east, government-owned forest via a
line which connects the end of the
northern line to the southern line
covering 2,000 meters and being
bisected by the Mian river; and to the
west, government-owned forest via
another line parallel to the eastern
one that runs from north to south of
equal length, at the center of which is
River Mian.
2. Within this concession, it
will be necessary to break up the
area that may correspond to discrete,
communal, or indigenous property as
of the date of the award.
3. This concession is to be
carried out pursuant to the
aforementioned legal provisions as
well as those contained in the list of
auction conditions and all other
legislatively applicable rules,
I do hereby communicate news of
this Royal Order to Your Excellency
for your knowledge and such
purposes as you deem fit. May God
Keep Your Excellency Many Years.
Madrid, December 10, 1929.
P.D.
The Director-General
DIEGO SAAVEDRA
The Governor-General of the Spanish
Territories of the Gulf of Guinea.
No. 469
Honorable Sir: Having seen the
proceeding commenced as a result of
the requests filed on February 15 and
December 28, 1928, and submitted to
this General Government by
Francisco Padroa y Melian, in which
he seeks to be granted 100 hectares
of land for the special cultivation of
coffee in continental Guinea, adjacent
to the Mikomesen highway, bordering
the Utonde river, and within
determined boundaries:
It being the case that no bidder
appeared during the auction of this
marked-off land:
Whereas, pursuant to the
provisions of the auction, Article 24 of
the regulations governing the property
regime in that colony, when no bidder
shows up to an auction, the auctioned
property shall be awarded to the
person who requested it:
Whereas, this concession is being
made pursuant to the provisions of
Article 21, paragraph (b) of the Royal
Decree dated July 11, 1904; the Royal
Decrees dated May 5 and May 7,
1926; and all other concordant
provisions, and concerning such
private, communal, or indigenous
property existing in the concession as
of the date of this award,
His Majesty the King (May God
Keep Him) sees fit to order the
following:
1. Francisco Padrón y Melian
is granted a redeemable leasehold for
a duration of 50 years subject to an
annual payment of two pesetas per
hectare on 100 hectares of land
consisting in the private property of
the Spanish government, for the
cultivation of coffee, along the banks
of the Utonde river, next to the Mikomesen
highway, and within the following limits: to
the north, government-owned forest; to the
south, the route to Mikomesen; to the east,
the Utonde river; and to the west,
government-owned forest.
2. Within this concession, it will
be necessary to break up the area that may
correspond to discrete, communal, or
indigenous property as of the date of the
award.
3. This concession is to be
carried out pursuant to the aforementioned
legal provisions, the provisions contained in
the list of auction conditions, and all other
legislatively applicable rules.
I do hereby communicate news of this
Royal Order to Your Excellency for your
knowledge and such purposes as you deem
fit. May God Keep Your Excellency Many
Years. Madrid, December 10, 1929.
P.D.
The Director-General
DIEGO SAAVEDRA
The Governor-General of the Spanish
Territories of the Gulf of Guinea.
_____
MINISTRY OF INTERIOR
ROYAL ORDERS
No. 1463
Honorable Sir: Having examined the
proceedings heard as the result of two
refunds having been illegally accepted at
the post office in Fuensalida, it is the case
that:
In May of this year, Cayetana Galán
Díaz Guerra delivered to that office two
Series I passbooks bearing nos. 27151
and 24436, the first one being registered
to Ricardo Ballesteros Aragón and the
second to María Ballesteros Aragón, Ms.
Díaz Guerra’s nephew and niece,
respectively, so that interest accrued as of
the year 1924 could be calculated and
noted therein. When the passbooks were
returned to her, she noticed that, in
addition to the interest amounts, a note
had been made in book no. 27151, saying:
“According to proof kept in this general
administration, 300 pesetas are deducted
for a refund paid by the Office of
Fuensalida on August 25, 1924, having
been authorized on August 19 of the same
year.” In book no. 24436, there was
another note which stated that, “300
pesetas are deducted for a refund
authorized on August 28, 1924 and paid
by the Office of Fuensalida on September
22 of that same year, according to proof
kept in this general administration.” Ms.
Díaz Guerra was surprised by these
transactions as she knew nothing about
them and was certain that the holders of
the documents had not made them due to
the documents always having remained in
the possession of her deceased husband,
Alvaro Ballesteros, who passed away on
May 16. After that date, the documents
had remained in Ms. Díaz Guerra’s
possession. Moreover, since her nephew,
Richard, attends the Salesian school in
Madrid and [illegible] is kept under her
purview, it is clear that it would have been
impossible for them to have made the
transactions, which is why [text cut off]
WATER STREET TRANSLATIONS
Annex 68
299
WATER STREET TRANSLATIONS, LLC
(212) 776-1713
10 East 39th Street, 12th Floor
New York, NY 10016
www.waterstreettranslations.com [email protected]
CERTIFICATION OF ACCURACY OF TRANSLATION
This hereby confirms that the foregoing translation was prepared by Matthew Bouillon,
a linguist with substantial experience in the translation of documents from Spanish
into English as certified by the American Translators Association.
Kent G. Heine, Managing Partner of Water Street Translations, LLC, hereby attests to the
following:
“To the best of my knowledge and belief, the foregoing translation is a true,
accurate, and unbiased translation into English of the Spanish text attached
herewith."
Kent G. Heine
Water Street Translations, LLC
09/26/21
_
Date
■-

Annex 68
301
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1\fio CCLXVIII.-Tomo IV. Miercoles 11 Diciembre 1929 Nuni. 345.-Pagin.a '1'593
DJRECCIOH-ADMINISTRACIOM:
f'-''~ J <'1 Carmen, num. 29, entrestnl.Q,
l'ele.lQ"'o nlim. 12.322.
VBNTA DB BJBMPLARBI:
.MJaisterio de la Gobemacl6n. planta baf&.
!'lumero ~•lto, o,,e
E
l'.arte oficial.
Prcsidencla y A.s1mtos Exterlores.
.l!eal deci·cto ascendiendo a Ministro
Plenipotenciario de segunda clasc y
destindndole con dicha categm•fa a
la Lc(laci6n en Budapest a n·. Ma,
wel Gai·cia de Acil'u 1f Benito.Pdgina
159-i.
-IOtro idem id. id. a D. Ju,an J?mncisco
de Cardenas y Rodriguez de Rivas,
y disponiendo contim,e prcstando
sus servicios, con dicha categm·-ia,
, en Bucorcst.-Pagina 1594.
I{)tro idem a Ministro Plenipotenciario
de tc,·cem clase y destindndole
con dicha calegoria a la Lcgaci6n
:en Guatemala, a D. Rafael de Ureua
11 Sanz.-Pdgina 1594. _ _ _
- ·utro iilem- a -sectefii1'io - de-prtri,era
clase 11 destindndole con csta cate•
goria a la Legaei6n en Rio de Ja-
1ieiro, a D. Jose. Marla E.s/J'ada y
Acebal.-Pdgina 1594.
.Minlsterlo de Hacienda.
~ea,! decreto cedienif,P .. gratuita,1nen/e y
1m propiedad al Ayunta,rnien lo de
Celanova, de /tl provincia de Oren-.
- :se, un edificio que fu/1 Convenlo de
llenedictinos, situado en la plaza de
~e6n XIII, de aquella pilla_.-Pdgi;
ias 15N y 1595.
• ,Prealdencla del Conseje tie .Minlstros.
,\Real orden concediendo a dofia ilmparo
AguUar, en las condiciones que.
SO indican, 150 hectdreas de terreno
en Basajil, isla de Femando P6o.Pdgina
1595.
JOtra idem a doi'fa Aurora Cobo de
Guzmdn y M oi·eno, y en las condiciones
que se expresan, 150 hectdreas
de terreno en Basaji!, is[a de
Fernando P6o.-Pdgina 1595.
·Otra idem a D. Gonzalo Sba·1·bi Martin,
en las cond'icinnes que se insertan,
2.500 hecldreas de terreno en la
Guinea continental y para,ie del rio
Mian.-Pdainas 1595 11 15\)0.
[
Otra idem a D. Francisco Pad1·6n y
M e/.uin, en Las condiciones que se
mdican, .100 hectdreas de te1-rcno a
la orilla de! rfo U tonde, junta a lll
~~;'~:tc1·a d~ Milwmesen.-l'dgina
.Ministerio de la Gobernaci6n.
Real orde": r~solviendo en la fo?'mct,
que se indica expediente instruido
a D. Jose Rojas Reina.-Pagina$
15~6 y 1597.
Ot,:a 1esignando a los seiiores que se
indican para formai· la Jnnta inte_rina
del Colegio Central del Seere_•
tariado.-Pdginas 1597 y 1598.
Otras concediendo licencias por en/er.
mos y prorroga en la misma a los
funcionarios de Coi·reos y 1'eleg1•a.
fos que se mencionan. - Pdginas
15:28 y 1599.
- Otra adjudicando a D. Ramon 'Nu,io
Arbesu, de Oviedo, el conwrso de
los aparatos que sa- mencionan, con
'destino al edificio para Colegio de
Rijos de Funciona,·ios de los Cuerpos
de Vigilancia, Segnridad y Go.be,
·nadun.-Pdgina 1599,
Ministerio de lnstrucci6n publlca
y Bellas Artes.
Real orden disponiendo Se provea por:
concurso la plaza vacante de Profe-,
sora de Dibujo y M ode!ado en la
Escuela Central de Anormales.-Pdgina
1600. •
Otra idem se organfce, coma ensayo,
una Colonia esco!ar de invierno con
arreglo a las condiciones que se indican.-
Pdgina 1600.
Otra idem se asignen II cada uno de
los Directorcs de Los Campos agrtcolas
anejos a las Escuelas Nacionales
que se indican la cantidad de
i.000 pesetas, correspondiente al
afio econ6micq ile 1929. - Pdginas
1600 1/ 1601.
Ot1·a idem 1rL adqnisici6n de cien
equipos de material sei·icico[a con
destino a !O-<S Escnelas No.donales
qne nportuna.mwnfe se determincn.
P6o'nas 1601 11 1602.
nira • concediendo autorizaci6n para
ORIO
p~fcbmr i,n est!i Corte, 'duranti/, lot
,dias 18 al 20 de Diciembre, urut
Asarnblea del Profesorado de Escue·•
Las Normales.-Pdgina 1602. • - --
Otra idem a D. Ramon Martinez Lo•
pcz la plaza de Profesor de, Litera•
tui·a del Jnstituto de lbiza.-Pdgin/1,
1602. • '' "
Otra autorizando a D. Jfatfa~ 11.giiera.
I Ort.ego para qne, pueda tomar po,•.
,sesiqn de su cargo en el Institut0
'Nacwnal de Segunda enseiianza dfl,
Valladolid . .:....Pdgina . 1602. -- -
Otra concediendo uii mes de licenci/i
por enfe,·mo a D. Jesus de la Pefi.aJ
Seiquer, Profesor de Literatura del
Instituto local de Segunda enseiianza
de. Requena.-Pdginas Hi02 • y ,
f603. . ,
Otra disponiendo se cdebre un con- :
cu,·so para la adquisiciun de papel
con destino al Boletin Oficial y de.:.
'Inds publicadoues de_ i:i§te. Mi,iiste~:
i'.io,-Ngina 1603, . -, I
Mlnisterlo de Fomento. '
Real oi·den disponiendo quede constit~
ido_ en la forma que se indica r.C
Sind,cato de Almacenistas. ~ lmpor,~
tadores de Cai·b6n de las r!as d~
,Vigo, Marin y Arosa.-Pdgina 160.:1,
.Minlsterio de Trabajo y Previslo11
Reales Qrdenes, resolviendo instancia.,
de doiia Carmen de Vizcarrondo
Martinez y de D. Antonio Garci~
Valladares, relativas al pago de in_.•
tereses y reintegro del capital deJ
(fl'i!stamo del Estado sobre Gas"'
baratas.-Pdginas 1603 y 160·4.
Otra idem consulta de! Pali'onato lot
r:al de Forrnaci6n Profesional df
Jaen.-l'dgina 1604,
Otra disponiendo que lli. :SeccvJrt de{
Comito paritario de Siderurgia, Ml!•
talu,·gia y Derivados de Valencia;
que ha de repi'esentar la Jndnstr~
Siderurgica de Sa.r,unto, qnede i,,.
tegruda en la (orma que sa indica,
Pdgina 1604,
n1ras {dem que los Comites paritarioc
que se m eneionan queden eonstitue.
dos en la forma que se ~Z,llr!!.S.!!, .....
Paginas 16M !/ t60!i,
Annex 68
302
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/1594
I
,JViiidste.-lo de Economia NacionaB.
7leal 01'den concedi~ndo ia• auto~iz~-
r.iones quc se inclican P_ara su~lllu1,r
o nwrliffrar en sus 'lnd~strias l!-1
1rwquinaria que se mencwna.-Pagi-
1.-a 1605.
l-\.dn~~rab!radOn Cent:rn.lo
J;>HiesrnRNCTA.-Jur,I a Califi,cadora de
asp1rantes a deslinos publicos.-:Conr.
111 :,:;o extraor<lrnar10 diel mes <l_e
Noviembrc llllimo•.~llelaci6n nom,nal
del personal de la Armada 11ue
ha sido si1r,1,ifir:a.do pora lu.r.; ,testi--nos
de Ordenanzas de Semli.foros,
rlependientcs de la Dfrccci6:>, genc'
i'al de NavegaciQn, anunciados_ a
~oncnrso en 15- de dicho mes, e instanc'ias
descstirnadas p,or )as causas
•q,ie se e.1:presan.-Pdgina 160<5.
Uireccion gene~al de .~arruecos Y Co·,
Jonias.-Secc16n c!Vll de A~~nlos
ColoniaJ.es.-Plicgo de co"'.1iciones
pa,•a la subasta de 99 hecta;reas d~
teri•eno pm·a. culUvos ·e~7wcwles, en
el sitio derwm,:nado Niefan, ,le la
PARTE OFICIAL
s. M. ~I . REY Dori :Alfonso Xlll
: (q. D. g.), B. M. la REINA Dnna Victoj
ria Eugenia, S. A. R .. el Principe ds
• :Asluriws. ·e Infantes y demas gorsorn,.s
@• la Aug~sta Rpal Familia, ci,ntjnuan
sin novedad !)n su importante salud. -~
'WIDF.MCIA T ASUNTOS •. EXTI-
·, IIOREi
REALE'3 DlilGRRTOS
,-1 ,.., Niim. 2.588_~
En ·a!,eooi,,n J\ .1_a.s d.reunstaooi'!W
• que oooourr·en Jln D ... Manuel Garria de
1 Acilu lY, Jloolto, Ml Minislro P\enipo"'
!eneiari,o de t.ercora clMe en ·Guale..i
inala: •a· propue~ta iM PII'e~rct:cnt:e: .. de
Mi Con;;cjo de l\ih,JSLI'()i y dee l\!)J;Je1·do
oon '4\ste,
,,- ~~n.g Q ·en ~scOnJd_e.rle a N:.inist.r.a.
PJ.enipnl.eooiari(j de segunc1a cla~,e, ·en
la vaeanlA pl'OOIUc.ida· en '!ll!ia· (•.ategoria •
i 1io~ asceru;o. de ·n,. Francisco, Marllne~
. tle Galmooga y d!l la Serna, .Vi:z~.oodii
'. dJ Gme,ia Real, y dcstinarle '![ Mii Le-;
: 1nti6n e,n Budav,•·l; en la inteH~mia
. de que est,e non1bramiento cmTes;pon~
d,e Ill t.eroer turno que el Rrtfoulo 37
u,,1 Reglam:c,, 1 .. ry de la: CaITera Diiplo.
m4lic·a, sMala al t>-sccnSQ pO'I' eleccion
i eRtro •lGS fun-0lonarios en ructivo de la
\ ela'OO 1.n.ferirnr iumediata,
·Daldlo en P:daoio a n:ncve de Diciemlw:
e .rlc rot! nov~chmt.o.s veinOnru,eve.
ALFONSO
D: !'tel!l1®nto «et Con10Jo. do Jllnt1'int8'
1':f1r:1;EL PmMO nm Rl\~EllA )l O~TL\.NEJE.
"1 :r: Diciembre 'f929 Gacefa 'de Madrid.-Nuni. 345'
Guinea continen~al espaifola.-Pag'ina
1606.
se·cretarfa general de Asuntos Exlcriores.-
Secci6n Ccn(ral.-Asunlo,s
ConLcncio&as.-Anundando el falle~
cimiento en el exlranjei•o de los
sUbd-itos espafioles que se. mcncionan.-
l'rigina 1607.
Jus'.rICIA y CULT0.~Dir~0 cic'm general
de Asunlo,s judieiales y Eclesiisticos.-
Conced£endo un 'mes de liccncia
por e..nfermo a D. Eduardo G{5-
mez de Baquero, Oficial, Jefe de
Secci'.6n de segunria clase del ruerpu
lecnico de Lelrarlns de cste }rlinisterio.-
l'!igina 1607,
Dire•.,ci6n general de los Regislms y
dcl Notariil.do.-Anunciando hallarse
vacantes los. Registros de la Propiedad
que se indican, - l'dginn.
1607.
GOBEBNACI6N.-Di,recci6n general 'de
Segurirla<1.--Relaci6n de los {'uncionarios
del Ci,erpo de Vigilancia que,
por Reales 6,:_denes de 5 del actual,
han sido promovidos para los car-
I111,m. 2 .. sss.
E;n atend6n alas cit·cunslancias que
ooncurrcn :en. D. Juan F'rancis,~o, die
Cardenas y Rodriguez ,1e Riva.s, Mi 1\fr
nis1ro Plenipo.\anciario do l.erN\ra c.!11-.
se en Duc,n,rest; a TH'opucstu dJP,1 Pr·esidm1t.
e dd Mi Cc-mejo <1e. ~!inis.\ro•s y
,:lie a.cuerdo con ~ste,
Ven g Q en asc0nd3rJe a M'inis:tro
Noni.po,Leciario /J.e segunda clase, en
la v.acant.e prnduqitla en esta cat.egorfo:
:per jubllaei6n <l,e D. Angel de Ra~
nero .y R:lva,.·y rn1 dis,ponBr que crnnti~
n:uil prostando sus servi~ios en la rn,enelon,
aila Legaci6n; :en: la inteligencia
de que este· ~1oirr,~Jran1iento .c.orra~on--.
,Je al S€f11ndo turno que e! ,a,rtfoulo 37
dcl Reg<:amento re la • Carrera • Diplomftliea
lle:ifala h.! ascenso por·'anfig'ii.edad
-de 'kis f:uncional'ios : de la: ~lasie
inf~~ior irnmen.iala.
P~;do en Palacio a·nieve 'de Diciemb:!"
t; de n1U noveden!,o,s velnt-inuev.P.
:ALFONSO
II, Preol<IDt• do! Cooaejo do .llluialrti,
)\hGUE!, . PRIMO. D.0 RIVIDHA Y ·QnBANEJA,
l'llum. 2.&so .
En: f:t.enc16g a 1as cITcunstancias
que wncurm.c en D. llafaroi de Uref1a
y SaJJZ, Secretario de primera bh,se
<llil M~ L;>g-q.r.i6n en RfQ de J'ar>·eiro•; a
pro;pu.es.ta d.el Presidente de Mi Consejo
de Mini.'ltro,s y de acuerdo coo este,
Ven go .en ascender le a: Ministro
P.J.enipote,nciado de tercera claoo, en
la vacanl.e producida por rummso de
D. Manuel Garcia de Acilu y Benito, y
en desl.Lrn,rl.e a ~Ii' Le,gad6n en Guat~
rnala; &n la int<;.Jigencia de que este
)1(lmbrarniento ilM'I'Ci,lpQlllU•8 al seimn~
gas que se indican, qon expresi6rl]
del turno y fecha de antigiledad quej
se detallan.--Pdgiua 1607.
Dirccci6n ,general de Sanidad.-A_ufo ..
rizc:sido a los lnslit-utos provinciale~
de Tliqiene 11 Ayuntamicntos de los,
puntos que se nwncionan para lqi
prdctica de las operar.fones sanita-riar~
de desinfccci<5n, des'insectaci:ir,;
y desratizacfon.-Pdgina !G08.
Disponiendo quc D. Rarn6n Gl'ossri;
Poi·tillo sea incluido en la relaci6n.
de los inrH11iduos del Cuc,·po Jiedi•
co de la Marina civil que publico.
la GACEn de 7 r/c Diciembre dei
1,W26.-Pdgina 1608, •
Fm•,IENTO.-Di-r,ecci6n genera1l 'de Mi•
nas y Combuslibles.-Personal.~
'Anunciando hallarse vacante un~
plaza de lnge11iero en la Escuel~
l'i'lictica de Obreros Mineros, Fun•
didores y Maq,!inislas de Belrnez.~
l'li.gina 1608.
ANEXO uNrco.- BoLsA.- SuBASTAS.~
ADMINISTRACT6N PROV!NCIAL.-ANUN•
CIOS DE PREVIO PAGO.-ED!C'I'OS,
do tumo qne r,J • arl..ieulo• 37 de! R.ea
glamento, d,e la Carrera Diplorn:Uic~
sefiala aJ as,c,enso por antigiiedia.d d~
Jc;s funci,o,naric;s d,e la cla.se inferio\lj
in.media.ta,
Da1dio en Pala,oio a nueve .de Dicif~1Ji1~
ore de mil nocv,;cienlos ve\nlirn,eve.
ALFONSO:
.El Pre&tdcmt• del ,,.;onaejo de ,'1{blltlt-ro.,
!\flOUl!L Pru"MO DB Rlvll!IX y OMANIIJ.io
Num, 2.591.
En a,tenoion a las ci·rcunsta.ncia:'!
qull con:curr8if\ en D. Jose Maria Es.,
tr.ada . y Aoebal, Secretario <le srgu.llida'
c.Iase en Mi Lega,ei6n en Mejico,
VengQ en illllc·enderle ·a SecJ1etariJ:1
c1e: primern clas;e ,y destJnarle, con es1
la categorfa,.:LMi Le,:acidn ·en.Rfo,.d<;j
Janeiro, en .Ja v•aca,nte produ11ioo. ··pQlll
ascenso de D. Rafa;el de Uref!a y S:mz~
en la intcligen<Cia de que este nom•
bramientq corresponde al ;; e·gun d~
tumo qu~ el artfoulo .. 87 de! '.ll,)lgl;i,i
mento de la Carrera Diplomati:ea se'~
iiala a.I awenso por antl:,,;iirod die •lot
funcionarios dEi la clase infer!<Or. jn,.
mediafa.
Da1dlCl en Palacio a IHl,QCV8 00 Dlcil'ffl,I
hro de mil n:ol\'eicfonto<I veinti!nu~w.
~FQ~Q
BI Prealdento del eon-.jo 11,·-.
MtoVJIL PRIMO DII Rlvlljll Y .QlUWIE.11,' _,
MINIST.ERIO DE HACIENDA
:REAL DECRETO
!\!um. 2.592,;
De· aouerdo con Mi ·oomejo de Mi·
11isti:os, I\ propuesta de! de Hac!ei:i.t~,.
Annex 68
303
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Ga:cefa 'i.-le Macfricl-Nuni, ';3:45 If Didemb're r929 - 1595 -----------------=--=--------------'--'--'---
Vengo en dccretar lo siguiPnte:
'.Artileulo i.'rnico. S,e cedie gratuita•.
men la y en pmpiedad al Ayuntamien-
1
· to de Celanova, en Ira. provincia de
1 of'e!lS8, un ediflcio. que f.ue Conv•ento.
de Bencdictino,s, situado en Ja plaz!l
<le Le6n XIII, de aqu0ll11 villa.
I La CE.'Si6n so entendera otorgada con
~ujeci6n a ]11J1s prcscripciones del Real
decrew-Iey de 2 de • Octubr,; de 1 Dl27_,
~ a fin de qne el rncncionado Ayuntamiento
instaJe en el dicho e,dificio
)a Casa Gonsisto,ria.1, Eseue1as n1tmiiJipalcs
y otras depend-encias.
Pm el Ministerio de Hacienda se
~do,plaran la.s di.sposiciones nece,sarias
para la eje,cuci6n de e,ste Real decrcto,
D~dD en Pa\1acio a diez d,e DiciernlJ,
re de mi! novecientos veintinuev,e.
ALFONSO
Bl Minb:tro do Ha-0iend:Gt
.Josll CALVO SoT!il~
~
PRESIDENCIA DEL CONSEJO
DE MINISTROS
REALES onDENE&
lllu111, 466.
Exc,mo. Sr.: Vis to el expe<:liE1nLe ineoado
00/1 mo,tivo de la instancia 1we~
entada en 29 de Abril ultimo oo el
G,ooierno general de lo.$ .Territorio:,
llspa!iole-s clel Golf(j d.<i Guinea por do~
fia Amparo Aguili!r, en lru que pcdillt
~e le oooe;vrlie,:ran; 150 ITedareas de te)'
rcno en lai isla de _Fernando PoD,, art, •
sitio de Basajil, a r:el'lllo :redimtblei,
parif eultivo,s eepec;iales, . en t't'lrreno •
. UEI limlte.s dete,rmm!§ldoe:
Resultando- que, allllneiada Ja, 1!!1•
ha,sla dM desHndado t@reno en la
GAGETA D!il MADRID y O·li :el Bol-effll,
Ofiet'at d&· la Coloniil; Do se ha jlre}
ent!\do ningun po;,ixJ,p:
Considerando que, a;o reno,r de l_o
dispue;;to en el artfoulo Z4 del Jteglamento
sol'.Jre regimen de la propiedad
·en aqueUa Colonia, cuando en lw; :rnJiastas
no se presente niug(m pastor
s-e h!atra la adjudica.ci'<\n del forl'E'llO
suhastado a quien lo solicit6 :·
Considtirando que se ha,ce esla con~
cesi6n on virtud de la aulorirncicin
C·Oncedida. en e1 artfcul1) 21 dd H•eal
decrnto de 11 de Julio rl<c• I !lO!i, sohre
re·g:tnwn de la prupieck1d 1~11 las P-0-
~- sesiones cspafiolns rlel Go-lfo d,e Guinea,
qn i'elad6n con ·c1 ca.p~ilnto VH
de! mismo, y Real c!ecr-ato de 7 de
Mayo de 192,6, Real dern>to de 5 del
mismo me•s y afio y demas dispMiciones
c-0nc-0rdaJ1tes,
s. M. el REY (q. D. g.) ha tenido a
hien disponer lo siguiente:
1.0 Se concedt\n. a dofia Amparo
Aguiln,r, a- c.E,nso nedimibie pnr cin·
cucnt.a aiios y pagD de ti·es pc,sctas
por hect:irea y aiio•, 1.50 hect:lrca,s de
t.1:,1rrtm,o em Basaji1, isla de Fernando
Poo, de J1a propi0dad pr-ivadct de! E,stado,
para cultivo-s e,specia.Jes, a: que
se refiert< el plicgo de co,ndicionos de
irnb;1f,lD. pnhlic;;do nn la GACETA DE
~fADRTD de -1 de Septiembre de 1929,
dentrD d., los lfmites siguienl.e,s: Norte,
gran rfo; Sur, bo&que de! Estado;
Esfe, f.errenos solicitado,s por D. Dio•
nisio Redondo, y Oeste, li'mite d,;• la
concesi6n Alemyrr,.
2.• Denlro de esta conc~si6n habr:
1 qut< dis,grngar la S'ltperflcfo que
co-rresponda, en la fec,ha de Ja. adjuj]
icaci6n, ll:. laa j)ropiedades p'articuJares,
comunales y de los jjoblado~
indfgenas ..
8.• Es-ta conct•si6n se l!evlt a efecfo
con arreglo al wtlculo 21 de! Real
. oecreto de 11 de Julio de f9{J4 y demas
•• disposfofon()g cil(lidas y concordantes
en: es!a mat,eria.
De Real orden: )D digo ~: V E. para.
~u conocimiento y efccfos oportunos.
Dios guarde »: V. E. muchos aifos. Madrid,
6 de Diciembre de 1'920.
p. D.J
m-;rur.eetor·gentn:l,
DlEGO SAAVED!lA
Sefior Gobernado•r general de los '.ferritorios
espafloies de! Gelfo, d"i
Gn.int•a;
Nu.m. 4G7!.
Excrn.Q. Sr.: :Visto eI e:xpedJente in·
co,ajio con rnotivo de la instanci.a prcsentada;
en 29 de Abril ultimo. en eil
Gobierno .genera.I de los Terrilol'io,s
e&pa,iioles J:]cl Golfo l:le Guinf!a po~
D, Federico Arr-ia,ga y Estrada, a nom·
bre de su espo,S:a, dofia Aurora Cobo
'de Guzman y Morooo, en Ja que j)edfa
~e le concedieran 150 hectareas lie
terreno en el sitio lfo Ba,.sajil, de la
isla de Tornando P6o, para cultivos
especiales, en terrElllD de lirnites dg·
l ermimado~ :
ResultandD que s.nunciada la suh:1stru
de! deslini:ladD terreno en la GAcE·
'TA DE 1\-iADRlD y e111 el Bol!!tin Offrial
do la Golonia, no se ha prese11tr,do
ninglln poistor:
Considcrando quo a tenor de lo dis~
puesto en cl artfoulo 2,~ del Reg1arne,
nto sobre regjme-11 de la p1°opiedad
d,e aJquella Colonla, cuando e,li las sir
bastas no so prooenle ningun pastor
se hara la adjudicarci6n de! ter1'e11q
subastado a quien lo solicit6:
Consider.ando que se haca esta c_on<
c,osi6n en virlud' de Iru auLori1,8.ci6n
cone,edida en el artfoulo 21 dt'l nea\
decreto de 11 de Julio de 19(:11, sol!I'fl
regimen de la propi0dad en !as PDS€,,
siones espafiolas de! Golfo de Gui:nea;
en relaci6n con eJ capftulo Vll aei
mismo y Real decreto de 7 de MaiyI
.de 11)26, Real decreto de 5 a.eJ mism(
mes y afio y clernlls dispnsiciones con•
cordantes1
S, M. el REY (q. D. g.)' ha t,mli!~
a bien di.sponer lo siguienle:
t .• Se 00\Ucedan a aofia Aurora C•'f<
Too de Guzman y Moreno, a (l2nso i\e'·
dirnible, por cineuent.a ao'ios y pagll
anual de tre& pesetas pDr hectareia,
150 hectaI'e.a.s de terneno en EasajiI;.
isla de Fernando P6o, de la propieda'it
priva~a del Estado, para: cultivo~ l'S',
peciwles, a que. se reflere el pliego ii~
eo,ndieioDe.s de suhasta, publicado eiJ
la GACETA DE MADRID de 4 de Sep•,
UernbI'e ultimo, dentro de lo;; limioot
si.guiootes: Norte, concesi6n do ,fo!if;
'.Amparo Aigt,Har; Sur, boS!JJUe del Es~
tadcr; :Elste; t&ren-o,r. w,liciif.aao~- \!)of
D. Jos~ !lffill'faJ- :A!rrfag!l', y oeste, Hmlhf,
'iie' fa eunee.s,mn Aleny,a. _, • ~ ~ •
2:• Bentrer de esta con@sion·. hw·
bra. 'qITe' dfsgre-gar' lai su,perflcie- qu~
corre&pond'a, en llli fe,c;ha ile la; ai'ljw
Qicwci6n, ll; lrui pro,piectM<>B prur.tiiiu •.
Jares, comttrr~Ie:s Y' de too pabladoij, .liil.•·
dfgjenas,
:Ji.• Esta eonGesMn se, lleva: a. e'teo.".
to, mm lll!Tes<lo' at a:rtlwJo 2:1 deli M~
docreiio ,i,J, 1!11 d& J'u!Jo ·oo t90·4· y Jie,.
mts, diepMi~ionm eH;a.da,s y cmioo~·
'du,ntes· en; El!lUl. m1llliemll' .
Die ReaJ Grnl.en, lo d;g,o a V. Jll. piira,
su eouo~im~e,nfo y e,fe,ctos C•J'lortunos,
mos. ·gNn.'r!dlJ w V. E. muchos il.ii~'
Mai3ad!I, 7 de Dfoiembrn i:le t929;
p, D.,
m Djrcc.tor generaL
DIBGO SAAVEDRA:
&eiior Gobm'Ril:Cfor general de los T,6• •
tritodos e,spanolas de! Golfo de Gut~·
ne.:-1.
N,:Jm, 46!>.
ExcmJ. Sr.: Vis to el cxpediehU
incondo con tfrotivo de la instantit
de fecl'fa 12 de Febrero de 1928
elevada a estn Dircecion genera,! j!(
Mn1Tll!:(·o, y Uo1oninR pn.r D. Gon
zalo Sbarbi Martin, en la que pedi,
se le c'mced:iernn 2.500 heelarea',
de tcrrem,J • nri"i'H explot.aci6u fo:rei-'
Annex 68
304
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f
UiI ·en ·01 territorio de! Muni, denlrd
.ilE5 linderos 'd,et.erminados:
Resultando que :S.acI,do a ·subasJ,a:
)I lleslindado tcr:re1N, no ·sa pre,~
):enl6 a la mis.ma ning'tin post.or:
Consideranrlo que, conforme a lo
ilispuesto en ni:ateria de subast.a;
~11 el artfculo 24 d.el Rcglamento
fj!obrc regimen .de la propiedia,d en
)quella Colonia, cuando no se pre!
senle niugun post.o'r, ·se hara la ad'
ju·drcaci6n de! terrcno subastado a
~uien lo solicit6;
C_onsiderandJ quc cstn coneesiOii
!li'a de llcvarse a efecto con arreglei
, '.~ .lo dispuesto en Ios arlfculos 20
y 21 dcl Real dccreta' de 11 de Julio
:!le' 11904, Re:aJ d.ecrelo de 5 ae l\fa;
f/1 ,de 1926, Real pr,cllen .de 1.• de .Agos;
tQ :cte 1928 y dcmas disposiciones
~on:cordanles en la mat<\r,i ,a )' ·con
t):'.e1,pecto li Ja propieda,d pr'iv,t'da', co)
nunal ll indfgena q'll<\ ·cxlsla en cl tef..[~
n.c>_. concei ... dido, en la fecha d.e su
;ii<lJ-Utdicaci6n,
!, S, l\L el RE'y' (~. p. g.) ha tenido
~ bi-en .disponer:
. · ~ ' Se CQ..llffilli\ a D. G•• : zrrlo Shar-
- . • 1 S a o C'!l
par
c.-..==.,.,.-,.de:,c;, de
I N.ort!l, con
ma Jfnea pa, -
r, cun bas:
.ea paraIongitud
·====· rio ~nan ; ;~t Este, con bosqu.i <lei Estado, P,Oii
}'fiJta linea que, JHi.rti~ndc, .de! final de
t erte, se une con Ja de! Sur
: lo . • • :opo metms,
\ ~:fn o corl su oonlro por
i ~ rio Mian, y a. este, con bosque
j l~J Esla(!Q, n or ofra I a
'.ll!I )lei Este, de al
'iongitud, sie nid . la mis-
'lm\ e.I rio ~ran.
12.' Dentro oc I.a anterior delimiffici6n,
hahra que disgregar la super~
cie que correspond.a, e.n Ja fecha de
,~ !l,djudicaci6n, a las. prppie,da.des
llarticul.ares, comunal.e.s. Q d~ _i_n:(lfgenNI.
3.• 11:£.t.a llDnoosi-On l\e ll eva a r·.fcclo
caJJ. :1tte.glo a !as dispos\cio11es Ietaies
cilN!as, a !as dal pliego de conlU.
oiones de subasta y demas pre-ODp\
ps Iegislat.ivos concordantes,
De Real oriien Jo di.g'o a V, E, paha
su ccmocimi<mt<> y efoctos oportu\
o,'l, DiQ& guar,ie a v. E. JIIUchos
I I Dici emb_r_e_.---'I 9=-2....:9:...... __ G_a_c_e_ta_<l...:e_l\...:'1...:a...:c::.:1 r_:i c:::l.:....-:..N:..:t'.'.'..m~1.:..... ,.:21~4 5
afios , Madrid, 10 dB Dici cmbrc )1<1
1929.
P. n.,
E{ Plrr,ctor general,
DIEGO SAA VEDI\A
Scuor Gobernador general de los Tcn
·ilorios cspaiioles de! Golfc, de
Guinea.
Num. 469,
Exe mo. Sr.: Vifvfo cl expe1di ente inC-
nadq con motivp de las insJ.ancius de
15 de Fcbrcro y 28 dce Diciernhrc de
1928, presentadas en C8e Gobicrno
general pnf D. Franci5co .P adrUn '{
1\foli:\n, en las que se pedfa la ron-_
cesi6n de 100 hr..ctareas de lerrcno.
para cl culUvo especial d1,l care, en
lia Guinra co-ntincntal, juntO a la rarretcrru
die Mikomes,,n, lindantcs al
rio lJl.onde, hajo linderos de.terrninad~:
•
Resullando -que sacado a snbast•a
dicho terreno, no se present6 a, la
misma ningl.ln poslor:
_Coe..sideranPo que, conforrne a lo
dispuesto /)n materia de ~ubasta,
en el articulo 24 del Rc-glamenlo
s'Jbre regimen de la propiechd en
~uella Cnlonia, cuando no _se presente
ningun pastor se har:1 Ja adjudicaci6n
.d~I terrcno subastado a
quien lo ·solici to:
ConsiderundJ que esla conccsion
lta de JIAvarse a efecto con arreglo
a lo dispuesto en el inciso b) de! ,irtfculo
21 de! Real dr..creto de H de
' Julio de 1904, ReaJles decr~l_os oB 5
y 7 de Mayo de 192<i y demas disposiciones
concordantes .en la materia, y
con respect!) :ae ia propiedad comunal,
privada e indfgena·;
.S, M .. el REy (q. I). g.) ha tcnido
a bien disponer :.
1.0 Se conceda a D. Francisco '.Pa•
dr6n y Melian, a censo redimible por
cincuenta afios )' canon de dos pesetas
por heclarea y afio, para el cultivo
especi,al de! cafe, 100 hcdareas :ae
terreno, de! de _ propiedad privada de!
Estado, a,. la orilla de] rio Ulonde, junta
a la carretera de Mikomesen, den·
tro de los linderos siguientes: Norte,
boscrue dcl Estado; Sur, ruta a Miko•
mesen; Esle, riQ Utonde; Oeste, bosque
de! Eslado.
\2.' Denlro de la anterior delimlta.
ci6n, hahr:i que disgregar la su.p.3rficic
que corre~pcmda, en Ja focha de
ln. adjudica.oi6n, a Ias prnf)iedn:o~_:;
comunales, particulares t> de iridigenas.
3.' Esta concesmn se Ifova n efec
to con arre,glo e. \as citadas dlspo&
iciones, a !as de! pliego cle co,niliciones
de suba s tw y dern{ts precepl os I~
gislativo,s ton eordnntes~
J)-0 Real orclen lo trnsladp a V. E.
para su cono e: lrni enl.o y efectos op or--·
tunus. Dios guard~ n. V. E. rnnchos
afios. Madrid, 10 ·_de Diclcmhrc de
1929-
P. U.,
El Director gem·ral
Dl!WO SAA. VE])[U
Sefior Gohcrnndor gc nentl de lo-$ Te:
rr·iloi·ios e.,pafiol es de!. Golfo • di)
Guinea~
mmrSTERiO DE u GiIBERNAClON
REALES O!lDENilS
NUm. 1.4S3.
Excmo. Sr.: · Ex::nninadas Ja s diH 4
genci'Eis instruidas por hahcrse abonado
iles-almente dos rcin tegro-3 ep Ill
Eolafela de Fuensalido, resulta:
Quo doiia Cayetana Gal:in DiQz Guer
11a, entr cg6 ci1 dichi Oflcina ell cl mes
de l\lnyo llll.irno, para qur, sc ano-tara.
n lo -s ir.1terc:; cs -q_ue hublernn dcvcn..gado
a parli°r de! aiio !a2.\ dos e:ul illia.
s de la serie I, nltm01·0'.s 27.·l 51 y
24.436, figuran9o • cornO titnlar de Ja
primera Ricardo Ba.llr.s!eros Arri.g/Jn Y,
de la se.gunda. Maria Balle, leros Ara.g6n,
:atmb:os sobrino1s suyos1 y ('.orno al
. d€.1vo1verselas ohserv6 que adem6.s de . .
los intereses se habfa consib111r1do una
nota en 1a s-efia1ada con r,/ nllrnero
2-7 . 151, diciendo: '1ScgUn j1J~liflcnni.Q
que obra en· esLui Adminlstr::tci6n ge:nera1,
S:e deducen 300 pesetas por reinl.
egro pagado P"r la Ofieina de Fuensalida
en 2.5 de Agn.sLo dr~ 192•1, autorizado
el HJ del mi smo mes y nfio"t!
y en la numero 24.1!36 otr'3. not.a hacienda
conslar que "Se dcducen 300
pesetas po1· reinl<;•gro autoriz.ado cl
28 de Agosto de 1924 y pagado por 1,!'.
Ollcina de Fuensalida el 22 de Sep•
ti~mbre de! mismo aoo, se,gun jus-tillcante
que obm en !\sta Adiministr.aci6n
genernl ", qued6 sorprendida de
~stas optTaciones, de !as que nada sa0
b!a, y poseyendo la seguridad de qui;i
los titulares no 1~.s hablan efcctuad(!
por no haber podido dispont•r de lil,!i
oartillas, !as que. estuvieron siPmpre
en poder de su diiunto esposD, don
A!Vf/111'0 Ballesteros, fallecido el f6 cro
Mayo ultimo, siimdo desdc esla fec!H\.
custodiadas por clfo,,, y como, adcmoo,
su sobrino Ricardo est:l en el Cok,-gio
de Salesianos, en Madrid, y Baslllsa
))ermanece bajo su vigilancia, queda
dunosl11ada la imposi!Jilidad de que
ello§ IQS hubiesen realizado, JJur 16
I
Annex 69
Letter from Spanish Governor General Regarding the Establishment of the French-German
Demarcation (27 January 1920)