Written Replies by Botswana to Questions put by Judges

INTERNATIONAL COURT OF .WSTICE

Case concerning Kasikili/Sedudu Island
(Botswana/Namibia)

Responses of the Republic of Botswana

to the Questions 1ut to the Partiesby
Members of the Court on
25 February 1999 and 5 March 1999

6 April1999 Responses of the Republic of Botswana

to the Questions put to the Parties by Members of the Court
on 25 February 1999 and 5 March ·1.999

TABLE OF CONTENTS

1 Judge Ranjeva Land tenure p.l

2 Judge Fleischauer - 1 Navigation 1890-1914 p.2

3• Judge Fleischauer- 2 Peculiarities of the Chobe River c. 1890 p.6

4 President Schwebel - 1 Navigation in the north channel, 1998, since p.9
1947

5 President Schwebel - 2 Navigation in the south channel, 1998, since p.11.

1947
6 President Schwebel - 3 Navigation by barges p. Il

7 President Schwebel - 4 Navigation by tourist boats, 1998 p.l2

8 President Schwebel - 5 Navigation routes of the Zambezi Queen p.l5

9 President Schwebel - 6 Pointof minimum depth in the northem p.15-

channel

10 Judge Oda- 1 1\Jpulationinvicinity of Chobe River c. p.17
1890

11 Judge Oda- 2 Tribal distribution p.17

12 Judge Oda- 3 Lifestyle of Chobe River people p.I9

13 Judge Oda- 4 Size and relationship of communities north p.19
and south of theChobe River

14 Judge Oda- 5 Whether Chobe·River a natural barrier p.20

15 Judge Oda- 6 Communication by river c. 1890 p.22

16 Judge Oda- 7 Economy of Chobe River communities p.22_

l7 Judge Oda- 8 Private land tenure p.23

18. Judge Oda- 9 White settlers p.23

191 Judge Oda - 10 Date of establishment ofKasika and Kasane p.24
Judge Oda - 11 Use of Kasikili/Sedudu Island for cultivation p.25
20.1
1 Judge Oda - 12 Access of wild animais to the Island p.25
211
22f Judge Oda - 13 Length of stayof Caprivi people on the p.26
'
1 Island
23f.
1 Judge Oda - 14 1890 1ieaty as barrier of free movement p.26

24 Judge Oda- 15 Ineffectiveness of colonial administrative p.27·
barrier

1
1

1 '',,
-•~"-t:
,(-..
~-..-.
.'·

25 Judge Oda - 16 Changes in lifestyle of Chobe River people p.28

subsequent to 1890

26 Judge Oda - 17 Extent of colonial control in effecting p.28
separation of people after 1890

27 Judge Oda - 18 Date at which separation of peoples north p.29

and south of the River effected

·28 Judge Ranjeva- 2 . Satelliteimagery of upstream reaches of the p.30

Chobe River

29 Judge Para-Anguren Differencebetween thalwegand thalweg p.32
channel of the mai cnhannel

30 Judge Kooijmans Character and flow of waterin the Chobe p.33

River below the MambovaRapids

31 President Schwebel- 7 Registrationunder UN Charter 102 and the p.34

1984/5 intergovemmentalagreement

._. -.
_..·.

1 ' TABLE OF ANNEXES

Annex DŒcription Reference in text
No.

1 D. Kürchho:lf,Die schif!barenV!bsserstra]Jein p.2, pan.2.2
den deutSchenKolonien·

2 Richard Rothe's Reportof his trave1sin the Chobe p.3, pan.2.2
Region in 1904

3 Kurt Streitwolf.DerCaprivizipfel (1911) p.4, pan.2.2

4 Franz Seiner:ErgebnisseeinerBereisungdes p.S, pan.2.2
GebietszwischenOkawango und Samhesi(Caprivi
Sipfel)in den Jahren1905 und 1906 (1909)

5 The Tzmesof 2 June 1890 p.6, para.2.2

6: GeogmphicaJ Journal Vol.VI (1901) p.7, para 3.4

7 Chobe District Annual Report (1947) p.9, para 4.4

8 Annual Report of District Commissioner, Kasane, p.10, para.4.9
(1958)

9' Affidavit of Jonathan Moore Gibson p.10, para.4.9
10 Chobe Annual Report (1955) p.l2, para.6.7
'
11 Affidavit of William Camm p.l2, para.6.8

12 1àble of Namibian-registered and p.13, para.7.3
Botswana-registered boats

13 Map showing location of tourist operations p.l3, para.7.4

14 Maria Fisch, Der Caprivizipfelwiihrendder p.l7, para.l0.2
deutschenZeit - pp. 85, 102

15 Chris Maritz The Subia and Fweof Caprivi:Any p.l8, para.ll.7
histori.calgroundsfor a starusofprimusinter
pares?

16 Photograph showing the expedition of Captain p.21, para.l4.5
Streitwolf crossing the Chobe at Ngoma in 1909

1 J Demhardt, .DeutscheKolonialgrenz.einn Afrii«J p.24, para.l8.3
Il - p.340 (and translation)
1
18 0 Hintrager Südwestafrikain der deutschenZeit- p.24, para.I8.3
p.l 06 (and translation)
j
19 . A Zimmennan, Geschichteder .Deutschen p.29, para.26.2
Kolonialpolitik-p.327
1
zq Previews of satellite imagery p.31, para.28.7

, 1 INTERNATIONAL COURT OF JUSTICE

Case concerning KasikiWSedodu hland <Botswana/Namibial

Responses of the Republic of Botswana
to the Questions out to the Parties b,Members of tbe Court
on 25 Februarv 1999 and $ March 1999 1

25 J'ebruary 1999

Judge Ranieva

My questionis addressedprincipallyto the Borswanadelegationbut the Namibian
delegationis at libeny to contribute itown response.

1
My question is as jollows: When the Agent for Botswana and Lady Fox
commentedon the aerialphotograph (Judges'Folders,Tab 7 No. 3), they
menrionedcultivatedfieltb. WJuldit be possible to injormthe Coun about
the legal titleifŒzy,re/atingto such fields? Thankyou, Mr. President,

and my thtlnb to the delegations.

1.1 ~ It is Botswana'case that on neither sideofthe Chobe River did individuals atany
material time enjoy persona! title to land. Land in the area is owned on a

·communal basis.

1.2 This wasconfumed during the oral hearings by Namibia's Counsel, Dr. Hangula
and Professer Cot.2

1.3 The point is further confinned by statements made in an earli c~sr beforethe
International Court ofJustice that among the Masubia, a riverine people, "there
was no individual ownership of land", which "'WaSnonnally used on a communal

basis": see the South i\esAfrica cases (Ethiopiav South Ajrica;Liberia v South
Ajrica) ICJ Reports 1966, Pleadings, Oral Arguments, Documents ll, p. 316 B-
"The&stem Caprivi Peoples".

1.4 .i Neither the Bechuanaland Protectorate authorities nor the Botswana Govemment
,:fhave ever kept a registerof lands or any other record relatingto land within the
Chobe District, which includes Kasikili/Sedudu Island.

lj Annexes to Botswana's Responses are referred to herein as MResponsesAnnex ... ".
2[ Hangula, CR 99/4 at p.ll and Cot, p.17, CR 99/10 p.36.

1 .·.' ";':·

1.5 So far _asis known to the Govemment ofBotswana, no register or other record bas

ever been kept by the authorities in the Eastern Caprivi, South West Africa or
_SouthAfricain respect of lands in the·EasternCaprivi, whether cultivated or not.

1.6 In 1960 the Chobe Game Reserve was established. It includes Kasikili/Sedudu
Island within its limits. Since 1960 there bas been no cultivation of land within
3
the Reserve •

1.7 _ Forreference 10 the relevantlegalcontextin the Pleadingssee:-

BM, Vol.I, para. 33. ~::
'·~:
BCM, Vol.I, paras. 161-166, 185-189, 726-729.
BR, Vol.I, paras. 116-117. ...·.:
Fox, CR 99/8 pp. 17-30.

Brownlie, CR 99/9 p. 50.
là.fa, CR 99112pp. 18-19.

Judge Fleischauer

-.__-
1 have lWO quesn"ons which1addressto bath delegations.

2 QuestLcn No. 1: ls anythingknow.1,ar.d if so what, about navigationon
the ChobeRiver at the time of conclusionof the 1890 Treaty, or between

1890 and 1914?

2.1 Historical evidence clearly showsthat up unti11914 navigationon the Chobe river

was confined to movement by canoe, almost always of the locally-produced
mokorotype. Colonial officiais, as well as passing traders, made occasional use
of mekoro,both to travetalong the Chobeand to cross the river. Larger European
·-,.-
boats started appearing on the river after the tum of the century - see 2.2 (d)
belaw.

2.2 Although there is no evidence of any regular, scheduled, commercial navigation
at the rime of, and after, the conclusion of the Anglo-Gennan Agreement of 1890,

_the following reports show that a long stretch of the Chobe River upstream of the
MambovaRapids was used for navigation both by the people of the Caprivi and
by the white settlers and explorers:-

(a) D. Kürchhoff, Die schijfbarenWasserst7q/Jein n den deutschen Kolonien·
("Navigable Waterways in the German Colonies"), in Zeitschri.ftfûr

Knlonialpoütik,KnlonialrechtundKolonialwinscha.ft 11 (1909), pp. 797-
807. Extracts from this article are reproduced as Annex 127 to the

Namibian Memorial Vol V. However the following passages relating to
navigation have either not been reproduced at ali or have not yet been
trnnslated into English for the benefit of the Court: :~._" -

3
Botswana MemoriaJ Vol.! paras 32 and 33.

2 [803] "... but over long distances the Zambezi lacks

navigability.... [and navigation is] intenupted until beyond the
Victoria Falls near Kazungula. This 1ast section also makes it
impossible to make use of the navigable river at the border of the

. colony as a mea.nsof reaching the railway, which crosses the river
[Zambezi] north of Wankie. The Zambezi could become of use if
the English colonial administration were, for its own benefit, ta

construct a jonction line inarder to by-pass the non-navigable part
[of the Zambezi]. From this navigable section [of the Zambezi],
however,a oonnection can be established from [804] the Portuguese
port of Alerande eastward to the Cape-Cairo railway, and thus ta

the sea, through the Chobe-Kuando, which is navigable from its
confluence with the Zambezi far up to the north. The Chobe­
Kuando, which at first fonns the boundary, later fiows through the

far north-eastern part of the colony. The railway bas not yet been
built, and several years will probable elapse before it will reach the
said waterway. Even then, shipping will be able to make use of

only a small part of the colony. At present it is of only local
relevance. The river startsto be navigable only a short distance
from its source, and continues navigable taits mouth, despite many
bends whicb impede navigation. The only obstacle ta navigation is

the Sebomba Rapids, not far from the .confiuence of the river with
the Zambezi, but this obstacle is dangerous only during the dry
season and could be removed without particular costs and

work....... .if for the time being the waterwayslack the connections
to serve greater traffic, they do nevertheless have the advantage
that,by using a small steamboat, one station could be saved."

(Responses Annex 1)

(b) Richard Rothe's Report of his travels in the Chobe Region in 1904 4•
Rothe travelled up the River Chobe in July 1904. He started his boat

joumey above the rapids (ten miles upstream from Kazungula): until that
point the boats bad been carried overland. He wrote:

[7] "Under full sail, having good wind, we managed [8] sorne 35
km. every day and rather unexpectedly reached our fust destination
of the joumey on the moming of the fourth day.

[28] "The upper navigable Chobe, brought into the railway
catchment area, would be a main pillar of trade, and the products
of West-Angola (mainly rubber) would make their way through
Damaraland instead of via Lobito Bay. Furthennore, ifa canal

were built through the Chobe swamp, which nowadayscould easily
be done at low cast as there still exists a small channel of the
fonner river bed, this would mean the development ofa river basin

R.Rothe, Deutsch-Barotselnnd (Capriviundfseine wirtschaftliche Bedeurungjùrdie ErschliejJung
Deutsch-Südwest-Afrik(inpart reproduced at p.81 of and Annex 33 to the NamibiaDM(Vol.a1
IV pp 141-147)).

3

,, of more than 800 km. and would have the etfect of draining the
swamp , hich in turn would havethe advantage of settling white
people in the area..... " (Responses Annex 2)

5
Rothe even speaks of "Ngoma Port" .

(c) Kurt Streitwolf, Der Caprivwpfel ("The Caprivi Strip") (1911), Chapter
6 ("The Linyantidownstreamto the confluencewith the Zambezi: Building

a station at the Zambezi, opposite Sesheke"). The pages referred to below
(57, 58 and 61) (with a translation of other passages) may be found in
Annex 6 of the Botswana Counter-Memorial Vol rn Annex 141 to the
Namibian Memorial, at Vol.V p.241 et seq.:

[57]... 0n 27 January, in the momlng, 1 went down the Linyanti
[from Ngoma to the confiuence of the Linyanti and the Zambezi], .

in a boat which 1 got from M.'s boatyard. The long, narrow
canoe slid aver the water as swiftly as an arrow. However, the .
_initially beautiful trip soon became rather tiring; the walls of reed
·lining the river rarely allowed a view of the fiat, monotonous

landscape. Only when the river pushed close to the ridge of
Bechuanaland was the landscape more varied ..In addition, the
Linyantidescribed enonnous cmves. Severa!times it tumed back
completely, in a westwardly direction, and we therefore bad to go

back a long distance on our joumey, which was in an eastwardly
direction. With only one hour's rest at lunchtime, we continued
our journey down the river until the evening, and set up camp on
the southem bank of the river.... The next morning we continued

our joumey. The river which, except for a small rocky patch, was
2 to 3 metres deep, widened more and more. On the German bank
of the river there were now also more and more trees, and itwas
idyllically beautiful to fioat on the water's smooth surface, which

was lined on both sides by high forest, above which often a delicate
palm tree could be seen. However,the p1easuredid not last very
long, as the moming sun soon disappeared and it started raining
again. At about 9 o'clock we reached the rapids, whose roaring

bad already greeted us from afar. Here we bad to disembark, in
orcier to walk along the rapids downstream [58] while the natives
took the canoe through the about 500-metre long rapids, a task
which took about an hour..... Bel(J!,ltlhe rapids the river widens to

about 250 metres. Both banks were lined with beautiful forest, the
English bank toweringabove the Gennan. We nowaPJ)roachedthe
con:fiuenceof the Linyanti and the Zambezi.....

[61] After 1 bad spent the night at [Captain] Eason'splace [nèar

Kazungula], who with true African hospitality bad received me
most kindly, the next morning (29 January 1909] I went back to
. Ngoma, w·hich1 reached in one and a half days. Because of the

·~ -'

5"Ngomah8.fen" - (Namibum Memorial Voi.IV, Annex 33, p.144). .',.-.·
..-
'\-...
4 p ~.' '.~~: '.r_•

large meanders of the river, the distance, which is53 kilometres as

the crow flies, increases to 75 kilometres. Along the whole river
1 saw only few boatyards. Three boatyards were situated close to.
Ngoma, but on the English b~ of the river.

[94] On the Linyanti, whose current is quite slow, 1 travelled the
kilometre by boat in 8 minutes.

[223] Through these two anns [meaning the Kasa.ichannels] it is
possible to get from the Zambezi to the Linyanti without having to
pass the rapids (at Kasane]. One therefore bas a continuons

waterwayof sorne 400 kilometres from the Katima-Molilo Rapids
[in the Zambezi] to Sambala on the Portuguese border. " (Responses
Annex 3)

(d) Franz Seiner: Ergebnisse einer Bereisung des Gebiets zwischen
Okawangound Sambesi (Caprivi Zipfel) in den Jahren 1905 und 1906

("Information from travels in the region between the Okavango and the
Zambezi (the Caprivi Strip) in the years 1905 and 1906"), from
Mitteilungenausden deutschenSchutzgebieten, 22 (1909), pp. 1 - 111:

[46] "Rivers as transport routes.... More favourable conditions [than
on the Zambezi] seem to prevail at the Mashi-Linyanti. Not only

is the river except for the rapids at Kasiga free of cataracts, it is
also said to be navigable for small :Hat-bottomedboats up to Kaunga
and even further north. The American Todd.... assured me, that he
could travel on the river at any time with his large European boats,

as there was always a small but navigable channel. ... Regular traffic
by canoe takes place only on the lower reaches of the Linyanti from
Koma downwards, as on the remaining part of the river it is made

impossible by a great number of hippopotami.

[105] Trade and commerce..... As a traffic route, the lower reaches

of the Linyanti from Koma downstream are also suitable; traflic by
boat furt.her upstrea.m îs dangerous because of the numerous
hippopotami." (Responses Annex 4)

(e) Franz Seiner: Die wirtschtiftsgeographischen und politischenVerhiiltnisse
des Coprivizipfels ("The economic-geographical and political situation of
t the Caprivi Strip") in Zeitschriftfür Kolonialpolitik, Kolonialrecht und
·,.
~·. Kolonialwinsclu:ift, Il (1908), pp. 417-465, the German text of which cao
be found at Botswana'sCounter-Memorial Vol ID, Annex 4:

[429] "[The] Kwando and Zambezi, with the exception of the

rapids, are also navigable with loaded canoes during low water
. without difliculties; on the Mashi, however, the hippopotami, which
severely endanger navigation, must be decimated or frightened
away."
î

l
1
i 5
i
'
l
' (0 The limes of 2 June 1890

This issue of the newspaper carried an artiCle entitled "The Question of
Ngamiland", _the relevant part of which read as follows:

"The principal lines of communication between this region
[Ngamiland, whose heart is Lake Ngami] and the outer world are
by the River Chobe, which is at present navigable only for canoes

to the Zambesi, and by the more important waterway of the
Okavango... " (Responses Annex 5)

·2.3 For reference to the relevant legal context in the Pleadings see:

BM, Vol.l, paras. 133-144.

BCM, Vol.l, paras. 190-191 , 200ff. ·
BR, Vol.I, paras. 42-54.
Brownlie, CR 99/6 pp. 28-32.

3 Question No.2: Pro/essor Alexander. in his presentation on 16 February

(CR 9912, p.31 para 23.4) said: "the fact thar the Chobe River is not
perennial has been lawwn for more than halfa century". Thar mean.sthat
the peculiarities of the Chobe River were nor kntJ!,vat the rime of the

conclusion of the 1890 Treaty?

3.1 The records show that at the time of the 1890 Treaty the Chobe River was
6
categorised as perennial • Explorers wri7ing from 1850 onwards, and the
negotiators of the 1890 Treaty themselves were almost certainly aware that the
Chobe was a sizeable river, and to sorne extent were awarethat it bad certain

peculiarities as to fiow.

.3.2 The Republic of Botswana refers to accounts of explorers set out in the Botswana
Counter-Memorial at paras. 358-361. Frederick Selous wrote in 1881 of ".... the

rise of the Chobe and other rivers in the interior which bas been observed to occur
during the dry season... "8

3.3 F.S.Arnot, writing in 1889, noted that ".... the abondance of water was most
remarkable", and commented on the "mysterious overftow of the Kwando or
Chobe during the dry season, a matter already brought before the [Royal
9
Geogrnphical] Society by Mr. Selous. n

-J

6 BotsWa.na'sMemorial Vol.I pp.64-5, 89-90, Botswana's Counter-Memorial Vol1 pp.69-74.
7
8 Botswana's Memorial Vol.l pp.24-28.-
passage cîted in footnote 6, Botswana Cowiter-Memoriatp.139.,
9 ibid.

63.4 · ln 1901 Perry S. Reid also commented on the peculiarities of the Chobe's flow,

including a regular10nd persistent decrease in the volume of water, in Joumeyson
the LinyantiRiver.

3.5 The German authorities cited in answer to Question 2 above clearly indicate that

German explorers and commentators at the beginning of the 20th centucy regarded
the Chobe as a perennial river along which navigation was feasible.

3.6, Researchers in different fields, including the Desert Research Foundation of

Namibia, have continued to the present day to. categorise the
·· Kwando/Linyanti/Chobe as a perennial system.

3.7. As stated in Botswana'soral submissions:

(a) Rivers are classified as perennial or ephemeral, acrorcling to the
characteristics they possess. The characteristics of perennial rivers düfer
from those of ephemeral rivers. 11

1'
(b) The classification is based on characteristics acquired over what are, in
geological tenns, lengthy time-spans. It reflects the dominant .
characteristics or behaviour of the river, not short-tenn aberrations.
2
Professer Alexander asserted that "the fact that the Chobe River is not
perennial bas been known for half a century". In the geological timescale
of relevance to this question, i.e. the last two million years, "more than

half a century" is a very short period.

(c) Sorne geological features, including rivers, behave episodica.Uy inresponse
to climatic fluctuations which may vary in duration or intensity. The

classificationsare not changed each time there is a climatic fluctuation.

(d) In the words of Professer Richards, Namibia's scientific expert 13

"Thus, while it is possible for continuous flow to occur from the
Cuando along the Mashi, Linyandi and Chobe rivers, integrating
this drainage system completely, this requires particularly wet
conditions (probably over several years). Such conditions have

occurred during the Quatemary, and may have oecurred in the
nineteenth century.....

It is therefore premature to identify explanations for the

hydrological trends outlined in paragraphs 19-20....... Ha.vever, two
conclusions do seem to be clear. The first is that quasi-cyclic
fluctuations of rainfall of varying length are characteristic of the
region, and these give rise to an altemating hydrological regime

10
Geographica1Jouma! Vol.VI (1901) p.3 at 582-583 (RespAnnex 6).
P BotswanaCounter-Memorial Appx. 2, p.18 pam 47; Sefe, CR 99/12 pp.56-62 paras.53-61.
F Alexander, CR 99/2 p.31 pam.23.4.
b Namibian Reply, Vol.ll- Richards Report p.8 pan..9 and p.20 pam.21.
i
j
7 in whicb there are runs of years witb high and low discbarge
·levels."

[Emphases added by the Republic of Botswana]

(e) The above quotations show clearly that Professor Richards recognises the

episodic nature of the hydrology of the Kwando-Linyanti-Chobe system.14 1
Such episodic behaviour must not be equated to ephemeral status.

(f) Although the half century to which Professor Alexander refers (see above)
is not identi:fied precisely, it is reasonablto suppose that he refers to the
period since about 1948. Botswana maintains that even in this last half
century the Chobe has retained its perennial character 5• This most recent

period is one inwhich substantial flows occurred in the Zambezi River, as
shown by the graphies at 'Iàbs 10 and 11 of the Botswana Second Round
Judges' Folder. Mean annual flow equalled or exceeded 1,000 cubic

metres per second for 22 consecutive years from 1948, and for 8
consecutive years from 1973. The mean maximum monthly fl.ows also
exceeded 3,000 cubic metres per second for most years during the same

period (làb 11). Using the analogy employed by the Namibian
Department of Water Affairs16, one can conclude that the Kwando­
Linyanti-Chobe system would also have experienced very good fl.ows.

These years represent the "runs of y~" of high discharge leve1s that
Professor Richards referred to in the citation above. It is obvious that a
river which probably fl.owedcontinuously for 22 years, and did so for even

longer periods during the recent geologie past under more favourable
conditions, cannot be classified as ephemeral.

3.8 In the respectful submission of Botswana, the characterisation of the river as

perennial or not appears to be irrelevant to the discharge of the Court's task in
accordance with the provisions of Article 1 ofthe Special Agreement. 17

3.9 Forreferenceto the relevantlegalcontextin the Pleadingssee:

BM, Vol.l, paras. 250-252, Appendix to Chapter VD.

BCM, Vol.l, paras. 250, 330-331, 363-367, 457.
BR, Vol.l, paras. 35-41.
Brownlie, CR 99/6 pp. 45-49.
Brownlie, CR 99/13 pp. 62-63.

14 See also Sefe, CR 99/12 pp.56-62, pams.S3-61.
IS ibid.

16 Sefe, CR 99/12, pp.56-62, paras.53-6I.
17 Brownlie, CR 99/13 pp.62-3.·

8 The President

1 have somejunher questionsfor both Parties:

4 First, how many vesselsand of whattonnagenavigatedthe nonh channel
in 1998;annually,since 1947, and in which months?

4.1 Tbere have been no records kept ofboat traffic or tonnagein the northem channel.
No register of such statistics bas ever been wam.nted or kept. Botswana bas
obtained sorne information from local sources which is set out below in answer to

this question and to the President's other questions relating to navigation on the
Chobe River.

4.2· It was in or about 1947 that Mr. Ker applied to transport tiinber by barge from

Serondela to Katombo:ra. His application gave rise to debate between Noel
Redman, the District Commissioner at Kasane, and the Native Commissioner for
the Eastern Caprivi, as to the identification of the main channel in the vicinity of
Kasikili/Sedudu Island. As Redman observed in writing to his superiors on 26
January 1948ts:

"The question bas arisen as a result of an application by Mr. Ker to
transport timber by barge from Serondela to Katombora, which necessitates
the use of the channel running to the North of Kasikili Island since the

Southem Channel is not navigable by his Barges when the river is not in
flood, and it is even difficult for smail craft to navigate it."

4.3 There is no doubt, however, tbat Ker and his successors did use the northem

channel for his timber barges, and for a continuons period. This is made clear in
the letter from Trollope to Dickinson dated 4 August 195P 9:

"In ail the yearspast there have never been any difficulties - indeed even

the question of the use of the 'Northem Waterway' was never a real issue.
Not a single boat, craft or persan was ever hindered in its use. Even the
redoubtable W.C.Ker used it the whole time he rao a service to Sirondellas
without any·let or hindrance at ail. But that loquacious and tendentious

gentleman was never satisfied unless he was raising sorne tremendous
:i issues, with large referencesto Barcelona treaties, international waterways,
1 etc. And it was he who quite unnecessarily persuaded Redman toraise the
r issue."

4.4' The Chobe District Annual Report, 1947, filed by Noel Redman, the District
Commissioner in Kasane, on 28th February 1948, states under the heading
"Communications":

"River. 1947 saw the first real use of the River Chobe as a means of
transport when Mr Ker was given permission to run his barges up to

! Botswana Memorial Vol.ill, Annex 22, p.265 aud Brownlie, CR 99/9 p.53.
't9 Cited in Namibian Memorial Annex 71 p.296atCR 99n p.lS .
.

9 Serondela for the purpose of transporting timber eut by the Chobe
Concessions, Limited ta Livingstone.

"There is no doubt that any future development of Crown Lands will tum

the Chobe River into a very important waterway." (Responses Annex 7)

4.5 In a review of proposais put forward by Mr Ker in 1947, the Central Africa

Council acting on behalf of the Southem and Northem Rbodesia Govemments was
of the opinion that "the Katomborn and Kasane Rapids might be by-passed by
canals with aminimum deptb of 3 feet, tbus opening the Zambezi River tabarges
and shallow-draft craft for 110 miles from roadhead near Livingstone, as weil as
20
for 12-20 miles of the Chobe above the Kasane Rapids" .

4.6 This letter provides confirmation that boats with a drnught of a little lethan three

feet could navigate the Chobe for a distance of at least 20 kilometres from Kasane
to Serondela and beyond. This, of ·course, would only have been possible by .
using the northem channel around the Island.

4.7 There is evidence that heavier traffic was using the Chobe prior to 1947.
Witwatersrand Native labour Association (WNLA) began the operation of heavy
river craft in about 1942 with two barges made of wood. They were built by

Thorneycroft in the United Kingdom and were brought out in sections and
assembled at Mambovaby aMr A1f Kahler and·a Mr Jack Ashwin. These craft
were powered by Thomeycroft four-cylinder petrol engines, and WNLA went on
to enlarge their operation to include ex-naval landing craft, metal barges and

finally a large pusher craft. There were two ex-naval landing craft, which were
supplied by Mr William Ker after World War ll, fittedwith Ailsa Craig engines.

4.8 Two metal barges went into seiVice in about 1953. They were copied from the
wooden barges by a small steel works in Livingstone, Northem Rhodesia, and
fittedwith Thomeycroft diesel engines. These barges were between 55 and 60
feet long and were approximately 12 ft wide and 3ft 6 inches deep. ln 1966, the

new 70-ton pusher craft was brought up in ·sections from Bulawayo ·and put into .
service. This craft pushed the barges in frontof it instead of towing them.

4.9 WNLA were engaged in construction and other work in the area and used the
barges for transporting people and materials. Initially they were used between
Katima Mulilo and Kasane. 21 The WNLA craft also travelled between Kasane
and Serondela via the northem channel 22and when their operations ceased at the

begirming of 1970, WNLA took their craft dawn the ftooded river, over the
rapids, tolivingstone, after they had sold them to an organisation there. The two
original wooden barges bad unfortunatel y rotted away by this time.

4.10 In 1985, the Botswana Defence Force (BDF) started operating bath large and small
boats in the Kasikili/Sedudu area tocarry out anti-poaching patrols. Boat stations

20 Letter of 20 May 1947; Additional Documents submitted by Namibia 26 February 1999.
21
. 22 AnnualReport of District Commissioner, Kasane,p.5(Responses Annex 8).
See the affidavit of Jonathan Moore Gibson (Responses Arulex 9).

10 ·, have been established at Kasane, where eleven boats are moored, Linyanti (fout

boats) and Kwando (four boats). The vessels range in size from a one-ton
single-engined allocraft, 1.5-ton twin-engined allocraft, 2.5-ton gunboats to an à
18ft, 6-ton Phantoon. ·

4.11 BDF patrols are carried out allyearround. During the dry season (September to
January) about 95% of patrols are conducted along the northern channel. Only the
one-ton single-engined craft can be used in the southem channel at this time. The

Phantoon can only navigate in the northern channel and never in the southern
channel.

4.12 The largest craft to navigate the north channel inmodern times are the Zambezi
23
Queen and the Mosi-oa-Thnya. The Mosi-oa-Tunya bas been operated by
Chobe Game Lodge since 1983. She is a twin-engined, steel-hulled, lŒeledvessel
- with a length overall of sorne 16 metres. She displaces about 30 tons and draws

about O.6 metres of water. She is unable to operate in the south channel, save
during flood periods in March to May. 24 TheZambeziQueen is never able to use·
the south channel - the Zmnbezi Queen is dealt with in greater detail below in

answer to the President's fifthquestion.

5
Second, how many vessel.r and of what tonnage navigated the south
channelin 1998;annuallysince 1947;in whichmonths?

5.1 There havebeen no records kept of boat tmffic or tonnage in the southem channel.

No register of such statistics bas ever beenwanantedor kept. There is use of the
south channel by tourist boats: see Botswana'sResponse onder paragraph 7 below.

6 · 1hird, did barges that carried timber navigate the nonhem channel
throughoutthe year, or only in certain month.s and if the latter, which?

Wheredid the shipmentsoriginO.te and terminate? Did timber shipments
ceasebecause of navigationalproblems,·orfor other reasons?

6.1 Between 1947 and 1955 timber was hauled from the sawmill at Serondela via

Kasane to Kazungula, on barges. At least by 1951, the barges were towed by "K"
type landing craft, presumably World War ll surplus, powered by two V8 Marine
motors. These barges were 9 metres long and 4 metres wide, and bad a capacity
of 80 tonnes. In addition, raw timber from Katombora (in what was theo Northern

-· Rhodesia) was transported to the sawmill by barge.
't·
6.2· Except on certain occasions when the water was extremely high (and even then it

was very difficult to use the southem channel), the barges invariably used the
northern channel. According to available archivai and oral evidence, the use of
the northern channel occurred ali year round.

'23
1 The Mosi-oa-Tunyis the loeaJ oame given to the Victoria Falls: "the smoke that thunders".
24 See Affidavitof Jonathan Moore GialResponses Annex 9. For ownership of the vessel, see para..
< 7.4(cbelow.
1
'jl
1 Il
' 6.3 By 1951, ifnot before, there was daily traffic from Momfays to Fridays, a series
of round trips, with the barges carrying 30 tons of timber from the sawmill, and
at times other goods.

6.4 A succession of private operators were responsible for this traffic, beginning with
a company called the Zambezi Transport and Trading Company, owned by Mr.

William C Ker, whose business depended on the navigability of the Northern
Channel. 25 Subsequently, the Zarnbezi Transport and Trading was superseded
by Zambezi Transport Services, also operating Inland Waterways Transport (an

unregistered company) and Chobe Concessions (Bechuanaland) Limited (a
sawmilling company whose business included the felling of trees for timber).

6.5 Most shipments originated from Serondela. The barges went from there to
Kasane, from whence they proceeded to Katombora. The passage (rom Kasane
to Katornbora was through the Kasaï Channel, which runs a short distance through

the Eastern Caprivi. This was the preferred route, due to the existence of the
Mambova Rapids below Kasane.

6.6 At about the same period, in 1949, Mr. Ker tried to set up a route by-passing the
Kasaï Channel, under which he would (a) transfer timber from one barge to
another on the other side of the rapids, using an "aerial ropeway", and (b) obtain

1 permission and finance to dig a small canal around the rapids, inside the territory
of the Bechuanaland Protectorate. Neither the ropeway proposai nor the canal
project were carried into effect at the Lime. The proposais formed the subject of .

l, correspondence dated 20 May and 13 Novembe261947 between the South Africa
Council and the British Colonial Office.

6.7 · TIIDber shipments ceased in June 1955, when the Chobe Timber Concession 27
Company, which theo owned the sawmill at Seroodela, went out of business.

6.8 Many of the above facts are evidenced by the affidavit of William Carnm dated 15

March 1999 and the affidavit of Jonathan Moore Gibson of 9 Match 1999, copies
of both of which are annexed hereto. 28

7 Fourth, huw many tourist boats were in use in the waters of
Kasikili/Sedudu Island in 1998 and in which months? Matis their home

pon? What routes do tourist boats follow?

7.1 The Botswana Department of Water Affairs registers and controls the movernent

of the boats in all its waters, in order to control noxious weeds and manage the
wetlands environrnent. The rnajority of the boats·registeredfor use inthe vicinity
of Kasikili/Sedudu Island are for the purposes of tourism in Botswana and
Narnibia. These vessels typically have short propeller shafts which enable them

25
CR 9917 pp.l4-15.
26 See the additional documefileby Namibia on 26 February 1999.
27
28 Cbobe Annual Report of 1955: Responses Annex 10.
Responses Annexes Il and 9 respeetively.

12 ''.~ '.

to emise in shallow waters. Even theo, however, such boats can use the southem .

channel round Kasikili/Sedudu Island only when the water level is hlgh, between
Marchand May. They use the northem channel ail the year round.

7.2 · The Namibians who use Botswana waters are required to register with the

Botswana Department ofWater Affairs and to spray their boats when entering the
Chobe zone. The boats that are not registered and do not have zonal number
plates on the sides are confiscated, and the offenders are penalised accordingly.

7.3 · 417 tourist boats have been registered with the Botswana Department of Water
Affairsin the Chobe Region since 1987. These boats, whlch have been operating.
in the vicinity of Kasikili/Sedudu Island, include53 Namibian vessels. 364 boats

have their home ports at the lodges on theBotswana side ofthe river. Full details
of both Namibian-registered and Botswana-registered boats are given in the tables
contained in Responses Annex 12. Vessels bearing the reference mark "CH" are
pennitted to navigate the Chobe, including the waters around Kasikili/Sedudu

Island. Vessels bearing the reference mark "KL" are pennitted to navigate the
Kwando/Linyanti reaches of the river and require special pennits to come·
downstream to the Chobe.

7.4 · The Govemment of Botswana bas beenable to assemble the following infonnation
about tourist ope~ati (oen ocation of sorne of whlch are shown on the map at
Responses Annex 13) which it believes are typical:

(a) Chobe Safari Lodge

The Lodge bas 10 vessels, Ianging in size from a 4-seater toa 28-seater.

Their home port is at the Game Lodge. They aremoored at a jetty in the
Chobe River by the Lodge, whlch is situated approximately 9 kilometres
upstream ofKasikili/Sedudu Island, on the south bank of the Chobe River

at Serondela. This jetty bas been constructed specifically for anchoring
these boats. The vessels use the Northem Channel when going to Kasane
and back, primarily because the water levels are higher thao in the
Southem Channel, and because the Northem Channel never dries up. The

Southem Channel, on the other band, dries up in the dry season. The
beats do use the Southern Channel when viewing game.

During the peak season (July-December), three of the vessels make two
trips a day each (at 9am and 3pm), and once a dayfor the rest of the year.
The other two vesselstake trips according to the demand of the tourists.

(b) Chilwero Safaris

This organisation has two vessels. Their home port is the jetty at
Serondela on the Chobe river bank by Chobe Safari Lodge. Bach boat bas

approximatdy three emises every day of the year. They use both
channels, since their boats are small and can croise in relatively shallow
waters, although thls depends on the levelof water in t}lesouthem channel

J during the dry season.

1'
'
1 13
(

1
! ·1
1

(c) Chobe Game Lodge 1

The Lodge bas 10 vessels, tanging in size from 4-seaters to a 16-seater.

Their home port is a jettyby the Chobe River bank sorne hundred metres
from the entrance of the Chobe Game Lodge and sorne half kilometre
north-eastof the bifurcatioof the north channel and the eastern section of
the southem channel. During the peak season (July-December) the laJge

boat, theMosi-oa-Tunya ,roises once daily, a medium sized boat makes
three or four croises a week, while the smaller vessels each croise once
daily. The boats are designed to cruise in low and high water levels and

use both the northem and the southern channel. During thedey season, thé
Southern Channel is hardly used.

(d) Thebe Safari

This mganisation bas four boats, including two 15-seaters.. Their home

port is at a jetty the Chobe river bank. Croises take place every day of
the month, with each vessel going out two or three times a day. The
vessels use both channels, except when the Southem Channel dries up.

(e) Into Africa

This organisation owns five vessels, the largest of which is a 35-seater.
Their home port is a jetty on the Chobe river bank by the Mowana Lodge
situated on the Mambova Rapids at the confiuence of the Chobe River with
the Kasaï Channel. Croises take place 8 times daily in the peak season

from August to December, which are shared between the five vessels.
From December toMay they make trips 3 times a day. These vessels use
both channels, but at times the larger vessels are not used in the Southem

Channel when water levels are low. The Northern Channel is always
navigable to them throughout the year.

7.5 Botswana does not.object to the Namibian tourist boats viewing wildlife from the
southern channel around Kasikili/Sedudu Island so long as they meet thè
requirements of the Botswana Laws, Acts and· Aquatic Weeds Regulations.
Because of the conservation regime in Botswana, game is best viewed on the

Botswana side of the Chobe River, where animais grazeand rest nearby. In fact
the Namibians have little option but to send their tourists into the southern channel
to view the wildlife. Under nonnal circumstances Botswana charges a small fee

to touristsafarioperators to enter the Chobe National Park, but it is not the case
with the tourist boats around Kasikili/Sedudu Island, which is oof a number of
facilities that Botswana makes available to Namibians free of charge. The only

requi.rement is to register theat.

7.6 In any event, the boats are so shallow that they cannot provide any assistance to
the Court on the question of depth, which the Government ofBotswana asserts is
9
the primacy criterion for assessing navigability2Their activities are incidental

29 Botswana MemoriaJ Vol.J, p.89 pan..207, BCounter~ VoMlepm1o2 an..47.

14 to the question of navigation, and consequently to the location of the main
channel30•

8 Fifth. what were the navigationalroutesfollowed by the Zambezi Queen
since it wentinto service in Kasikili/Sedudu1-Wllers? -

8.1 The Zambezi Queen made several trips in the early 1990s; it began its navigation
from Katima Mulilo lodge and cruised down the Zambezj to the bifurcation with

the Kasai Channel. The Zambezi Queen tumed into the Kasai Channel and
followed itimtil the place where the Channel meets the Chobe River. The vessel
ascended the Chobe River to the jonction of the two channels around

Kasikili/Sedudu Island, where it would take the right fork along the northem
channel to Kabuta Island. There it tenninated its joumey, and cruised back on the
same route to Katima-Mulilo.

8.2 As Mr. Jonathan Moore Gibson says in his affidavit of 9 March 1999: 31

"On the Namibian side cifthe northern or main channel at Kasika village
is a tourist operation known as King's Den. Part of King's Den's
accommodation is provided in the "Zambezi Queen". The "Zambezi

Queen" is anchored pennanently alongside King's Den, it is a large fiat
bottomed, steel hulled cabin cruiser type craft. It is 65 meters long, about
ten meters wide, it weighs about 90 tons and draws not quite 0.5 meters

of water. This craft was manufàcrured by Gert Visagie at Katima Mulilo
in the early 1990's to ply the Zambezi river, as however there was
insuffi.cient-trade, itas brought through the Kasai Cuf 2 onto the Chobe

to Kings Den via the northem or main channel. It now appears to be
pennanently anchored there. A craft of this size could not, during low
water, pass through the southem or side channel as it would be too long

and too wide to negotiate the sharp tums. In addition it would draw too •1
much water over such a wide bearn to avoid grounding." !

9 Sixth, Namibiacontendsthatthedepthofthe non hem channelat onepoint
is so shallowthat it significantlylimitsnavigationin the nonhem channel.
\Wzere is tharpoint and whatis the depth of the nonhem channel at thot

point? When and by what meanswas this depth established? How does
the depth at tharpoint comparewith the shallowestpoint of the southem
channel?

9.r,., Botswana is not aware of any survey of the two channels other than the 1985 Joint
,1 Survey. In the absence of any other hydrographie sutvey of the two channels

30 Brownlie, CR 99/13 p.S5.
)1
'32 Responses Annex 9.
1 i.e. tKasai Channel.

1 15

'

.[ around the Islaild, the 1985 Joint Survey remains the 33ly incontrovertible
scienti.fic datby which to compare the two channels.

9.2 At the time of the 1985 Joint Hydrographie Survey, the "Watersurface elevation

was 925.32 metres above mean sea-level. That Survey bas shown that the
shallowest depth in the northem channel is 2.6 metres (at Cross-Section 2), which
converts to a bed elevationof 922.72 metres above mean sea-level, whereas the

corresponding depthin the southem channel was 1.50 metres (at Cross-Section
20), which converts to a bed elevation of 923.82 metres above mean sea-level,
giving a difference of 1.1 metres in favour of the northem channel. Statistical ' .
analysis bas shown that the difference in depth between the two channels is
34
significant. That means tbat at whatever elevation the water inthe two channels
is, the northem channel always bas 1.1 metres depth of water more than the
southern channel. In tenns of navigation, tberefore, the northem channel can
always takecraft ofa rouch deeper diaught than the southern channel.

9.3 Forreferenceto the relevantlegalcomextin the Pleadingssee:

BM, Vol.I, paras. 88-89, 204-221.
BCM, Vol.l, paras. 250, 346-351, Vol.IT, Annex 45.
Brownlie, CR 9917 p. 15-16, 32-34.
Fox, CR 99/8 pp. 45-50.

Sefe, CR 99/12 pp. 49-54.
Brownlie, CR 99113 pp. 54~56.

33 Botswana Counter-Memorial, Vol.fl, Annex 45, and Sefe, CR 99112 pp.49-54, paras.3246.
34 Botswana Reply Voi.I p.169, Appendix 8.

165 Marcb 1999

Judee Oda

Although 1 have close/y followed the explanation by bath !tuties regarding the
factual situation of the region in the vicintry of Kllsildli!Sedudu Island on bath
sides of the Chobe River. 1 still find it di!ficult to visualize the social conditions

that prevailed in the region lare in the last centwy. 1 would like to put to both
Parties thefollowing questions which concem the social conditions and the natural ·
situation ar the rime when the 1890 7Teary -was negotiated. 1 should be most

grate.fulifthe Parties could answer the questions as jar as they can.

1. Wha1 -was the population count in the region bath nonh and south
of the Chobe River late in the last century?

10. .1 The population in the Eastern Caprivi appears to have been fairly steady at a
figureof about 4,000, as evidenced by the Resident Commissioner's Report 1914-
192135and the League of Nations Reports, 1927 - 192ÇJl 6•

10.2 The Austrian traveller Seiner estimated that in 1905 sorne 4,200 people lived in
the Eastern Caprivi. In 1906 he estimated that sorne3,100 Masubia were living
37
in the Eastern Caprivi in the general vicinity of the Chobe River.

11 2. Did the people bath nonh and south of the river belong to the.same
tribeor race of people? llérethe Masubia people spread over a

somewhat wider area nonh of the Chobe River, namely eastern
Caprivi, or were they se ttled on bath sides of the river in the last
century?

ILl In 1890, as today, the population on both sides of the Chobe River was ethnically
mixed. There were Masubia (or "Basubia", although they commonly refer to

themselves as the "Bekuhane"). These people are predominant on both sides of the
lower Chobe River, though in the Eastern Caprivi as a whole they are
1 outnumbered by the Mafwe people.
1
.1,
11.2 The related Mathoka (Batoke) people are also found in the region. The Chobe
1 Annual District Reports for 1942 and 1943 38 establish the presence of Batoke
j
!
.j·\
'.)
i.

1
f6 Namibian Memorial Vol.IV Annex 52, p.203a1p.205.
·? Botswana Counter-Memorial Vot.m, Annexes 11, 12 and 13- see Fox, CR 99/8 p.l5.
P Quoted in Maria Fisch, Der Caprividpfol wiihrend der deutschen Zeit (~haprivi Striduring
' German 1imes-) 1890-1914, (1996),p. 102 (Responses Annex 14}; extnlCts, but not this passage from
1
l8 Fiscb, are altobe found at Annex 119ofthe Namibian Memorial.
·.j Botswana Reply Vol.ll, Annexes 7 and 8.

17 . ·-:

familles living in Sedudu: two familles were recorded as resident in 1942 and
. sevenin 1943. 39

11.3 Khoisan (or "Bushmen" - also known in Sesawa as Basarwa) communities are
likewise to be found on both sides of the river. At the tum of the century they

were concentrated insucb places as Kazungula and Leshom iathe Sedudu Valley
south of Kasikili/Sedudu Island. It is known that familles of the Basarwa were
living in the Sedudu valley as late as the 1950s.0

11.4 The Masubia on both sides of the Chobe River are c1osely related, as are their
principal chiefs. Liswani ill (also referredto as Liswa.ni ll or plain Liswani in
colonial documents, and locally known also as Chika.ll) wasthe most important

Masubia chief from 1890 until his death in 1927.

11.5 Masubia Chiefs at Kasika in the Caprivi and in Botswana descend either from

Uswani m or his father Liswan 1 (LiSVJ3llill or Nkonkwena was a maternai
nephew of Liswani n. ·nuring hislater years Liswani was considered by both
locals and colonial officiaias being senior among the Masubia chiefs in both the

Caprivi Strip and the Bechuanaland Protectorate, though be was never fonnally
gazetted as such. Liswaninyana, who ruled as chief aKasika from 1927 to 1937,
was the son of Liswan ID's younger brother Maiba.

11.6 After Liswani ID's death Nsundano (who went back to Mahabe, dying in 1957),
Chika ill (who moved to Satau, dying in 1954) and Simvula Nkonkwena (who

ruled at Kavimba on the south bank of the Chobe until his death in 1969) disputed
to succeed him. This resulted in a split. After Chika.ID's death in 1954, most of
the people, including the Satau community, who also reside in Botswana,

recognised Simvula Nkonkwena as their senior chief. In 1969 he was succeeded
by Moffat Maiba Simvula, who has been chief at Kavimba ever since.

11.7 Liswaninyana was ~ucceed byedhis half-brother Simvula Maiba, who died in 41
1965, and was replaced by his son Moraliswani, who died some two years ago.

11.8 The information set out in the preceding paragraphs relating to the 42ganisation of
tribal chiefs contradicts Namibia's assertions made in oral hearings to the etfect
that no such tribal organisation existed south of the Chobe around Kasikili/Sedudu
Island.

39
Brownlie, CR 9917 pp.25-26, and Fox, CR 99/8 pp.12-13.
40 Information obtainbythe Agent for Botswana, Tafain interviews conducted in 1993/1994.
41 For the historofthe Masubia on botb sides of the river see, in particular, D M ~The.ukuni,
Basubiaw, Botswana Notes and Records No. 4 (1972), pp.l61-184 (Additional Documenby filed

Botswana on 19 February 1999). alsChris Maritz~Th eubia and Fwe of CaprAny:historical
groundsfor astaiUof primus inter pares?" - Africa Insight, Vol26 No. 2, 1996. (Responses Annex
15).
42 Cot, CR 99/10 pp.40-41.

1812 .. 3. Wharkind of lifestyle was enjoyed by the native peoples living both

nonh and south of the Chobe River or Jww wa.s their society
structured?

12.1 The peoples living on both banksof the Chobe River p:ractised a variety of

economie pursuits in arder to sustain themselves, including arable and pastoral
agriculture, hunting and fishing (see also the answer to Judge Oda's Question 7 -
below). Social status was based both on seniority (with local Chiefs and headmen

enjoying greater status) and wealth (measured in such things as the possession of
livestock and number of wives (see below). 43

'
12.2 . Standard mapping of the area shows that much of the Eastern Caprivi consists of
fertile islands which are seasonally flooded and thus cultivated on a seasonal basis.

13' 4. Did severalfamilies constitute a community ojwere the communities
much bigger? Wls there any inter-relation between the
communities to the nonh and south of the river? Did the chiejs of

the tribes havereally effective control overthelarger community?

13.1 Among the Masubia, an extended family could be the basis for the formation of

a small village or hamlet, which were nurnerous in the swampyareas. But such
units recognised the higher authorityof a Chief, known inthe Chikuhane language
as either a Munitenge or a Simwine. The larger villages of the Munitenge, such
as Mungu under Liswani rn or Kasika under Liswaninyana would have been home

to Iarger numbers of people. Such villages were divided into wards, generally
comprising people claiming a common descent by blood, marriage or adoption.

13.2 In the past, the Masubia were alsovassals of other.larger communities- Makololo,
Malozi, BangWatoand Batawana. From 1890 until the arrivaiof the first Gennan
resident in 1909, the Masubia of the Eastern Caprivi remained under the tight
authority of the Malozi, the core of whose kingdom is located in Western Zambia.

As a result SiLozi.(which is closely related to Se'Thwana)basreplaced ChiKuhane
as the common language of most Masubia.

13.3 Prior to the arrivaof the Gennans in 1909 ail peoples of the Eastern Caprivi were
fully integrated into the political and social structures of the Malozi ·state. As
. sucb, they fell under three sub-cbiefs..After1885 rouch ofthe region feil under
the authority of Mukwea Atangambuya, the daughter and·representative of the

Paramount Chief at Nalalo (in modem Zambia). Shortly thereafter, the King (or
Litunga) Lewanika posted his senior son and heir, Litia, in the region, at old
Kazungula, to act as his deputy throughout most of the Zambezi-Linyanti. There

he enjoyed senior status but shared it with Mukwea, each authority having
:f· interspersed subjects under its direct authority. This arrangement continued after
:! 1893 when Litia moved his k.uta(i.e. his customary court) to Mwandi (now in
1 Za.mbia), adjacent to Mukwea's at Sesheke. As a result of this power-sharing

' arrangement, many of the silalo (sub-districts) were jointly govemed by two

1
~ D M Shamulcuni~T hasubia op.dt. 170-173.

1 19

i
1
.l '!
1

indunas (sub-chiefs), one directly under Litia and the otlÏer onder Mukwea. On
occasion, members of the two regional kuta would meet together under Litia's
chairmanship.

13.4 The only portions of the Zambezi-Linyanti region not under the authority of the
Sesheke and Mwandi /cura were the predominantly Mafwe areas of the Eastern
Caprivi along the River Kwando, which were placed under Litia's younger brother

Litianyana ("little Litea") and thearea south of the Linyanti which in the ISSOs
was nominally under the Bangwato. The Bangwato King, Khama rn, regularly
sent organised hunting parties into the region, ·but otherwiseallowed the Masubia
Chief Liswani rn to rule without interference.4

13.5 Asto Gennan sources, Captain Streitwolf, the first Imperial Gennan Resident in
the Caprivi Strip, travelled in 1908/1909 through Bechuanaland to the Caprivi

Strip. Before he reached Gennan territory, on 14 January 1909, he wrote

"[53] We passed two big Masubia settlements which were scenically
situated at the slopeof a high plateau covered with trees. Until two years

ago [1906/1907] all these settlements were situated in our territory and bad
fied the attacks of theMarotse to Bechuanaland. South of the river they
were secure, as the Marotse scrupulously respected the boundaries...... .

[56] Many of the inhabitants (Masubia) had fied the Marotse and bad
settled on the southem bank of the Linya.nti in Bechuanalanci. Tlùs

explained why there wa45no boatyard in our territory but ali on the south
bank Of the Linyanti. "

13.6 It shou1d be noted that aftera rebellion against theru ling tribein 1870 the great
46
majority of the Masubia bad fied the Caprivi into Becbuanaland.

14
5. ln the period bejore or just afier the Anglo-Gennan Trearyof 1890
did the Chobe River physically prevent the nonhem or southem
people from crossing and did the Chobe River form a natural
barrier?

14.1 The Chobe River does not fonn a naturnl barrier. The people living by the-river
have never bad any problem using the river at any season, since they use
traditional band-made dug-out canoes to travel or cross even deep waters. They

44
op.dt. (Responses Anne,; 15).bestprimary material on Malozi administration of the Masubia in
Caprivi is National Archives of atKTO 3. See also the many early tŒvelogues and sècondary
history sources on MaloFor accountby British officers in Eastern Caprivi see The Barotselarul
Joumals of James Stevenson-Hamillon, 1898-99, Cbatto & Windus, Vol. 7 of the Central Archives
Oppenheimer Series, and Gibbon, Major Ast. H. - Aftica from South to North through Barotseland,
2 Vols, London 1904.
45
Kurt Streitwolf, Der Caprivi2;ipfel eThe CapriviBerin)1,11 pp.53 and 56: see Botswana
46 Counter-Memorial Vol.m Annex 6.
Maria Fisch, Der Caprivitipfel Wiihrend der deutschen Zeit CThe Caprivi Strip in German Times")
1890-1914, (1966) p.85 (Responses Annex 20).

20 .:...

use the river to visit relatives,to fish, and to go on long hunting expeditions on
the islands. In no sense is the river a physical barrier.
1
1
14.2 Obviously, the Anglo-German Agreement of 1890 in no way changed the physical
situation, but it is to be noted that Article VD expressly prevented any title.
generating activity inconsistent with the boundary agreed in the Treaty. Article VD

provides:

"The two Powers engage that neither will interfere with any sphere of
infiuence assigned to the other by Articles 1 toIV. One Power will not in

the sphere of the other make acquisitions, conclude Treaties, accept
sovereign rights or Protectorates, nor binder the extension of influence of
the other.

"It is understood that no Companies nor individuals subject to one Power
can exercise sovereign rights in a sphere assigned to the otber, except with

the assent of the latter."

Relevant comments are contained in Franz Seiner's report of 1908.47

[448] "The traders usually let their herds swim through the Zambezifrom
Kazungula toKakumba or Mpalila and from there through the Linyanti to
its south bank, which fonned the northem border of the Bechuanaland

Protectorate. "

14.4 Captain Streitwolf and his party in 1908/1909 travelled through B.ritish

Bechuanaland to the Caprivi. On 24 January 1909 they reached the south bank of
the Linyanti. Of the crossing of the Linyanti at Ngoma, Streitwolf wrote:

"On the morning of the 25th we immediately beganwith the crossing of the
river. 15 canoes and 60 Masubia were there to help us. Quickly we
unloaded and everything was packed into the boats. They continuously
ferried back and forth over the river which was 50-60 metres wide and 2.5

metres deep, and unloaded on the other bank..•. Theo the mules and horses
were driven ·through the river with the help of the boats and :finallythe
oxen. Within four hours everything was on the other side." 48

14.5 It may interest the Court to see a photograph (Responses Annex. 16) of Captain
Streitwolfs waggon being ferried across the Chobe (Linyanti) at Ngoma in 1909
49
by four canoes.

47.
Franz Seiner: Die wirtschaftsgeographischen und politischen Verhiiltnisse des Caprivizipfels ("The
. . economic-geograpbica1 and politicaJ situation of the Caprivi Strip), in Zeitschrift filr Kolonialpolitik,
. Kolonialrechl und Kolonialwirtsc/JQjt, 11 (1908) pp. 417-465.
4j Kurt Streitwolf, Der Caprivizip(MTheCaprivi Strip"), 1911, p.54 • for the German original see

t Botswana Counter-MemoriaJ Vol.ill, Annex 6.
49 The photograph is an:bived in the National Archives at Windhoek, Namibia, No. 6567, and reproduced
in Maria Fischop.dt.at p.79 (Responses Annex 14).

2115 6.
llbstransponarion by boat along the ChobeRiver the mainmethod
of connectingthe villages and communitiesat that time? Ifso,
between wlu'chpoims on the river did the boars travel? 'Ré'rtehe
Germansenlers in South RestÀfrica in the last century ihterested­

potentiallyor actually- in using this riverfor transportationto the
Zambezi River?

15.1 With regard to transportation by boat, as the main method of connecting the .
villages, the use of local canoes,mekoro, would have been an important method
of communication for the communities along the river, probably the most
important method after walking. Mekoro could link ail points along the Chobe

River and in addition many of thevillagesand hamlets in the swampy areas of the
Eastern Caprivi, which were inter-connected by s~all w arerways.

15.2 There was no commercial transportservice at that time.The Masubia and others ··
have also long used oxen as pack animais to carry goods, and traditionally oxen
were inspanned and made to pull sledges.50

15.3 Nineteenth century European traders and explorers in the region used "scotch
carts", ox wagons and porters to move goods. Local Khoisan ("Bushmen")
communities, who were also found on both sides of the river, rarely usemekoro.

15.4 As Botswana bas stated in itspleadingss, accessto the Zambezi was at all times
a major o~ject oitheeGennan negotiators of the Augio-Gennan Agreement of
2
1890. This is demonstrated in the diplomatie correspondences as well as the
citations from Küchoff and Seiner in paragraph 2.2 above.

15.5 Until the anival of Captain Streitwolin 1909, and Iater Von Fmnkenberg, there
was no German presence in the Eastern Caprivi. There is no evidence as to
interest in the Caprivi on thepart of German settlers elsewhere in South-West
Africa: its remoteness makes any such interest improbable.

16 7. Howdid the communitiessustain themselves? Did theycultivate

crops (and, ifso, whatkind) or did they raiselivestock(and,ifso,
what kind) or did the people depend on hunting!fishing for
sustenance?

16.1 By 1890 communities along the Chobe had long sustained themselves through a
mixture of economie activities, including arnble and pastoral agriculture, hunting
and fishing. Pastoralism, however, has been adversely affected by the tsetse fly

and the spread of such diseases as cattle-lung disease.

16.2 In 1972 the ttaditional economy of the Masubia was described in the following
terms:

50
·For the history of the Masubia on both sides of the river see in particular DM Sham.ukunîop.cit.
~1 Botswana Memorial Vol.I, paras.I31~136.
51 Botswana Counter~V Mol.Ipar.l4.al

22 ------------------

' ~·

"They [the Masubia] are prirnarily an agricultural people; but also keep
cattle,goats and sheep. Other domestic animais they rear are donlŒys,
dogs, cats and chickens. In the Chobe District large herds of livestock
died between 1947 and 1952. Many cattle died, horses and sheep have

almost disappeared. The main crops they grow are maize, various types
of sorghum, pumpkins, melons, and swèet reed (similar to sugar cane).
On a lesser scale they grow also ground nuts, beans, millet, cassava and

,' sweet potatoes. Maizemealthick porridge (inkoko) eaten with fish or milk
constitutes their chief food. Meat also fonns part of their diet. Before the
present game laws came into force, hippos and other wild animais were ·
hunted inla1ge numbers. The Basubia like toeat hippo meat best. "s3

16.3 In 1890 there would have been fewer donkeys, dogs or cats in the region, while
people would haverelied to a greater extent on sorghum rather than maize as their

staple. Otherwise the agriculture of the local small-scale farmers basnot greatly
changed.S4

17 8. In the societythal then existed, \mS there anyconceptofprivately­
owned laiuior did the landbelongto the commwzityor some other,
larger,group?
l
1
17.1 In the Chobe district, Bechuanaland, as elsewhere throughout Southem Africa,
indigenous communities do not have private land tenure. To this day, land

ultimately belongs to the community. This remained the defacto situation inthe
Chobe District after 1890, notwithstanding the fact that the region was from 1899
Iegally gazetted as Crown (State) land. Among the Masubia, access to land was
regulated by the local chiefs, mwzitengwe, usually working through the heads of

extended familles.-

17.+ See also the answer to Judge Ranjeva'sfirst question -at paragraph 1 above.

18 9. lléretherewhite-settlersin the areaaround1890? Ijso. did there

exist any control or administrationover the land and the native
peoples by these whitesettlers?

18. f There was never a policy on the part of either Gennany or Great Britain for the

settlement of whites in significant numbers, either in the Caprivi Strip or in the
Bechuanaland Protectorate.
l
18.~J In 1890 there were in fact no white settlers in the region, though white men
.,
occasionally passed through the region. During the firstdecade of the twentieth
:·: century the new British post at Sesheke (in Northern Rhodesia, now Zambia), the
i closest colonial outpost (established in 1897), became increasingly concemed about

,. the activities of a handful of lawless white men in the Eastern Caprivi who were
'

53 DM Sham.ukuni,op.cit., pp.l61-I84.
r ibid.

.i
j 23 taking advantage of the absence of any Gennan authority on the ground. Kasika

was briefiy the home of one such rogue, actually of mixed race, namedJappe
Lyons.

18.3 Concern about the Iawlessness resulted in the issue of a decree by the German
Governor of South-West Africa on 16 October 1908. In order to enforce law and
arder and to protect wildlife he prohibited entry into the Caprivi Strip for

everybody, with the exception of the native tribes and people holding a permit to
be issued for special reasons. The same concerns also resulted in the ....1

establishment of a German police post at Schuckmannsburg (across the river from
the British at Sesheke) in April 1909, under the command of Captain Streitwolf,
who was sent with two whites and twelve native police helpers, to enforce the
55
Decree.

18.4 Such few whites as did enter the area lawfully (only two were reported as being

inthe Eastern Caprivi in 1914) were closely supervised by the colonial authorities,
requiring permits for trading posts, guo-licences and other aspects of their life~6

Even as late as 1942, the European population in the Cbobe District was no more
than 23 persons. 57

19 1O. Did the tOlmSwhicharenow known as Kasikaon the nonhem bank
of the Chobe River and Kasane on the southem bank of the river

already exist at that n·me,namely in 1890?

19.1 Kasika, which is properly the name of the peninsula (an island during periods of
fiooding) across the Chobe River from Kasikili!Sedudu Island, was the location of
a small hamlet at least as far back as 1905, wben it was under the authority of
. ;
Liswana ll,who was himself based in the Bechuanaland Protectorate. Captairi 1
Eason, in his Report of 1912, noted that there \VaS a seUlement there. 58

19.2 The modem settlement at·Kasane dates from the establishment there in 1909 of the
British Bechuanaland Protectorate's police post. The adjacent indigenous settlement

of Kazungula (that is on the south bank of the Chobe River near itsconfluence
with the Zambezi, the name Kazungula also being used for the settlement on the
opposite bank of the Zambezi in what is now Zambia), however, dates back for

many more decades. Kazungula's population fiuctuated during the late nineteenth
century, due to political factors. Today, Kazungula and Kasane have, essentially,
merged, with the latter name being more commonly used.

55 The Decree itseliSreproduced with translation in the Namibian Memorial VatAnnex 91. See
generally Imre Josef Demhanit, Deutsche Kolonialgrenzen in Afrika ("German Colonial Boundaries in

Africa"), 1997,atp.340. (Responses Annex 17). See also Oskar Hintrager Sadwestafrika in der
deutschenZeirCSouth West Africain German Times"), 1955, p.I06. (Responses Annex 18).
56 Report of the Resident Commissioner 1914-1921 dated Mareh 1922, Namibia Memorial Vol.IV, Annex
52 p.203~59.
51 Annual Report for the Cbobe District 1942, Botswana's Reply Voi.D, Annex 7 at p.l9.
58
Botswana MemoriaJ Volrn Annex 15 p.235.

2420 · 11. Ifthe use of Kasikili!SeduduIsland had staned already before
1890. whatinceruivedid the people, whetherthose livingnonh or

·southof the river.haveto cometo this smallislandfor sucha shon
period in the dry seasoneachyear in arderto cultivatecrops? If
they did cultivate crops on Kasikili!Seduduisland in the growing
season, did they then leavetheir ownland unattended?

20.1 It is impossible to discover any answerinthe sources available. The oral evidence
1 tendered by the Caprivi witnesses giving evidence to the Joint Team of TechniCal
Experts ("JTI'E") at Katima Mulilo in 1994 does not address the reason for using
the Island rather thanthe mainland for cultivation. ·

20.2 It is diffi.cult to imagine what incentive therwas for people from north of the
river tocome to cultivate on KasikiliJSedudu Island. The area north of the river
fioods at the same time as the Island and so both are available for cultivation at
the same time as the fioods subside. The area north of the Island was thinly
populated and so non-availability of land due to population pressure cannot be

assumed as an incentive either.

20.3 If people from the nôrth of the river bad cultivated land on the Island, they would
have bad to leave their fields on the mainland unattended. Given that their fields

on the mainland would, like the Island, also have just emerged from the fl.oods,
this would have meant that they bad to forego the larger fields on the IIJ.ainlandfor
small fields on the Island.

21 12. Did the people cultivatecropson Kasildli/Seduduisland main/y to
protect those cropsfrom wild animal.r? Ifso, during the dry
season, couldthe animais also not easily crossthe dry riverbed?
Ifthere werewild animais, whatkind werethey?

21.1' ·Most wild animais, such as buffalo, elephant, hippo, and numerous different
species of antelope,_can easily cross onto the Island throughout theyear. This is
corroborn.ted by the evidence given tothe JTrE at Katima Mulilo, which showed
that agricultunù activities were tenninateas a result of elephant invasions, which
took place in 1937 according tosorne witnesses, and in 1958 according toothers.

21.2 It is also worth noting thaby 1900 the wildlife populations along the Chobe bad
been greatly reduced as a result of overhunting and rinderpest. They have
recovered over the last half century due to the enforcement of colonial anti­
poaching laws and the establishment of the Chobe Game Reserve in 1960 and

subsequently of the Chobe National Park in 1967. There9are no equivalent Game
Reserves or Parks in the adjacent areas of the Caprivi.'

s~
Kav.-anna,CR 99/10 pp.13-17.

25 D--·

22 13. Did the people remain on Kasikili/Sedudu island during the growing
season or did they travel every day to and from their homes located
on the banks of each side of the Chobe River? ·

22.1 There is no evidence of any human habitation on the Island: on the contrary, the
aerial photography, including the 1943 photograph, which shows two small squares
as fields, gives no indication whatever of any human habitation or village. 60

Furthermore no Botswana witness gave any evidence to the JTfE ofhabitation on
the Island.

22.2 .The Namibian witnesses gave contrary evidence, but much of it\VaS unreliable,
as was explained by the Agent for Botswana in the oral hearings61•

22.3 Botswana witnesses did, however, testify to the use of the Island for gmzing
puq>oses for cattle in transit.to Zambia. There was evidence on the Botswana side
that the Island was used to grazegovemment oxen inthe 1920s, in the 1940s the
Batoka.familles were ploughing on the Island. 62 The witness Mokhlwa, cross­

examined by the Narnibian Component, said that in or about 1941 people
(including himself) working for the Susman brothers used to divide up hundreds
of cattlein order to cross the river, paddling with canoes on both sides of the

divided berd. They used to start at about 8 in the63orning. About 500 cattle at
atime were taken across to pastures on the Island. Permanent human habitation
on the Island would have been most unlikely in such circumstances.

22.4 It will be recalled thaBotswana undertook a study of the sedimentation profile of
the Island.64 That study did.not show up any evidence of human habitation in the
fonn of bones, artifactsor charcoal.

22.5 In any event it is of course necessary to bear in mind that no habitation of any
kind cou1d exist upon the Island during the four months orso of the annual flood.

23 14. Ifthe local population at thar time had no need for any division or
border at the Chobe River, \omS the barrier to free movement

created in an administrative manner by the 1890 Treaty which was
intended to divide the respective spheres of influence of Gennany
and Great Britain?

23.1 Prior to the Treaty of 1890, there wasno Gennan or British colonial presence in
the region. Gennan administrative authority in the Caprivi Strip was not
established until 1909, while British administrative posts in the area were

established at Sesheke (Northem Rhodesia, now Zambia) in 1897, Kazungula on

6° Fox, CR 9918 pp.I2-13, Tafa, CR 99112 pp.15-16.
61 Tafa, CR 99/12 pp.l2-13. 1·.-
62
Fox, CR 99/8 p.26.
63 Namibia MemoriaJ Vol.II, Annex 1 - Transcript of Hearings Vol. 1 -Kasane Hearings, p.83. ·
64 Botswana Counter Memorial Vol.ll, Appendix 3.

26 the north bank of the Zambezi in 1898-1900, and Kasarte in the Bechuanaland .
Protectorate in 1909.

23.2 The Treaty of 1890 itself did not as such createany administrative banier to free
movement of the local population, and indeed when in Octob ~9r8 the Gennan
colonial administration issued a decree pn::)hibitingentryintothe Caprivi Strlp, it
expressly exempted members of the native tribes residing in the Strip.s

23.'3 Article VD of the 1890 Treaty,as set out in full in the Reply to question 14.2
above, provided that "no Companies nor individuals subject to one Power can

exercise sovereign rights ina sphere assigned to the other, except with the assent
of the latter." Whilst this meant that the continuing interchanges of the indigenous
tribesmen on Œch side bad no legal significance, the colonial authorities

nonetheless were alert to any major movements which might disturb the existing
territorial sratus quo.

24 '. 15. Could the administrarivebar onjree movement creared by the 1890
Treary real/y have been effective in such a region during the
decades following the conclusion of the Treaty?

24.1 During the 1920s, when the British District Commissioner at Kasane also
administered the Eastern Caprivi, there was a major movement of Masubia from
the south to the north bank of the Chobe River, because no Hut Th.xwas collected

under the Mandate in the Caprivi.

24.2 ·· Up until the 1960s therewas almost no control over the movement of people back

and forth across the Chobe River. In 1961, sorne 25% of children attending
schools within the Chobe District, excluding Pandamatenga, were from homes in
the Caprivi, 1,500 out of 1,800 outpatients at the Kasane Dispensary during the

first 18 months of 1961 were Caprivian, 90% of the fish so1dlocally was marketed
~. by Caprivians, and most business at local trading stores was with Caprivians. A
sirnilar patternf contacts existed at the tinle of the compilatioof ·the Botswana
Memorial. 66

24.3 The most significant bar to free movement across the river during thecolonial
period was, however, the restriction on the movement of cattle from the Caprivi
into the Protectorate from the 1930s. These restrictions were due to veterinary

considerations, i.eto protect the movement of Ngamiland cattle along the south
bank of the Chobe toKazungula from cattle diseases known to be prevalent in the
Caprivi.

24.4 As late as November 1981, at a joint conference of Caprivians and Botswana at
Katima Mulilo, Chief J.M.Moraliswani is quoted as having

65 See the text of the Decree in Namibia Memorial Vol.V a1para.2.
66 Botswana MemoriaJ Vol.I, para.-38, p.IS.

27

,•, "made mention of the privileges and rights enjoyed by Botswana people
from Caprivi, like cutting grass, reeds, pales, palm-leaves to build their
huts and the gathering of edible fruitn.67

24.5 It may be recalled that at this joint conference, the Caprivian representatives made
no reference ta any interference with their_alleged activities on the Island.

25 16. Dîd the 1890 Treatybring about any changes in the lifestyle of the
tUllivepeoples in the region in thefollowing severa!decades after

its conclusion?

25.1 There is no evidence that prior to 1909, with the establishment of the British
..police post at Kasane and the Gennan police post at Scbumannsburg, the lifestyles

of the peoples in the region were in any substantial way atfected by the 1890
Treaty. ·

25.2 Thereafter, colonial interference in local lifestyles up until the 1960s was, as
indicated above, minimal.

25.3 From 1914 to 1929 the Eastern Caprivi and the Chobe District of Bechuanaland
were bath administered by the District Commissiooer at Kasane.

25.4 The Caprivi Strip was traitsferred from the jurisdiction of the Bechuanaland
Protectorate in 1929, and thereafter administratively reiotegrated into South-West
Africa (administered by South Africa). But the new arrangement soon became
inconvenient. In 1937 the authorities in Wmdhoek aslŒd to be relieved of the .

burden of administering the Eastern Caprivi. Thus, in August 1939, the territory
passed under the direct administration of the Native Affairs Department in
Pretoria, which maintained its administrative control untill980. A Magistmte for

the Eastern Caprivi was posted at K.atima Mulilo. lb assist him, provision was
made for Bechuanaland Protectorate Fblice officers to patrol the Eastern Caprivi
as "Peace Officers". This action was canied out with particular reference ta the
need for Bechuanaland Protectorate RJlice to patrol the north as well as the south
68
bank of the Cbobe between Kazungula and Kasika.

26 17. In the period immediately ajter the conclusion of the 1890 Treaty,

was there any real control by the colonial States - Germany and
Great Britain - enforr:inga strict separation of the nonhem and
southem people in the region of the Chobe River?

26.1 The Court is respectfully referred to the infonnation already supplied above:

67 Botswana MemoriaJ Vol.ill, Annex 39, pp.345at347.
68 TroUope Report on the administration of the Eastern Caprivizipfel 1940; Annex 58 to the Namibian
Memorial Vol.IV pp.229at261.

28 . :!

26.2 As noted above, only in October 1908, i.e. 18 years after the conclusion of the
Treaty of 1890, did Germanyformally extend its administrationinto the Caprivi

Strip. It took another threemonths before the fust German Imperial Resident,
CaptainStreitwolf,arrived inthe Caprivi to establisharder and to enforceGennan.
laws.69

26;3 A note of the Department for Colonial Boundary Affairs headed by Dr. von
Danckelmann, dated 21 April 1904, statedthat the Caprivi Strip, that small strip

of land stretching from the protectorateto the Za.mbezi

"bas not been visitedby. any Germanexploreror governmentofficialsince
~· its acquisition (1890)and constitutesa completete"a incogrùta...' 170

27' 18. Did the division of the temtory or separation of the peoples, in

spite of the 1890 Treary ,n fact only stan as lare as the middle of
this century?

27.1 There is no indication in the historical record, including the documents invoked
bybothparties in the presentproceedings,that any significantmovementofpeople
across the Chobe bas talŒn place for more than sixty years. Both in the colonial

period, and sinceindependence,such movementswould bave been discouraged.

At the same time in the colonial period there were nume.rousinfonnal contacts
betweenMasubia living alongthe banksof the Chobe.

27;3 Since 1960 more control of the movementof people bas been exercised for a
number of reasons, including the conservation of wildlife, the prevention of
..
poaching, and the maintenance of security in the p71iod of civil strife in Namibia
(duringthe finalperiod of South Africancontrol). Nonetheless, as lateas 1992
in an exchange of letters between the two Presidents, President Masire of

Botswananoted that:-

"Crossing into Botswana or Namibia through ungazetted points of the
border for pu1p0ses of visiting relatives, shopping, attending funerals,

marriages, and other ceremonies such as the installation of chiefs is

69 AlfredZimmermann, Geschichle der Deutschen Koloninlpolitik CHistory of German Colonial Policy")
1914, p.327: Rl908 Oct.(ober): The so-called Caprivi-Strip is placed under German admiriistration."
(Responses Annex 19).
,;0 Aktenband 1784: Erforschung des Okavango-Gebietund des Caprivi-Zipfels, April 1902- ]uni 1910,

Band Nr.l Blatt 83-83R File No. 1784: "Exploration of the OkavangoArea and the Caprivi Strip, April
1902 -June 1910, Sheet 83-83R", quoted in Imre Josef Demhan:lt,Deutsche Kolonialgre...vHka
'·71 ("German Colonial BoUDdariesin Africa"), 1997, p.339.
·· The continuanceofinformal contactsafter 1960 is evidenced by the diplomatie note of President Masire
i to President Nujoma of April1992 (Botswana Counter-Memorial ill,Annex 45 and Fox, CR 9918
pp.14-15).

29 generally going on without hindrance. The authorities ·payan oblivious
attention to such crossings on a daily basis.2

27.4 No use of the Island for cultivation or grazing bas been perinitted since 1960. No
people were using the Island for agriculture when the Chobe Game Resetve was
established in 1960. Moreover, as the evidence of the aerial photographs shows,
there was no habitation on the Island from 1925 onward.

27.5 The chronology employed in this question bas, inthe opinion of the Govemment
of Botswana, particular legal significance. Until 1960 infonnal movement of
people was possible and this factor, along with others, militates against the

assertion (on the partof Namibia) that the activitiesofthe peopleof Kasika cttuld
create title by prescription.In any case, after the correspondence of the period
1948 to 1951, the dispute bad surfaced and thisprecluded the development of a

prescriptivetitleafter the middle of the century.

27.6 For referenceto the relevantlegal context in the Pleadings see:

BM, Vol.I,paras. 37-39.
BCM, Vol.I, paras. 172-189, 670-686.
Brownlie, CR 9917 pp. 19-30.

Brownlie, CR 99/13 pp. 50-53.

Judge Ranjeva

28 In viewof the explanations given by counseljor Namibia -withregard to item No.
6.2 in the judges' folder for the second round of oral pleadings, would it be
possible for the tWoParties to ask the relevant specialized agencies to provide

them -withone or more satellite photographs of the area represented in that item
of the folderand to produce it or them to the Coun?

28.1 The map to which the Judge's Question refers is to be found in the Namibian
Second Round Judges' Folder at 6.2.

28.2 That map is an extiact from Botswana Map Sheet 3, which was itself derived from

Botswana Photomap Sheets 1824A and 1824B, fust published in 1981 and 1982
respectively.· The source of the·data for these photomaps is June 1977 aerial
photography cont:Iact No. 165 at approximate scale 1:50 000.

28.3 At the place where the words "boundary undetermined" are written on the map,
the original aerial photographs show numerous channels. The cartographer, unable
todetermine which of the channels is the main channel in that area, decided to
mark the section with the words "boundary undetennined". Thus, the absence of

a boundary syrnbol in this section of the map in no way implies the absence of a

.72 Note dated 23 December 1992, Additional DocumentsbyBotswanaon 19 Feb 1999, p.19 cited
_atFox, CR9918p.15.

30 river course, but mere1y constitutes a factual recognitionofthe comp1exities of the

Kwando-Linyanti-Chobe river system in the vicinity of Lake Liambezi. It is
conventional practice for a national mappi.tig agency w hich is not sure about a
feature such as an international boundary to avoid unilateral depiction. In

retrospect, ifone considers ·the protracted argument over the Kasikili/Sedudu
Island issue where there are two. clearly-de:fined channe1s, the cartographer was
. wise to insert the words "boundaiy undetennined" to mark this section of the river
where many channe1s appear in the photograph.

28.4 While Botswana submits that the status ofthe Chobe River, whether as perennial
.or ephemeral, is not relevant to the task before the Court, it needs to be

emphasised, in any event, tbat riversare not classified as perennial or ephemeral
on the basis ofa cartographer's exercise of judgment or "licence".

28.5· However, as requested, the Republic of Botswana bas ordered two types of
1 .·imagery covering latitude 17° 45' ta Latitude 18° 45' South and Longitude 24°
00' ta Longitude 25° 00' East as speci:fiedbelow. These will be made available
ta the Court as soon .as they are received from the supplier.

LANDSAT MSS IMAGE

June 1975
November 1975

Composite images of these scenes using bands 4,5 and 7 will be provided in bard

copy.7J

LANDSATTM

May 1995
September 1995

Composite images of these scenes using bands 3,4 and 5 will alsobe provided in
hard copy.

28.6 An explanation of the difference between the two types of imagery provided is to
be found in Botswana's Counter-Memorial. 74

28.? As will be seen from the sets of satellite imagery to be provided, the numerous
channels which appear on the 1977 aerial photographs are far less pronounced, so
that it is in fact much easietasee from these images only one prominent channel.
This is the main channel of the Chobe River in this portion of its course. 75

.,
u The serieofsatellite îmagery to be submitted are also available in digital format on CD-ROM which
,!
.4 can be provided to the Cifthe Court so wishes.
~ Botswana Counter-Memorial Appendix 2, pp.40-4I, pams.70-71.
15 This description is based on a preview of the. scenesbyrthe supplierThese previeware
'~l attacbed at Responses Annex 20.
i
j
31 . .
28.8 Botswana respectfully submits tbat the area · shown in the imagery scenes is
divorced from the subject matter which the parties have submitted for the Courfs
decision in the SpecialAgreement and in no way relates to the area presently in
dispute.

28.9 In the respectful submission of Botswa tnea ~haracterisation of the river as
perennial or not appea.rs to be irrelevant to the discharge of the Court's task ·in

accordance with the provisions of Article 1 of the Special Agreement.- .;

Judge Pam-Aranguren

29 Sometimes reference is rru:u:lo the "thalweg of the main channel" and other times
1
to the "thalweg channel of the main channel". ~t is the difference, if any, ·
between the thalweg of the main channel, and the thalweg channel of the main .1
channel?

29.1· A "thalweg channel of the main channel" does not exist as a geomorphological
entity, whereas the "thalweg of the main channel" can be identified and measured

as such an entity. Ali channels have a thalweg. Where a river bifurcates into two
or more channels, only one of those channels will qualify to be designated the
main channel. This channel will have a thalweg which ..an be identified as the
"thalweg of the main channel", distinguishing it from the thalwegs of other

channels.

29.2 Botswanamaintains that there is no geomorphologicalentity known as a "thalweg
channel".76 The tenninology "thalweg-channel" was introduced by Professor

Alexander in order to justify hiimaginary channel across the Island, which Lady
Fox in her presentation referred to as the "Namibian Construct". 77 Neither in the
northem channel nor in the channel before and after the bifurcation can such a

"thalweg channel" be identified in those channels. Namibia's "thalweg channel"
is simply the southem channel. And, as the Republic of Botswana bas pointed out,
Professer Alexander misrepresented Schumm (1987) in his attempt to·depict the
southem channel as a "thalweg channel" of his constructed "main channel". 78

29.3 A thalweg is recognised by aliauthorities as the tineof maximum depth within a
channel. Thus a thalweg carutotitself bea channel. Th talk ofa thalwegchannel
in another channel is erroneous. As ali channels by definition have thalwegs, to

ta1k of a "thalweg channel" is a contradiction in terms. Both in law and in
hydrology, the thalweg is a line, the line of deepest soundings. Even Namibia
bas to admit this when it speaks of the tineof deepest soundings, i.e. the thalweg
intheir "thalwegchannel". According to Namibia, the boundary would run in the

76
Botswana Couuter-Memorial Vo!.ll, Appeodix 4, p.3, paras.9-ll, Sefe, CR 99/12, pp.42-43, paras.l2·
14.
77 Fox, CR 99/8 p.SOparas.lS-16.
78 Sefe, CR 99112p.42-43.

32

.. '''
';

thalweg of the thalweg channel of the main chantieZ. The proposition is

inconsistentwith both legaland hydrologicalusage. It isa1soinconsistentwith the
language of the Anglo-Gennan Agreement according to which the boundary runs
in the "centre of the main channel" or "thalweg" of the Chobe.

29 .4. For referenceto the relevantlegal contextin the Pleadingssee:

· BM, Vol.I, paras. 205·6.
BCM, Vol.I, para. 346,

· BCM, VoLll, Appendix 2, paras. 21-23, Appendix 4, paras. 9-11.
BR, Vol.I, paras. 55-60.
Thlmon, CR 99/9 pp. 34, 44-45.
'Thlmon, CR 99/12 pp. 27-29.

Sefe, CR 99/12 p. 43.

Judge Kooijmans

30 • lWuzt is the characterof the River Chobe downstreamfrom MambovaRapids till
itsconfluencewith the Zambez it Kazangulain the dry season?

ls it mainly dry oris there continuous flow of lmter and, if so,
wheredoes that rvatercomefrom?

Can the Coun be providedwith the relevanthydrologicaldata?

30..1 As long as the Zambezi flows, whether from theanabranched channels feeding the
Chobe upstream or downstream of Kasikili!Sedudu Island, there is water in the

confluence of the two rivers downstream ofthe Mambova Rapids. The confiuence
itselfis not clearly defined. Water from the Zambezi River spills into the
confluence zone downstream of theRapidsand tben continues to flow downstream
into theZambeziRiver.

30.2 On the Botswana side, there are no hydrological records for this section of the
Chobe River. However,the fact that them is flow inthis region can be seen from
the hydrological records at Victoria Falls, Big Tree Station.79

79 Botswana Reply, Appendix 4, p.159, Table 6, and Tabs 10 and 11 in the BotswanaSecond Round

Judges'Folder.
1
1 33
1
i
i
l ,,-..1,

President Schwebel

31 Botswana 's counsel today reiterated its position thar the Joint Survey Report of
1985 and the intergovemmental transaction of 1984-1985 relating toit, constitute

an "international agreement". flbs that international agreement registered with
the Secretariat of the United Nations unàer Article 102 of the Charter? Ifnot,
may thal agreement be invoked before any organ of the United Nations, including
thisCourt, the principaljudicial organ of the United Nations?

1 Botswana's Position Concerning the Joint Survey Report of 1985 and the·
intergovernmental transaction of 1984-1985

31.1 · Botswanacontends that the Pretoria Agreement of 19 December 1984 constitutes
a Iegally valid international agreement. It was an informai agreement evidenced
in the fonn of contemporaneous minutes prepared by the govenunents concemed.

It is generally recognised that general international law does not prescribe
conditions of form.80

31.2 The Joint Smvey Report of 1985 is alegally binding intergovenunental instrument
which was the direct consequence of the Pretoria Agreement of 1984.

31.3 In any event, the Jo~t Survey Report constitutes reliable expert opinion evidence

on an issue wlùch is centràl to the issues inthiscase.

31.4 For reference to the relevant legal context in the Pleadings see:

BM, VoLI, pp. 79-83, paras. 181-93.
BCM, Vol, 1,pp. 35-41, paras. 72-92.
BR, Vol. 1,pp. 48-54, paras. 133-56.
Brownlie, CR 9917, pp. 29-30.

rua, CR 9917, pp. 35-51.
· Brownlie, CR 99/13, pp.58-60.

ll The Namibian Position

31.5 This is reviewed by Botswana'sCounsel in the oral hearings as follows:

Professor Brownlie, CR 99/13, pp.58-9.

ID · · The Submissions of Botswana in response to the President's Question .

· 31.6 The Pretoria Agreement was not registered, and the Govenunent of Botswana, and
its co-conuactor, clearly did not consider that the instrument gualified for

80 Botswana Memorial Vol.!, pp.S0-83, pams.182-193.

34 ,~'.·~

registration inaccordance with the provisions of Article 102 of the Charter. This
assomption did not affect the legal validityof the agreement, however.

31.7 The Govemment of Botswana submits that the Pretoria Agreement and the adjunct

Joint Survey Report remain valid for the following reasons:

(i) First: even if the Pretoria Agreement _qualified for registration, the

provisions of Article 102 do not indicate that the consequence of non­
registration is invalidity.

(ii) Second: there is no evidence that the Government of Botswana bad the

intent,at any stage, to evadethe provisions of Article 102.

(iii) Titird: the Court's pmctice supports the proposition that non-registmtion

does not affect the actual validityof the Agreement.

(iv) Fourth: the pmctice of the Pennanent Court militates strongly in favour
t of wlidity.
J
f
(v) Fifth: considerations of good faith and stability also militate against the
use of Article 102 in arder to weaken the legal status of the transactions of
1984 and 1985.

(a): The Provisions of Article 102

3 1.8 There bas for long been respectable authority whlch affinned the view that the
provisions ofArticle 102 do not have the consequences of invalidity.

31.9 Thus, in the well-known Manual edited by Max Sorensen, Clive Parry wrote:

'Theparallel provision of the Charter, Article 102, does not

declare unregistered treaties to be not binding but simply
disables any party thereto from invoking them before any
organ of the United Nations, and the Regulations goveming
the procedure of registration approved by the General

Assembly provide that 'Registrntion shall not take place
until the treaty ... bas come into force ...' (Art. 1 (2), 9
UN1S, 15). lt wou1d appear clear, therefore, that non­
registration basno effect upon the validity of a treaty. But

it may render it unenforceab1e, for instance before the ICJ,
which is, in tenns of Article 7 of the Charter, an organ of
the United Nàtions. The view bas been expressed that 'it is
difficult to see how any organ of the United Nations could

pennit a party to a dispute - whether a Member of the
United Nations or not - to invoke any unregistered
agreement' in fact registra.ble (MeNair, op. cit. , p. 188).
The duty of registration is not, however, incumbent upon a

35 non-member. But the question though 81uched on in several
cases, bas not yet squarely arisen. '

31.10 Lord McNair has observed that 'the aspect of Article 102 which was uppennost

in the minds of those who ftarned and approved the Regulations [which were to
give etfect to this article], namely that registration is an important piece of
machinery rather than a test of the validityof treaties'.2

31.11 Hans Kelsen referredto the 'relative invalidation of the treaty within the sphere
of theUnited Nations' in the following passage: ·

'In this context we shall discuss only the effect of this provision on
the Member which bas not fulfilledits obligations onder paragraph
1. That this Member cannot invoke a non-registered treaty before

any organ of the United Nations means that the treaty is to be
considered by the competent organ of the United Nations as non­
valid in relation to the Member which invokes the treatybefore that
organ. The wording of Article 102, paragraph 2, does not preclude

an organ of the United Nations, especially the International Court
of Justice, from applying a non-registered treaty not invoked by a
party; and a party may not invoke a treaty in case the treaty is1ess

favourable to that party than to the other party. Theo the other
party is interested in the treaty; but Article 102, paragraph 2 -
according toits wording- applies also tothat party. That the mgan
of the United Nations may apply a non-registered treaty ex officia

whether the treaty is or is not invoked by a party, is more than
doubtful. If a treaty may not be invoked by the parties before an
international authority, that authority cannat apply the treaty.
Hence the e1fect of the provision that no.party to a non-registered

treaty may invoke the treaty before any organ or the United Nations
is the invalidation of the treaty within the legal sphere of the United
Nations. It is a relative, not an absolute invalidation of the

unregistered treaty. The parties to the unregistered treaty are not
prec1uded from invoking the treaty before authorities different from
the organs of the United Nations, and these authorities are not
precluded from app1ying such a treaty. ' 83

31.12 In this context, a final point needs to be made. There is ·no presomption of the
invalidity or unenforceability of an agreement. The Govemment of Botswana bas

at no stage sought to 'invoke' an agreement which would qualify for registration
by virtue of Article 102. The point bas only been mentioned in passing by the
other party, and this in the second round of the oral hearings and without any

81
Sorensen(ed.)Manual of Public International Law, London, 1968, p.209.
82 McNair, The Law ofTreaties, Oxford, 1961, pp.ISS-6.
83 Kelsen, TheLaw of the United Nations, London, 1950, p.722.

36 ,,...

indication of its views on the-subject. 84 Furthennore it bas only been raised by

the Court in the fonn of a question from a member of the Court.

31.13 In this situation Botswana does not consider that there can be any presomption that

an infonnal agreement likethe Pretoria Agreement falls within the provisions of
Article 102.

(b) · There is no evidence that the Government of Botswana bad the intent to evade the
, , provisions of Article 102

31.14 The mischief at which the provisions of Article 102 are aimed, as in the case of
its predecessor, Article 18 of the League Covenant, is secret diplomacy. The
present case did not involve any secret dip1omacy. Botswana communicated its

plans to the United Nations Council for Namibia, to SWAPO, and to the United
Nations Secretary-General.as In any event the Government of Botswana, for its
part, did not consider that the Pretoria Agreement qualified for registration.

(c) . The Recent Prnctice of the Court
,•
31.15 The recent practice of the Court provides confinnation of the position that non-

registration does not affect the actual va.lidityofthe agreement in question. Thus
the Judgment of the Court of 1 July 1994 in Qatar v. Bahrain (Jurisdiction and
Admissibility) deals with point at issue as follows:

'28. Bahrain however bases its contention, that no international
agreement was concluded, also upon another argument. It
maintains that the subsequent conduct of the Parties showed that

they never considered the 1990 Minutes to be an agreement of this
kind; and that not only was this the position of Bahrain, but it was
also that of Qatar, Bahrain points out that Qatar waited until June

1991 before it applied to the United Nations Secretariat to register
the Minutes of December 1990 under Article 102 of the Charter;
and moreover that Bahrain objected to such registration. Bahrain
also observes that, contrary to what is laid down in Article 17 of

the Pact of the League of Arab States, Qatar did not file the 1990
Minutes with the General Secretariat of the League; nor did it
follow the procedures required by its own Constitution for the

conclusion of treaties. This conduct showed that Qatar, like
Bahrain, never considered the 1990 Minutes to be an internationai
agreement.

l
1 29. The Court would observe that an international agreement or
.;. treaty thatbas not been registered with the Secretariat of the United
Nations may not, according to the provisions of Article 102 of the
Charter, be invoked by the parties before any organ of the United

84
Faundez, CR 99110, p.49, pata.21.
85 Tafa, CR 9917, pp.35-7, paras.S-9.

37 Nations. Non-registration or late registration, on the other band,
does not have any consequence for the actual validity of the
agreement, which remains no less binding upon the parties. The

Court therefore cannat infur from the fact that Qatar did not·app1y
for registrationof the 1990 Minutes until six months after they were
signed that Qatar considered, in December 1990, that those Minutes

did not constitute an international agreement. The same conclusion
follows as regards the non-registration of the text.with the General
Secretariat of the Arab League. Nor is there anything in the

material before the Court which would justify deducing from any
disregard by Qatar of its constitutional rules re1ating to the
conclusion of treaties that it did not intend to conclude, and did not

consider that it bad concluded, an instrument ofthat kind; nor could
any such intention, even if shown to exist, ·prewll over the actual
tenns of the instrument in question. Accordingly Bahrain's
argument on these points also cannat be accepted. ' 86

31.16 This reasoning was supported by the fourteen Judges of the Court together with
the two ad hoc Judges. Moreover, the attitude of the Court is of particular

significance in view of the fact that one of the Parties bad expressly relied upon
Article 102 in arder toseek to invalidate the agreement in question.

31.17 Of special importance is the fact that the Court was unwilling to infer from the
fact of non-registration that the Minutes 'did not constitute an international
agreement'. 87

31.18 The determination of the Court in Qatar v. Bahrain bas been pre:figured by its
earlier pmctice to a certain extent. Writing in 1963, Judge Higgins observed:

'On several occasions the e:ffect of non-registration under Article
102 bas been mentioned in proceedings before the International
Court of Justice. While an examination of these proceedings is

beyond the scope of this study - the Court not being a political
Oigan of the United Nations - it may be observed that that judicial
body bas shawn no great desire to apply the sanction in Article
102.'88

31.19 This reluctance bas also been remarked upon by Professor Rousseau in his treatise:

'A trois reprises, mais de manière incidente, le problème de la
valeur d'un traité non enregistré a étésoulevé devant la Cour
internationale de justice : par l'Afrique du Sud dans l'affaire du
StŒut intemarional du Sud-ouest africain (avis consultatif du 11

juillet 1950), par la Grande-Bretague dans l'affaire de l'Anglo-

86 I.C.J. Reports, 1994, p.122.
87
as above, I.C.J. Reports, 1994, para.29.
1 88 The Development of lnrernational Law Through PoliticaOrgans of the United Nations, London,
1 1963, p.334 (footnote omitted).
1-
38 ..:

Iranian co (anêt du 22 juilleet 1952) et par le juge Annand Ugon

dans l'affaire de l'or monétairepris à Rome (arrêt du 15 juin
1954). Mais, dans aucune de ces décisions, la Cour n'a retenu
l'argumentation fondée sur le défaut d'enregistrement, celle-ci

s'appliquant dans deux cas à des actes qui n'etaient pas
juridiquement des traitès (déclarations unlatéiales faites par les
represéntants du gouvernement sud-africain devant. les organes de
la S.D.N., contrat de concession conclu le 29 avril 1933 entre le
0
gouvemment iianien et lAnglo-ba.nia.n C ) et, dans un troisième
cas, à la juxtaposition de déclarations unilatérales d'intention
(accord tripartite de Washington du 25 avril 1951).'

31.20 Similarly, Professors Daillier and Pellet have observed:

'La pratique de la C.I.J. est également assez souple: dans l'affaire

du Différendterritorial entre la Libye et le Tchad, elle ne s'est pas
arrêtéeà l'enregistrement très tardif de l'Accord franco-libyen de
1955; il est vrai que les deux parties reconnaissaient son
applicabilité(Rec.l994, p. 20). De même,dans son arrêtdu 1 cr

juillet 1994, la Cour a rappelé que "le defaut d'enregistrement" ou
l'enregistrement tardif est (...) sans conséquence sur la validité
même de l'acconi, qui n'en lie pas moins les parties' (Rec.. p.
89
122)".

31.21 In conclusion, on the prnctice of the Court in the present context, there are
grounds for believing that, in the absence of any consistent procedure for

monitoring the application of Article 102, the Court bas often applied agreements
invoked by the parties which were, in fact, unregistered. Thus, in the Gabci.kovo
Case the following agreements were relied on by the Court, although they bad not
been registered9:

Agreement on mutual assistance, signed by the two parties on 16
September 1977 (para. 21);

Protocol (amending the above Agreement) signed on 6 February
1989 (para. 21);
Agreement as to the common operational regulations of
Plenipotentiaries ful.filling dutsigned on 11 October 1979 (para.

26).

(d) The Practice of the Pennanent Court

31.22 It is relevant to recall the position under the Covenant of the League of Nations.
Article 18 of the Covenant provided in clear terms that without registrations
treatieswere not binding. Even so, the Permanent Court was not inclined to

ignore unregisteredtreaties.

~9 Nguyen Quoc Dinh, Daillier and Pellet, Droit international public, S'hed., Paris, 1994. p.163.
9o Gabcikovo·Nagymaros Project (Hungary/Siovakia) Judgment 25 September 1997.

3931.23 A succinct but authoritative account of the practice of the Pennanent Court is to
be·found in Lord McNair's Law of Treqties, published in 1961. The relevant
.passages are as follows: - -'.

'(a) When both parties to a treaty or engagement falling within
the scope of Article 18 were members of the League at the time of
its mtification, the opinion of the United Kingdom Government is

believed to have been that registmtion was a condition of its
validity, and that ·no tribunal, international or national, could
properly apply the obligations contained in it in the absence of

registmtion undertaken by the parties in Article 18 was not merely
a duty to one another- ifthat were ali it could validly be waived­
but a duty towards ail the other members of the League, and they
bad a directinterest in its fulfihnent. In view of the language of

Article 18 it is difficuto escape the view that non-registration was
a fatal defect and affected the essential validity of the treaty; and
that, members of the League having for the period of their

membership attached this condition to their ability to enter into
bindihg international engagement with other members, the
engagement remained incomplete until that condition was satisfied.

'Nevert:heless, in its judgment in the Mavrommatis Palestine
Concessions case delivered on 30 August 1924, the Permanent
Court ofInternational Justice treated as beingin force the Treaty of
Lausanne and a certain Protocol (No. XII) accoinpanying it,

although these instruments were not registered in pursuance of
Article 18 of the Covenant of the I,.eague until six days later,
namely 5 September 1924. Both parties to the Iitigation, Great

Britain and Greece, were parties to the instruments and members of
the League, though Thrkey, the former sovereign of Palestine, was
not a member of the League nor a party in the litigation. The court
in itsjudgn).entdid not refer to the questionof registiation but said:

Since the Treaty DOW in force and Protoxnl bas
become applicable as regards Great Britain and
Greece, ît is notcessarytoconsider whatthelegal
position would bave been if the Treaty bad not been
ratified at the time of the Court's judgment.

'(b) When one of the parties was not a member of the League,

could it, and could the other party, invoke Article 18 in order to
invalidate on the ground of non-registmtion an otherwise valid
treaty? A negative answer to these questions might have been
supported, in reply to the League member invoking the article, by

the arguments (i) that it cannot take advantage of its own wrong,
(ii) that the Covenant is resimer aliosacta so far as concems the
non-member, and (illthat non-registmtion within a reasonable time

produces a breach of :Covenant but does not touch the validityof
the treaty. In reply tothe non-member invoking the article bath (ü)
and (iü) are pertinent. There is not much tobe said for the view

40· that, the Càvenant being a public document, a iton-member bad

notice of its contents and could not hold a member to a treaty in
r regardto which there exists a defect which is fatal to the creation
of a valid international obligation.

'Two decisions may be mentioned. ln the Permanent
· Courfs Advisory Opinion on the Polish Postal Service in
Danzig there was much discussion of a certain Warsaw
Agreement between Poland and the Free City of Danzig of

5 May 1931, which bad not been registered; Poland was a
member of the League, the Free City of Danzig was not.
The court did not hesitateto rely on theWarsaw Agreement

and did not discuss the effectof oon-tegistration.

'In the PabloNajera case in 1928 before a Franco-Mexican
Mixed Claims Commission, the Mexican Government

cballenged the -bioding fo:rΠof a Convention of 25
September 1924 establishing that Commission, on the
ground that France, as a niember of the League of Nations
(Mexico not theo being a rnember), bad failedso far in ber

duty to register the Convention under Article 18 of the
Covenant, though it wasregistered before the President of
the Commission (VeiZijl) delivered his Opinion; basing
himself mainly on the factsthat Mexico was.not a member

of the League, and that the Commission was independent of
the League, be declined to uphold the Mexican objection to
the binding force of the Convention.'1

31.24 A similar accountîs given by Clive Parry in Sorensen's Manual. In Parry's own
words:

'Though Article 20 of the Covenant did not in tenns declare

inconsistent later treaties to void, Article 18 did provide that 'no
... treatyr international engagement' of a member of the League
should 'be binding (obligatoire) until ... registered' with the
Secretariat. During the lifeof the League the question of what

classes of engagements came within the scope of this rule was much
discussed, with the result that in practice such typesf agreements
as :financialand local arrangements were considered to be excluded,
but the question of the effect of non-registration was 1ess fully

explored. Having regard to the language of the Article,it is, in
truth 'difficuto escape the view that non-registration was a fatal
defect and affected the essential validity of the treaty; and that,
·1 members of the League having for the period of their membership
'
attached this condition to their ability to enter into binding
·international engagements with other members, the engagement
remained incomplete until tbat condition was satisfied' (McNair,

~~ McNair, TheLaw ofTretllÎes, Oxford, 1961, pp.1834; footnotes omitted.

41 op.cit., p.l83). And in this connection it is materito observe that

Article 18 wasconsidered by the League Secretariat to requ~ the
registration of treaties with non-members no less than members
(MemoiaJidum approved by the Council on 19 May 1920, para. 12,

9 LNIS, g). But in both the MavrommatisPalestineConcession
Case (1924}, (PCD Ser. A, No. 2) and the Poüsh Postal Servicein
Danzig Case (1925), (PCIJ Ser. B, No. 11), the PCD regarded as
being in force treaties which bad not in fact been registered. ' .

31.25 This tolerant attitude on the part of the Permanent Court is the more rem:arkable
in light of the fact that Article 18 prescribes that unregistered instruments were not
binding. .

(e) The Releyance of Considerations of Good Faith and Stabilityin the Circumstances
of the Present Case

31.26 In the present case considerations of good faith and stability of dealing strongly
militatein favour of the validityof the transactions of 1984 and 1985.

31.27 Of particular significanceis the fact that during the proceedings of the Joint Team
of Technical Experts, and more recently, the Govemment of Namibia bas placed
reliance qpon the Joint Survey Report..

31.28 The Govemment of Namibia has adopted the Joint Survey Report and it is, as
matter of good faith,now opposable to Namibia. The detailsof Namibian reliance
are set forth in the Transcript : CR 99/6, pp.31-2; CR 99/13, p.59. As

Guggenheim haspointed out, an invalid treaty may acquire a form of recognition
independent of the original conventional basis, for example, on the basis of
custom: See Guggenheim, Recueil des Cours, Vol. 74 (1949, 1}, p.218. This
reasoning must apply also to recognition by the other party to the proceedings of

the validity of the instrument concemed. Altematively, it may be said that the
carrying out of the Joint Survey in pursuance of the intergovemmental Agreement
concluded in Pretoria in 1984, executed that agreement and confinned that the
international boundary was located in the northem channel as provided by Article

rn of the 1890 Anglo-German Agreement.

31.29 The intergovemmental Agreement concluded at Pretoria .in 1984. constitutes, at
the least, evidence of the conjoint conduct of the Parties (and their successors) to
the Anglo-German Agreement, and the Joint Survey Report also fonns a part of

that subsequent and conjoint conduct. '

IV The Approach adopted by the Court

31.30 The pleadings in the present case began with the Order of theCourt dated24 June
1996. The issue of the application of Article 102 of the Charter wasnot raised

92 Sorensen (edManual ofPubliclmernational Law, London, 1968, pp.208-9.

42 until5 March 1999 and theo in the form of a question which wasnot presented on

.behalf of the Court as a who1e.

31.31 In these circumstances, and more especially when the P.uties have not raised the
issue, it is sutprising to the Governmeof Botswana tohave an issueof this kind

introduced at such alate stage. With aildue respect,ifthe overall applicatioof
Article 102 istobe ensured, and ü its application is ntobe invoked in a manner
affecting one Party exclusively, the Court should adopt the practice of
raising the issue of registratio1m!t ÇQW1 at the dateof the first exchange of

written pleadings. · It is inequitable for Botswana to be confronted with this
issue at such a late stage, and this the more soin light of the fact that the
Special Agreement (on which these proceedings are based) bas not been registered.

V Final Submissions on behalf of the Government of Botswana

31.32 In conclusion, the Govemment of Botswana presents the following subrnissions.

First: the Pretoria Agreement was an informai agreement which, inthe opinion
of the Government of Botswana, did not qualüy for registration in accordanwith

Article 102 ofthe Charter.

Second: even if Article 102 were applicable, the Pretoria Agreement remains
binding upon the Parties.

.Third: the validity of the Joint Survey Report bas, in any case, been recognised
by the other party to the present proceedings.

Fourth: furthennore, the Pretoria Agreement and the Joint Survey Report
constitute the subsequent conduct of the Parties (and their successors) to the
Anglo-German Agreement.

Fifth: whatever the statusof the Pretoria Agreement of 1984, the significance of
the Joint Survey Report as expert opinion evidence remains.

. . ~~·

,.\b~d~2t~h~~ïThf~·
Agent for the Republic of Botswana
J
1 6 Aprill999

43

j:
1 ----------~- --~-~~-
'\

' ' ' ztitf~rift
·fûr 1ofotiafJfitill. renaftt&t unb-1tofo1fwirfc$aft.

'&{ot)em6er 1909. Xl. !Ja~tgang.
=r-

3Jie fcl]if~ faSraf~eernJl rnaôen; eeutrd?en.
gtorottien.

T-icfrid)firâ~uner·i!f iriirasnter groâcn 8dyruierigfcitei1
mogli·gemefcnbt:'joninfolgbeW~?onge:Ieiftun glfffri•~iger

• mitte:L 9)i~Dlan f}nberteltnb f}iaumrgroâen 5tOlldf}eutc
nod) i:f~1Itu @rnliiflungi,fi bodJeine in allen amtlid}en bcutid}en
Trn!f~ri (tteueberfef}re~lag e,&d unmoglid)fei, bie @inge•
boreneolteinem über if}re l\ebürfniffe l)inausga~beron~»lnbau

lafl eei~bei bem IDlangelan aum bIDlafien•:t reineerott
!Berfe{ )irWbmamtoii)litenfetlen.· .
~-u rrl.),flimatiufromerf}âlt.eeinflunt, fiitflftilri
fei~al)r~Unb bruenbete2aften·5t.rar füs~trgbrngt~tel

fôrbe·mngsfoftenbertragenl>eIDlarfengiitunfercl\efiQnngen
eine bauet·nbeltlüte ternCirbringenfonnen. nid)t geeignet.
~rn9èorbebe idtoaraen Œrbteile5finben Srragcties:!inicerffer
ho.stame[, im -®"-)d)fentuagen merroenlnmg: 3toifbèibeil_fen .

('Jebiaieffidburd)·bie ganac18reitebesŒrbteiles~trnfen;
in bern Iebigiid}ber ber s:!aftenbeforberungbicnfttbitb.mad)t
'.togou~ameru in.enen beibenSt:ragtierenur in ben ni:irblid)ftensteilen
~ernien fnue,gforoie~entiŒJ·C liteafinirfafl bièie~

.Btreifcn:?. l'miege2eiftung~fé beesigfenitt;lotf itittels.
ergi ff)au$bcmUmftanbboaein 5trëiger l)od}~hmbsam 5tagc
nur 1;5,'f)is0 stllometer tt'leittragt. b,ie,mie s:!ang'f)olaer.

obe:~laf d))ibsouf $artibonbi:ld)f80 mfunb QScmid)taerlegt
roèrbenfonnt!n,fi:innengarnid)t oher mtr mit grohtiran~·)lnierigfeiten
~ort oeren. !IJlonfann·im aiigemein.enred}Striiger•strans•
~ot·ür jebe5t.ag~m antfr)ungbonber stüfte, sto~pel~entner

~m-l:J oberf.roraaecm 8 nnarf, hie solfum 80 IDlatf, bell
)!'om\enfilometcralio um 4-6 Wl:atfberteuert.
~~u eis'Qeri~eriud a)e,eueber St.rëiger,hie roeebua~ens

Ieiftungsf iâQrreeftetn au laf1en, finb in erftet 2inie an bem
mor~anb berbe tirettenbenZietfe gefclud)eineati~gebe~nte
mer,,enbungbon€elbftfabrern bürfte Poierffeieinmal tuegeri
~e ;offnid)t Ieid)tenJaefd)il~enaiunb berCSdJmierigftle•

par1,·nrorbeiten·ausaatvei-t-m.~iit ouflbe t)o6en ~often,
·' 52
1
1
Î
~ ·.i
•

- 803 -

bem Umftanb, bah ei~aml: Jfternem S:d)lep.pffom Œnb"unft ber
2·dffa!)rbi~ ~ur süiic80 5ons in eineinl)alb Stagen beforbetn "fuü.rhe,

miil}rcf)eutlJicrôu 10striigcr etma eineinl)alb '®od)tn braud)en. m!-èirc.
('lt'iinid)enê-n.n illtJafiaiccau errcicf)ene~nut·non hem tneft·
licf)JtcnŒnbltunft ber Zcf)ijfbarlrit bic in ber S,!ufi50.~inulo·tron

tm•tcrlouge Strede bi!-aum ®ee au iiberbrüden. .
X·ieübrigen aBafierobern:teutid)·!:'itofrijoguttniegor feine
~rl)eut fr ben {tcrf eaircnur ouf furae êtrcden an ber ID'liinbung

id:llffhar;t1.ber~inga bii.aur ID'lafiffi·,ljo ber €lieUe,b('r
ilioon;:DaresiafamnadJbcm:jnncfii~r ifcneabn befilnhjcf)neibct,
2. be~ami, beffefaarre cffiir flad;lgefejaf)raeugefcf.pfiierrn
ift, bi5 l)odSu ben !lnangi.bi·i},eten facfcitigung ®.ptet1Ql111J1

unmogiid) ift. l>as Wnlegenbon Umge"Qungsbalnber R"BeglDiirein
• biejemijaUanfoitf+tiefig,tueii.berm.\amito~ürnbaeee92anfcsbocf1
nurcine1ocnigIeiitungsfiil)ige93erfe"Qrsftrahaebgeben fonnte,8. ber Wongani,

i:lef~alben natürlid)unb bequem f8tgang bon be~üft aum .Mii·
manbiàJorobilbd,·ift2bSi'ilomet.ntertar& ber ein abfo~inbernis
für hie€5d)iffal)rtbilbenbenIDlargareenter günftigf93er~ültniffen

jd)iffbar. SNeInngege"Qet;offnnngenaber, ben t;Iut aud) jenfeits biefes
,f>inherniffesols 1lerfe"(benuten au fonneu,.(Jabenfitf)ais trügerifd)
erroiefen. SOie,9)eutfdje!tolonioi·Œifen•nb)~etriebS·®efellfd)aft",

taiein ben Jev~al)r bnnoberen~anga nriunben lies, fd)reibt: ,.Sas
i'licZd)iffbarfeit bei obcren qJangani bctrifft,~on unâlau(fr·!
fnnbungs,;roeden i~a"Qr 1e05 ausgefanbten CfJpebitioaun feinem
\JÎinfhgŒr{lebngefiil)rSNei}abraeuge,mitueld}enhie Œdunbunaus·

gefüf;lrtrourbe, Iiefenouf, fd)eitertenunb ging~-eCerf;~ebitions·
leiter geroobieüberaeugung, baber obere~anga nii}t fd.liffbar au
mac!Jenfei in bem·einne, bah er ais einigermaèen fid)ere!Betfel;lrsftraae
bienen fonnte." :türr~-eutfd).,C fo-Dtifftg€fambefiberübrt in
• ..
teinem Cberlauf aud) :Deutfd)•:Eübroeftaftifa,ol)ne bieiem aUerbing5_erl}eb·
lidJ9~ut; bringen3U fonnen.i8eiben ungünftigen !BerfefJriberl).iltniHen
inbieier stolonie m~erEtrom in nod) bi:iberemIDlaüetnie~eutfdJ·

~1tafr gefanet für ben iiitlicf)en:I:'eutfd)·~üh hie fte·frifa~
binbungêftranad)bcm ID1eerubif.bcaber bem ®ambeft·Jeblt ouf meiten
Ztreden jebe[floglid)feitber .Ed)mon.Seefornmenhtuirb fieoberi)alb

;tete burd) bie über 80 engl. IDleilenlangen Stebrabafia·ûèille,f·emer ienfe.ti
.Sumbounb ober"Qber Qiroat)•!JRünbi&jenfeits hfl.tiftor .ei~!;lUe.S· .
~aaungu ultrbrod)en. :tiej(e~te mrbd!nitt madlt eèaud) ·unmogli!:q,

l'lcngerabean benCJrenaen.ber,q.oloniefd}iffbaau~~unüm .m~ein, ;·,.
norbli~anfi be:ne:tront icf)neibenbeiifenbal.m au etrei1nulenŒru,.~
fonnte bonn entfifl)en, menn bie engliftfle !loionial·9legierung "i.m·eigenen·
~ntrr eife!Serbin.bung§.baur Umge[)ungbd nid}t fd)iffbaren'X.eiles

· bauen roürbe. 9Jonbiefem fabrba1·enWbjdmitt·aber nermag nermittels be! · 804

an fe~t·llnti ihliina)m.orbgin fd)iffSl::fd)obe·.n-uonbl"l

ber·~b anQfS~~bÜitboen ben auberften morb~olonieet
~rid• t...~no)•tnbit:Jnortug ~oeOt...nrnd) IOften
.auau~~a•+!_~!BDa~i:li:lamitbet Oltbafmee~ergeftellt
me~beS.i~o~nifnod) nid)t gebaut~of)bürften IJerge{Jen,

fris fiebie angegebenem:taiunbaud.!toenn Meier t}all ein.._
getreiel'!ift,~d)ifia(renem iel)r fleinen Zeil ber !toionie
nü,en! bol)jiüberl)nuptnur ortlid)e ~ie@;djiffbarfeit

b~3Iufibegi~nereiuffuraer @:ntfer.b.QueU~mbbleibt
troe t?~rümmu!Jgeedeber ®d}if{Jinb~dibbjiaufeiner
IDiü!'~ftngl}en.einai~inbernfrbie Sd)iffal)rt 1Vid1burd)

ni®dJne bll~e~bomni),meit bom .Suiammeni)Iu n~fet~
hemê~n_t eble,a_bbi~i~inber finur~âl)r er~roden•
aegefêi nbli~neejonbereRofien unb Wrbeiten ~icbefeitigen./f
. ' . ;
·' ~~!.ober~Salngul~im \-ombefiliegenben 9nambobo·®d}ne1lenf)abt!n
! lDenig-!B..eutungunb ff.~neuerbigerau~ge~fttbudf
.1 ei!len ID'l:ünbes 5tfd)obeumganben.~as[Jier in.·fjragc
fommenbmebieffür ben2lnbaubon9iei5,!8aunuooneufm. fotoicaur !Bi('.b­

au41au~fid ubtmnntertdb)~.affer betgrôsie~ ent•
,. feljr aus IDlongelan Wnfd)Iuuliniennid)t bifibod)onnen, fo bieten
a~ber bfnBirilboisb~en,f il)nen tJer'finesi)e~lb:"slf·
b~~ ~t net~·etif~erleftO~nte.. ·· · ·· ·.
. .
fther bie anberen !1\afferabernS)eutfcid)icf:lneUfrifas ·fann

l)intoeg·ffônnen niemal~erlmbintbar gemaà)t roerben,oui'"
genommentiiefieid}t,aber aud) nuID1anbele~nge, berm
bi"iu~a(1 8r8bon bi)irma Or~e®"nitf)ge!)mit!lul>ftr
.. au ber'.jtlonbasmine b{iutrangen 18ooten oroeftlidJen

•<Mreunf~ {J§.ti-3efi,tumsgroue{}Iufbtsaur ·nnün.bititg
. "befa'murbseu·biefer .Seit fd)eint.bie m1offermengetm"ijluh" abge•
nommen·au f)abe~rouR.fJootItine &ugnüiun~afferftrohl'

nur in fetr flefID1asefür mëglicf). .,m.\enne§ aud) moglidf fein
mürbe, ben·oJ:ange-3Iu8 in feinem ganaenUnteriauf burd) !lanalifierung für
:, · BalJraeugemittlefd)if0bar u macf)en,fo mürben bie §often ber er•
' forherlid)enStauftufen bofein, bah boran oud)in .Sufunft tuol)l
.,
'1. ·faum ei:.Dirbgebod)troerbenfonnen. lfinabe! ijluff~Streden
,j linftei:lidjfüE:-Me!.Booteaur-eIie&fiil}re ~berd)b
·einfieifetungsbauten '-· nnmeniIid) burd) i\Jenitigung einaelnet

·- nor)efeRi)ergto fibeBet~f(ut, ftOUtbei mel)rfacf)em
·umlaben,·etltiafüt ben.;ttan!l>obenüvroerbenfonnte."

j -, • ...• ~,~·t~'..r....~•ùel,uit •bi~·e ri •n,~-da)nnÙfe
i ~nq~ft.ü~u ~:be!;n~r.oe~~~rfunnbenntfon~ortugte.fifd)e
}~n~~ ~JJr.~~:«:-:~rUt9teunb;f~ .l}{t~)~uolbon
1

;·1
1. 1
';,: ··~~·'

·2 .J'.'1 )L._ c.1~
..

··· ·fL-~ -. ~7 ~- ~S?

-r-:--
1 .,'1'
-

n z u r ...',.,lo·

. a.PrlVlZ:p!t-?

D :.:UTSCH-SU .n..WEST-AER IKAS.

:rre-er'rikaJ.li scht~e..gebieb erei'i·Deutsch-Ba.rsela!.~dnn~i:

Ji~ Zro~i.i.";.der Kap-Ka.i -R<4~n~1achaeu vn·tcr in.-ïias:ellen .....,.

n~r~tc.::-r :a.:t'l!~id-:newt~ckr:J.ei Ree~ Zl1ll1t.~r-

3:.·..: ~rc7.nnen mir di~ 3t.ror,!,{ebid-:sSa.::be,'..!nd L.i:1:;an~::
rc~-:c~'r:::.:l:ineh)u.~b~rdi~3-::schit. d"slle:t:-~:.t~i~e!l
-~: ::i~:ndr~.tcS1e·dafrika.i-îlSeloas ei.:tf;ehe-n~rk;ultlL'{lt~!.'·PH"!.
o~s~.a ie;~;;~~:-hJas H~z.'ahc resnTschot:e-S11np.::·:•o;:• •c!~.-er

l::"~i.:;::,;"~l
.l
..
'l, "lor..l'-'a ts"i=.'!.Sm.'r.o-t.nlund ù'!.son~ti~t~A.
jedo::.r.l' v~rli.e.~Tç:i:!.a Annl-:"Jli)lrlr.~~,1':-nit. d!':i.:!en­
·~a! n..h :J:!".'Tktoia-•::a.ss ~urzu·risl-:n.

~:..:!eu­

::.1..:!~.
::;.;.:..egi!w
2.11e..:}~-

Einer .He.fa.'n r.n,~al~~,h~·;,;-~~n•;:.l!·~. :osl~~tel.~~e~l.

sic~..·.1·r b"t l .
.... ~re:s..0 Ki.Lo.1:' .'~t.~drrns~ll: :nube!""'''i:..re F'L":.::!er
in · ...
•1-e.iv i.ngs teil~!""ot: 1.s~ee:tg.::r, ~c èa.ss

142
ï.,..... ••!~'....t ~..·.~:../~ ··,~:t.-: ....:-..--
:~.,- 'cb.·get;Wungen wurde; :Sôote "and.'Aust"tlestung bins.ch Ka.zun

am.Anf'a.nge' desdeutschen "Gebiates ·ge1egen, t'ranportieren zu

c~_,_~'L!- -:-.........
~~·

~~( ··:· ..-·:.--;'"n.i.a·l:otiv in;r -r~'el~Ïè-.-~~e-ùi ·de··Wahrnehmwlg
- -' /
;U: e~. d;.·ijv ~e-r twu-èèif lteu~q -~sï G esihr.ëtsPrfstekteénd.e'r
·!-::.-·

---- ·:-·-:.::-:1!1éiDrnterstliettè ~mid" ii.i·-.!Bdààirsliezi werke

mid.:·:-m·.-veriâ.ges xaioD.i~--:wir KOémiteëhé.._terinlië:b.eu.

.."""---.~=--un~:··~. ~·.~.:t::...:. ··. .- - . • ~ .. . . · .
· erscliienena···"KW1ene:'und·'~.m~·-.~.. ..b:s'Er:xepeedi tauo-n-~

sëhuJc.,.Bèr-éitungarioberen X:uandô. (Tschobe), tind beechloss ich

d~er -,~-ers dtse GelegeDh.eit --..l.brzunebmen und den Tscho'be

zu bereiaen.

In Ka.zungula :)Jlgelangt, musste ich leider erf'a.hreu,dass

10 I•••ollo-.. :brk'l.• desselben• sich wiederu:rngro,essere Strom-

scb.r..ellenb e:f'anden, .die beni ederem Wa.sserstande zu pass ier en1
- :~ _. - c.

unm.eg-..~. .·ar. In~olgede.sen wurden die Boote bis ueber die

· die Strom~c~el lrenportiert und da.nn zn Wa.sser gebra.cht.

An den v. w. F •. hte 1ch die :Seke.nntscha..fteines

-neutschen, von :aeruf Zoologe , gemacht, welcher fuer die lluseen

zu-Bu1a.w~ u_o Sal.isbury a.ls Praepa.rator taetig wa.r und eben­
--.~.

falls ~e-~~-~ic denti a.pivzifel zu bereisen 1um.die Fa.uua

:.;;: zu studieren Und ~saœmeln 1 ·ein Umstand, der mich sehr interes~
._,-:.·!:·:..-4~~:.·~~~...
:-:~~:::-p unsee ègem.enst4eft1cheUnd Reise vere.nla.sst•
.~;:J~~ r&J...: . • .

·:/-;;·:. :\~ folt.m1achten Segelu legtan wir 'bei gutem: 'Winde
.-~.;:;t:.~.:·~ ·-·~......·.-... . -~------- ------

ich:~d ~~ KilometerzurueCk und be:t"anden uns bere

·-4lageJLo~ge m.~ner.war rtt- Ziele. unsereReise.
Il
'·;~~ T&s~~*h-~-beer-t~t~ea_e. _(~b~eingesetztund mit· Hil.te
·~~~~:.' .

go~~a!~n~se~e.it~ _et~k,:peieeilfdr~..Eingeborenen,-
·.' .
-e~~s:p .dera~~"geugieuebre das venregenEindringenunsere_r-
...,._..,...,

·-seit_die in· deSe~bsterh~tungstrieb.-w moeze~ictest

v_·i~~l:'.:•B'a m.ukuro•(reicheBaas) nach ihreBegri:f':fen

herauszuschlag,ndenn eineso grossestore wie ich.mitfUenrte,

sie~nochnichtam P~atzegeha.bt.

Eei unsereAnkunft in Xgoma.war ein grosTeil der

Barotsesdamitbeschaef'tig•Kartotf'ezu schneiden•Anf

ihrenKanus das versumpfWasser befahrendbrachtensie ea

t'ertiggeschic ~shen d!.., in aFarben schillernden

..,,<,JWaa-errosedurchzus~hlitt dbrn,~sig beschae!tigtaie
1 '',i

Wurzeln derselbeniare"ArtK~:ffeln•, abzuscbneideund

autzus~ies serei ~iefer been auch die guetiXatur

dasPleischin den zeitweilimit aufgespiessteFischendie

aut dem.-Grunim Schlamme besondevie~vorhandensind.

Sie bot en mir ih"llgomsca.:tr• .Essen an; a.ber

ich ziaae.mdbei WeiteΠdie trockenOintjesder Hereros

imDàma.ra1ande vowelche von a.ebnliahe,m Gescbm.a.cke wie die

"ligomXa.rtof!e dcn~weitgeniessbarersin.~s diese.

114---------
...:.-
••1
•

Ovambos im portugiesis_chen }ebiet an der deutsch-suedwes -

afrikanischen Grenze, die Kuangaris •

..
Der in das Bereich tin er Bahn gczogen-e. schiffb~e obere

Tschobe ·(Kuando) wuerde eine vornehmlicho Stuetze des Handelsvox-

k ehrs s&in und die •rodukte ·_.....$..,.al-!i.S (vornebmlich Kaut-

schuk) ww eàùa den Weg a.nstatt uebar Lobi to-:Bay durch Damara-

-.. land nehmen. Wuerde ausserdem die Herstellung •ines Kanals

~~~~bes~J bowerkstelligt, was bei der heutigen

Technik wenig Schwierigkeiten bei geringen Kosten verursachen

.' '
wuerde, da noch oin scbmaler Wasscrlauf -~es frueheren Fluss­
,~--~~.
bette·;·"s o ew_uerdtè dittst,dia Erachl.iess;mg ·-eines Strom-

gebiotes von uober 800Klm. bedeuten und obendrein noch die
'.
Trockcnlegring des Sumpfes verwirkli c ~rten, was gesundhoit-

lich wiederum den Vorteil einer ~esiedelun durch Weisse ge­

stattet•·//.AJ.lerdings wuerde die :Balm.auch minderwertiges Gebiet

durchqucren in d~ zwischen d.m Kuando und Okovango gelegenen

Lande, wolches dio noerd1ichen Ausla.eufer der Kal..ahariwuestc

darstellt •

r11 Zu al.lerletzt moechte ich ~ hierbei noch die Kupfor-
J•!1

ftlder erwaehnen. ·

., Der Caprivizipfel hat wob2 ungefaehr eine 2 Ma1 groes-

sere Ausder~ung ~s die Landkarten ergeben. Nimmt es doch'.

DER

CAPRIVIZIPfEL

VON

HAUPTMANN STREITWOLF
KAISERLICHER RESIDENt DES CAPRIVlZIPFELS

MIT

38 ABBILDUNGEN UND 5 KARTEN

..1 WILHELM SÛSSEROTT
HOFBUCHVON MECKLENBURG·SCHWERIN.HERZOGS

BERLIN W. 30.
' 19H.
j . q-·
c)-vt:-x··- .~~:/-~'i~~~
-·-· .,. ------~---- •

r r..
~
- 57

Dieses warcn ia nette Aussichten,aber es blelt unsnicht
ab, am 27. Januar, also ·am Kaisers-Oeburtstage. frohen
Mutes die deutschflagge zu hisseund vom Lande Besltz
. zu·ergrelfen. Mne bewaffneteMacht tratan, und nach
elner kurzenAnsprache stiegdie Plagge aneinem provt.
sorischeMast flatternhoch.

Ich benutzte die Tage der Ruhezu einer Erkundung
6. Kapltel. den Linyantl stromab.//Am Morgen des 27. Januar fichr
mitelnem Boote,dasichauf M.'sWerft erhielt. den Linynntl
Deu UnyantJ stromabbfs zum ZambesJzusammeanuo. stromab.Pfeilschncll schdas lange,schmaleKanoedohin.
Errlchtung elner Station amZambesl,Sesbeke rerenüber; Jedoch wlrkte dieanfilnglichübschefahrt baldsehr er­
ln Ngoma konnte ich endlichmeinenLeutendie wohl­ mOdend;die den fluB umsiiurnendenRletwande gestatten
selten einen Blick ilbcdie fl<~ elnUen,e Landschaf•t.
verdiente Ruhe geben. Wie berelterwAbnt,wohnte hier Nur wenn der FluBganz au denSfeilabfalldes Betschuana­
ein :EngUI.nder .dessen Renommeedurcb die englischen landes herandrückte, war die Szenerie abwechslungsrcicher,/1
BehO rdensogar bisWlndhukgedrungen war. Unteranderem bisdiehOher kommende undheutc ausnahmsweise malsfd'i
wurde ibm sogar vorgeworfen,einenWel8en ermordet zu Jange zeigende brennende Sonne den Jetzten Relz
haben. und ich war daher auf Mr.M. rechtgespannt.Auf der Bootfahrt nahm. //Hierzu kam noch. daO der
selner Werfth6rte lch nun manchesüberLand undLente: Llnyantlganz enorme Bog-en machte. Er drehte slch
die Marotse hAttenvor zwel Jahren,wie.es hleB,.daB die mehrere Male ganz zurDck nach Westen und wir
. Deutschenkfimen.alles eha usdemLandegenommen und. mu8ten daher eln grofJesStOck der gewonnenen ôst­
die melsten Werften mit Oewaltgezwungen,unserLand zu lichen Richtung wieder zurückfahren. Mit nur ein­
riumen./J Viele der Bewohner (Masubla)wlren vor ~ stUndiger Mittagsrasfuhren wir bis zutn Abend und ~
Marotse geflohen undhAtten-~J am h!g.c !_JlncY~.ç~I~~J!IJ!lL lagerten amsüdJichenUfer1/Die Nacht war schauderhaft.:
lm Betschuanaland angesiedelt._._SQ._elltJ.~~!_ç~~-.§lç}I,_.!!~J!L Es regnete. Iwar ohne Zeft unddurchund durch nan. san
unserm Oeblet kelne Werft mehrsaB.sondern alle aSod.. lch diganze Nachtam feuer und dachtean dieKameraden
Ûfer des Llnrantl.// Die Masublawerfte, ie mit Oewalt dahelm,die heute an l(alsers-Geburtstahoffentlicver- ·
fortgeholtwftren,w1lren von den Marotse am n6rdllchen gnügterden Ta~ feiertenQAm nltchstenMorgen ging es
Zambesiuferangesiedelt. Nur wenlgewltrennoch hierge. weiter. DerfluB, der stetbisauf eine kleine felsigeStelle
bliebenund dlesehAtten slch nahc am Zambesl anbauen 2-3 m Tiefe zeigte. verbreitersich zusehends,auch das
mOssen, um bel Ankunft der Deutschensofort aufdas an­ deutscheUferfingan sich zubewalden und idylllschschlSn

dere, engUscheUfer z1ehenzu kônnen. Dann hAttendie ginges dahin auf der glatten WasserfUtche,dbelderseits
Marotse die unglaubllchsteOerüchteüber die Deutschen von hohem Wald. nus dem oft eine zierllcPalme ragtc.
verbreitetfs klime ein deutscheCapitalnmit 70 Hotten­ umgeben war. Viel.OenuBhatten wlr aUerding·nlchtda­
totten. Die Deutschen machtennor Krleg.siewUrden alle randa dieMorgensonne baldverschwand und wlederRegen
.Mlnner totschlàgenund Welber und Vieh fOrslch nehmen. elnsetzte. Oegen9 Ubr kamen wir an·Schnellen.deren
So klme es.daO Jch dasLand ohne VJeh und fastohne Rausdlen uns schon von weUementgegenschallte. Hier
Menschenantrlfe.u muBtelch ausstelgen,um zuFuB an den Schnellenstromab

...... -
>
.·' !~•.;· _· ..
.~l{t~'
)'2

-58

zù geben, wabrend die J::ingeborenendall<~ durohedie
c~ .00 rn Ia~g Secnnellenbracbten, eine.,.)übeidie ca.
eme Stunde m An_spruch nahm. JjIch arbeitete mich durch
hohes Gras, .f'elsblockund durclÎ kleinSeitenarme strom­
ab, wobei ich ·biszu den Scbultem durch. Wasser kam.

Dann wartete ich unterhalb der Schnellen anf das Kanoe
·und batte Zeit,mich über die hieganz herrlicheLandschaft
ZQ freuen.
.. Ein steilesfelsenrifftritvom hohen Betschuanaland­
ufernahe an den f'JuB heran.und gebt durch den f'luB der
sich über ein OeWirrvon Blocken ergieBtund zahlr be­ich~
waJdete Inseln bildetAn zwei Stellen faUtder PluB. wobl
c~ l.rn, wahrend der ganze Fall wohl 3 m betrigt. Auf
dem südlichen Ufer steigt der Fels zum Teil steU aus dem
rlusseund das ganze Bildwird eingerahmt durcb herrliche
Waldvegetation.

' Es ist wirkJichscbon, art den Schnellen des Linyanti zu
sit,zeund sich·an dieser malerischen Szenerie zu erfreuen,
docb dari es nicht regnen und m~ muB trockene Kleider
anhaben. Icb war daher frob, wie endlich die :Eingeborenen
mit dem Boote kamen und wir weiterfubren. //Unterhalb
der Schneiien verbreitersich derfluB anf-ca. 250m. Beide
Ufer waren bestanden mi.t schonem Walde, das deutscbe
Ufer sehr überhoht von dem englisch enir~naberten uns
nun dem :Einfludes Linyanti inden Zambesi. IHier sollte
das Betschuanaland-Protectorat eine kleine Station unter
de~ Ca pt.Eason errichtet haben und da ich nun einmal so
weit war, so woJite ich Herm Eason gleicb einen Besuch
machen. Wie wir weiter den UnYanti· dahinfuhrellt sah ich

zu,r Rechten plëtzlich eine Schneuse durch den Wald die
Hohe binaufgehen. Unten an der Scbneuse war ein J:rd­
hügel aufgeworfen und anf dem l!rdhügelstand eine FJ.asche.
Hier rnuBte eine Soldateska hausen!. Vergnügt .lieS ich
anlegen und kletterte den stefien Abbang binauf, wàre aber
fastvor Schreck in denrluB gefallen, wieich aufder Flasche
..Lime-yuice•' las. Die Aussicht, lime yuice (eiArt Saft} .
zu trinken zu erhaltenwirkte bei meinem frostklappemden
Z~stan derade nichtermunter nnd~zagbaft ging icb die
·,
!'
'}3.

61

seJben Niveau Jiegt, wie der FluBspiegel. finige Monate
spater traf ich sie total überschwemmt durch den steigenden
Zambesi, dessen Wasser natürlich auch den Linyanti hin·
aufdringen. Der Quelle gegenüber Jiegt auf deutschem Ge­
biet, also auf der lmpalira-Insel, eine Salzpfanne, die den
Marotse Salz Iieferte.
;: IlNachdem ich die Nacbt beifason, der michnach afrika-
.nischer Gastfreundlichkeit in der JiebenswürdigstenWeise
aufnahm, verbrachte batte. fuhr ich am nachsten Morgen

nach Ngoma zurück, das ich in llh Tagen erreichte. Durch
die enormen Windungen des f'lusseserhoht sich diein Luft ...
Hnie 53 km lange Strecke auf 75 km. An der ganzen f'luB·
strecke traf ich nur wenig Werften. Drei Werften lagen
ip der Nâbe von Ngoma, doch anf englischem Ufer./)
In Ngoma erwarteten mich mehrere WeiBe, die auf die
· Nachricht von meiner Ankunft hierher gekommen waren,
um mich um Erlaubnis zu bitten, in unserem Gebiete zu
bleiben. Auch der in Ngoma sitzende :Englânder M., der sich
übrîgens ais ein ganz friedfertiger, etwas scheuer Mann ent­
puppte, war gekommen und erzihlte, daB. Marotse, die
zwischen Zambesi und Linyanti geiagt hatten, auf die J(unde
von meiner Ankunft. sofort unser Oebiet geraumt und das
Jetzte Vieh, das noch in unserem· Oebiet war, mitgenommen
hatten. Übrigens waren alle sehr erstaunt und die Hândler
speziellsehr enttâuscht, daB ich mit so wenig Leuten ge-
. komrnen war. Die Nachricht, daB die Deutschen jetzt end­
lich gekommen waren, ging natürlich schnell durch das
ganze Land in fürchterlicb übertriebener Weise. Ein WeiBer~
der am Luyana ·-Linyanti ..ZusammenfluB in Portugiesisch
Angola einsam und verlassen saB, erzihlte mir spiter, ein
Eingeborener, der nach oben hin die Nacbricht von unserer
Ankunft gebracht habe, habe auf die Frage, wie viele ge ..
kommen seien, eine Handvoll Sand vom Bodèn genommen
und gesagt: Mehr als dieser Sand Kôrner hat. ·zahlen
konne man sie nicht!
Am "Nachmittag des 1..Februar zog ich weiter von
Ngoma nach Sesheke. J:s hieB für mich einen Platz ans­
.zuwahlen, wo ich ein.·Lager maeben res p. eine Station er- ••t'

94 -

DaOa1so die Marotsedie Besetzung des Caprivizip(el&
durch uns nicbtgerne saben, kann man ihnenwohl nach­
fühleu. Letia versuchte daher als gerissener schwarzer
Diplomatmôglichstvje( für sich herauszaschlaren und <ab
nur unrern und erst sehrspit zu,daO sein Vate.rauf das
·Oebiet verziclltet·batte.

Relse nacb Uvln,ptone. l!lnsetzung elnes Hliuptllncs.
Am 10. April .tratich die Reise nacb Livingstone an.
Meine "Saêhèu n·d die der Leute wurden in l(anoes ver­
Jaden,-ieinfolgedes hohen Wasserstandes direktbelmeiner
Hùtte Jagen; jedesBoot wurde mit fûnt~udere hen annt,
unddiekleinePlotlillesetzte sichin.Marschz ,uerstca. J ltm
durchüberschwemmtenBusch und Rieltdann inden otienen
Zambesi bei Sesheke vorbei,das bald onseren Blickenent­
schwunden war. Der Wasserstanddes Stromes war ietzt

der hôcbste. Der Strom brei1e1sichjedoch nicbt zurn See
ans,sonderndie SchUfsâume und BüscJ1eanden Ufern%eigen
einem stets,daB man aul dem FluD selbst ist.Rechls und
Jinksvan diesen Rietsâamen war alles überschwemml, und
~ nur selten tralen wir eine kleine trockene Stene, wo ein
; Landen m5glich war .
Den ganzen Vormiltar fuhren wir dabin. getrleben von
, der gewaiUren Stromung und· der Kraft der Ruderer.
# S'tromabgeht es sehr schnell:nach meinen Messungen lert
f man den km durchscbnittlicb in 5 Min. 5Sek. zurück, also
rundin6Min.In eioerStundemaclrtes JOkm,eineLeistong.
} die noch betrichtli<:h gesteigert werden kanwenn man ein
! gutes schlankes Boote und kràftige RudeTer aus.sucht.
1Auf dem Linyanti, dessen Strônmng reçbt gering ist legte
{ ich im Bo~l den km ln 8 Minuten zurilck.lj D.ie Strom­
geschwindigkeit des Zambesi i.stganz bedeutend, vor allem
an den Stellen. wo der FluB scbmaler ist. Co. S km unter­
halb Seshekeverengert sicb der Strom auf ca. !ZOrn; hier
tostedas.Wasser nur so hin.und -dik:Jeinenl(anoestanzten··
etwas reicblicb munter auf den WeJien. Mittags legten wir
· an der lnsel Nantunru àn, wo aul deutscher Seite ein kleines ' ~1
,! •i

- 223 -

mündet oberhalb der Mambowa-Schnellen; dei' andere Arm
mündet oberhalb der Linyanti-Schnellen in den LinyantL
IDurch diese beiden Arme is es môglich, aus dem Zamhesi
in den Linyanti zu komtrten, ohne die Schnellen passieren
zu · müssen. Man · bat daher von den Katimo - Molilo­
Schnellen bis·Sambala an der portugiesischen Orenze eine .
durchgehende WasserstraBe von ca. 400 km.// ·.

Der Ngoma-Kassaia und der Ndibi-Kassaia sind unter
sich wahrscheinlich noch durch den Bukusu .:J(assaia ver­
bunden.
Die Kassaias sind alte Zambesi-Arme. E>iehaben jetzt
mit dem Strome keine Vetbindung mehr, da der Strom ihre
Ausflüsse durch Sandablagerungen abgedâmmt hat. ~las
Aussehen des Kassaias wechselt. Kilometerlang ist er ein
offener, aber stagnierender fluB, dann wieder ein sumpfiges

Bett, ausgefülltvon Gras, Riet und Papyrus.
Am Ostende des· Zambesi - Überschwemmungsgebietes
zieht sich ein Rift durch die hier ca. 4 km breite Niederu.ng
und bildet sowohl am Linyanti,. wie im Zambesi Schnellen.
Das dadurch etwas gestaute Wasser der Strome hat das
Gebiet vor den Schnellen sehr angesumpft, und wir linden
hier ein groBes Riet- und Schilfrneer,durch das sich der
1\1ambowa-Mombo-Kassaia windet. Hi;nter dem Riffist die
lnsel lmpalira entstanden, die an der Wurzel ca. 2,5 km

breit sich bei 9 km .Lange, allmâhlich spitz zulaufend,
zwischen Zambesi und Linyanti dahinzieht.
Diese ôstlich des Waldes liegende offene Grassavanne
wird jedes Jahr vom Zambesl überschwemmt. Der Zambesi
fangt langsam an zn steigen im November. Ende der Regen­
zeit (Mârz) steigt er schnell, bis zu 15 cm tâglich, füllt die
vielen Grasbette und Schilfniederungen und verwandelt die
1• Kassaias in reiBende Strome, um schlieBlicb über die Ufer
1 zu gehen und das ganze Gebiet in einen graBen See zu
verwandel Nur~ wenige Stellen in diesem Gebiet bleiben
freivon Wasser; offene WasserfHicben von 7 km Lànge und

Breite, aus denen kein Schilf oder Gras hervorragt, sind
dann zu sehen und das·Kanoe bildet das einzige VerkehrS· ·
mittel. Oie Plut ergieJ3t sich über die ganze Grassavanne [rgebnisse

einer

Bereisungdes OebietszwischenOkawangoundSambesi

(Caprivi ..Zipfel) } . ,,V/,
1 ,.~- .. '

in den Jahren 1905 und 1906.

Von Franz Seiner.

ln haltsverzeichnis.

Selte i Dte nat1ll'lleben Lande ehafte n. Sete
Rri.l<etll'nch. . . • • :1' 1 1. Der Okawmgo . . 47
.t.~~c. . .ea.ht
3 1 a) Das Tal . . • . 47
G.olofbclle Ve.rhlllltnlPe. b) Du .Armellmd 5:J
Du G~ègesteÎ.Il 5 :. Das Bifurlwi~~~ .osgebiel 59
uoe Ded:scbi~htell
i a) Der HaignoŒ2. 6o
D.s Al1ueium • • 11 b) Das Selill.da-Sys1em 6s
K.hmatl•tbc Verhlllltniau.
l· Der E.~do . . 66
Beohac.hnmgell liber Nieèer,schlige, Wïnde, Tempera· a) Der :Mascbi. • • 67
t.rm. tiimati K~rb&e~~kh Weldldeen ustroctuung b) Der Liujanli . . 72
des l..arldes . • . . . . . . . . . • . • 12
·c) Da$ troel:engelegtLinjmti~ am iMeasaml-
T aapcraturn. ori.brend derTroekenzeit 11DCIder en;teD betl . . :;6,
ftflhlmpperiode I'}OS/19()6 •• . • • • 1i 4- Der Sainbe.si •
IIW'Uputlktbe.stimmungt:n und Hohenmusungen . 18 79
5· !>as Huk..-efeld ss
taMile: de:rSiedepankt~ .limmW~ge : ~ l:o 6. Das llafefeld .
B.ot~ni V.eaaet:dtele. . • • . . . :: 93
•) Der Rand 95
Uw cbanl:tn-pflanzender 1-'ormationen 2-4 b) Die Walds:eppe ec>n Kati~ &lolilo bis. Sikosi'98
1. T~kenwal<l • • • . . • • 24
2. :"iedernngsv;ald . • . . . . Die Eingebozenen . 99
Die Banln ... . 100
3. Bll$eb"lt'èe! D.ie1tiefU>Su de!!aui lieaŒia ~grun ,;od Die Beucbuanen .
4· Dié v.irklieben Wasaert-Bchse. • 10J
Die Buscbrninner . ..:103
J>o.nztll![eograpbisebBemerhnge11 Die Handelsver:blllnüsse
. Lli1\~~oupO .m ze. n. . . . .· . 10.) .
D;e Wauerverhlllltnlsse ...... . Lileratur •Veuelchnis . . •. 107
39
I.lie H~wasseJPedr esiokdawangol. 40 Erklkungm :m den Abbilduncen ·. • 107
Dir H.~eb-.nssup eeriK..anèoll Erlautenlll(en.zur Karte . . . .
. 109
Die Wassen-erbilmisse des Sambesi Begl eit ~e·:~~ Kr.ane. \'011 }'.Spr g ad e . no
Die Fliwe als Vertebrswege

AliuitllnDJL oLIl. Sdlwpbi"'"- XXII. B>Dd. .1. 1
.1
t
1
l

1
1
1
1
1 Zeit liegen keine Beobachtungen vor. Beachtens· reichen Kanalen ein, die jedoch meist nach kurzem
wert sind die }litteilungen der Eingeborenen ü~r Laufe in den Ger5Ilagem verschwinden; über letztere

Verinderungen des FJuBlaufes; so soll die nach muB das Boot in harter, oft stundenlanger Arbeit
Süden gerichtete Sc:hlinge des Sambesi Z\\iscben geschoben, gezogen und gehoben werden •. bis man
Katongo und Leschimba von Jabr zu Jabr durch unterhalb der Bank einen neuen, im Gerôlle nul:

Verlegung der FluBrinne, Inselbildungen und Ver­ tretenden Kanal, der in freies Fahrwasser filhrt, er­
stopfung von Kanalen durch Sandmassen ibre Lage reicht.In seltenen Fâllen gelingt es, einen Kana:
wechseln. AuOerdem macht sic:hmitten im Linianti­ aufzufinden, der durch die Bank fùhrt; das Gefiille

becken, unter anderern an der Südseite des Sa.mbesi des Kanals ist daon aber so stark, daB es der
gegenüber von Sescheke, zunehmende Verwaldung gr5Bten Aufmerksamkeit und gut geschulter Ruderer
die stellcn~ ·rt iseden letzten zehn Jabren ein­ bedarf, un1 das Boot vor dem Zerschellen oder t:nl­

setzte, bemerkbar. Von Interesse ist die Be!l]erkung schlagen zu bewahren. Zwiscb~ O!d-Li"\•ingstone·
Holubs aus dem Jabre 1886, daB die Regenlachen und den 1z km entfemten Victoria.fàllen bildet eine
Ki!inda und Kaunga-unga im nordHcbenAlbertslande nur an wenigen Stellen über das \Vasser ragende

früher, das heiSt wohl vor wenigen Jabren, von Gesteinsbank Cntiefen, so daB der ,..-onden Booten
Quellen gespeist wurden, und mit deren Versiegen der Touristen benutzte Weg marldert sein muS. Das
die in der Xahe betindlichen Dorfer eingegangen Gou,;ernement Yon Nordwest-Rbodesia ist nun seit

waren. drei Jahren bemüht, die zw"iscben der südlichen und
Die FUisse a!s Verkehrswege. Cber die Schiff­ zentralen Barutse liegende, bei Katima Molilo· be­
ginneude 140 km lange, \'On grollen Scbnellen,
barkeitsverhaltnisseder Flüsse gfbt am besten die
Feststellung AufschluB, dafJ der Sambesi, der deren einige auf 3 km langem Landwege umgangen
l\"asSetreichste FluB, auf der Strecke Sescbeke­ werden müssen, dur<:hseUte FluBstredte durch
Kanale, die in den Schnellen ausgesprengt \\'Crden,
Mambowa wahrend des grôflten Teiles des jahres
infolge Versandung für das Motorboot der franzô­ fUr Kanus und spâter auch fur }iotorboote passier·
sischeri Mission nicht befahTbar ist und auf der bar zu machen. Danaeh sollen die Inkarataschnellen
Strecke Katima Molilo- Seschel.-e nur wenig und die zw:iscben Katomboro und den Victoria­
fiillen befindlicben Kataralrte ersehlossen werden.
lânger. Hauptsicblich kommen· diese FluBstrecken
für den Durchgangsverkehr mit Kanus zmscben Es ist a1lerd frglic:h,sob die ganze. FluBstrecke
der zentralen Barutse und der Bahnlinie an Lialui-Victoriafalle scbiffbar gemaeht werden l:.~nn,
doch milBte scbon die Scbifibarmachung Lingerer
den Victoriafiillenin Betracht, welcher Boots­
verkehr in der Troc::kenzeit aber derart behindert Teilstrecken den FluBverkehr bedeutead heben.
ist, daB die WeiBen, denen billige .~rbeitskrâfte Günstigere Verhâltnisse· scheinen am Mascbi­
Linjanti zu herrschen. Der FluB ist nic::htallein
nicht zur Verfügung stehen, Frachten- und nament·
lich Korntransporte durch Buren"-agen besorgen bis auf die Schnellen bei Kasiga frei ,;on K.atarakten,
lassen.. In der Trocb.-enzeit enden die Bootfrachten sondem soli bis Kaunga und noch weiter nord­
watts auch fur flacbgehende Motorboote schiffbar j:
der Eingeborenen bei Mambowa, wibrend sie zur
Zeit.der Herbstftut über die Inkarataschnellen hinweg sein•. Der Amerikaner Todd, der hier die Flu~ 1
bis Kat6mboro, 20 km ôstlicb von Kasunguia, pferdjagd berufsmafiig austlbt, versicherte mir, jeder·
fahren. Bei Kat6mboro beginnt eine 40 km lange, ieit mit seinen woBen europ.ii.isc:henBooten auf dent
Flusse verkehren zu künnen, da derselbe meist einen
von breiten Schnellen durchzogene FluOstrecke,
deren Passierung selbst wihrend der Hoc:hftut fur zwv schmalen, aber gut passierbaren Kanal hilde.
.1-'racbtboote gefâbrlichist; in der Troc::kent.eit ist Schwierigkeiten biete das Bett nur im sogenannten
Linjantisumpf, wo es durch Verschilfung bis auf
die Befahrung dieser Strecke auch fur Personenboote
hëchst beschwerlicb. So muBte ich ~liu September lO m Breite und noch weniger eingeengt sei und
1905 für die Cbe"ândung dieser FluSstred.-e, die sich in scharfen, steilmnkligen Zickz.acklinien durch
das Sumpfland ziehe. Das Z..Iotorboot der franzô­
ich besicbtigen woUte, die doppelte Zeit aufwenden,
die ein Marscb auf dem parallelen Landweg edordert sischen Mission '"·ersuchte wahrend des Juli 19()6
batte. Die Schnellen, acht an der Zahl, "·erden die Schnellen bei Kasiga zu Uber-uinden, verlor je­
doch einen ScbraubenftUgel und muflte den Versuch
von Mandelsteinbânken gebildet, die zur Zeit der
Hochftut vom Wasser -überdeckt werden, wàhrend aufgeben. Ein regelmâBiger Kanuverkehr findet nur
der Trockenz.eit treten sie aber als •;, bis J'2 1:.-m am unteren .Linjanti von . Koma ·.abwirts statt, da
auf dem übrigen Flusse die tahlreichen FluBpferde
brcite Platten hervor, die mit micbtigen Haufen
berausge'Witterten Gertilles bedeckt sind. Der Flull den Verkehr unterbinden.
dringt in die jeweilige Schnellenbank mit zahl- Der 0 kawa ngo dürlie für einen Verkehr mit 17

mehrmals fand ich im Hukwefeld \·erlassene, durch Ma Bk(). Ferner ist noch ein Buscbmannstamm zu
Palisaden geschiltzteSommer-Jagddorfer vor, die e"'•abnen, der am· Kwando und im Bifurkations­
nach Angabe meiner MambuJ..:uschufiihrerYonHul..·we gebiet baust: ich konnte aus diesen Buschrrulnnern

errichtet wurden. Von der Richtigl..-eitdieser An­ den Stammesnamen nicbt berausbekommen, weshalb
gaben vermochte ich mich nicht zu überzeugen. sie hier Masarwa genaont seien, obwobl der Marutse
lm· bereisten · ).lafefelwohnen annahernd 200 jeden Buschmann ais Masarn--abezeichnet. Hoiub,

Ga1ikw e, die in einem festen Abbangigkeits\·er· der mit den Masarwa an der Linjantimündung in
hli.ltnis zu den dortigen Bantu stehen. wahrend die Berührung 1..-am, halt sie für Bastarde zwischen
Galikwe des üstlichen Barutsesandfeldes ais Sklaven Buschmânnern und Betschuanen; die\"OD mir am
familienweise unter den Bantu verteilt sind.Nacb Selinda angetroffenenMasar\\'a '\\-aren jedonicht

Angaben der Bugal.·we fiibrt der westlicb \"Onihnen mebr verbastardet ais Hukwe und Galikwe.
im 2Kungfelde'lebcnde Buschmannstamm den Xamen

Die Handelsverhaltnisse.

!\\ Sàmtliche. A usfuhrprodu det~! Li nj an ti·im Albertslande bei Kasungula. Die wichtigsten
l>eckens wi~ überhaupt des groBten Teiles der Ausfuhrprodukte sind Kom und Felle, in :t\\-eiter

larutse geben nacb Livingstone nôrdlich der Linie Horner, Haute, StrauSenfedern und ethnogra­
, .-ïctoriafâll·o sich di.e Niederlassun_gen Gro~ phische Kuriositaten. Horn\'ieh steht am Nordufer
bandler befinden, YOn denen zahlreJche uber d1e des San1besi und im üstlichen Barutsesandfeld

Barutse zerstreUte Zwiscbenhindler abhingig sind. niedrig im Preise, da eine Ausfuhr nur durch das
r Li"ingstone istdurch eine über Ka!ungula-Mambol\·a Linjantibecken nach Tsau am Taucbe erlaubt und
iührende 'YagenstraBe, von der sicb am Loanja nacb dem übrigen Südafrika der Viebknnkheiten
nordwtirts ein \Vagenl\-eg nach ~alolo·Li aalui _wegen gesperrt ist; ein groBer Marutseochs kostet

n,•eigt.mit Sescheke verbunden; bei ?l.lambowa am Sambesi 4 bis 5 t und ein Maschukulumbeochs
beziehungsweise Kasungula beginnt der Bootverkehr l2 bis1t. Der Preis eines starken Ziegenboekes betrug .
mit Sescheke und der zentralen Barutse. FGr den 6 Schilling. Der Handel mit Fellen ist infolge des
\\"agenverkehr' stebenan dreiBig meist buriscbe 'Wildreicbtums sebr gewinnbringend. Am gang­

FrachtfahrerÏfLiYingstone sowie in Kasungula und barsten sind FeUe von Fiscbottern, Leoparden,
~lambo wur. Verîugung. Bei normaler Trocken­ Pardels,Sen-ais, Ginsterkatzen, Schakalen, Füchsen,
zeitwitten.mgJegt ein beladener Frachtwagen die Erdeicbbornchen, Erdwoifen, Affen, Lemuren, Mür­
1
Strecke Livingstone-Kasungula beziebungsweire katzen. \ <lildkatzen und Cypha, ferner von !.Owen.
~lambow ia drei bis vier Tagen und die Weglinie die bis an die Victoriafâlle in der Trockenzezahl­
Li"ingstone-~ nsiekeebis zehnTagen zuriick; reich vorkommen, und Antilopen. Der \Vildreichtum
die Frachtpreise sind sdtwankend, betrageujedoeh ftldet: Linjantibeckens Jocl.-te in jederTroekenzeit

ersterc Strecke nicbt über 10 t und fûr letztere zahlreiche weille Jager in das erst jetzt unter Kan­
icht über20!. Der Bootverkebr der Eingeborenen trollegenommenc Gebiet zwischen Linjanti "und
:.1fdem Sambesi unterliegt festen, von Litia fest· SambesL An GroBwild kommen im Unjantibeckeo,
~esetzt Presen, flir eine Fahrt \'On Kasungula
angr~nzen M aeeeld und Hukwefeld vor Elefanten,
nach Sescheke [11_2Tage) oder umgekehrt {1 Tag) Giraffen, Zebra, -Büffel, Gnu, Eland,etoock, Puku,
ist an jeo.e Eingebcorenen, die das Boot beistellen,Pallah, Orbeki, Kudu, Sâbel·, Roen- und Oryxantilope,
eine Bootgebilhr \'On 10 Schilling und fur jedeo Letsch\'l.i, \\"asserbock, Bastard-Harteusw.t Die

Ruderer ein l.obn ,-on .; Schilling zu ,-erabfolgeo;Zab! der FluBpferde ist am Linjanti und namentlich
die Bootgebühr "'·ird an Litia abgeliefert. Seit am Maschi groB, dagegen am Sambesi durch Ab­
)iai 1906 ist auf dem Flusse zeitweilig ein Motor­ schieBen auf wenige Hundert reduziertDas Nashom
boot der franz9sischen Missionsstation in Sescheke fehlt dem ganzen bereisten Gebiete.Seit Einf"lihrung

in Verkehr und sucht durcb niedrige Personen- und der Kopfsteuer in der Barutse 'ilrird GeldUberaU
Frachtgebühren mit den Eingeborenen in \Vett· angenommen und den Tauseh\\-aren vorgezogen;
bewerb zu treten. Ais Verkehrsader kommt nocb der gangbarste Tauschartikel ist dunkler . Kattun,
der l:nterlaudesLinjaoti von Koma an in Betracbt;
au8erdem kommen noch in Betracbt Baumwoll­
der Boon·erkehr weiter tlu8aufwirtsist. durch die und Wolldecken, bun te Tücher, Messing-, Kupfer­
zahlreichen FluBpferdgef~hrd m t.anzen Becken und Eisendrabt, KleidungsstGcke, Hüte, Scbuhe
.befanden sich :.drei Handelsniederlassunmmlieh une:\lederne Gürtcl Die früber al4;emein beliebten

zwei inSescb~ u~èd eine in Koma, au8erdem eine Glasper.en sind nur noeh bei den Maj.;r am
14

A1
'
j
1
-:1 , • i·ath'indi..CmJi~ at aame diatanŒ 80!Ith of•eJ ~tD 'r..\ ' .
-ith :u)tho memoirs of tlHmo~e.~ modfr fmm :U: wo!l, ~~·:· ·(JoaOJcoaaBIJlO:QtmB.-r.)
ncoa::t:' ·agroem lineandhOJrumtnüptnd.t _lthepn~~&eutSiDe,cNmland ·diaetr18,.7•v~>-··.
-Ld 'w~ey· " into~Dt, sbiele .it. i.11s lt~i~Btllogie~fainAap!*ofjl8theCOlmtryhu beon ·cally
~COI1S arng~~vboyn~~ the achnofjtiie Brpn1~h1n~appr unsosd~~12Diiltprsaon:yeu1 lieso\rt.h
~ploi y~hejfd~nd ;ottctonn~n ~d.E pl~-J;0'lt,~~ld lDl(~h~Z!Jnœa~~J liri~om..DtiÙah
ttionjApUblication whicthotnt.eof $p:un-hsom.c SIDJstercosnbméotnilnenoe, ,;ODthe• limita ot

ieh h:l:J::n refto by 'thil _til~~~sngi?doaerlthootete.8of .,._...,r~·---- :.---..... a.....! ~ _~~d.ch
" ahappyii:l.i et:un~tnhetm~p~,ranacl,~ad1y to ~Sll;fd l~tltbriel!P,eto :byGorma.n · • !l'ta
''·inoJSC1'6Iimust botbm~~. ~t.on.a l!!!:p boart·I~n_~,!a.eul dandirieua ;-Onijle wethe21:Hh,
~Dtleid.Br i~p:~ sxtebitl a,J~a ol!,lta po~ns.dtalm:~Idegreecmthe BOOtthe !2paralleΠthe
1:>ftho •· •omma.· ,n· .!S~ ~.bGlore a~nt ~tJt.liacbs1?ftGat. alidl:.wn frompoinofitariledion
ws thattOe:;brqin..bii.t~tin gn a sonaat10Da:Im~~s.tW~tc of~the C~ riveand ~.~bos ,bieb ia
tho Dueds nrcghoO\\'tho m1ght bèQof cucp~Io nt.r:Atwnal dabout 50 DWweR.othe VJct.oziJ~bFal1J,
ho cujoyaroothi!fellow;.. cn.cy, · l · ·..:~, 1.'LctterbooorithBotlettoth ~2·praDai;
ot.,; bo.belioasi the noC;lntrta mo .a~.nGlbml haa. Ipan~ on- ~en~..a ·linŒ.wn UJ aine .
'!Tecmcn.mado'a mouth agoja v~L' sL9uston,:md·o~f~u':~ pYo~'of'lllt&nieet.brough.. ,toIbo .
;y-of the reW!la.tion hyglYl:rtS?to~dii dilpelo mfnt1c 20a1egru.aWirh~nhe pai'altb luale~-.
u~y wu still olljci:tin:1fmnls.h dney has a.lwayongeto aeaacribed· there'lof the mŒt ferti e distririta . ·
1 have boen curil the aum.J lpo.n lt .to lU· .a~e~tsn,~ly ofSoutbol.!bicaTheboŒt of itthe poÎntl
,; had OOo.nll".''.eonidu.nng negot111.oneo::nhr~angf~~ ma.Tk&dn~e m08'tordimaps aske.Nga.D;~i.
~ment n .,.-~bJoù~n cast: mc1eo: .authantiat .Gtlml.lt~.rlSoatb of ~elake t.be~yhill11dclat:i.Dg,
lUJOUn('Cmcnto.nt1crptherou1~ neu.seof noputtln~.st.opto ~wel1-wa ~a,nd.agnl,DceJ;i~;..It 1s
' A~r~nht!::rpimportsuml ":"e.not aelly of c~~mg:~~R.ecus aeo-sup~d:tob ovm e~y , .~the
mnnkty.the nrr:wgemwith?o?-~h :,t~eace.?itsa~U:!:!J aUclmitJu~agoodhaiLivmgsb.m~· l'fed t.be
~a4.OClcite procf!slitltis.~lll~o1Tis&et'lnl'.ervl°Bntti ~h of mû:Ï_of iàhealtb. ·ŒaoCeu~l ·· ·~
1rger, and therstiputat\l?-0.the ;p.otci..bSurd MC:I~of ~e district, faU of and bigatnstretr.bes
o.t lettlthorcmaindel shall .l~~Spqnletem~, : . )'.1 :fora~t !<IO·mües. HbaŒo ~s •abotmde,_

· •b,·. HOP,RI :A.NElN:BUL.G RIA.. \1 1·~.awbbigb oommercial_ Tha:eist.r:iet..•s
GEH~lAKY. :.·· ' . '· , ·•soFI,Mu Sll ! i.nfebyetsetaflybatlieyondt·gram..ug
Df:RLI.T11.:1 .~ -violoD.tte acc:ompo.nied.~ • a r~léupon,wbicthe fm.~ ctt.lof Soath
ing the lŒanufV:ersary .ha.ilstoIW't over this ·.pthalf-pa.Afnca ampartetorcwmn herds, tcheto
ieridtbeG~tr·.th,day was 1 o'elock thioon abd lil.st.ed or.a quarl.·r !th· no• ·' · ·.
,0.Ly •J"".'.!rtùnnnd ofof an houT~ ~:~t w.ib wa,~rcŒdcdjby.:rhe ~rincipa ofaimuni.tio b&tweea ~
....jesty L&eno~lllDgDÏ_ficentn!mosp eric no!~usedryconsidei-: regi_and~ outer woarepythe River·
o.>io~l11r,t&n.neestor mnb'lc damage heré and m theuotzy, tbo· Cwiuch lBat present .nava,only
n~fn"..tu!u.m. wttic)• n.lsto!".es.nîsn~mo~saès1s as. nuifor canoes. to 'the Za.rnbesi, 'm??f~t!.li
w1:.llo..~ndht round w1th. The prme1pa.l bas .becuscd·tho pnrtant.wateof tbo Olrn.vangr1ses 10. ·
:n a~:<l uluto 'ti~ ll.nù northcrn porti.tow.b~ebow..rese h.sn1ghbourh0of thC~neÏl1 . . C!!O · .
~wo: ~uot.-:u drunk m .slthe a.p,peara·~nnsfsstalllebombil tmtryto.thn~, ~nd P~LDg souw ~ by
td n.tu.~tet:mt1 messes. ment. 1 • 1 . ' .• 1·'LakNgarru, ehan1tna.mtothe tle·(or
mn~u~ obitiu~ dtmdca~din- ,. Scare'lly a ],otllicISsed kt tho. Zugn.), aou~to~Ba.Kari liî.kes of".
\\e!Gt"rt~ n~ttl~c~otn iort.'tC'pod bomdauut byt~.storm.~u:K:hama~untr "!,1ntedB.ya_~ ofS~o- .
)n.h...hoa W"Qdch\"ated1tho. ID.D.JontytllsJ:Windows am brokonfTl_co.l;JernY y~an enhgh . chief
.., li err TOC>O.thoc Goiwh.llaomcl! use~avoh_nthilroofsn~<-l:orom.J ~htomthtn~ooyon tdnorthom·•
nmlb,He..-o.il!n·,boh. (etll.s cnrn. d awa.r, or dt!i!plnccd, the gafdom boThea~P.laorernu.ncb.:y.
)idee \.our::. . .i·' :1wa.J.ls,'pn:a..~e1._Jolwn down. .\.omlkun:J:ngw~ M,or.elllll tif.hcou
Sa:s.c-Co~ basn-G~etr!L:\r.~lef·1 thVICLDlof the cks, :oon-. now -well-kriown Ho-1s ansti&D..
· tcllm~l:.Ao.l:cal·~vhm:tmngccannon ~;nri carriag· roniplctBf;bas. bbon S?far eduea.ted th.andhc_caï±]n·
' a~~~..teroflmpruw!Uilcshattcretl.1 1 .l , : d !· ~te h1a nat1vo ton:r.c:m ,sp a littlo
ibo!lhi'lli::. u~l)s.';.''Lmeoldicwcro ~mea.nd .su~tai uei!hd ~o is ·emomclin"t..o nig:·ut,
'.\\err<-\\ho;oes thero 1 ·, :JnJUTI'.,'_s.A numùurha;vo bOOn roptohave.~wdo~s1rWis·~..d.~t.o
.t'gent c[. fi.'l,.an:<:'rcn_ <lof>:n. irhe 1l:rt.tl!oiP:Uadevelopmcof )lia eou•.~Ono ·IS ~to :
of ltc!'T Lut2lus Pr1m0aJonc ~tbmat aj:ldCOO.f.:~ !. .! ~b'nah;o trg.d•ng 11torosho~bhshc•l
The~ 111n~: ~otvst.h~l.ent ..ba~thIKha~a .?on.nt;:ry;-andth~otoshonhl .
ll'ALY. donom theQDVnonoiSofiaNo1 ab1b.of ba.ve mtncs hko; Joha.Tholsbrolo·aro
no:.tE, Jtan: 1. ·. ofmc11cto-ih:.vin,'.visï.liypea.teaathiha:t fàkously1.dia:tiut.,
f tlGo~ men• in tho dcbnto".· . e.:1 violqn'e. ;: .'i. l. :J.ft.erthe fll.lin.bo~rosmsearch of
intctliAI Iia saconclusi.e· THE lflSRERJ;QUESTI. . 1 ·1 work.' Great; nn'mbors·haths pnrposo :
:re~a ayi•:"" fuafnhrll. •s ~O.t"S(NE~OUNDL MfY31.,:toJoha.n.r h:\~rt,nd ~r~t~~annt_s
IJ?niUCllnthelO.to t~nt !h:act\011 or S:•Walkcr., enmmo>udlthe auron,g,openll;lOllB, .cu•tli2.'\•.or·
liC8 Ul:t.frf;l'l'.Ç!I iorberMa.jèsty'siiEmerald, 'e;~e~iiotn of the .N::amî peopl6 isO.at.to:butéd l~ly
Y on tadh·t 1d~n'\a1!u~lt-p~;~:fe athiPnge~a.StGeo •eBoy, J'the efOfonman-a Mr.: Stmmbon'o-ht ·.
"«pl lonu aa:~'trcetorlO.'-1u:ioawa.ituld~aeo11sid.he..~~tl1of•Swcdiah ~stnhouh auEnglish àqbjcct.·.
• ana.~~~. foDer,/n! èooreiTe {·jllrexerhioeyia.ederdDepMr.f!!b' ;hi1now o~oe40t·y~r s·lc?f:.~~
l'l tUi~~l·.0-Jct••t>pj0~tnnri':StG~orgeBay e.Oilstitutcsqr'halb~~n!oug Na~~·oolequsa~~l!letd"·.
n1 enoe..~'t>'1°r•~::··.. 1 :dstiag-'ttr.emO~Dtosl,aiml.ir.nd:.ntradqfromth.e t1i:no .he. l:~e..-1~
. . 1 •t:"IE,!M"1.:~r soTereigll.• ·1·t;~. ' .·1 · ~nrr o.markabltufl.uonee among m •·
nitu~ b1 tltc ~C:,Lof.on · . : · 1 . . • ·.· • · . his early ydad·on the .death: ·oi'a ..
tl;GocnJ..EC!cntg:\:~dm-.h TnE DUTCHIEAS'rINDLE • · ' fo.ther;·a2l.Vyeara.he ,vasapïnw•l
•·me.hro t1~.h:to:se.~y~ . ;~ : .1"'l!HAGUE ill y 31guardi:m of the !;roullo has'é~he ;n
•hoIltheeou trfhssapoc cb~Gove ~ hirceei.etèa ~.~romo ·c~~~up~ipc1on"'which ill, yiràt(\f: ,',,
• •! ' 1 ·1! L ' .ovenor-Gelior:uIDntcEaat! lUetatinPrimel. .MimsAl!dt'ospons'OOV ·ta:!lli'
ayrc.ll~~~~m làO1;n~n 't~eaituatÎlEdi. (Aehbua.eob).emnt'e MorW&en the BritiI'Nlecto'~ert;j
moder:Mo~~, b.ide!nt:Jrariou.tlie!tilj·rare·~a .i ~~~ i~ Nortbo~chn11 Wtad.~laa.wnd~,lj:w·as
»rrno.r On(!t, th;ttst, J,ind f.'l'nOj:arnlstru&'h1SI>JC:baifOnmUtaünbuncoto Moremthahls tii~ .
1pee r.~n ~~~·· •s.;r.sokea refilge·Duteblfcrtr,·'··1 . 1 fol_l wi~oan!ph~ nfBritistl inflleiji~
:!lt: t;a~lehbr~.~ce!o Reinfot,eebave bcèn deap1te!Jan., ov1ne0à, tho keenest aatiagu.volon:'~tlun
n.ll hic, \J,\VIco t\nUI! •o ·TH 1AN• ...CANAL,.;, ~. 1·in tho mtitheoormofta t:t)ncasrsf•: ~nlontijnllDtll
-t. .'.•i.t t.Ytiabo~l ;!~o 1f . •~ !•l'J..liJ31-·• StrornbOmo.ll tl..Jp.mineand ,'in.;~
;;o!16J!9'w\,t~ ·l~~lnl1'he6D!Wu.t ofU.e ru.u.I~l~l:i: ltidocmzl,:~nidibl:~i~ i:to .t~.ùy~l
iltour :r.;\Jçs, ~!•JJO-:aa ,~witl,eb :of:lonl•nd 'Jl.t_d'e~conce~ wG1mao .1n·Au~s . ,·f~11:1':.·.
ailthe o/CTS?!l~u)q.i,'J;.rea th.o.tyof Lubdbos notr:..l..mf::lrmannonucod in the followiDg)D' .,elrYI
1 say1\'!~ Pth~\~ rc;vc!\-c~1nror~betcr,.: icwi~~n r~for t~prncipa\Cip.c pn.po.rwith Nlé:tf: .
'l11.reapecfr.St. e~Jf! n~l~~8pe worsa.btbabo~rb<ofutguor~ j!lVel!_~thi coneoRBICn.anotl he;~·Sdu.
, · .• 1 '"; i' .,,,.1 atAto.hutthe tbof.tbeeamo..;!lA(nean-cl'lmhns boonfoi'IUcd,and·th'olvnhu,:
1 therrt1ndQtna.ndeyoto of \ esbowevetho':w outbe·lim ··ttbfof mb.irittbe cnJ;Qge•to1tlor;wl:t~c.
IJ_lOL~tt~1 i.X;i_.RI~%gMntmro1~im~lli.e,aeob:."uotata in':'l!ldt~.i~lttiatrte,liniulèf ~'bo.
resan cn1u~.eortfi!_mitl\~~crt•rnth.o'!\tb ~utb ~,o.fljn"w"'Drttlah!opllsetr~~~ ;':·n.;t·1·.. [ .
hercu tp>CÙ~y<a.<J. m~ttl>ja.rof Yoitiu v1.rj~· ... \,: .1 ·1 ..: .:.1 . · . · :'; 1
:nemJ.o:t~soIJ:If l~~,~wohoely~ tor~lnrgteae,r~ttea.t.U.~ay ·' LlATm \MOYE ASTO.·8w.i.ZIÏi'AND. ·,
~h Go~cmm ~puntp.o,s.~e1~rr a•loMlell~b.th_~ltl'.~ ~.~i~~,X!fE.1~ ; , · · ij;;i follll
TillANO!f.n.~ r>UTN.~l «tt<• tl"Nt ,~·:
' !ITU!"' ~IHI!RurorHf'111urrrr. r.8~
mt. it i• thl inflinlt•. •••"•·!Pit'•iJ,t~tf1rt:.-nf1'h'~~,_.
· lolomo..h!oh lie ·hlJdea ln Alric& llltat;andIllo 1, m•~ wlwle syotelnThe ••lloyo· botwe..n -thom owo noithor witlth nor form
_ _ _ _ _liko :ltlr. 1\oid.Auolol_A.tho_re~~AJ' •.rnr10Uiog-bN DC111
- ---- -·--myotôrlêil .nîti-rroet~"c1ohclerheym.akgoodu.oftholr lo _th11strMmR whloh drain t'fho-Cum patll\ rla~tn:d~- _---,---·-'
opportunlLiee. For my pert, thoy t.be the mMte" of the nrt of we81ornhighland or the Great' Va.Uoy-inoortoky, Tonneaaee,
~nNdorthom AlaLamB, This rlato&u l•olt roaoh&Hita grontoat haight
~t•lorllto.n1 would ooll yuur ntto thmap of M~oAUtin,•H
•oom•tmo tu bo p><opoc,l1fn tho mAl"wo IIQwndoynJwo"''"n<.> ln Kentucky, and wlopoagrndually from this sootion to tho aout\• ami
langur COiltontwltb tho hapllaznrdaf goography-wa ask for good weat. lts eastern cHoarpmontal.ruptly 800 to 1600 foot from the
SOnd hulplmeo0111 fair numbor of filAnd hore bavc thom, not Greot Valley, aoù shows overywhere an ulmŒt rorfootly atraight &ky-
unly (rum llfnj<JrÀusll"p;rlnumborol trGfcllurowhowandorthrou~th
tito lcngth ond brendth orAfr!ea. Wo hoJI'Ithal the mag.notof Afrioa.mayunacThe wOIItQrnosoarpment very irrogulofor tho stroama,
l.l•oroaltrMt Mr, Reid,aod that '"' aball hcar aomethlog mole (rom hlmand from wcstwnrù from Ibo platnve oarved out tl>eir vaUeya fur
.Mnjortlllti1be futBll tthe ponlbllltlos of that grMaa~­ountry, bnok into tho olovlltod disttlonarrow apura running ont into

whilc,·I will uk tojoin me la ao:oo11Uaag cordla1•otoMr. think" tho low plaios boyon'l'he aurfiUIlghly dleaootod, presonting a
lt <JwJRt 1 am.·auroyou will agree wllh me la the moolgrapbIGIIJidun Umaiu or gorgo-lv lloys 80\tnr thoetln.rogular elopoa or tite
r..·corduf Afrhmn tr&Yo\, · aharp or rounded biThe levol of the origina-lly nplumved m&IISor
the pllltellu is now repreaentod by oltho e:r.ittlng a•unmits,

THE ANGLO~AX OFNTSHEKENTUCKM YOUNTAINS: wblob show a temarkable uniformlty in the north-eBIlino,outh·west
A STUDY IN ANTHROPOGEOGRAPHY. and a alight riae in olovatlon from tho woatern mnrgiu towai-ds the
interlor.
BJ' Mloa EI.I.IIN OHUROHILL &EMPLI!.
IN ono of tho mŒt pl'(lgres•ive and produoti•e countri611of tho world, About IO,OilO&quare mlles of tbe Cnwborland pll&tellufaU wlthln
·the confines of the atate of Kentuoky, and form the aaetem eeotion of
and in tbat seolion of the country which hao h&d ita oivillzation and tho alatA glanoo nt the topographioa,l map or the region shows-the
itWalllth longest, wo find a large aron.where tho people are 8Uilllving
Ibo frontier llfe b~Wkwo ohotdte ,lvilization ie tbl\t of tho oounttytobe devoted by nature to isolntlon and Tho outem
rim or ths plntean la formed by Pino mounta.in, witarrolidea .-,
olghtoonthtnry, where the pesp~& tekEnglish of Shakeapeare's wall with levet top in silhouette ag11inat the aky, and abows only oua
Ume, wherethe largo mlljority of the inhabitant.s have never Beon a
&teamboat or a railroad; where mlisca:rΠao in colonial day8, water-gapn a distance or 150 miAnd jnat beyond ia the twin
range of the CumberlanBence no ni!ronds have attompted to oroaa
antl ail tri•barterltis the great uphea•ed maaa of tho Bouthorn this doubleborder-barrieze&pt at the north-o11.1110nth--eas~
A)lpalncbiana wbioh, witoonHee ~l:Wiifgthemonnt alllin~~,
c1maod theao oonditione to survive, n bit of the eighteanth cernon of tbo atato, whoro tho Dig Sandy and Cumberland rivera have
car..adbolr way tbrough tho 1nountnina to tRalhoth. orn­s, ~::·,
eontnry intaot Oltor if\to this atrongly twantiotoontury, fore,kirt this upland region, but nowbere panotTho whole •:
and proBCntingn snnchroni.-u aU ths moro markod haca.uaefound in .f
tlm l1oart of tho buatling, money-making, novelty-loving United Statoa,nroa ia n ooaiBeld, the mineral be!ng ohielly bitumino\19, with Bll1'&ral
tbouaandII!JDilro mlles of 1111poriorcanneThe obstruction&
'J.'heooiUlÎt BTOto ho found throughoth0 hrol&d toof tb(l
t:io11thernA)lpnlaohfnne, but nowhoro in auoh co~oty 1r0 lng growing out of tho topogrnphy of tho oountry, and tho chont• river
IBrgol>aroaMin tho mountain region or Kentuoky. transportati11fl"ordodJ.,ytho Ohio for. thendhM~onogllhol"
river coal hava tendod to rot,.rd the oonatruction of railroad11 witbin
A mountain 11yatemis ueum~rk y a oontral.orebnt tho the 1nountaioa, and evan th01.1oon the mo.rgin of this uvlnnd region
Appalnolllll118are diati-l•a central ..one of dopfl,&nkod
on tho end by tho Appalaohian mountains propor, and on the woat hnva ooanulit elnJ880.
M11nhae doua' so lito render tbia diatriot nooesaible bno,.uao
by tho· Alleghany an1l tho Cumboda.nd )llateo.ua, 'l'hiacontrai trough nat11robaR dooo ao liThore aro bolllargo stream a penotratlng
is gonorally tlcHlgnntetlna tho Orod AJlpnlaobhm y,.IJoy, Hia doprca8od
Kovaru.lhundrod foot Lelow tho bigllll&n1l3on oitlHurfaooo, Lut tl.o hoort or tho mounta11in 'l'onneneo, whoro the '1'onneuoo
riverùr~w tsotgribu tr~~ to lestlnmoat raugoo of tho
iHroliovod by intormittsorie11even~m rdg11w hih riao
1000 feet or more ahc•o tl1c gtli!Ornl l&vl)l~rtonooalhol Appalnclliano, oula wostwby Bnring water-gaptbroughohain
otl•or, and ccnformi11go •omo timo to the atruoturnl azia of tho ~rt ooorn nndope nM~ghway from thointorior of tho lltotom
tho plains of lho Mioohulippl. The Kentnoky atroun.vlgahlo

• Soep.ll72. only to the margin or tho 1•leatcnu, and thHoforo lollvo thill gront "ren
withoutnatu mren&~of oommnnloatlon with the oulaido worl!l to
No.VI.-Ju 1~90,.] 2 a .r-·· .'

(a) ffs 1~x cl.ncv the t.:ic ..~h.~.-~'i''"-'Tëires~1!ononr

~,the i{esidP •1tC':'!.i·.'e>r·nnic1 ~:vistt. to the Dis ..~1t.i:1
,TJ.tl1~7 •
' 1
-' 1:
.-. ,....) · (h) '1"he:~-n--:i ;~,e.sr~ o.~flV"eox_i.U>ntel1,oog..sf!mn"'e
) ·~ne tn e~t. 1~"r l'nartT:;, in the r.'l D~ist "i~ t-"'rpnrt lv
\
~.•;. ,·· i.!the ~d lr~' .1Jist,P~G etn.ab?tmds i:J the Li.es···rve R.nd
\~~ 0W5ng to the hernry dronght gre~ te rds of g?r= w~le'e()rt,e., se,'"'n
ner rthe ···11">~iver-. .Glenhnnt.swere rrequent. lvenconntered
t>nd the.vcAuser) c11nti. nuntrouhle h:v rmU ing trees r..crosst.he
T"Ot!dS.

0
(c) t'he ttfri.cr~v)•)• i.ntlo. th€ dis tr-ct .iscoŒntrHte<:l
!:1'.ly i.., thetPch ·U~ an'ef!. 11nd icons is t.s or thef'ollo·:·Tinr­
tr"i:1es,the nul•lhersof ···rhiwe··e taken in the 19~6 Cens us.-

Lusu:1in - 2031.
B~.t:F nm - 44:-~.
·, ?.Srtl"--IA • 503.
·Jar.,tse.- 1210.

~nl!"'!'JUkushu - 92.
rnl':"nln!lgl" 61.
:··n!: ."l!m. - 4C1.
.·nxE>re~ ~u .rt•
nnd Jp,r,~nr -ns 13.

mhe ~pj~~itv~f ~he ~nrotse live nt Scr~na~1~ hetn~
<'......,loYeô h" t.he ChCnnt~e. fl'S-u~~;"c"h:u!'!' J!~"ir:-1.;ii"!.l'l'1f"1)

0 rh~,. :leethreeFf!tive Authorities in the Kad1ikpn ~~"'en
~!1' wo ~·t:-.f'tei.

-:'he~-!e="Kml'·1nkt< ~l.the : t~SI>! 'W·t.nt.e i1'f:::-le~'"'H''Ô
1
'l'IrnLr·l:.he-r->fo"'"'inef'i:'ic ienncl '·'"'rl uLusn~fw !r·~t;ln"•n1·.e~
;, l·"ls'"•lw:·e•

.2.

fhe nPer of the district is re~orte~ to cove~37,1~C
S(;um·e ·.!iles~nd consista entLrely of C1"'11'n!"nc1s.

·~.' .he~.cinJ.t,ivt~t iJ.c'<'(J,•:out ii1€tJ!' :"pcht1~ ;n;'!_,
nte t:-ü;n'eas • ienlies [nd r<>?::'icorn nre grown annu?..l1.y• '!'he
tl l"·)tlcr:llr t1"oh> who le Ter,.i t':lWl•S~llS oxne riencf:'ri.nt.h:ts
fJ.i.""i.ct anr1 onlt-.fni'i" CI"~;•<>)':'t). nÎS~:·?.hikau and noth ing
:•t~11. nt Lt>,tetsi,wh! ch T'esulterl in A se.ri.onsshcrt~e of f'ocsd

in thl't.~re r•-:

The Pdnf:.>11.foP the 1047 - Ul49 sePs"~ u:n to the :nst
,JEce·d)e r, 1q4WNI 10.16 i~che s ;m~ gn0d c rn'l1t~r> eY.T>~. •-.terJ - 2

2. . Agriculturg (Continueci) 1

Mealies were sold to Tràders dur:i.ng 1947 at 25/.;., 1
per beg ot 200 lb.
A certain amount of soil erosion haà occurreè on
the Kacbikau Flets owing to winds sweeping over.areas
that heve been burnt by Bushfires.

3. Livesfbck.

The cattle in the district axcept at·vâtetsi were·
able to find sutficient grazing to kee~ the~ in good ·
condition throughout ·the year,and no serious âiseases
were reported.

Tbere were 5,673 head of cattle exporteà tc
Northern Rhodesia from Xazungula durtng the year.

4. Trade_nnd Industries.

(a) The district centaine the largest commercial concern
in the Territory, whicb is the Saw Mille at Serondela
known as the Chobe Concessions (Bechuanaland) Ltd. The
Concessions are divided into two areas between Ka2ungula
and Kachikau and lying ·to the South of the Kazungula -
Kachikau botor Road. The Western area is leased at a
sum of ~15,000 and in the Eastern area a royalty of ~ne
penny per cuhic foot is charged and collected by the
forest.11ent Forester on all timber taken in logs frorr.the

During 1947 i t is apparent that the Corr.pany bas
run ·at a considerable loss,chiefly due to incomoetent
management, and the ,~.anag weas dismissed at thè end of .
t'he year.

The Concessions are ricb in timber and there is
no reason why the firm shnuld not carry on a good trade,
if properly organized.

(b) At, Ka7.U.'1gulathere is a W.N.L.A.Ltd., transit Car:~p
which is a collecting point tor recruits brought down
the Za~:~be toi•n Sesheke by riv('r barge and also !lor
those who have been repatriated fron the mines. From
0 r~zungul ahe recruits travel by lorry to the railway
at Jafuta. ·

at).Kachikau~ and two at Serondelatoresand two at Kazungula. - two
~ addition during the latter part of the year a licence
was issued to the Chobe Concessions, Ltd. to trade at
Serondela on the conditions that all goods were to be
sold at a profit of 10 per cent and only to employee! of
the Company or to members of the Government.

.. ~ Licence was .also granted to open a store at
t.oa.tet1 •

The average turnover at the se stores is !3,soo p. a.·

s. Native Labour.
--}•
The African employees at the Chobe Concessions,Ltd.
during 1947 nur.1bered approximately 700, the majority of
whomwere Barotsi. ·. The average wage for unskilled labour

...·.
'.
1 %~1-i
~.·~s:
~ a~·'-

5. Native Labour(Contd)

w The average wage for unsklilêd labour employed at
the ~ills was t2. per moenth, which incluàed rations. The
employees are housed in woodrn buts. The site is in the form
of an African Village rather than a Native Compound and they
are allowed to have their familles with them.

A total of 2i4 Africans were recruited by the w.N.L.A.
Ltd., Kazu~la from this District for work on the gold reines
during the year.

6. Health:
·(11 ~œ.
(n) ID:!!:ém!!Y !he.•state of health bas been generally good and
there has been a substantial reduction -in t.he incidence of
~alari ahich is undôubtedly due to the regular use of Palu­
drine Hydrochloride tablets as a routine prophylastic.

(b) Africans:

There heve been no serious outbreaks of disease.
:) There is a definit.e Vitamin 1C) deficient:y 8Ji::ongst most Afri­
cans which has resulted in frequent cases of scurvy.

Veneraal dise11ses are very prevalent especially
amongst the African err'Ployees of the Chobe Doncessior1s,Ltd.
The majority of the Africans are infected with fev~r but ite
effectrupon them are considerably reduced by their naturel
resistance to it.

(2) Housing.

(a) Euro~.

There are two Governnrent bouses fit T<asnne. The one
inhahited by the District Co·c:misefonerbas been recen1ty rede­
corated and regaw•:ed and is in a reasonable condition. The
other is inhabited by the A.L.o. ·and is in a very poor state
o"f repair •

.. ..The:.1-.N.L.A.Ltd. ,.ho_usea·at Kazungu.lq_are in ex-
cel~ c~Çl-iti .o·n. ·

At Serondela the majority ot" dwellings are built of
Tiu1ber and the mosquito proofing is "lot.sufficient. Plans
are being made to put up new brick buildings during 1949.
(b) AFRI CAN.:.

The buts provided for the African Govern~e Officiais
at Kasane are very dilapidated and need rebuilding.

The employees of the Chobe Concessions,Ltd., at
serondela are provided vtith buts built of timr:er and thatched
roofing. The area covered by these huts, which takes the
form of a vill~ge rP..ther than a Compoundbas not been kept
in good order and sanitation has been bad.

The Compound of the i.N.L.!1• Ltd. , P.tKazungula on
the other hand, is well designed and kept;very good condition •

,
·' '...)

- 4

(3) Staff and rosui.talisation:

A i.edical Off'icer was eppointed by the Chohe Concessions,· Ltdo ·
durlng April and arrangements were made by Government for
. him to attend to the Medical. requiren:ents in the District.

Dispensaries were set up at Kachikau and Ka.sMe. The f"onner
is visted by the Wedical Officer once every other week and
t.he latter is open to patients once a week.

The ~edic aff"icer also visite the w.N.L.A. Ltd.) et Kazu­
ngula once a week to exAmine mine recruits.

The Chobe Concessions,Ltd., have built a small hospital
at Serondela which consista of one ward with ten bede for
Af'ricans only.

·There are no Hospital facili ti es for Europeens.

7. Revenue.

The folloWing is the comparstive table showing the
capproximp,te Revenue collected during the past fi ve years:-

1943. 1944. 1945 1946 1947.
Cutat.oms.. ~ 61g ~ 901 ~ 732 tl,159 t1,0830
Licences. 2~7 259 338 447 560
Revenue Stamps. 9 9 8 8 30
Judicial Fines. 13 66 54 GB 71
Poll Tax. 38 24 36 39 94
Rentals. 112 60 60 1114 133
lliscellaneous. 1438 1293 1530 1;141 1,138
Cattle Export)
\1ar Tax. ) _96=6~--....:71=6 __~--. 7.:;;_;.._...::0_-6

Total. •• L3=55=5====f:3= 3,9903=1===·~748

The Miscellaneuus Revenue consiste mainly of cattle
Crossing fees and Veterinary Inspection fees.

3. Crime.

0 The follmving is the comparative table of Criminal
and Civil cases tried in the Court of the District Commi­
ssioner during the past five ca1endar years:-
1943 1944. 1945 1946 1948.
CriminB.l. -m -os ---w -""47 ~
civil.

ot the crimes coulJIIitteêiduring 1944 there were 28 ·r·,;t·"tf..
dagga laws and 19 against the Pass Laws.

During· the years 1946 and 1947 there was a great in­
creese in cases of thert and assault, which mostly took
corernencedto employ labour from tbe latteressionpartd.of 1945.d

9. Education.

African Schools are situated in the ~oll~~ng villages:­
Kachikau, A~ung Sa,gongwane ~d liatetsi.

The average attendance at these schools during the/ •••

1· - s· -

9. Educat~o (Cnontd)
The average attendance et ~hesescbo~ls during ~be
year was 66.

The MAjority o~ the pupils ere in Standards SUb A and
suLBand only at ~achik Schuools do they tench above
standard 111.

The School buildings ~re built o~ reade and pales or
mud with thatched roofs. School equipment is very short.

All the schools mentioned were visited in September by
the EdueRtion otficer for the Northem Protectorate.

: 10. Staff.

(a) District Administration.

The District is admi~i~~er eydthe District Commissioner
for the Ngamiland and Cbotlé', who resides a.tMaun. The N.C.O.i/c
_·:) was responsible for the cotiectiona of all revenue and atte­
to his Police duties.tforward administrative matters in addition

The District CO!!'t!issioner flaun visitE"d the district
during the year in July and October and one· visit was also
paid hy an Assistant District Commissioner in April.

Towards the end of the year it was decided to post sn
Assistant District Commissioner to ·Kasane and Mr. N.V.Redmon
took up duty there on the 31st December,1947. ·
...__~--~~.- .. --'
At the srure tirne the European Police N.c.o. Sub .Inspector
Putterill was replaced by an African N.c.o. Sergt Mutukwa.

The Office Staff consista of one Clerk- D.B.Noyoo w1o
in addition to his normal duties is responsible for the upkeep
of the Tax Register, and the running o~ the Postal Agency.

A Me·s~ng enerpreter is definitely required and it is
hoped that~on w~ill be appointed in 1948.

(b) Police.
Tbe Police Post at KRzungula was withdrawn and tbere
is now only one Police post outside Kasnne. This is at
Kachikau wbere the rE:> 1s a Police Office end Camp,at whicb
one African N.c.o., :t.wotroopers and 2 Constables are sta­
tioned. 1

The Police Post at Kasane consisted of a Sub-InspectorJ
4 Troopers end 2 Constables until the end of the year wben
1 . the SUb-Inspector was relieved by an Afriean N.C.O. The ·
o.c. No.5 District who is stati~ne ad Maunpaid two visits
to Chobe during the year.

(c)Administration of Justice.
..:1
-j: The Prisoners in the gael who average five a ~ontb
:t are looked af'ter by a Gael Guard, who receives a êeil:y wage
·t of 2/- per day.
·1 ,,·.·

- 6. ...

(d) Medicf!!.

A Medical Orticer is stationed at Serondela who
is part employed by Government. For arrangements.
see under Health. ·
(e) Agricultural.

There is an Agricultural Livestock Qf"f'icer sta­
tirJned at Kasane who hae a sta:tf' o-rtwo A:frican Cattle
Guards and who may employ sucb temporary labour as
he may require to assist him in cattle insnections,
weighing and dipning etc. His main duties concern
the arrangements for the export of cattle from this
Territory to Northern Rhodesia.
(f) Forest&.

A Government Forester is stationed at Seronàela
wbose duty it is to supervise the cutting of timber
by the Chobe Concessions,Ltd. and collect the nece­
ssary Royalties.

0 11. ~c 'Norks.

\. Tbe CRrnp at Kasnne is in a dilapidated sta.te
! tod the economy"'rprogaarrn:ne,howevel", the money allo ...
i· cated for this purpose could not be utilised.

The only repaire carried out to buildings ~re
to the stock Inspector•s House. This was redecorated
throughout and regauzed at a coat of !34 •

.All water at Kasane is drawn from the river by
hand and the need for a Pump bas been atressed.

roads in the district25wasand thisedis being spent on the of'
approachee to the Camp.

12. Communications.
\-
Q (a) River. 1947 snw the t"irst real. use of' the river
Chobe as a meana of' transport wben Mr. Ker was given
permission. ta run bis barges up to serondela for the
pceas!ons,Ltdanato Livingstone.mber eut by the Chobe Con­

There is no doubt that any future development of
Crown Lands will turn the Chobe River into a very impor-
tant waterway. ·
_j
(b) Roads. The Chobe Concessions have been in the
course of cutting a new and more direct road from
serondela to Jatuta, which passes a few miles to
the South of Kesane.

keep of t.neT56 miles of' Motorre.RoadibfrODJ Kazungula to
the Victoria Falls. Although they spend an annual
sum of :C1.2..oo& on this roRd i t is still .in a very
rougb state in many places and the journey takes
B!>!'roximately 4 hours.

1' 7 -

12. Communications.(Contd)

(c) Reilwgy.~ The nearest railwey line is at the Victoria
Ff.llls. /The il.N.L.A. have an airf"ield at Kazungula
bJt~his was not kept under repair and no landings were
made~

(d) Air. :1 The nearest air strip is at old Kazungula
~orthern Rhodesia which is frequently used by air~
craft operating from the Victoria FQlls.

The Chobe Concessions,Ltd., have applied
to construct an airfield at Serondela.
(e) Radio: The ~.N.L.A.Ltd et ,~azungul have a 40
Wett Wireless transmitting and receiving set at T~zu­
ngula and ar.e in contact with Francistown twice a day.
All Government Radio messages are sent througb this
station and arrangements can be Œade to speak to the
District Con:missioner .Maun.

(:t) Postai; Kail is received once a week by the Postal
Agent at T.asane and 1t is also despatched once a week.
·o The mails e.re carried to and from Livingstone by a
Lorry belonging to the W.N.L.A,Ltd., for which no cha~e
is made.

(g) Govermnent Transport: .
The only Government motor Vehicle in the
District is that on the cba~e of Mr. Fourie, the
Forest.er at Serondela, who requires it. for his work
in the Foreste.

Tbe District Commissioner and A.L.o. are
therefore witbout transport and until auch time as ~·
Lorry can be provideèl the effieiency of their duties
must necessarily be very much reduced.

13. !!Ieteorological:
i
1 And the mrodn•umand minimmn terroperatures statf!nd rain"talle
j are recoded daily. The following is a comnarative
() ·.1 table showing the rainfall over the past 5 calender years:-
.i
1 Rainfall 1~ 1946
i recorded
at Kas ADe. 25.12 in. 31,.52 in. 22,.49 in.32.24 22,.30 in.

The hotŒst months of the year were October
and November. A tempert>.ture of' 10~ in the shade was
recorded on the llth October and also on the 2nd of
·'j Nover.'!ber.

The minimum temperature wAB 3~ recorded
on the 4th June,l947.

KASANE.
28th. February,l948.

,,
'1

~~··

REF: R/1/59 •
BAFRtMill..t.

CH.OB&_ DIS'l'RIÇI.

PARI' I

GOVERNUENTsrAFF:

District Commissione Mrr.B.A.F.Read was trans~erre from
.,. Lobatsi to assume the duties ot:
District Commiss!oner on lst March.

Police Officer: A/SUpt.F.Wood went on overéeas leave
preced!n ~ransfer in June. He was succeeded
b,ySUb-Insp.D.Chapman, and No.? Police
District(Kasane) came under commana of No.s
District(Maun). Mr.Chapman was replaced in
November b,y Sub-Ins~.R.Maskell.

Livestock Officer: Mr.Xempf was transferred in January. He was
replaced in !!:arch by Mr.L.Watkins, vrbo is
st~tione atd Kazunrula.
Forester: Mr.F.L.Ledehoer continued to hold the post
of Foreater at Serondela.

African st.a:rr: There was no chane-e in the African staff, which
eomprised 1 clerk, 1 messen~er/interpreter,
1 dispenser, 2 gaol-euards, 1 pumper, 2 cattle
auards, and 14 policemen • There were also
22 eovernment employed teachers.

The event which had mçst impnct on the life of the district
was the record floodine wbich reached its peak in &'.arch, when the
river at Kasftne was 17 feet above its normal level. Kachik~u,
andng thetinhabit~nt of suilC ma newswv111~evilsorne 2 miles furtherd.,
south on the !3lopes of the sn.nd ridge. -

Only a very small part of the i'!"ain was saved , both
alon~ the river and at Pandamate~a, wbere ~loodine also occurred
owi~ to the heP.vy rains. The rainfall fer the season at
Kasane was 54 inche5.

PARI' II

Cbapter 1. Pqpulation.
'\
i of men, women,gustand children \vabycvillftgesouand tribalg allegiancers
.~l
to· the respective Arrican Authorities in the district. The total
). African populatton ·was 3,52B. At the year-end there were
34 &iropeans and one fa.mily of 6 Asi•n coloured pe!"sons. Considera­
ble~ nut~Mr sf Batawana returned to Maunduritli the floods.

'l
·i Chapter 2,0ccupations, Hues, Labou.J:_Qrganis'!:~.!.2!!·
The great Œa.jority or Africans live by ploughing and cat- ·
ching fish, There is virtually no stock raising owing to the
incidence of various types of cattle diseftse, Of the remainder,
approxim~t or estimated numbera in other emp1oyment are
shown below:-

Employ~B_~.11.h ~lumber~- Aver-r.eJ!2~t Whegy!~

Government service 50 us.

N.N.L,A, Ltd, 125. :ts.1o.o.

c.n.c. ao. 1/t.o.o

Traders 25 ~. 10. o.

Domestic Service 50 :t.310. o.

OUtside B.P.(Mines
etc.)~]oo Jo. 0· 0

Chapt.er 3. ~blic Finance and Taxation.

The follawi~ ia a table sbowing Revenue collections over
tbe past five years:-

1.95q,
li 54.

Native Tax, 1901., 1410. 1243 .1557. 195q,

Graded Tax 434. 346 358 395 42q.

CUstoms 243. 212. - 65. 24.

Court Fees. 83 7. 330, 107.

Licences. 1~03 1247 924 990 490.

Judicial Fines, 527. 152. 137, 527. 263.

Poll Tax 103. 76. 41. 62. 41,

riiscellaneous 159. S3 1 SOl, 1117.

Cattle Export Tax. 8204. 4636. 3669. 475'3.
Rental.s. ll3 122 122. 65 133.

· The increase in Native Tax is litreely accounted for by the
increase in the tax rate from 2q/- to 40/-. Since Native and
Graded Taxes are normal.ly paid totrether, however, a truer
ptcture of the tax position e&n be gained f'roro the Graded Tax
fleures, which show m increftSe of !3% over 1957.

The decrease in revenue from botb customs and Licences
over the last 3 years ~s due to the closure of the Chobe

Concessions a.."ldcontraction 0f th e c.n.c.;.
The ·m~rke idcreased in Miscellaneous Revenue. over the last
2 years is mainly due to the export of crocodil.e skins by Mr.
Wilmot.

Unfortunately the normal main source of revenue , :from
cattle Export Tax 1 dropped to zero owing to the complete ces~atio n
i. of experts follow1ng Foot-and-Mouth diaease. .

Although revenue from rentals was twice that of 1957, ·
aver~ee p?or 1957 thand 1958prishows a decrease:fromof !23 onttrp~evious
years, owing to the termination of certain leases.

Chapter 4, cwmerce.

S.E.Loizides operated stores at Kacbikau, Qerondela, and
Kazungula, and C.D. c. at Pamama:teOS'a. Until July there were
3 Atrican -owned restaurants, 2 at Kaaane and 1 at Kazulli'ula.
One of the Kasane restaurants closed in July.

Trade was generally depressed owinr to poverty following the
floods. Applications were received for new General Dealers Lice­
nces at Mochenje,. Satau anà Kazungula, wbich are to be beard in
February, _1959.

Ch~ter s. Production:

except in thearairiveropvillft,g'esof cMochenje,ailMasepa, and Mawana,ere
wbere the lands were mainly situated above the nood levet. Thia
led tc a large increase in the number of fish caught, most of
which were sold in Livin~stone.

S,E,Loizides obtained a 9 month trial concession to
export dried fish at a royalty of ld per lb. on· a guaranteed
monthly average ot" not less thm 5 tons of fish. This venture
had ,not started by the end of the year, but is is esti111ated that
it will provide local employment for sorne 40 Afroicll!lB at the ·
outset.

exported 964.Wskins, atha royaltythe oslQ. perocskin. concession,

No cattle were exported, ~i~ to Foot-anà-Mouth
diaease restrictions.

Cbapter S-Socia1 Services:

(1) Education: Therà are no European schools. Af'rican
schools are shawn below:-

rb~t.Piace. standard. Enrolrnent.
.,
,, Kasnne IV 1045
Y.avimba Il 131
Pandaraatengn. .. i4 •
Kazungula v 126t.
Kachikau VI 113,
603- Total enrolmerit.
. Provision was made for the downgrading of Kachikau to
~d.II in the coming year, owing to the drift of the population
away from that village, and the upgradiDi of Kazuniula and .
Kavimba to standard VI, and Satau to standard v. A new scheel
l for Sub,Aa' and Sub Ba' was completed in the river vill~ tfge
·,
Ma.sepa in December and worl commenced on a sirnilar school in the - 4-

builtp at the siter P1of the new villageachikfollowing the floods.'J·re­
Separate tours were carried out by the Education Officer.
North and the Acting Director o~ Etlucation.

(2 J Health:

There is a diapensary at Kaaane in the back of the old ..·i
residency, which is scheduled for demolition. Three beds
were establisbed in an outhouse for serious cases, and in .
. December a prefabricated rondavel was erected by the P.w.n.
to bouse theae beda. SerAoUs cases are taken to Livii'Ji'stone
ho~ital as soon as possible, and arran~emen wtere set afoot
towards the. end of the year, throu~ he D.M.S., f'or a monthly ·.
_visit by a Doctor from Northern Rhodesia. Authority was .
obtained for t.he dispenser. to use his car 'for taurin!' .
employed as an unpaid nnd locum sistero Noto take charge of the
dispensary in his absence. In November she was eŒployed on a
daily ~iilt paid basis for this work.

The 5mallpox epidemie whieh started at the end of"1957
was under control by April, after causin~ 6 deaths and ~tt'fectin!l'
sorne 60 other people. This was followed by ~ whoopiqr cough -
Which resulted in 4 deaths, and some 40 other reported cftSes. ·

The Medicll.l Officer, •aun, paid 2 vista to the district,
accompanied on the second occasion by the D.M.S.
(3) :rrousing:
There are 3 Government -owned &Jropea.nJl" houses at
Kasane, one occupied by the District COmmissioner, one by the
Police Of'f'icer and one, awaiting- de1ll0lit1on, b·· the dispensl\ry.
There are another two at Serondela, one being prepared for
oc~tpation by the Forester, and the other an obsolete one at
present occupied by the Forester.

There are 10 Government•owned Af'rican bouses at Kasane,
4 ctJf burnt -brick and tbatch and the remainder of mud brick a.nd
rond~tvelconsasd 3 burnt brickre hous.esoat Kachikau, prand 2 pret'abricated ·
rondavels and 1 mud and thatch police quartera at Pandamate~a.

There are 21 other European bouses in the district,
owned by W.N.~.A. ,.o.c., and private tndividuals. l':IIDYof
theM are permanently empty or used for only short periode each
yeru-.
W.N.L.A. and C.D.C. have compounds of brick-and-i~on
African quartera at K•zungula Rnd Pandamate~ raspectively. .
Apart from th,ese , the Af'rican huta in the district are predomina­
ntly o~ mud -and reed construction.

out redecorationn Novand minor repaira. l'tolitheroofficesstand Govern,nent.
quartera , both EUropean and African, ln Kaaane and Serondela.

(4) Social ~elf'are:

Despite the failure of the crops. , suprisinfflY few
requests for famine relief mealie menl were received, and were
limited to orphaned schoolchildren. The local headmen .
complained o'fstarvation, l"'ut when asked to submit lists of
.names for the calculetion of the extent of relief mellsures required, .
fniled to do so. A scheme for relief -lft'bourW8S arranged at ·
Panè.amatel12'a1 but the villagers did not have recourse to it.

Permission was given to headmen to nominate hunters for
individuol vill2ges, to shoot specified types and numbers of garr.e
per week for those villagelta who Are prepared to èontribute

ammunition. Twine for fishin& nets was purchased out of Welfare "" 5-

f'unds and distributed amonrst···the river ;md swamp villages.

Chanter ?. Justice~ Police, mnd Prisons,

Tbere is 11g : aol 11:tKasane consi11rtine or two cells end e.
courtyt~r w hich was repaired and reinf'orced by the P.W.D, in
November, There ~~ two gael guards, Amongst other
assistin:, prin roofingur buildings, fmaintaininz tthe Serondelaass and
· airstrip t clearinc tiriit.té and f'encing the Kachikeu police
camp area, and building a new police quarter at Pandamatenga,
..
A return of' criminal statistics is attached,

Police headquarters end radio are at Kasane ,- w::h. posts
at Kachike.u md Pand.-matenge. comm•nded by COrporal&,

Chapter 8- Puhlic Utilities~

There is a pu~-house and 6 x 1 100 gallon tanks which
supplies the Government cernp at Kasane wlth runnine water.
W.N.L.A, have a·pump or their Olfn, The pump bouse was submerged
ta.nkswhad to b@repleced the bylothe .P. .D. beforeer the twate rrsupj,ly .
cou~d be restored , owing to corrosion. One of the 2 pumping
eng~nes was also replaceà,

Chapter SI, Communications:

(1) Postal and Telegraphie~ . was
There is a. Postal Agency at Kasane which ~~ insf)ected by
the ~olier of Posta and Telegrnphs in Novemb@r who su~~ested
transferrine the agency to Kazungula to take advant o~fe~the
W.N.L.A.custom; which is at present carried out via the drivers
in Livingstone, Preliminary negotiations were opened 1ith
W.N.L,A, to secure a suitnble office and postal agent s quarters.
Œhe police radio at Kbaane is in daily contact with Fr«ncistown
coŒmunications •is usUntilor M~ritbere twas daily asradiol contactficial
with the Victoria Falla Police, but since then they have been
unahle to receive Ieasane,. although Kas~ne is·still able to hea.r
them. Wor• commenced on extending·tbe party -lihe telephone
service betvreen Liv:J.ngstone and North Kazungula ecross the
Zambezi to the Wili,L.A. Office et Kazungu1a, B.P. It wa.s
ex-·ected to be completed in January, 19~. W.N.L.A, are in radio
contact with V~un, Francistown and Katimr. '~lilo. There is a
telephone at C.D.c. Panda.matengn. on the Southern Rhodesifln system,

(2) Road:
'N.N.L. A. run a tw!ce weekly pass @nge r , go ods , e.nd mail
service bet\"TeenJ::azunguln and Livitl&'stone, rmd a weekly service .
Serondelaazuand Kav:l.rnba was opened inA nFebruary,atherold a side b-rcadn · .
leading off to Mochenje was opened fater in the year. An up-to-dnte
sketch man bas been prepared , wbowing all the roads in the ·
district, topther w.ith tlJeir condition and mileages betYieen
villages and other pl11.ces of import~nc W e.,.L.A. have repaired
·· the bridge over the river at Ngwezumba, which is now safe for
vehicles again,

(3) Water':
w.N.L.A, rqn a weekly barge service from Kasene to
Katima Mllilo.

(4) Air:
There are two all-weather airstrips tor light aircraft
' at Serondela and. Pandamatenga re·spectively.

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J ' .<ADMIN.SEC OP
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P

Affidavit

1.the undersigned Jonathan Moore Gibson do hereby make·oath and swear that

1. lam an adult resident of Kasane.

2. My parents had a home in Serondella from 1964 until 1972. 1lived in the home
during school and university holidays.

3. Between 1972 and 19831 visited the Chobe National Park and the Chobe District
many times.
,--

L 4. 1have lived permanently on the Chobe from 1983 to the present

5. 1am the Managing Directcr of the Chobe Game Lodge on the banks ofthe Chobe
.River situated inthe Chobe National Park.

The fol!owing statement is written based on my persona! experiences and observations
frol'fl the ear196~ t'tse present.·

ln the nineteen sixties andearly seventies, my parents owned a home atwhat was then
Serondella, a village on the Botswana side of the Chobe RlVer. As Serondella is sorne
twe'nty kilometers westof the town of Kasane, 1from a young age, became very familiar

with thatpart of the Chobe river system Which indudes what was, and is still knownta us
,as Sidudu Island. Sidudu Island is situated onty a few kilometers west of Kasane and
henceon tha.tpart of theriverbetween Kasane and Serondella.

At that limethe boat traffic on the river was limitedtoa few private!y owned motorcraft
based in Kasane, ours in Sercndella and small dugout c.anoes paddled by BaSLibiafrom
both the Botswana and South West Afric:a(Namibia) sides. ln addition there was a large
barge cperated by V\INLA ( Witwatersrand Native Labour Association) to feny people
from Kasane ta Serondella -

My observations from thatperiod are :

i) The fact the Basubia people been split by a colonial boundary WaS of liWe

consequence to the Basubia people themselves. ln the absence of immigration
tacilitiesand other contrais they crossed back and forth at will to trade. seek
employment, to fish, gather reeds, social occasions, to hunt legally and îl!egally
'l etc.
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ii} The northem channel around SidUdu Island was always referred ta as the" Main

Channel ", the southem channel as the " Side Channel p.The reasons were
obvious then and new, the northem ie the main channel was muclt wider deeper
and more direct. The side channel was, and is, only navigable to small craft

operated by pilots who are very familiar wîth the rocks, mud and sahd banks; the
· route aise has more bends and is considered Jessdirect tor fast moving cratt.

iii) Dugout canees riever used the southem side Channel as its narrowness and
shallow sand banks make it ideal habitat tor large numbers of hippos and
crocodile, both constitt.Jtingextreme hazards to vulnerable dugouts.

iv) The WNI.A barge always used the northem or mairi channel due toits relatively
deep draft and lack of maneuverability.

v) At no time did 1ever see any people living on the island, tillîng land or raising
crops, or any other sign of hurnan habitation. · ·

iv) The island was considered by ali to be a part of the Chobe Game Reserve and
thereafter the Chobe National Park; this status was evidenced by the large

L numbers ofwildlife on U1eisland, which contrasted marked!ywith the fast
disappearing resource on the Caprivi Strip side where no effective protection has
ever been afforded to wildlife.

From 1983 to the present 1have c:ome tapennanently live on the banks of the·Chobe
river at the Chobe Game Lodge.

ln 1983, we at Chobe Game Lodge, acquired the" Mosi-oa-tunya "from Victoria Falls.
'The" Mosi-oa-tunya" is a twin engined steel hulled, keeled vessel of some sixteen
meters in length. lt weighs about thirty tons and draws about 0.6 meters ofwater. ln

addition to this cràft we operate eleven o1hersmaller craft, au are used for game viewing
and river transport. As Sidudu Island is sitllated between curselves atthe Ga me Lodge
and Kasane Village our craft operate the routes around the island on a daily basis.

The Chabe seasona\\y floods to a greater or lesser degree each year, the peak tothe
flood is usually sometî n ~he firsttwo weeks of May. By July the water has reŒded;

( the low water regime lasts from then through to January or February of the next year.
During the low water regime itbecomes almost impossible for even the most
experienŒd pilot to navigate the south or side channel w1th the "Mosi-oa-tunya " as

there are a number of areas where there is ïnsufficient water which can result in hull
damage or accidentai grounamg.

VVhilst,as has already been stated, experienced pilots can take our small craft through

the south or side channel at law water, this route is only used for low speed game
viewing trips. On the ether hand, inexperienŒd pilots and those running transport
missions to and from Kasane are atways instructed tc use the northem or ma11'c 1hannel,

this isto minimise the disturbance ta wildlife on the confined southem or side channel
and obviates pctential for hull damage and groundings ::.:
•~ - +.4..+·~. ·--.....119···-·'+
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lt00 8

On the Namibian sideof the northem or main channel at Kasika village is a tourist
operation known as Kings Den. Part ofKings Den's accommodation isprovided in the

"Zambesi Queen ".The" Zambesi Queen n isanchored pe1Tt1anentlyalongside Kings
Den, ris alarge flat bottomed,steel hulled cabin cruisertype craft. ltis 65 meters long,
' aboLit ten·meters wide, itweighs about 90 tons and draws not quite 0.5 meters of water.

This cràf tas manufactured by Gert Visagie at Katima Mulilo in the ear1y 1990's toply
the Zambesi river, as however there was insufflcient trade, itwas brought through the
Kasai Cut onto the Chobe to Kings Den via the northem or main channel. lt new appears

to be permanently anchored there. A craft this size coutd not, during law water, pass
through the southem or side channel as iwould be too long and toc wide to negotiate
the shàrp tums. ln actdmon itwould draw too much water over such a wide beam to

avoid $rounding.

Thus done and sjgned at Kasane this gthday of March 1999 the deponent having

ackndwledged that he understands the purpose of this oath.

1,1'"'::~---- ....--·----- ._..~.
; ~·.:~i"1<.:{-t~· ~~'·:-~~:-....::;~:::~)-
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Commissioner cf Oaths

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AHNUAL REPORT FOR THE YF...AENDING THE ,31at DECEMBER 1954.

PART 1•

.Am~INIS'IRA ~TTIAVEF. 1955 .

.District Connnissioner : Since the 1st of' August,1954 until 11 Aug.55
Sub-Inspector Towell was acting in this
capacity under the guidance of the District
Cormtissioner at Maun.From the 12 th of' Aug
the ~ost was occupied by Sub-Inapector D.
Barraelough.
Veterinaey Of'fi~ carriederion these OfdutiesMruntilB.Che proeeeded V on
lesve to attend a f'urther Course at the
Edinbrough University on 5/1~55.Sinc w hich.
datedthe Vetlh!inar:r Of'ficer at Franoist.own
bas made monthly viaits.The issuing of'
parmi ts and payment of accounts bej.ng done
by the District Commiasioner'a Office.
Government Forrester The Government Forrester stationed at the
Chobe Concessions resigned the Service during
the latter helf' of' the year.The supervision
of' the African Staff haa f'allen to the
District Cammissioner.

~ican Staff'. The District Commissianer's Clerk M.W.Mwisiya
was replaced on his transf'er to Machaneng by
T.M.Seisa from Machaneng. .
The Messenger/Interpreter M.M.Ilukena.
Forrest Guarda T.Setsego,S.Modise,T.Mokwena
M.Monalatsatsi
Cattle Guards s. Nkabo and M.Saubi

The Chobe Timber Concessions Ltd. went into voluntary liquidation
on the 2nd of' June 1955.Since this date very small qJtanti ties of
Timber have been eut.
Panda-ma-Tengand butCahave ceasedes all.Dagriculturalconoperations.o ranch at
The Witwatersrand Native Labour Association continues to recruit
natives for the gold mines f'rom the District.The w.N.L.A. stations in
the District are now almost essentially working as forwarding Depots.

~_ll

Chapter 1.-~at!gg.The Af'rican population of the District has
decreased from 5000 to about 3000 owing largely to the f'act the Chobe
Timber Concessions have closed and that C.D.C. have eut down very
severely on Stafr.The Chobe River being in flood &uring the year
caused serious lasses to the African Farming community end cattle
growers and a large number have moved to areas away from the River.
There are at present only 30 Europeens in the District also due
to transf'ers ·of' Government Servants and the closing and cuuting down
of the various commercial Firms.There are 2 Coloureds in the District.

gaapter 11T Occupation,Wages and Labour Organisation. Schedule is
to foll.ow.
At the moment the largest employees in the District are W.N.L.A.
C.D.C. and Chobe Concessions in this arder.

Chapter 111.- Publie Finance and Taxation.

A table showing the revenue collections duri.ng 1955
t'ollows innnediately hereunder,together with the revenue of' the last
:fi.ve years •.

,.

J .1.25.1 ~ .1.25.2 .1~ 12.2.2'
Native Tex 2764 2190 1631 1901 1/+10
Gradecl Tex 75h 501 lt70 lt3L~ }i1C.

Customs 1.!.50 369 29l•. 243 212
T~icences 1550 1657 1609 1803 ,1247

Court Fees 61 59 58 83 7
Judicial Fines 282 483 435 527 152

Poll Tax 86 71 148 103 76
Miscell.etc 505 289 225 153 8
·,2268 ,.
Cattle Export 2807 4039 8204 4636
B:entale 202 192 123 113 122

Cha pt~! :V. -QQ.l1]11l~!:Q.~.
•rhe two trading stores at Kazangula, the two at Serondellas, the two at
KachikRu and the one at Panda-ma-'J'enga continue to carry on their buAsines
The Trading Store at the Chobe Concessions bas closed conrpletely as also 1
have they closed the:tr Bottle Store.ThP.re are f'ive restaurant licences
in operation in the District.A acedule of' Experts and Imports will be
sent as soon as possible in the future.

Chl!Qter V. - PI:oduction.
For the past three years there have been very poor crops in the area
rrom Masipa to Paraka~mga owing to the ~act thet in 1952 and 1953 the
River flooded the arable land.'During the year 1955 the rainf'all was poor
and came at the wrong t1me or year the erops egain had a v~ry bad setback.

Chapte !:..Yi·- .§.1?.2.lServie es •
No European schools exist in the Chobe District.T~er are six sehools for
Ai'ricans which ceter for all standards up to Std.V1.The Goverrunent
Sehool at Kasane is under construction.
There is no Government Medical Officer at Kasane but minor eilments· are
attenàêd to by residents.Since the closing of' the Dispensar,y at Chobe
Concessions there is no attendance of' a Medical Orderly at Kachikau but
on visita by the D.c. minor illnesses are attended to.WN.L.fl. have a
Dispensary at Kezangula especially f'or their own employees.SeriouA cases
are being sent ta Livingstone.Sinee Au~1st by arrangement with the
Su!'erin tendent of' the At'ri can Hos pital at L vings t one se rios ano chron i c
cases are dealt with by his Hospital f'ree of charge.72 such cases have bee
n sent ta the H 0spi tal including one lunatic and 2 Leppers w.hohave all
been placed in Institutions in Norther.n Rhodesia.
Eu~reans ocoupy about 20 bouses in the District as compared with the 2
thousand occupied by Africans.It is not considered economie to repair
the District Commissioner's bouse at Kssane and the building of a new
bouse is under consideration.
The various oommunities were visited during the year by Ministers of the
The resultaons o~ ithe School Examinations were on the average good and two
Teachers were sucessf'Ul in the Junior National Examination.

Chapter V11.- Justice.Police and Prisons.

A monthly crime return is submitted to the Registrer of' the High Court
at Mafeking. .•,·.
There are two A~rican Warders stationed at KasBBe who have charge of'-the
Gaol which consiste of' two celle and a large Court-yard-.
The Police headquarters in the District are at Kasane and there is a
European Sub-Inspector in charge.There are also Police posts at Kachikau ,
and Pamda-ma-Tenga who are under the chB.rge ef African Corporals.These ·
posta are visited by the District Commissioners and Police Officers at
reguler intervals. ·

Chapter V111. -Public Utilities.

An excellent water supply is maintained f'or Government Servants.The
Vet~rinar yepartment main~atn and run a Barge at Old Kaz.angula t'or the
crossing of cattle going to the Rhodesias for export.

Chapter 1X. - Communications. --~mmunications (Coninued)

: Red:to communicationhone at themrmW.N.I..A.s Stationhe at Kazangulere which baswever,
contact wi th Maun and Francistown end the call s ign of this Ste tion 1.s
ZUC271.Then at Chobe Concessions there is a Ra41bo-Tele'Phone which is
uaed for the Public and that Pirm ond mess~~es are transmitted to
·,.Southern Rhodesia. The c.D. C. at Panda-ma-Tenga have a s imilar service.
,The question of radio communication at Kasane is under consideration.
There are aircraft landing grounds at Chobé Concession and at Panda-ma-
Tenga. ·
" There is a Postal agency at Kasane which is run by the Measenger/
Interpreter under the supervision of the Ddlstrict Commiasioner.
The roaüs between Lesuma and Kachikau are maintained by Government
and W.N.L.A ••
,··
Chapter X. Developement and Research.

Dealt with in Chapters supra.

Chapter X1.- Lands and Surveys.

:j No surveys have been carried out in the District during the Year.

'.i Chapter X11.- N!!.tive·Administration ..

', The formation of' Councils in the District was to sorne extent sucessf'ul
at the commencment but owing to a certèin laxness on the part of' the
Batawane Sub-Chief' these have now ceased.Since the Masubia were told
of' their Reserve they too have become independent ~nd are not in fAvour
or the Federated Council for the two tribes.The two tribes at Panda-ma­
Tenga live in rest~ect# uu]i. on.'1'e Headman of' the Masarawe at Pande­
unconditionellyne a accepted by his t~eoplee asisthe hereditory haa Headmen.
1 Headman Mfanamajaha is still in charge of' the Mananzwa tribe also at
Panda ...ma-Tenga •

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.,, 11
ANNEXTTREA" .

PERSONS IN EMPLOYMFJNTAND AVERAGE RATES OF VVAGES.

OCcuPATIONS AVERAGE AVERAnE
NUMBERS Ri'\TEOF
EMPLOYED ---..--

-------+-·-- ...r•·-··-·- ~-·---
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(A) Goverrunent E 3 .E680 50 None Unknovm
Employment A 39 .E 87 50 nome Unknown
E None Unknown
{B)and Stockre A200 !:,02 60 llone Unknown
,.,
(C) Indus trial E 6 .f;575 48 Workmans Camo• .25%
A300 48 Insuranae&Hosp.
Mines A22fJ 3/-per2~ shi f't 48 As above 2.36% .·

Trade E 2 ???? l-.o. None Unknotm
A 14 1-.o None Unknown
3
(D)Domestic A130 2 60 None Unknmm
Service

Under (A) above these fip,ures include Vet.Dept. 9Porestr,y end
tJmieri(B) above the main emnloyera beinp; Chobe Concessions and
The Colonial Developement Corporation.
Under (C) above the averarre rate of' watre includes Rations
valued et ~2 per men~um . ~
Under (D) ebove rations are supplied valued. at ~2 p.m.

/.7 fTJncler (C)-Minea these 1nclude mine recrni ta f'or bath Gold nnd ·
L Coel Mines.

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1 ADMIN;SEOCP
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1

AFFIDAVIT

L the undersigned

WILLIAM CAMM

do he.rebymalΠoath and swear that;

,J 1.

!
1am;'anadult male businessman, residing at Charleshill village in the Ghanzi

Distnct

2.

Thefacts deposedto herein are, unleotherwi.sestat weih~n my persona!

knowledge, troe and correct.

3.

1 was previouslyemployed by Chobe Concessions(Bechuanaland) Limited a.,t
caterpillar D.W.l 0 Driver and later as a Supervisor in theyear 1954. Annex

herm1 ~yttostimonial frothe Company.
:1
1. 4.

Chobe concessions(Bechuanaland) Limited was a company engaged in the

bus.1zesoffellingtreesfor Timber.
_.!
5.

The~.Com ppaeationsswere at Serondellaalongthe Chobe River.
Ser~n idnowlpara of the Chobe National Park. - ,.

18103 '99 THU 07: 20ITX/RX NO 60041 lgJ0.02 . AU.MlN.S,t;Ut'.
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6.
1
The.timberwe were processingwastransported by barge from Serondellavia 1

Kasane to Kazungula. lt was transported in thefonn oflags not less than _,!•,:_
5OOcm in diameter and8 metres inlength. ,__- .'";--~
- ••f"

7. _:.:

... •
The barge that was used to convey the logswas 9 metres long and 4 metres

wide. It was powered by two big motor engines.
,
L

8.

The barge had a canying capacity of 80 tonnes. At the bifurcation of the
Chobe River around Sedudu Island, the barge a/ways used the Northem

Channel except at times when the water was extremely high when it used the
Southern Channel. Even then, itwas very difficult to manouvre because of the
narrowness and twisted bends of the Channel.

9.

JVhen the water was Jow,the barge was used only along the Northern Channel

for fear that it would run a ground in the Southern Channel which sometimes
. dried up insome parts.

10.

The timber Comp~n cyosed dawn business in 1956 because itwas becoming
difficult to.findtimber that met the specifications requïred in terms of size.

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DEPONENT

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18/03 '99 THU 07:20 [TX/RX NO 60041 ~ 003 . HI/UJ'Yli.OY: lJ.t'A!. J50858 ..-ADMlN.SCP . 141004
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. . . /s 1}f
Thus done and szgned at Gaborone thls...............day ofMarch 1999
the 1eponent having ac/cnow/edgedthat hejully subscribes to the contents of
this affidavit and that he considers theprescn'bedbinding on his
,'
conscience and has no objectiosubscribingthereto.

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~ .c.er O~- /{:>Lrt.E
/<. KAPr"'44 _

18/03 '99TBU 07: 20 [TXIRX NO 6004]lg004 18/03 '99 09:23 FAI 350858
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CHOBE CONCESSIONS tBECI-illANALAND) Ll1.11TED
•••.r9111u.aa-11 '1~...,q.1.::J,. '

stlunm/b.r.s :Y :;P-ri?an .hard'zuooa'.s
c~o•o "'"~~tli:f ... i'I~Gq.. -.CAI=:L..:;~-,
•·LJ.~A!OT SERONOeL.A !:1-ll:nr:6AI:C!UjV.A.,~~
R..NC'DLtTT0 .6~C::HUANAL.ANC F'ROTE':OTORATE.
1Tl:""•'!::·~ P.fll\1'.:.-R2.,efiAC.
L.1vi"06TONO:
~0Rt'w-:;;P~J~~.~,ICOdl;:..

[
J -·\,...-· ...0

resignecl vo~un~arily.

Supervisor.

Tnroughoui:; :-~~ service t.re have aJ.ways f'ourA.. him 't.v L1"3relia."cle,

harà:,.~o~ hoi:esgt, consc!e:rt.ious and capable 2~ can ·.:.il .v:.Jo~

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18/03 '99 THU 07:20 [TX/RX NO 6004] taJoos-:~:--.-...6.-~--
"·--~ AN-1\ÜBIANREGISTE-REDBOKTS

THIRD SCHEDULE
(Regulation5)

REGJSTER OF BOAT REGISTRATIONS

Numbc•· Registration Rcfc•·cncc Full name and Detailsof boat as
Date Ma.·ks Addrcss of owncr rccorded on owners
AssiJ,!;ncd aJIJIIicationfm·m

1 2-1_~10-90 CH 131 John AnnstrongAddison Dinghyout board motorconventionalcolour red/white,madeof
Bo:.501,KatinmMulilo,Namibia fibreglass,-1.3,W=l.7, H=0.6
2 2-l-10-90 CH 132 John AnnstrongAddison Dinghyout board motoroonvenlionalcolourblue, madeof
Box501, Katima Mulilo,Namibia fibreglass,L==..4,=1.7,H=0.65
1
J 2-J-10-90 CH 133 John ArmstrongAddison Dinghyoui board motorcom·entionalcolourorange/greymadeof 1
Box50l, Katima Mulilo,Namibia fibreglass,3.8, W=1.5,H=O.S '
2-J-10-90 CH 13-J John ArmstrongAddison Dinghyout board motorcotwentionalcolour orange/greymadeof
"' Box501, Katima Mulilo,Namibia fibreglass,L=3.8W=l.5, H=O.S

5 H-10-90 CH 135 John Annstrong Addison Dinghyoui board motorcon\"entionalcolour orange/greymadeof
Box501, KatimaMu1ilo,Namibia fibreglass,L=3.8,=1.5,H==0.5
6 H-10-90 CH 136 John Annstrong Addison Dinghyout board motorconventionalcolour orange/greymadeof

Ba:.:501, KatimaMulilo, Namibia fibre_glas, =3.8, W=1.5,H=0.5
7 H~I0~90 CH IH John ·Annstrong Addison Dinghyout board motor com·entionalcolour orange/greymadeof
Box501, KatimaMulilo, Namibia fibreglass,=-4.3W, =1.7,H=0.6
8 H-10-90 CH 137 John AnnstrongAddison Dinghyout board motorcom·entîonalcolourorange/greymadeof

Bo.x501, KalimaMulilo, Namibia fibrcglass,L=.8. W=1.5,H==0.5
9 2-J-10-90 CH 138 John ArmstrongAddison · Dinghyout board motorconventionalco1ourorange/greymadeof
Box501, KatimaMnlilo,Namibia fibrcglass,L=J.S, W1.5 H=0.5 1

Ill 2-1~10-90 CH 139 John ArmstrongAddison Dinghyout board motorcom·entionalcolourorange/greymadeof !
Box501. Katima Mulilo,Namibia fibrcglnss,L=.J.8,W=0.9,H==0.5
J1 2-l-10-90 CH l-40 John ArmstrongAddison Dinghyout board motorcon\'entionalcolourorange/greymadeof
Box 501, KatimaMulilo,Namibia fibrcglass,L=..J.8,W=0.9,H=0.5

12 H-10-90 CH 1-41 John ArmstrongAddison Dinghyout board motorconvcntionalcolour orange/greymadeof
Box501, KatimaMulilo,Namibia fibrcglass,L=..JW=0.9, H=0.5
IJ 1-11-90 CH 1-42 G. A.Booker Dinghyoutboardcngine,con\"cntionalcoloursih·er,L-..J.2,
W=1.8, H"'J.I
HA Tru_!I!St Johannesburg --- THIRO SCHEDULE
(Regulation5)

REGISTEROFBOAT REGISTRATIONS

Numbcr Rcgistnttion Rcfct·cncc Full namc and Dct:lilsof boat as
Date Marks Address of owoc1· rct:ordeon owncrs
Assigncd aJ!IIIicationrm
1~ H·I0-90 CH 125 John Annstrong Addison Dingh)·outboardcnginc,con,·entionalcolour orange/grey, made
Box 501, KatimaMulilo, Namibia of fibrcglass,L""·U, W=1.7,H=0.6

15 H-10-90 CH 12Ci John Annstrong Addison Dinghyoutboardenginc,conventionalcolourorange/gre)·,made
Box 501,Katima Mulilo, Nmnibia of fibreglass,L=-1.3,W17,H=0.6
16 2-1-10-90 CH 127 John Annstrong Addison Dinghyoutboardengine,con\"entionalcolour black, madeof
Box 501, KatimaMulilo, Namibia rubber,L=3.7,W=l.6,H=0.45
17 2~-10-90 CH 128 John Annstrong Addison Dinghyoutboardenginc,conventionalcolourblue/white, madeof
Box 501,Katima Mulilo, Namibia fibrcglass, L=3.8,W=1.5,H=0.5

18 2~-10-90 CH 129 John Annstrong Addison Dirighyoutboardengine,con\"entionalcolour orange/grey,made
Box 501, Katima Mulilo,Namibia ortibreglass, L=-U, W=l.7, H=0.6
19 2-1-10-90 CH 130 John Annstrong Addison Dinghyoutboardengine,cmwentionalcolour grey, madeof
Box 501, KatimaMulilo, Namibia aluminium,L=5.6,W=l.9, H=0.65
20 6-6-91 CH 155 Bernard S.Sitengu Dinghydrivenby OBMEcon\"entionalhull madeof fibreglass,

Box 287, Katima Mulilo, Nmnibia colom wholl\·white withretrim,L=~.5 W .=I.7, H=OA6
21 CH 156 Jacobus Visagae
KatimaMulilo
22 10-7-1}2 CH053 Alexanderdonald Lake Dinghy,OBMEdrh·endouble hullmadeof fibreglass, L=3.1,
39 DickensAvenue,Orkney2620 W=1.2,H=0.75,colour white/blue

RSA
23 22-12-93 CH 187 Africa Carriero Ski Boat, OBMpropcllcd,colourblue with lightblue !ines,red
Box 30, Stella, RSA line,white line,con\"cntionalhull made offibreglass, L=6.00,
W=2.00, H=2.00
24 26-R-92 CH 156 G. Jacobus Visagie Catamnmlmuse, propelled by in board motor,hull catamaran
Bo.x98, Katima Mulilo, Namibia madeof steel, L=..5,W=8,H=1.2,colour black

25 CH007 G. Jacobus Visagic Type, Dinghy,propellcdby OBMconvenlional hull madeof
Bo:x98, Katima Mulilo, Namibia aluminium,L=9, W=2,H=0.8,colour aluminium (unpaintcd)
26 CH009 G. JacobusVisagie Type, Innatable dinghy, hullcalamaran (\·inol)made of
Box 98, Katima Mulilo,_Namibia rubbcr/plastic,L=·t5, W=1.5,H=0.45,colouryellow

2...:;-.--. . .....
THIRD SCHEDULE
(Regulation 5)

REGISTEROF BOAT REGISTRATlONS

Numhcr Regisiniion ·Rcfc•·cncc Full namc and Details of hm1as

Date Marks Add•·cssof owncr n."Cordcdon owncn
Assh.oncd annlication form
27 CH010 G. Jacobus Visagic Type, Ferry,propcllcd by inboard motor, hull, flat bottom madeof
Box 9H, Katinta Mulilo, Namibia steel, L=13,W=3, H=1.200,colour black
CH 212
28 H-2-9J R.F. Herbst Dinghy, hull shaped con\·entional made of libreglass, W=4,,
Shadow Court, Famona Eulaways, H=2, colour white/yellow,OBM propelled
Zimbabwe
29 14-10-93 CH 175 PetrusPaulFerreira T~ve Sk,iboaOBM propelled,colourbluelg&ewhite,sizeL=-450,
21 ElandST.Box733,LouisTriclwrdt W=-1.90,H=0.60,conventionalhullmad!fwood & fibrel!.lass
30 17-12-93 CH 239 Barry Graham McGracar Type, Dinghyout board motor engine propelled, L=15.6, W=1.8,

20 WclkonST, Klopper Park JHB H= 1.0,coloured·~re\ nad,e conn!ntionalibre~lass
31 19-5-9.l CH 2-19 Picter Bestcr Rubberdinghy, OBM propelled, L=-U7, W=l.52, H=0.61,
Palm Street Box 70, Pietersburg, cml\"cntionalhull made ofrubber colour black
RSA

32 14-12-9-1 CH 253 Mark Ste,·enColvin Type, Canoe, hand/oar driven, colour white/red, L=3.0, W=0.5,
263 Gra\'Park Road Bluff, RSA H"""0.-1h,ull com·entionalmade of fibreglass
33 5-7-94 CH 298 Gordon Gravfield Outboard molorengine, dinghy, made of fibreglass, hull shapcd
Kalizo.Fishi.ngLodge, Katima conYcntionalcolour is blue & white, L=.W=\.1, H=0.6

Mulilo (Yamaha)
34 7-7-94 CH 297 GordonGrayfie!JBranlielJ Outboard motor engine, made of fibrcglass, 75 HP marine shape
491.ChironiaA\"enue,HeldcKurin, com·cntionalcolour is sih·er& maroon, L=4.0, W=l.8, H=0.5
RoodejJort ut1726,RSA
35 13-7-95 CH 267 Wi\JemStmyf L=5.-IO,W=2.10, H=1.0, Motor boat, OBM yellow & white

Box R6,Katima Mulilo, Namibia fibre~ mJads,com·entionalshnped
36 7-11-95 CH 271 Zambczi Qucen Type, Puni, con\"entionalhull made of aluminium, colour Alm.
Box 98, KatimnMulilo. Namibia UnpaintcdOBM drivcn, L=6.10, W=1.90, H=0.45
37 7-11-95 CH 272 Zambezi Queen Type, Punt, com·cntionalhull made of aluminium, colour plain

Box 98, Katima Mulilo, Namibia aluminium OBM dri,·en, L=5.0,W= 1.80, H=0.-15 1
38 7-11-95 CH 273 Zambezi Queen Type, Punt, com·entionalhull made of aluminium, colour Alm.
Box 98, Katima Mulilo, Namibia ·Unoaintcd OBMdrivcn, L=6.10, W=1.90, H=0.45

3 THIRD SCHEDULE
(Regulation 5)

REGISTER OF BOAT REGISTRATIONS

Numhcr Rcgistnttion Reference Full namc and Details of buat as

Date Marks Addrcss ofowncr rccordcd on owncrs
Assil!ncd atliJiicationfnrm
39 7-11-95 CH 280 Zambczi Quecn Type, PontoonCOE\\·entionhlull made of fibreglass, colour white
Box 98, Katima Mulilo, Namibia & blue,V==3.10 , =2.00, H=0.50hand driveni.e. bpaddles
-10 7-ll-95 CH 281 Zambczi Queen Type, Pontooncon\"entionalhull made of fibrcglass, colour white

Box 98,Katima Mulilo, Namibia & blue, L=3.70, W=2.00, H=0.50, handdriven i.e. bypaddles
-Il 7-11-95 CH 282 Zambezi Queen Type, Canoc, convemionallmll made of fibreglass, colour of
Box 98,Katima Mulilo, Namibia white, L=3.00, W=0.700,H=O.JOOh , and/paddledriven
-12 13-3-96 CH 292 ZmnbcziQuccn Type, Puni,OBM propelled hull made of aluminium, colour of
Box 98, Katima Mulilo, Namibia unpainted aluminium, L=6.10, W=l.90, H=0.45

-13 -1-7-96 . CH305 G. Jacobus Visagie Type, Puni, hull shape, conventionalmade of aluminium, colour
Box 98, Katima Mulilo, Nantibia unpaintcd ALM DimensionL=7.1, W"'.90,H=OA5
.u 21-9-96 CH 32.1 Trcnley C. Van Sluys Type, Dinghy,shape withcotl\'entional,hullmade of rubber,
3 Berg ST Luderitz, Namibia
dinghy (Hypcrlow),colour red strip and blue, dimension L=3.5,
W=.900, H=.500, methodOBM engines
-15 . 27-9-96 CH 326 Leonard Hcnr ~recnway Type, Dinghy hullshape, com·entionalmade fibreglass,
StandNo. 823, KalimaMulilo, dimension L=7.J,W=1.52,H=0.55, colour red
Namibia

~6 21--1~97 CH3-tO JonathanL. Nyambe Type, Dinghy,outboard enginehullshaped conventional, made
P.O. Kasika Village, Namibia of fibreglass, colour white L=J.951.80,H=0.600 1
-17 20-2-98 CH 361 RobertS. Sitengu Type, Dinghy,shape of hull, convcntiona1made of fibreglass,
Box-190,Katima Mulilo colourcremn, L=I.J, W=.i51, H=0.60

~8 22-4-9& CH 36~ Lubinda J.Nyambe Type, dinghy,made of fibreglass, hull con\'cntionalcolour white
Box 189, Ngwczi Kalium Mulilo and red, L=3.65, W=I.JO, H=0.315
49 12-11-98 CH370 ZmnbeziQueen T~·p S!CCdboat, cotwcntionalmade of aluminium, colour
Bm.:98, Katima M1JiilO aluminium sih·er,dilncnsionL=8.0, W""2.0,H=O.JO
·...

-1 tfllRD SC~IEDÛLE

(Regulation 5)

REGISTER OF BOAT REGISTRATZONS

Numhcr Rcgistr<io.t Reference Fullnamc and Detailsof ho:1as
Date Mat·k!i Addrcss of ownc•· •·ccm·dcdon .m,·ncrs

Assigned a11Jllicationrm
50 2-2-88 CH090 John Edward Mallhce Ski boat, outboard enginc com·entional, fibrcglass, white and
Box 98, Katima-Mulilo, S. W. A blue,L::4.9, Wl.5, H=l

51 1.1.-9-90 CH 116 John Annstrong Addison Canoe, Paddle drh·en L=.l-.8,W=0.9, H=0.5, conventional, colour
Kalizo Camp, Katima Mulilo orange/white
52 1.1.-9-90 CHII7 John Annstrong Addison Ca1me, Paddlc driven L=.l-.8,W=0.9, H=0.5, conventional, colour
Kalizo Camp, Katima Mulilo orange/white

53 1-l-9-90 CH 118 John Annstrong Addison Canoc, Paddle dri\·en L=4.8, W=0.9, H=0.5, conventional, colour
Kalizo Camp, Katima Mulilo oran~e/white

----

·.1

5 -,

1

.· ._-..---..:.
BOTSWANAREGISTERED BOATS

THIRDSCHEDULE
(Regulation5)

REGISTEROFBOATREGISTRATIONS

Numhet· Registratinn Reference Fullname and Detailsof boat as
Date Marks Addrcss of owner rccorded on owners
Assitned annlication form
1 20-2-87 CHOOI KennethPatricCarr-Har (tlte~·
DinghyOutboardEngineColourdarkgreyllightgreyblue/white
79) Box55, Kasane Con\"entional,Fibreglass.L=4.4W=1.9H=0.65
2 20-2-87 CH002 GunnerHelgeHaniger Houseboat,outboardmotorengineL=l0.95"=2.35,H=l.45
Box32, Kasane Conventionalhull,colour whitemadeofsteel
3 20-2-87 CH003 ChobeGameLodge CanoeHanddrken paddles. L=5.3,W=0.75,H=0.30
Box 32,Kasane Conventionalhull,madeof fibreeJasscolourwhite
.j.
20-2-87 CH 00~ JonathaMooreGibson Dinghy,cutboardenginedri\·en. L=W==1.2H=0.45
Box32,Kasane ConYentionalhullmadeoffibreglass,colourwhite.
5 20-2-87 CH 005 ChobcExplomtions(Ply)Ltd Rh·cr Cruiserlnboardenginedrive. L=16.5,W=3.4,H=1.5
Box32.Kasanc conventionalhull,madeof steel colourwhiteand black.
6 20-2-87 CH006 ChobcExplorations(Pty)Ltd Dinghy,outboardenginedriveL=~. 3,=l.S, H=O.S

Box 32,Kasane conYentional hull,madeof fïbretlass, colourbrownon beige.
7 20-2-87 CH007 ChobcExplorations(Ply)Ltd Dinghy,outboardenginedriYen.L=·U, W=l.S, H=O.S
Bo:-:2,Kasane conYentionalhull,madeoffibreglass, colourbrown on beige.
8 20-2-87 CH008 AloisKamhara Dinghy,oulboardenginedriven. L=4.3,W=l.S, H=O.S
Bo:x1-16, asane com·cnlionalhull.maoffibre~ loourbrownon beige.

9 20-2-87 CH009 ChobcExplorations(Pty)Ltd Dinghy,outboardenginedrh·en. L=·U, W=1.5,H=O.S
Box 32.Kasanc con,·entionalhull,madeoffibreglass,colourbrownon beige.
JO 20-2-87 CH010 ChobcExplonttions(Ply)Ltd Dinghy,outboardengincdriven. L=4.3,W=l.S, H=O.S
Box32,Kasane cmwentionalhull,madeoffibreglass, colourbrownon beige.
Il 20-2-87 CHOII PeterGordonHepbum Dinghy,outboardenginedriven. L=·US, W=l.76, H=O.S

Plot 345,KasanCIO P/BagK4 cotn-cntionalhull,madeoffibreglass, col&uwhite.
12 20-2-87 CH012 Abercrombie& Kent Dinghy,oulboardcngincdriven. L=7.00,W=I.80,H=0.60
P/BagK46,Kasane convcnlionalhull.madeofaluminium,m1oainted.
13 20-2-87 CH013 DominicO.Diau Dingy,outboardcnginedri,·L=·t~ WO=I.90, H=0.650
Bo.x~5.Kasane com·entiona\hull,madeof fibree.lass,colorwhite/blue. THIRDSCHEDULE
(Regulation5)

REGISTEROF BOATREGISTRATIONS

Number Regi siraiion Reference Fullname and Details of boat as
Date Marks Add•·essor OWOCI' Recordcd on Olmers
Assiencd 8JIJJiicationform

14 20-2-87 CHOJ4 JanE\·anVanWyk Dinghy,outboardengined.riven.L=3.9,W=l.74, R=OAI
Box 5,Kasanc con\·entionalhull,madeof fibr~g lolsurb,lue/white.
20-2-87 JanE\·anVan Wyk Canoe,handdrivenpaddles. L=J.O,W=0.75,R==0.50
15 CHOIS
Box5, Kasane com·entionalhull,madeof Fibreglass,colourblue.
16 20-2-87 CHOIG Janhan Yan Wyk Dinghy,outboardenginedriven. L=4.2,W=1.3, H=0.75

Box5, Kasanc com·entionalhull,madeof fibreglass,colourred/white.
17 20-2-87 CHOI7 KubuLodgc Dinghy,outboardenginedriven. L=4,W;,1.7,H=O.J
Box43, Kasane com·entionalhull,madeoffibreglass,colourbeige/topred

18 20-2-87 CH018 KubuLodge Dinghy,outboardenginedriven. L=4.0,W=l.7, H=O.J
BQ~ ~l Kasane conventionalhull,madeof fibreglass,colourbeige/topred
19 20-2-87 CHOI9 'T<.ubtodge Dinghy,outboardengined.riven.L=3.2,W=I.J, H=O.JS

Box43, Kasane conventionalhull,rnadeof fibreglass,colourwhite/topvellow
20 30-5-94 CH020 Steffan Duplessis Dingy,outboardenginedriven. L=5.1,W=l.9, H"'0.9

l Box266, Kasam ~ .plessissold it com·entionalhull,madeof fibreglass,colourwhite/topblue.
toDickGogesold itto A Mulongo
21 20-2-87 CH021 PeterGordonHepbum Canoe,handdri\"en(paddles). L=4.6,W=l.l, H=0.4

(not printed) Plot345,Kasane. Sa,·as Store Bag K4 con\'entionalhull, madeof Fibreglass,colourblue.
22 20-2-87 CH022 XW Dcpartmentof WatcrAITairs Dinghy,outboardcngine.L=5.6, W=1.85,H=0.65conventional
HydroMaun,P!Bag0019 Gaboron~ hull, madeofaluminium,colourblue.

23 20-2-87 CH023 ChobeSafari Lodge Kayak,band dlh·en(padd.les).L=5.0,W=O.S,H=O.J
Box 10, Kasane com·ent.ionalhull,madeof Fiberglas,colourwlùtelblue.

24 20,.2-87 CH024 ChobeSafari Lodge Dinghy,outboardengincdriven. L=4.7,W=2.2,H=0.8
Box 10, Kasane cmwentionalhull,madeof fibrcglass,colourwhite/vellow
25 20-2-87 CH025 ChobcSafari Lodge Kayak,handdri\"cn(paddles). L=5,W=0.5,H=O.Jcon\"entional

Box 10, Kasane hull, madeof fibreglass,colour white/\'ellow

,1· ......
,·, t'.•' ~ .'~· .l
••••l•1 :~. .~--;·. ._;· . . :~ 1•• •·.'2 .···. ··1· '~,,---~~·_,_-

THIRD SCHEDULE
(Regulation 5)

REGISTER OF BOAT REGISTRATIONS

Numhcr Rcgistmtiun Reference Full name and Details of boat as

Date Ma•·ks Address of owner Recorded on owners
Assiltned A11111Îcationorm
26 20-2-87 CH026 Chohe Safari Lodge Dinghy, outboard engine driven. L=·U, W=1.6, H=O.7
·Box 10, Kasane
conventional hull, made of steel, colour white.
27 20-2-87 CH 027 Chobe Safari Lodge Canoe, hand driven (paddles). L=5.0, W=0.75, H=0.3
Box 10, Kasane conventional hull, made of fibreglas, colour white.

28 20-2-87 CH028 Chobe Safari Lodge Dinghy, outboard engine dri\•en. L=3.3, W=1.3,H=0.4
Bo.>.:0, Kasane Conventional hull, made of fibreglass, colour whilel,·eJJow.
29 20-2-87 CH029 Chobe Safari Lodge Dinghy, outboard engine driven. L,;,3.75, W=1.55, H=OAO

,. Box 10,Kasane conventional hull, made of fibreglass, colom white/red.
30 20-2-87 CHOJO Chobe Safari Lodge Dinghy, outboard engine dri\·en. L=·U, W=l.6, H=0.7
Box 10,Kasane conventional hull, made of steel, colour white.

31 20-2-87 CH 031 Chobe Safari Lodge Dinghy, outboard engine driven. L=·U, W=l.6, H=0.7
Box 10, Kasane conventional hull, made of steel, colour white.
32 20-2-87 CH 032 LouisMynhardt Dinghy, outboardengine drh"Cn. L~3. 9,=L9, H"'0.7 .1
1
Plot 78, Kasanc. com·cntional hull, made of fibreglass, colour white/red.
33 20-2-87 CH 033 William Vos Dinghy, outboard engine driven. L=-1.4,W=1.9, H=0.75.
Chobe S!Lodge, Box 10, Kasane conventional hull, made of fibreglass, co\our white/red.

3-J 20-2-87 CHOJ.J Peter Gcldcnhuis Dinghy, outboard engine driven. L=-1.4,W=1.9, H=0.75.
Cio Chobe Saf.1riLodge Box 10, com·entional bull, made of fibreglass, colour white/red.
Kasane

35 20-2-87 CH 035 Kc\·en Chad"ick & John Tugwe\1 Dinghy, outboard engine driven. L=4.35, W=L75, H=0.80.
Box 10, Kasane con,·entional hull, made of fibreglass, colour white.
36 20-2-87 CH 036 Chobe Sathri Lodge Pontoon, outboard engine driven. L=S.O,W=3.4, H=3.6 double

Box 10, Kasane hull, made of steel, colour brown with green frame.
37 20-2-87 CH 037 Hillcgonda Chadwick Sailboard, Winddriven (sail)L=3.9, W=0.65, H=O.IO. Flat hull,
Plot 78, Kasane. C/o Box 10,Kasanc ll'ladeof fibreglass, colour white.

3 THIRD SCHEDULE
(Regulation5)

REGISTEROFBOAT REGISTRATIONS

Numbcr Rcgistration Refct·cncc Full namc and Details of boat as

Date Marks Address of owncr Rccorded on owners
Assi2ncd AIJIJiicationform
38 20-2-87 CH038 Kcren Chadwick Kayak,handdriren (paddles). L=-1.2,W=0.8,H=O.J

Box 10,Plot 78, Kasane convenlionallmll, madeof fibreglass, colour white/red.
39 20-2-87 CH039 Keith Joubert Innatable Rubber,Dinghy,outboard engine driven.·L=2.9,
Cio Box 10,Plot 78, Kasanc W=J.1, H:OJ5, com·entionalhull, made ofrubber, colourred.

.JO 20-2-K7 CH0-lO Keith Joubert House Boat,outboardenginedriven. L=7.8, W=5.2,H=2.70.·
Cfo Box 10,Plot78, Kasanc conventionalhull, madeofsteel, colour green.
-Il 23-10-95 CH0-11 ChobeSafari Lodgc Dinghy,outboardenginedriven. L=4.7, W=2.l, H=0.7.

Plot 78 or Box 10,Kasane conŒntional hull,madeoffibreglass, colour white/blue.
42 20-2-87 CH0-12 HowardThomas Warhurst Dinghy,outboardenginedri\'en. L=JJ, W=l.3, H=0.-10 1 r
P/Bag K3, Kasane. com·entionalhull, madeof fibreglass, colour blue/white.
.f3 10-.J-89 CH0-lJ Norman Edward West ·Dinghy,outhoardenginedriren, L=J.3, W=1.3,H=0.40

Cio Taurus Batteries,Bo....1.19Gabs conventionalhull, madeoffibreglass, colour blue/white.
..... 20-2-87 CH o.u Robert lan Bumie Dinghy,outboardenginedri,·en. L=-1.3,W=l.7, H""0.55
Nungwe Farm, Box 5, Kasane . con\·entionalhull, madeoffibreglass, colourb1ue/while.

45 30-6-89 CHO.f5 John Thomas Gibson Punt,outboardenginedriven. L=5.0, W=2.0,H=O.S,
No.Il Monarch, Francistown conventionalhull, madeof fibreglass, colour white
Box 10032,Tatitown j

-16 20-2-87 CH0-16 Ben Moller Dinghy,outboardenginedriven. L=4.3, W=1.7,H=0.55
PandamatengaFanns, Box5 Knsan~. com·entionalhull, madeoffibreglass, cotour redfwhite.
-17 17-3-87 CHO.f7 PieterJoubert Dinghy,outhoardengine driven. L=5, W=1.85,H=0.65
P/Bag 3, Kasane
com·entionalhul1,madeoffibreglass colour white withbluetop
48 20-2-87 CHO-lS WildlifeServices Botswana Dinghy,outboardenginedriven. L=J.O,W=3.0, H:=0.5
KazungulaCrocodileFarm COII\'eitnalhull, madeof fibreglass, colour white.
Box 109,Kasane

-19 20-2-87 CH0-19 Daryl Dandridge, Cio box 11, Dingh ~utboardengine driven. L=3.85, W=I.40, H=0.50
Kasane.ExoticTimbers Pandam~t. c:Jmn!ntionalhull madeofaluminium, colour sih·er. 1

-.··

;,..
.~.' • jt.:~.... ~,.· ·'' 4 ;" .;- '':..· THIRD SCHEDULE
(Regulation5)

REGISTEROF BOAT REGISTRATlONS

Numbe•· Rcgistration Rcfc!"ence Full namc and Detailsof boat as
D:IIC Mal"kS Address ofowner n.'Curdedon ownci"S
Assigncd armlication form

50 20-2-87 CH050 TenyKnobel CabinCruiser,outboardenginedrh·en. L==.tAW=l.8, H=0.7
C/o Michael Slowgrove, Box.109, com·entional hull, madeoffibreglass,colour blue.
Kasane
51 2-2-89 CH051 XW Dcpartment of Water Affairs Dinghy,O.B.M propelled. L=5.5,W=1.9,H=0.9, conventional
P. O. Box26, Kasane tmll,madeofaluminium,unpainted.

52 20-2-87 CH052 X Departmentof lmm.igration Dinghy,outboardengine driven. L"'3.l, W=l.25, H=0.4 1
Box942, Gaborone con\·entionalhull, madeoffibreglass,cotour wh.ite.
53 3-R-92 CH 05-l Du\'idRor Cohen Dinghyoutboard motorengine, L=-1.6,W=1,8,H=0.8,
B11gF78,SuaPan,H/No299Frfo\\11 con\·entional hull, madeoffibreglasscolour white & blue 1

5-J 27-9-93 CH055 PaulKgosidintsi Dinghyoutboard engine,L=5.4, W=l.8, H=0.69,conventional
Box 10137,Gaborone hull, madeofaluminium,colour champagne gold
55 18-8-92 CH 056 WilliamRobert James Dinghy,outboardenginecathedralhull, madeoffibreglass,
Box 206, Kasane L=.J.02, W=1.6,H=.85,colour wh.itewith blue flash
56 20-2-R7 CH056 XP Commissionerof Police Dinghy,outboardenginedriven. L=3.75, W=l.35, H=0.59

Private Bag0012, Gaborone com·enliona)hull,madeoffibreglass, colour red.
57 17-3-87 CH057 LouisDaniel Jordan Mulder Dinghy,outboardenginedriven. L=4.1, W=1.6,H=0.4 1
Bo.x136,Kasane com·entionalhull, madeoffibreglass,colour white/orange.
58 17-3-87 CH058 VictorJolmHaskins Walsingham Dinghy,outboardenginedriven. L=3.5, W=1.0,H=0.35

Plot938, Tati River Plots con\·entionalhull, madeoffibreglass, colour white/blue.
P. O. Box 198, Francistown 1
59 17-3·87 CH059 C.P.J Van Vuuren Dinghy,outboardenginedriven. L=.t.J, W=1.8,H=0.50
Plot78, Kasane com·entional hull, madeoffibreglass,colour white/red.

60 6-7-89 CH 060 MichaelSidney Slogrove Dinghy,outboardcnginedri\·en. L=3.2, W"'L35,H=0.42
Plot K1/85,Kazungula conventionalhull, madeoffibreglass, colour white/blue.
61 17-3·87 CH061 AndyDu Toit RowingBoat, outboardengincdri\'Cn.L=J.J, W=1.2,H=0.56
L__ Box 29-J,Francistown conventional hull, madeoffibreglass,colour white. ..___j

i'
5 THIRD SCHEDULE

(Regulation5)

REGISTEROF BOAT REGISTRATIONS

Nurnber Registratiun Rdcrcnce I<"ullamc ami Detailsof boat as
Date Marks Add•·essof owncr rct:ordcdn owncrs
Assigned 3JJJIIÎcationform
62 17-3-87 CH062 KhalcdBhamjee Dinghy,outboardcnginedrh·en. L""3.8,W=LS, H"'0.80

P. O. Box 13,Mahalapye con\"cntionalhull,madeof fibreglass,colourwhite/blue.
63 17-3-87 CH064 NigelAshby Dinghy,outboardenginedriven. L=4.6,W=1.6,H=0.70
Nata Lodgc,P/Bag 10, Francistown com·entionalhull,madeof fibreglass,colourJ"ellow/white. 1
6.,1. 5-5-87 CH065 Carl SpencerNeethling Dinghy,OBMEdri\'en. L=5.10, W=l.O, H""1.5,conventional

P. O. Box 10,Kasane hull,madeof fibreglass,colour: Lightblue, with red/blueblack
with Ublue stripes. 1
65 19-3-87 CH066 WillemJacobusVos Dinghy,outboardenginedriven. L""3.5,W=l.7, H=0.65
Box 160,Kasane com·entionalhull,madeof fibreglass,colour}'ellow.

66 19-3-87 CH067 Peter Wood Dinghy,outboardenginedriven. L=4.5, W=1.7,H=l
Tati Plots- Francistownc/o Chobc con\·cntionalhull, madeof fibreglass,colourwhite/yellow.
SafariLodge,Box 10,Kasane
67 19-3-87 CH068 AllanSmith Dinghy,outboardenginedri\"en.L=2.7, W=U, H=0.5
MotelMarang, Frmldstowndo Chob~ conventionalhull,madeof fibreglass,colourwhite/red.

Safari l<>BoxlO,Kasane
68 19-3-87 CH069 TerencePriee Dinghy,outboardenginedriven. L=-1.7,W=I.S, H=l.l
Tati Plots- FrancistO\mdo Chobe conventionalhull,madeof fibreglass, colourwhite.
SafariLodge,Box 10,Kasane

69 6-.,1.-87 CH070 Eugcne Kotze Motor Boat,outboardenginedriven. L=3.4, W=1.76 H""0.58,
Prh·atcBag 1-1, alapye com·entionalhull,madeof fibreg coaosryellow.
70 6--1-87 CH07l GcoiTreyHeinrich Dinghy,ontboardenginedriven. L=4.0,W=l.6, H:=l.O
Bo:-;10275,FrancistO\m com·cntionalhull,madeof fibreglass,colour white.

71 26-3-87 CH072 Dcrcrk John Wilson MotorBoat,outboardenginedrh·en. L=3.66,W=1.22H=0.61,
P.O. Bo:-;27, Francistown con\·entionalhull, madeof fibreglass,colour white,top vanished
wood - ~ ~
--

\.·· -
6 i THIRDSCHEDULE
(Regulation5)

REGISTEROF BOAT REGISTRATJONS

r Numhcr Rcgish·ali111. Rdcrcncc Full namc and Details ofboutas
Date Marks Adtlress of owncr recm·dcdon owners
Assi2ned allttlication form
72 13·-'·87 CH073 GeoffreyMatson Ne,·ille Dinghy/Rowing,oars & outboard enginedriven. L=2.8, W=l.l,
Box3, Selibe-PI1ikwe H=0.6,conventionalhull, madeof fibreglass,colour red/white.
73 13-4-87 CH074 D.Gillespie Dinghy,hand,outboardengine,oars & paddledriven. L=3.5,

P. O. Box2331,Maunatlala, W=1.2,H=O.S,conventionaJhull, madeoffibreglass, colour top
SclibcPhikwc red/whitebottom.
7-1 13-4-87 CH075X Dcpartment of Wildlife& National Dinghy,hand& outboard enginedriven. L=-1.43,W=l.75,
Parks, Box 17,Kasane H=0.-13conventionalhull, madeofaluminimn, coJoursilver grey
with irree;ularpatcheson blueinsidc.

75 13--'-87 CH076X Departmentof WildLife& National Dinghy;driven,outboardengine& handdri,•en L=4.88, W=1.86,
Parks,Box17,Kasane H-=0.69,conventionalhullaluminiummakecolour;silver grey
with blue patchesinside
76 J5--'-87 CH077 Cedrio AlfredBenningficld Cabincruiscr,driven;OutboardengineL=-'.2,W=2.0,H 1.5
P.O. Box287,Orapa cotl\"entionalll, fibree.lassmakecolour;white
27-5-87 CH 078 ChobcGameLodge
77 Spcedboatdri\"en,outboardengine.L=-'.75,W=1.8, H= O.7m
Box30, Kasane Cathedralhull:fibree.lassmakecolourbeie.elbrown
78 30-3-87 CH079 ThomasSilmula Motorboatdri\·cn.Outboardengine.L=3.90mW=l.JOm H=0.4m
Box 129, Kasane Co"'·entionalhull fibreglassmake,colourblue 1
79 2~-6-87 CH080 JusticeMasilo Dinghydri\"cnhanddriven paddle. L=J.109,W=1.306, H=0.4
Box 78, Kasane conŒntionalhull, fibree.lasscolourblue.

80 8-7-87 CH081 NormanWatson lnflatablcwithoutboard L=, W=1.8,H=O.S,conventionaJhull,
Box60, Scrowe plastic,orane.ewith blacktrim.
81 23-7-87 CH082 JohannesH. Swanepoel SuperDuperBoatlocker L=-'.0,W""1.6,H=.600,white byboat
Plot 10204 Broadhurst lockcr
19-8-87 CH083 PircrreF.Thcron
82 Dinghydri\"cnhand drh•enpaddle. L=3.0,W=1.40,H=0.50
Bag KJ, Kasane convcntional,fibreglasswhite & blue,byZimbabwefibreglass
~ - - products. 1

·1
7 THIRDSCHEDULE
(Regulation5)

REGISTEROF BOATREGISTRATIONS

Numbcr Registration Reference Full namc and Details of boat as
Date Marks Address ofowncr Recordcd on owners

Assigncd AltJllicationform
83 28-9-87 CH08-l. JamesS. Dl)·nan MotorBoat,outboardengine,com·entional,libreglasswhite
Bo.x1797,Gaborone L=5.3, W=2.1,H=l.l
84 29-9-87 CHOK5 JonathanMooreGibson Dingh o~ub.ardengineconventionalbeigeand brown.L=5.5,
ChobeGameLodge,Box32, Kasane W=2.0, H=O9. madeof fibreglass.

85 7-10-87 CH086 A. G. Smit Dinghy,outboardengineconventionalcolourwhiteandgreen.
B. Box618,Francistown L=6.5, W=2.5,H=I.Omadeoffibreglass.
86 4-8-89 CH087 Stephen Priee SK~ Boat;Outboardengine,conventionalcolourwhiteandblue.
Box331,Francistown L=4.5, W=l.5, H=0.58
87 27-11-87 CH088 T. LeonardJolmFrost Innatable,outboardengineoom·entionalrubber,red/black,L=2.5,

PfBag30 SelibePhikwe W=1.80,H==0.8.
88 27-11-87 KLOOIXW AquaticVegetationControlUnit Dinghy,outboardengineL==5.75W, =l.83, H:::0.68conventional
Box 107,Maun hull,aluminiummàke,coloursilver.
89 27-11-87 KL002XW AquaticVegetationControlUnit Dinghy,outboardengineL=4.0,W::;.f.6, =OAcon\'entional
Prh·atcBag002,Maun hull, fibreglassmake,colourwhite.

90 30-11-871 KL003XW AquaticVegetationControlUnit Dinghy,outboardcngineL=.J.95,W=l.795, H=0.69conventional
Prhatc Bag002,Maun hull,aluminiummake,colourblue.
91 30-11-87 KLOO-'XW AquaticVegetationControlUnit Skiboat,Drivcn:outboardengine. L=-'.825,W=l.965, H=0.525
PrivateBag002,Maun com·entionalhull,libre.e:lassmake,colourwhite.

92 30-11-87 KL005XW AquaticVegetationControlUnit Dinghy,outboardcngineV=4.09, W""1.76,H=0.62conventional
PrivatcBag002,Maun hull,aluminiummake,coloursih·er.
93 30-11-87 KL006 HuntcrsAfrica(PTY)LTD Dinghydrh"cn:outboardengine.L=3.6,\FI.6, 11=0.33.
Box 119,Maun con\'entionalhull,fibreglassmake,colourwhite/orange
9-l. 30-11-87 KL007 HuniersAfrica(PTY) LTD Dinghy,outboardcngineL=4.9, W""1.75,H=0.53COJWentional

Box 119,Maun hull,aluminiummake,coloursih·er.
95 30-11-87 KLPOS HuntcrsAfrica(PTY) LTD Dinghydri\'en:outboardengine.L=3.6\F 1.6,lr=0.33.
~---- ---·· ----- . ._~-o...:-.:_illL~aun .----conventiona1hull,libreglassm:ùŒ,colourgreen.

8 THIRD SCHEDULE
(Regulation 5)

REGISTEROF BOAT REGISTRATfONS

Numhe1· Rcgistration Rcfel'tncc Fullnamc and Details of hal as !
Date Murks Addrcss of owncr recorded on o\mers
Assi2ned ajJJ)Iicationrm
96 30-11-87 KL009 Hunters Arrica(PTY) LTD Barge driven; outboard engine. L=:5.6,W::o2, "'0.64.
Box 119,Maun con\'entionalhull, fibreglass make, colour blue.
Huniers Arrica (PTY) LTD Dinghydriven: outhoardengine. L=2.4,w= 1.2,h=0.5. '
97 30-11-87 KLOIO i
Bo.x119,Maun conventional hull aluminium make,colour aluminium. i
98 30-J 1-87 KLOII Huniers Arrica (PTY) LTD Bargedriven: outboard engine. L=8.00W=2.55, H=0.5 1
Box 119,Maun conventional hull, steel make, colour_g_reen.
99 30-JI-87 KLOI2 Huntcrs Africa(PTY) LTD Dinghydriven: outhoardengine. L=3.6,w=1.6,h=0.33.
Box 119,Maun cori,·entionalhull, fibreglass make, colourblue.

100 30-11-87 KLOI3 Huniers Africa (PTY) LTD Bargedriven: outboard engine. L=·U, W=2.35,H"'0.5 double
Box 119,Maun ·(catamaran),steel make, colour green.
101 30-f 1-87 KLOI4 Keith Joubert Dinghy drh·en:outboard engine. L"'3.w= 1.4,IF0.4.
Plot78, Kasane conventional hull, fibreg_lassmake,colour white..
102 30-JI-87 KL015XW Officer lncllargc lnflatable, outboard engine com·entionalrubber,colour greywith
H\'dro Dh·ision,Box 26, Kasane ,·ellowstripe, L=::3., =l.JO, H"'0.40.

103 11-12-87 CH089 George Calcf Canoe, outboard engine, paddles. con\'entiona1,fibreglass, white
Bo.xIl, Maun L=5,6, W-"'1, =.6.
104 4·2·88 CH091 K Chadwick Barge with outboard motor round metalhull, brown, L=7.5,
Plot 78. Kasane W=4,5, H=
105 5-7-88 CH092 Mike Watcr Man Dinghy, outboard engine. L=3.9, W=J.6J,H=0.84, con\'entional,

Pri\'aleBag01,Maun aluminium.
106 7-4-88 KL016 Yambezi MultipurposeCooperati,·e Dinghy, fibreglass. L=3,7, W=l.JO, H=0.4. Whitewith redstripe
Satau
107 31-7-88 KL017 DercckJoubert Rubberdinghy with outboard engine. L=3.2, W=1.2, H=.6. grey
LinvantiCamp, Ngamil<md black hull, conventiona1hull, France 1987.Zodiac
KL018X DWNP lnllatable; 3.35x.l.47x0.71 OBM enginc, rubbergrey,
108 1-3-90
Box J1,Maun con\'entionalhull. Mgjr:UK services agents.

9 THIRD SCHEDULE
(Regulation5)

REGJSTEROF BOAT REGISTRATIONS

Numhc•· Registration Reference Full name and Detailsof boat as
Date Marks Address of o1\·ner recordcd on owners
Assi2ned a111llicatiform

109 2-7-90 KL019 YambcziFishericsProjcct Punt OBM enginedrh·en,L=3.8,W""1.5,H:O.7,com·entional
C/oMr.SikiriMakan\'e,Salau hull,aluminium,not painted.
llO 6-12-88 KLOI8 CabbageS. Mochanana Dinghy:OBME propelled,L=J.OO,W""1.30,H=0.-,otourwhite
& vellow,con\'entionalhullmadeoffibreglass.
Ill 5-7-88 CH093 AndreGouws Dinghyinboardengine,conventionalhull,madeoffibreglass,

P/Bag055,Maun colourbei~elbr L =w.,W=1. 5,H=0.8.
112 29-9-89 CH09-1-XW WildlifeDcpa Dinghydriven:outboardengine.L=3.69,W=0.80,R=l.S6,
+rimentKasane conventionalhull,aluminiummake,coloursih·er.
Box 131,Gaborone
113 26-5-91 CH095 lan HughesCunning lnflatable(outboardmotor9.9hpdriven,conventionalhull,made

FannQO.JJ,Pandamatenga of rubber,colourblacklvellow,L=J.l, W=1.4,H=0.45. 1
lU 13-8-90 CH096 TcrrenceRyan Kayak,drivenpaddles,conventionalhull,madeoffibreglass,
ChobeGameLodgc,Box 32,Kasan.:colourboule~ree L=·U, W=0.85,H=0.35 .
115 10-10-88 CH097 StephenJolmLiverscdgc ln boardmotorengine,conventionaJ,fibreglass,colourred/yellow
Bo.'Il,Kasanc L= 1.8W=0.8,H=0.90

116 10-.J-89 CH098 Cartïl ServicesPTYLTD. Typespeedboat OBMdriven;madeof fibreglass,L=6,W=2.0,
Bo.'\30097,Tlokweng,Gaborone H =1.2,colour blue/greymetalie
117 5-7-89 CH099 LoiusDanielJordaanMuldcr Type:Catamaran,OBMdriven, madeof fibreglass,colourwhite
Box 136,Kasauc. & vellow,L=-1-.25, =1.60,H=0.65
16-6-89 CH lOO RobertAlbertWilliams
118 Speedboat, OBMdriven,conventionalhull,fibreglassmade,
Box55. Kasanc L=5.1.W=2.2,H=0.7,colourblackwithvellowstripes.
1.19 16-6-89 CH 101 Albcrtus. DuToit Spccdboat,OBMdriven,conventionalhull,fibrcglassmade,
Box290,Kasanc L=4.0,W=l.7, H=0.6,colourblue.
120 5-6~89 CH 102 MichaelStanleyAdamWest
Dinghy,OBMEdriven,conventionalhull,madeoffibreglass,
Box20002,Monarch,Francistown L'=5.18,W=1.8J,h=0.91,colourUgrev witllorangestripcs.
121 11-7-89 CH 103 DavidWilliamClay Fishingboat,drivcnbyOBM cnginc,conventionalhullmadeof,
Box6-12,Francistown fibrcglasscolouroFblackwiththinred,Llgrey,darkgrey,white
stripes,L=4.40,W=l.SO,H=0.85

10 THIRD SCHEDULE
(Regulation5)

REGISTEROF BOATREGISTRATIONS

Numhct· Rcgistnttion Reference Full name :md Detailsof boat as

D~ltC Mnrks Addrcss of owncr recorded on owners
Assigned aJ!IIIicalionform
122 11-7-89 CH 104 John Nenton Salomon Dinghydrh·enbyOBME,conventionalhull,madeoffibreglass,
Plot923,Tatitownship colourofwhite/bluestripes, L=5.03,W==2.1,=1.20.
123 20-12-89 CH 105 JonathanHenryPenyssen MotordrivenbyOBME,conventionalhull, madeoffibreglass,
Box 1501,Gaborone colourblueand white,L=14,W=S,H=3

12-1 29-1-90 CH 106 Peter Hausmann OBM-dri,·enspeedboat(Dinghy),conventionalhull,madeof
Box 268,SelibePhikwc fibreglass,L=4.1,W=1.7,H=0.8,colour ofwhite & blue
125 19-2-90 CH 107 Denis VanEyssen OBMdriven,Dinghy,conventionalhull, madeof aluminium,
Box 78,Kasane coloursilver,L=6,W=2.5,H=1
126 26-2-90 CH 108 Andydu Toit OBMdrivendinghy,convetionalhull,madeofaluminiumcolour
Box 29-1,Francistown silver,L=-1,W=2,H=l

127 9--1-90 CH 109 Cor FrancoisVos OBMdriven,com·entionalhull, madeoffibreglass,colour
Box775,Mahalapye vellow/white,L=6.0,W=2.0,H=0.7,dinghv.
128 11--1-90 CH 110 EdwardDrcwell FishingBoat(Dinghy),oulboardengine,madeof fibreglass
Box-1,TatiRh·er,Francistown (conventional)colour whiteandblue,L=5 W=2.2,H = 1.1
DeltaCraft(Dinghy)outboardengine,madealuminium
129 27-6-90 CH Ill KevenChadwick
Bo.xIl, Kasane (conventional)colour silver,L=-1.5,W=1.6,H=0.6
!JO 3-7-90 CH 112 StcinarHarstad SeahorseTH 382 (Dinghy)outboardengine,madeoffibreglass
Box ~1 ,asane (com·enlional)colourwhite, L=4.8,W=-1., =O. 0.
131 9-7-90 CH 113 Grig JohnMerccr Canoehanddriven,madeof fibreglass(conventional)colour
Box 108,Kasanc (f.C.C) vellow,blue, L=5.8,W=0.6,H=0.3.

132 2-7-90 KL-020 KevanChadwick Dinghy,OBMdriren, a!Ulninium,conventionalhull, 4.5xl.6x0.6
Box Il, Kasanc manufac!Uredofpower servicedMaun 1990"Deltacrafl"
133 27-9-90 KL021XW Depl.of WaterAffairs(HydroDiv) Dinghy,OBMdri,·en,aluminium,conventionalhull, 3.8x1.6x0.4
Box 26,Kasanc powerscrdcc Maun "SwampCruiser"Sept. 1990.
13-l 7-12-92 KL022 GeorgeM.Mukuwa DinghyOBMengine, com·entionalhull,madeof fbreglass,

Box-18,Kasane L=3.4,W=l.76,H=0.58,colourvellow --

Il THIRDSCHEDULE
(Regulation5)

REGISTEROF BOAT REGISTRATIONS

Numbcr Registrafiun Reference Full name and Details of boat as
Date Marks Addrcss ofowncr rccorded on owners

Assh~.ncd annlicationorm
135 9-7-90 CH 114 GreigJohn Mercer Canoehanddrh·en,madeof fibreglass(conventional)colour
Box 108,Kasane (I.C.C) whiteandblue,L=4.5, W=0.6,H=03
136 27-8-90 CH 115 AristollG. Trooyrod Rubberdinghyoutboardengine, made rubbercon\'entional,colour
Plot2651,Gaborone blackredL=4.33,W.=l.33,H=0.6

137 19-9-90 CH 119 AlbertoDelco Canoe,paddledrh·en,L=6.0, W=0.75,H=0.25,colourwhite/red
Box 184,Kasanc top convcntional,fibreglassmade.
138 6-4-93 KL 023 WilliamsHun·cy Canoc,paddledri\"en,madeof fibreglass,shapeofhdmy,
Box342, Francistown L=5.1, W=0.7,H"'0.3,colourwhite/yellow

139 6-.J-93 KL 024 WilliamsHun·ey Dorymadeoffibreglasscoloured, whitewithblue/redst.ripes,hull
Box 342, Francistown shapeddon·outboardenrone,L=4.0,W=1.2,H=0.35
140 25-9-90 CH 120 Robert AlberWilliams Canoe,drh·enby paddlesconventional,colouryellow,madeof
Box55, Kasanc fibreglass,L=4.5,W=I.O,H=0.50
141 28-9-90 CH 121 KevenChadwick Dinghydrh·enbyengine con\'entionalcoloursilver,madeof

Box 10,Kasanc aluminium,L=6.0,W=2.8,H=0.6
1.42 5-l0-90 CH 122 KennethJohn Roberts Fishingboatoutboardengine,conventionalcolourwhite,madeof
Box35, Francistown fibre~ l=16.5,W"'4.2,H=3.7.
1-U 12-10-90 CH 123 AshadullaKhan Dinghyoutboardmotordriven com·entional,colour white,made
Bag 103,Francistown of fibreglass,L=6.0, W=3.6,H73.

1-U 16-11-90 CH 143 Gerhardus M.Oosthuizcn Rubberdinghyoutboardengine,com·entionalcolourblack,
Cio KasaneEntcrprises(Pty)Ltd L=3.8,W=l.2, H=0.60.
Box55, Kasane
145 16-11-90 CH IH DerekJohn Wilson Dinghy(fibreglass)outboardengineconventionalcolour\\·hile

Box20087,Francistown withbluestrioe,L=5.2W=L65, H=.80
146 19-11-90 CH 145 Andre'PicterVanAardt Motor boatoutboardcngine conventional,fibreglasswhitewith
FishingSafarisBox206,Kasanc IWObluestripcs,L=5.1, W=2.3H=1.5

L
12. ·~

.__---,-~----'-- ..~--.....:.

THIRDSCHEDULE
(Regulation5)

REGISTEROF BOATREGISTRATJONS

Numbcr Rcgistration . Rcfc•·cncc Full name and Detailsof boat as

Date Marks Address of owner recorde<!on owners
Assi2ned 31ltllicationform
1~7 2~-12-90 CH 1~6 DanielJohannes Dinghyfibreglassoutboardengine,conventionalcolourwhiteand
Box8, K.asane blue, L""~ .s"2.0,H=1.0

1~8 2~-12-90 CH 1~7 AnthonyPatrick Johnson Dinghyfibreglass/rubberwinddriven & outboardengine
Box802, Francistown con,·entionalcolo~rev L=3.4, W=l.4, H=0.7.
1~9 15-3-91 CH 148 GaryGraig Cooke InflatableDinghy,OBMdrivenconventionalhullofrubbcr. Grey
Bag 14(TSKazuneularoad)Kasane V=-1-.0, =I.3, H=0.9

150 25-3-91 CH 1~9 YambeziMultipurposcCooperative Dinghy,outboardenginecom·entional,madefibregl-1white
Boxsatau \\ith red stripe,WL7, H=1.30
151 28-3-91 CH 150 ChobeSafari Lodge Dinghy,outboardengineconventionalmadeoraluminiumsih·er,

P.0 Box 10,K.asane L=~.2 6,=l.50, H=6
152 16-11-93 CH 151 Robert lan Bumie Dinghyoutboardengineconventional,fibreglass,whiteandgreen
Box 5, Kasane strioe.
153 11-~ -9 CH 152 Gordon Cundill Dinghy out board motorengine,conventionalaluminium,L=5.0,

Box 11,Kasane W=1.6,H=0.6
15-1- 29--1--9' CH 153 MahomedFarooqEbrahim Dinghydrh·enbyOBMEconventionalhullmadeorfibreglass,
Box 39, Francistown colour whiteithbluetop. L=-1.8-, =l.90, H=O.SO
29-.t-91 CH 15~
155 GeorgeMonkhousc DinghyOBI\IlEdrh·en,conventionalhull madeoffibrcglass,
Box 12,Francistown colom orangewithwhitetop. L=3.17,W=l.34,H=0.5~
156 8-7-91 CH 157 D. W.Clay CatamaranOBMEcolourgreenmadeoffibrcglass, L=6,W:=3.4,
BagT15,Francistown H=2.85

157 12-7-91 CH 158 PalGough Dinghyoutboardmotorengine,conventionalhull,madeor
P. O. box633, SelibcPhikwc fibreglass.colom white, L=-1, =2, H::::0.6.
158 1-8-91 CH 159X WildlifeDepartmcnt Dinghy,dri,·enbyOBMEcolour-alnmsilvergreyhull-
Box 17,Kasane com·entional,madeoraluminium,L=3.7-l,W=1.69,H=0.4~.

159 1-8-91 CH 160X WildlireDepartmcnt Dinghy, drivenbyOBMEcolour-alnmsilvergreyhull-
L___ Box 17,Kasane com·entional,madeoraluminium,L=3.74, W=1.69,H=0.44.

IJ THIRD SCHEDULE
(Rcgulalion 5)

REGISTEROF BOAT REGISTRA TlONS

Numbe•· Registration Reference Full namc and Details ofboat as
Date Mal'ks Address of owncr rt.'Cordcdon owners
Assi~ncd 3JIJIIicaliform
CH 162
160 28-8-91 Chobc Safari Lodge Dinghyoutboard cngine colour white & blue, made of fibreg1ass,
Box 10, Kasane L=5, W"'l.7, H=l.6.
161 2-9-91 CH 163 Ke,·inD.Tink Dinghy OBME colour grey with blue stripe made of fibreglass,
Box 10701,Tatitown Francistown W=1.7, L=5.4, H"'0.75
162 25-10-91 CH 164 G.M. Oosthuizen OBM engine dinghy colour whhe blue red stripes hull

Box335, Francistown conventional made offibreglass, L=5.5, W=l.2, H=l.2
163 25-11-91 CH 165 Amcen Moorad OBM propelled, type- catamaran, hull made offibreglass, L=5.3,
Box 1379, Gaborone W=1.8,H=O.65,colour white & blue
164 27-11-91 CH 166 M. Burger Type-Catamaran- hull, made of fibreglass, L=6, W=l, H=1,

Bag F194, Francistown colour blue & whiteOBME driven
165 28-11-91 CH 167 Michael Edgar Myers Canoe, hull made of fibreglass, L"'5.0,W=O.75, H=0.50, colour
Box 32,Kasane blue/whitellight bluelgrcv, driven bv paddles.
166 28-li-91 CH 168 Jonathan Gibson Moore Canoe, hull madeof fibreglass, L=5.0,W=0.75, R=0.50, colour

Box32, Kasane white with biue,\'ellowgrv siripes
167 27-12-91 CH 169 Malcolm G. Grea\'es OBM engine hull made offibreglass, L=5.5, W=2.0, H=0.77,
P/Bag F78,Tatitown, Francistown colour gold& white
168 6-1·92 CH 170 c. D. Mlazie Crutoe,hullmadeof fibreglass, colour white, L=2A3, W=.80;

Kasane H=.39
169 5-2-92 CH 171 Richard Randall Cm10e,con\'cntional_madeof fibreglass, colour blue, L=5.60,
Box99, Kasanc W=0.80, H""0.39
170 5-2-92 CHI72 RichardRandall Canoe,com·entionalmade of fibreglass, colour blue, L=6.25,

Bo.x 99, Kasane W=0.96, H=OAO
171 7-2-92 CH08l Chobe FlyFishing Safaris OBrvŒboa!, cml\'cntiona1made of fibreglass, L=4.5, W=L7,
Box206, Kasane H=0.75, colour greybluclwhite
172 28-2-92 CH 173 Chobe Fly Fishing Safaris OBM engine dinghy colour white dark blue & light blue, L=5.1,

-- -- ---- ----- Bo.x206, Kasa~e -- W=1.72,H=0.57_ - -·--· -

.,
14 _.l- .. <-~....

THIRD SCHEDULE
(Regulation5)

REGISTEROF BOATREGISTRATfONS

Numbcr Registrai ion Rcfe•·cncc Full name and Details of boat as
Marks
Date Address of owner recorded onowners
Assiened I!(Jlllicatform
173 23-10-95 CH 107 Chobe Safari Lodge DinghyOBME driven colouraluminiwn si!ver hull conventional
Box 10,Kasane made of aluminium,L=S.47, W=2.0 H60~.60
17--1 10-.J-92 CH 17--1 Abercrombie & Kent OBM engine (aluminium boat) L=6.0, W=2.00, H=O.S,colour

Bag K46, Kasane silver
175 13-.J-92 CH 176 DanielJ.Grobbelaar OBM engine dri,·entypecatamaran, made offibreglass, L=5.6,
Box --16,rancistown W=.2,H=1.5,colour red & white.
176 l~-4-92 CH 177 Mr A. Darocha Dinghy(fibreglass) outboard motor engine conventionalour

Box --116,rancistown grcv& red,grev tripes, L:=4.5,W=1.7,H=0.75 r-
177 14-4-92 CH 178 Lo\'ÎsDanielJordaan Mulder Dinghy(fibrcglass) out board motorengine, con,·entional,colaurs
Bo.-..1:36,Kasane white& blue dimension L=5.0W:J.95, H=0.58, asfishingboat ··,«'"~-;-'·'";':
178 21-5-92 CH 179 Dawson& Fraser (Botswana) Type-speedboatcolour white, propulsion oBM, L=4.7, W=I.7, "·t:..r.:r~·~;·~:·.~:";".·

Mowana Lodge, Kasane, H=O7. , hull conventional made of fibreglass.
c/o Bag72,Gaborone
179 22-5-92 CH 180 Chobe Explorations Type-Dinghy,OBME propclled, L=6.0, W=2.0, H=O.SOc ,olour
Box 32,Kasane unpaintcdaluminium, hull madeof aluminium made conventional.

180 22-5-92 CH 181 Type-Dinghy,OBME propelled, L=-1.4,W=l.S, H=0.70, colour
unpaintedaluminimn,hull made of aluminium made conventional.
181 22-5-92 CH 182 Chobe Explorations Dinghyboatpropel\edbOBME, withhullshapedconventionalmadeof
Box 32, Kasane aluminium,olourunpaintedaluminiumL=4.4W=l.5, H=0.70

182 22~5-92 CH 183 Chobe Explorations DinghyboatpropellcdbOBME, ''ithullshapedconventionalmadeof
Box 32,Kasane aluminium,olourunpaintedaluminiumL--=4W,=1.5,H=O7.0
183 22-5-92 CH 184 Chobe Explorations Ding hoatproJletlbyOBME, withhullshapedconventionalmadeof
aluminium,colourunpaintedaluminium,L=4W=1.5, 1-1=0.70
184 22-5-92 CH 185 Chobc Explorations Ding hoatpropell<dyOBME,\\'itlhullshapedconventionl adeof
aluminium,colourunpaintcdaluminium,L=4.4,W=1.5,H=.0
Box 32, Kasane
185 29-5-92 CH 186 Da\'idAnthonyDa\'ies Pontoon-OBME propelled,hull pontoon made of fibreglass,
L_ -- - -··- PrivateBag_~7 F8ancistown colour of white and grV=18.1, W=_2.5 ,=l.8

15.~~-------,--~-------,-------- - -----------~---------------------

THIRD SCHEDULE
(Regulation5)

REGISTER OF BOAT REGISTRATlONS

Numbcr Rcgistration Reference Fullname and Details ofboat as
Date Maa·ks Addrcss of owner rccm·dcdon owncrs
ftJIJllicationform
Assi2ncd
186 16-6-92 CH IH7XP Commissioneror Police Dinghy- OBfiAE propelled,conventionalhull madeof
Bag0012, Gaborone aluminium,colour nan• blue, L=5.SO,W=1.80,H=0.80
187 21-8-92 CH 188 LeasleyBoucher Ski boat,OBMdriven,colour blue/yellow& blue top hull
Box277,Orapa com·entionalmadeoffibreglass, L=5.97,W=2.30,H=l.60.
Type: Powerboat propetledOBfiAEoonventionalhull made of
188 28-8-92 CH 189 R.J.Hewitt
Box 10701,Tatitown, Francistown fibreglass,colourgrev, L=-t.96,W=l.82, H=0.75
189 2-9-92 CH 190 DonaldGrobler Dinghytype,propelledby 08!\Πhulltrimaran(wide body) made
Box Il,Kasane of fibrcglass.colour b&uwhite,L=4.0,W=1.5, H= 1.0
190 4-9-92 CH 191 GertJ. Terblanche Type, inflatabledinghy;propelledbyOBM,colour maroon, hull
Bag SOW30,Suapan made flatof PVCneopreme,L=3.8,W=1.8,H=O.S.

191 25-9-92 CH 192 SusanJean Henry InflatablcOBME hullcon,·entionalmadeofalwninium, L=J,
Box 1339,Gaborone W=1.5,H=0.9
192 29-9-92 CH 193 R.J. Struan Dinghy,OBfvŒhull conventional,madeof fibreglass,L=4.45,
Box41034, Gaborone W= 1.324,H=762,colour whitewithred& bluestripes
CH 19-1. PhilipE. Burt Dinghyinflatablerubbercolour blue/yellow,L::::J.5,W-1.5,
193 29-9-92
Box 10872,Francistown H=0.49
194 1-t-10-92 CH 195 ChristopherJohn Lightfoot Cmtoc,propclledby OBME hullconventionalmadeoffibreglass,
Box 110,(ChobeFanns) K11sanc L=5.2, W=O9., H=S,colour grecn(lowerhalf)& white(upper halO
195 19-10-92 CH 196 JohannesPetrusDu-Toit Dinghy,propelledbyOBM Enginehull conventionalmadeof

Cio ChobeSafari Lodgc, Kasanc fibreglass,L=4.6,W=1.70, H=O.70, colouryellow1
25-10-92 CH 196 Gert D.J. Erasmus Numbcrissuedto differentboat& owneraller the 1' user
P!Bag49, Gaborone surrcndercdthecertilicate to his depatoRSA
196 29-10-92 CH 197 Karl-HeinzGirpcl Mcthodof propulsion:onboarddimensionsL=12.0,W:::3.5,
Box.J6,Maun, AficaSafaris Bots. H=1..J,shap_eof hull, conventional,madeof steel,colour task

197 29-10-92 CH 198 Karl-HeinzGirpel Mcthodof propulsion,outboarddimensions,.L=.JA,W=l.5,
Bo.xJ6, Maun,Afica Safaris Bots. H=0.6,shapeof hull con,·entîonal,materialfromwhich huis
------ made; aluminhamnot painted(silvercolour)

16 •. THIRD SCHEDULE
·(Regulation 5)

REGISTEROF BOAT REGISTRATJONS

Numhcr Registratiun Rcfcr·cncc Fullname and Details of boat as
Date Ma11.:s Address of owncr rccorded on owners
Assil!ncd aTJIJiicatiform
198 29-10-92 CH 199 Karl-HeinzGirpel Method of propulsion""outboard, dimensions, LW""1.5,-,
Box46, Maun, Afica Safaris Bots. H=0.6, shape of hull conventional materialfrom which hull is
made, aluminium,colouraluminium not oainted.

199 29-10-92 CH200 Karl-HeinzGirpel Method of propulsion,outboard,dimension,.fA, W=1.5,
Bo.x46, Maun, Afica Safaris Bots.H=0.6, shape of hull con\'entionalmaterialfrom which hull is
made from aluminium,colour aluminium not painted.
'200 4-11-92 CH202 Chobc Safari Lodge Dinghy OBME dri\·enwith hull shapedconventional, made of
Box 10,Kasane aluminium,L=5.10, W=l.85, H=0.75,colour cream and red on

tou.
201 6-11-92 CH 203 Chobc SafariLodgc Pontoon- OBME Propclled, hullpontoon made of steel,L=7.5, <~) ·(~::·~:
Box 10,Kasane W=4.5, H=4.2, colour grev
202 29-12-92 CH204 John Collington Dinghy,outboardmotorengineshapehullisconvention, adof
12AMonarch,Francistown fibreglass,colourisgreydimens,=16ft,W=Sf\H:J.6ft
29-12-92 CH205 hm DouglasKen
203 Fishing Boat (Dinghy)outboard motor enginc, shape of hull is
SowaTown, P.C.camp com·entionalmade of ftbreglasscolour iswithyredJineon
hull dimensions, L=4.00, W=2.00,H""1.00
20-l- 29-12-92 CH 110 M. J.Smuts Dinghy,outboard molor engine shape of hull is com·enlional,
Box 92,Francistown made offibreglass, colour isgre\'with red,\'ellow,orange stripe.
205 1-1-93 CH206 Asoo Khan Type; Speed boat, med10dof propulsiOBME dimension,

Plot10595,Phase IlBlock 6 L=6.8,W=J.7, H= materialfromwhich hull is made fibreglass,
hullshaped con\'entional,colour white of origin R.S.A.
206 6-1-93 CH 207 M. A.Khan Type bass boat methodof propulsionOBME dimension, L=3.5,
Box 10022, Gaborone W= 1.3, H=0.5,matcrialfromwhich!milis made, fibreglass hull
shaoed, com·entional,colour red& white orange strioe.

207 7-1-93 CH208 HcndrickJ. Oosthuizen Type: Amphibius methodof propulsionOBME dimension, L=-. ,
Bag F233, Francistown W= 1.5,H= 1.4, madeof fibreglass,hull shaped, colour whitclblue

17 THIRDSCHEDULE
(Regulation5)

REGISTEROF BOATREGISTRATIONS

·Numher Registration Reference Fullname and Detailsofboat as

Date Marks Addrcss ofowncr re<:ordedon O\mcrs
Assi~tncd 8flfllieationfurm
208 3-2-93 CH 209 Andre'PicterVanAardt Dinghy,hullcom·entionalmadeofaluminium,L=·t88,W:::.J.so;
Plot829, Plateau,Kasane H=O.SOc ,oloursilveraluminiumOBMpropclled.

209 -'-2-93 CH210 MichaelEdgarMyers Punt;hullshapedcom·entionalmadeofa1uminium;L=5.0,
Box32, Kasane W=1.6,H=0.65,colour unpaintcdOBMpropelled. ·
210 -'-2-93 CH211 MichaelEdgarMyers Puni;hullshapcdconvenûonalmadeof aluminium,L=S.O,

Box32, Kasanc W= 16, H=0.65 colour unoaintedOBMoropelled.
211 18-3-93 CH213 YambcziCoopcrath·eSociety Dinghy,hullconventionalmadeof fibregtass,L=4.5,W= 1.6,
Box7, Kasanc H=0.6,colourwhite & redOBMpropelled.
212 7-5-93 CH 175 ·JamesLe..-cndale Dinghy,shapeof hullcathedralmadeoffïbreglass, L=3.20,

Bos48. SclibcPhikwe W=1.80,H=O8 .0,colourblue& white,out boardmotor
213 19-5-93 CH 152 Duncan O. Mlazic Dinghy,OBMpropelled,cotourwhite hull witbluecon\"entional
hull madeofaluminium,L=3.60,W=I.JO,H=l.OO

214 7-'6-93 CH2l4 S. Mohinda Dinghy,OBMpropelled,colour whitehullwithblueconventional
hullmadeofaluminium,L=3.30,W==I.JOH , :::.OAO
215 22-6·93 CH068 Michael J.Gmm Dinghy,OBMpropelledcolouryellow,convenlionalhull,made
Bn_g33, Maun of aluminium,inflatablesidesdimension,L=6.0,W:2.J H=1.0

216 12-5-93 KL025 SauzeMohinda Dinghytype,OBMpropelled,colour white/blue,hull
Bo.'\20, Kasane con\·entionalmadeof fibre_glasss,ize L=3.30,W=1.30,H=0.40
217 4-5-93 KL026 HunlersAfrica Dinghy,OBMpropelledcolouraluminiumhullconventional

Box Il, Kasane madeofaluminium,sizeL=5.0,W=1.60,H=0.60
218 .t-5-93 KL027 HuniersAfrica DinghyOBMdrivencolour,whitehull & reddecksize L=2.70,
Box Il,Kasane W=1.30,H==0.5c 0onventionalhulliuadeof fïbreglass
KL028 PaulKgosidintsi
219 28-9-93 Dinghypropclled,OBMEcolourchampagne(gold)size L=5.4,
Bo.'\10137,Gaborone W= 1.8,H=0.69,convcnlionalhullmadeofaluminium
220 7·2-95 KL002X Dept.of Wildlife Dinghy,OBM handdri\"encoloursilver,hullcon..-entionat
B()x17,Kasane L=5.30,W==l.91H , =0.410,madeof11luminium
~------- ---- -- -

·i.
1~' ~,'"" .,., 18 '_; ' '~'. 1

THIRD SCHEDULE
(Regulatio5)

REGISTEROF BOAT REGISTRATIONS

Number Rcgistration. Reference Fullname and Delails of boat as
Dale Marks Address of owner recordedon owners
Assigned a~t~dic ormion
221 5~7-93 CH216 ArthurEdward Dell Dinghy,ouiboard motorengine shapeof hull conventional made
Bag00168, Gaborone
offibreglass, colour wlùtelue topdimensionstr4, w~J.H~,1.2
222 3-8-93 CH 217 Brent Dacomb Dinghy,OBM propelled hull com·entionalmade of aluminium,
Plot 17-15,Kasane colour unpainted aluminiwn:=3.2,W=2.4,H=0.66.
223 12-8-93 CH 220 Trc\·ororman Cox Type Kayak, band driven(paddle)hull conventional, made of
Chobe Fann, Box 110,Kasane fibre2lass colour green, L=2.5,,H=0.5

22-1 12-8-93 CH 219 Trc\"orNormanCox Type: Kayak, handdriven (paddle) hull conventional, madeof
Chobc Fann, Box 110,Kasane fibreglass, coloun·ellow, L=J.O,W:R=0.5
125 12-8-93 CH 218 Stefan PiereDu Plessis Dinghy, OBM propelled, conventional hullmade of fibreglass,
Bag K18,Kasane colour white with redo. Size L=3.5W=I.S H=0.48 !""'-
226 5-7-93 CH215 Arthur Edward Dell Type: Dinghy OBM propelled, L=-1.0,W=l.60, H=l.2 colour

Bag 00168, Gaborone white/blueullconventional made of fibreglass
227 19-8-93 CH221 Kenneth Webster Dinghy, outboard engine, L=-1.25,W=1.59,H=0.60 conventional
Box 110,Kasane hull, made of aluminium colour sih·cr.
228 20-8-93 ' CH 222 Derek Nonnan Coker Dinghy OBMpropelled colour greywithred stripes,conventional

Box735, Fmncistown hull made offibreglass, L=-1,W=l, H=0.6l
229 23-8-93 CH 223 Ccci1Bartleu Type of boat, fishing boat methodof propulsion OBME with hull
Bag K49, Kasnnc shape conventional made of fibreglassand coloured white/red
dimensions L=4, W=l.6, H=0.75
230 25-8-93 CH 22-1 Peter G. Hcrbum Type dinghy method of propulsion is byout board engine, with

hull shape con\"entionmade aluminiumand colour unpainted
(sih-er colour) dimensions L=5.5, W= H=
231 30-8-93 CH 225 Chobc LogCabins Dinghy, OBM propelled, colour grey& white com'entionalhull
Plot 706. Kasane made of fibreglass, L=5.6, W=2.0,H. 5
232 29-9-93 CH 226 Trc,·orJames Martin Type, dinghy, OBM propelledcmwentional hull made of

Box H, Scrowe flbreglass,olour red& white,L=2.40, W=1.20,H=0.50

19 THIRD SCHEDULE
(Regulation 5)

REGISTEROF BOAT REGISTRATIONS

Numhcr Rcgislration Reference Fullnamc and Details or boat as
Dale Marks Address of owncr rec:ordcd on mmers
Assi~ncd 3PIJiicalion form

233 29·9-93 CH227 Geoffrey Samuel Clarke Trpe, Sport, OBM propelledhull conventional madeof fibreglass colour red
Bag 8068, Bontlcng,Gaborone & white, L=-1.00,W=l.60, H=1.60
2H 14·10·93 CH228 Hendrik SchakStrumphcr Type, DinghyOBM propelled colour wlùte & orangesize, L-=5.0,W=2.0,
Box 87, Werda H=1.0,conventîonalhull made of fibreglass.

235 16·11·93 CH229 Richard Miller Type, Dinghy,OBM propelled hull con~·ent madenoflluminiwn, colour
Box 20625, Francistown aluminium unpaintcd,L=5.00 W=l.60, H"'0.50
236 16-11-93 CH 230 Ameen Moorad Type, catamaran,OBM propelled hull made of fibreglass,colour white&
Box 1379, Gaborone blue,L"'5.00,W"'2.00,H""l.20

237 17-11-93 CH231 Ste\·enOdonnell for KYA Sands Type, Dinghy,propclledby OBM, hull con\'entionalmadeof fibreglass,
Transport, Bag F62,Frnncistown colour Grev,L=·'-5,W'='l.7,H=0.75
238 17-11-93 CH 232 George Monkhouse Type,Dîngh pr·pdledbyOBM,hull conventîonalmudeoflibreglass,colourblack
Bag 2J3, Francistown wîthred/g stepe·,palegrewhiteslrîpes,L:4.30,W=O7.H=0.55

239 17-11-93 CH 233 Rudolph Fritz Uys Type, Po.wcrboat OBM propelled, hull con\'cntionalmadeof flbreg\ass,
Box J 1078,Tatitown,Francist01m colour grev, L"'5.W= 1.90, H"'1.10
2-tO 17-11-93 CH 23-t Asdoo Khan Type, Fishingboat, OBM propelled, hull com·cntionalmadeoffibreglass
1
Bag 103,Francistown colour.grev, L"'-1.00,W=2.13, H=0.61
2-11 22-11-93 CH235 Eric Norbert Webster Type, Dinghy,propclled byOBM, hull convcntionalmadeof flbreglass, 1
Box J, SclibcPhikwc colour white/blue, L=J.80, W=l.60, H=:o0.55 1
2-12 25-11-93 CH236 Moses Mowa Type, Canoe propelledby oars/paddles hull mono made of hardplastic,

P.b. Kasane, Parakanmgu Postal colom white withvellowtoj),L"'5.00,W=0.75,H"'0.45 i
2-13 6-12-93 CH 100 Shane Tell)·oss Type, Specd boat, hull conventional made of librcgOBMs,propelled
Bag 79, selibc Phikwc colour whit& blue,size l""3.50, W2.00, H=1.40

N-1 16-12-93 CH237 Steven Taylor Type !muse,L=7.0,W""3.0,H=2.5, hull com·entionalmadc of steel, OBM
Bag 69, Frandstown propelled colour blue/blackand white
2-15 17-12-93 CH 238 Jacobus HendrickSmit Type, Dinghy,OBM propellcd made of fibreglass, colour blue& white,
.§ox lü, Serowe L"'17foot, W=3foot, H=2 foot
-- --· -·--- --- ---

.'•, 1 ; ·.
.'·
20-·----~-~-:___,.

THIRD SCHEDULE
(Regulation 5)

REGISTEROF BOATREGISTRA TlONS

Numbcr Registration Rcfc•·cnce Fullnamc and Details of boat as
Date Marks Address of owncr recorded on owners

Assi~ned annlicationform
H6 24·12·93 CH239 Soliman Arbi Type, Ski Boat,OBM propelled, hull conventional madeof
Box 401683, Gaborone fibrce.lass,colour vellow and white, size L, =1.3,H=0.5
247 30·12·93 CH 240 John Collington Type,Bargehullmadeoffibreglass,outboardinotorenginepropelled,
Box 642,Francistown L=8.5,W=3.5,H:::2.,olourgreyandwhite,conventional

H8 29-12·93 CH246 Andrew Gen·asSmit Type,Dingh out-board motor propelledhull conventional, colour
Plot 1003,Monarch, Francistown red whiteand vellowsize L=4.5W=1.9, H=0.8
2-19 3J.12-93 CH 242 Chobe Safari Lodgc Type,PuntOBM enginepropelledhullmadeofaluminiumpropelledhull
Box 10,Kasane conventionlolourunpainted,L=5.00W=1.60,H=0.80

250 22·2·94 CHH3 AnnaC. Van Wyk Type, Dinghyoutboard engine driver, colouraluminiwn shape
Box 5, Kasane hullcom·entional,L:=5.00,W=l.6, H=0.60
251 28-2-9-J CH H..J ShaneTerry Moss Type, Motorboat out board engine colour redfn·hilefibreglass
Bag 79, Selibe Plûkwe shape C/hullconventional, l=4.67,=l.7, H=0.78
252 30·2·9-' CH2..J5 Karl Jepsen Type, Fishingboat out board engine, colour whiteshape hull

Bag 0180, Maun conventionalmade of fibreglass, size l=3.5,1.5,H=0.6
253 1--l-9-l CH2-ll Hilton Bott Type,Fishingboat outboard motor engine colour white/grey
Bag F 162,Francistown shapecom·entionalmade offibreglass, L=-f.57,Wl.83 H:::0.7
25-J 5·5-9-J CH2-'7 Patricia Sussana Williams Motor boat,OBM driven, conventional hull madeof ftbreglass,

Bag 1..Kasane colourwhite u-itltred top. Size V=4.7, W=1.80,H=0.90
255 16·5·9-' CH 2..J5 Daryl Dandridge Outboard motor boat OBM engine, conventional hull madeof
Box Il, Kasane almninhun colour silver, size.40, W=1.80, H=0.80
256 13·6·9-' CH250 Alberto Delco& StephenA. Griesel Type double catamaran,OBM propelled, L=7.1, W=3.0..J,H=1.40,
Box 184,Kasane colourwhite hull made of fibregfass

257 20--6·9-' CH251 African Odysscy(Pty) Ltd Type Doublecatamaran pontoon, OBM propelled, L=5.46,
Box 184,Kasane W=2.43, H= 1.15,hull-fibreglass colour ali white
258 20·7·9-l CH256 Mr Sean Arthur Burslem Power boat L=-l.l, W=1.9, H=1.2,hull shaped èonventionalmade _
Box 10701,Francistown offtbreglass and coloured grey, OBM propelled
~ - --·-- --·----

21 ------------------ --

THIRD SCHEDULE
(Regulation5)

REGISTEROF BOATREGISTRATIONS

Numbcr Registrat inn Reference Fullname and Details of boal as

Dale Marks Addrcss ofowncr rccordcd on on·ncrs
Assigncll ap(Jiicationrm
259 30-7-9-J CH257 Jan VanWyk Outboardmotorenginedinghymadeoffibreglas,ullshaped
Box5, Kasane conventionalolourwhiteandblue,deminsiL"'4.26,~2.5 H=l.l
CH258 ChobeSafariLodge Rubber dinghy,OBM l5hp yellowin colour, shaped
260 5-9-9-1
Camp Site com·entional,L=2.5 W=l.O H"'0.5
161 10-11-9-l CH 160 PatrickDouglasPeel Dinghy,OBMpropelled,hullcom·entionalmadeoffibreg1ass
I-180HBox55, Kasane colounellow, L=-1.5,W=1.5 H=I.O
262 13-11-9-1 CH108 Eugene Kotze Type,Pontoon,OBMpropeJJed,hull flatU madeofalwninium,

Cio box 55, (Jan Vaw,·k)Kasane colourwhiteexterior& brown interior,L=5.\\=1.0h=I.O
163 8-12-9-1 CH 159 D. F. Mitchiron Puni,L=-1.30,W=l.80, H=0.60,madeofaluminiumunpainted
Box 266, Kasane MowanaLodge OBM,hull con\·entional
26-1 8-12-9-1 CHH8 A. G. Bumîe Dinghy,OBML=-t5, W=l.5, W=0.6,hull shapcdcom·entional

Box5, Kasane colourcdredand white,madeof fibreglass
265 13-12-9-l CH1-19 RudolphFritz Uys T~·p ci,ghyOBMpropelledcolour,white/orange,L=.J.5,
Box 11078,Tatitown W=1.5, H=O.5,hull flatbouom madeoffibreglass
266 12-7-9-1 CH25-1 AlbertoDelco Speedboat, OBMmadeof fibreglassconventional,whitewith
bluetop. L=.J.2,W=I.S, H=0.6
Box 18-1,Kasanc
267 14-7-9-1 CH255 Errol KeithMiller Type, Amphibious,hull madedeepvee madeoffibreglasscolour
Bag 233, Francistown white& blue,L=·t-.5,W=l.5, H=1.4,OBMpropeHed
268 28-12-9-' CH362 KeYin Cla~t Jager TypeOsprey,CatamaranOBMengine,hull- monohullonventional
Box 26,Francistown madeoffibreglascolourwhite/grsize,L=4.5, =1.83,H=0.250

269 1-1-2-95 CH253 MichaelJohm Franey Type,DinghyO, BMdrivenhullconventiomVmadeoffibreglass.
Box 323, Kasane Colour\\{Üe:\teriorgreyinside,L=J.O,W=1.50,H=0.60
270 17-3-95 CH261 FransJacobusJoostc Fishingboat,OBM, Greyin colour, L=5.20,W=I.SO,H=0.90,
Box 185,Francistown madeoffibreglasscom·entionalshaped

271 11--1-95 CH262 Heidy Allhendinger Type,Catamaran!Pantoon,colourdark green,L"'5..J9,W=2..1.0,
- -- KubuLodge,Box 'f3,Kasanc H=0.65,hull convenHonalmadeof fibregl~ss -

22 THIRDSCHEDULE
(Regulation5)

REGISTEROF BOATREGISTRATIONS

Numhe•· Rcgistration Reference Full namc and Details of boat as
Dutc Marks Addrcss of owncr rcconled on owncrs
Assi2ned 31llllicationform 1

272 18-4-95 CH263 PeterD.Brink Canoe,l"'4.9, W: 1.0,H=0.4,madeof fibreglasspluswood,
Box43,Kasane,KubuLodge colouredwhiteexteriordoubleendedshaped
273 5-6-95 CH264 BrunoDelco Kayak,paddlesdriven,L=3.8,W=0.50,H==0.40 madeofplastic 1
Box 18-l,Kasane pm-pie,colouredconventionalshaped. !
27..J 5-6-95 CH265 BrunoDelco Kayak,paddlcsdri\·en,L=J.8, W=0.50,H=0.40madeof plastic

Box 18-l,Kasane blue,colouredconventionalshaped. 1
275 23-6-95 CH266 MikeWest PowerBoat,OBML=4.50,W=2.0,H: 1.0,white & grey
Box20002,Francistown com·entionalshaped,fibrcglassmade.
276 19-7-95 CH268 TerrenceRyan L=4.80,W=0.93,H=O.JO,canoe,conventionalsltaped, Dark 1
ChobcGameLodge Green,Fibreglassmade 1

277 19-7-95 CH269 RonellPienaar L:4.80, W"'0.93,H"'0.30,canoe,conventionalshaped, Dark
Green,Fibreglassmade
278 29-9-95 CH270XP

279 29-9-95 CH27-' MahomedS. Khan T}pe,Daycruiser,outboardengine,L=4.70,W=1.90,H=1.60,
Bo;o;86,Lobatse con,·entionalwithhullmadeof fibreglass,colourwhiteandblue 1
280 20-10-95 CH055 DustyRodgers Type,Powerboatoutboardengine,L=4.1,W=2.1,H=l.2,
ImpalilIslandLodge con\'entionalwithhullmadeor fibreglass,colourgery/ptuple

281 20-10-95 CH212 DustyRodgers Trpe, Powerboatoutboardengine,L=4.1,W=l.l, H"'1.2,
lmpalilaIslandLodge com·entionalwitha hull madeof fibreglass,colourgerv/purple
282 30-10-95 CH27; JeanCorneliusBos Boatcoloured,,·hile\\·ithgreyblue red stripes,L"'4.57,W=1.83,
Box 185,Francistown H=0.75,hullshapedconventional,madeoffibreglass, fishingboat 1

283 2-11-95 CH276 AndriesJohannes L"'4.50,W=1.85,H"'O7 .0, Ski-Boat,madeof fibreglass,coloured
Bag0035,SelibePhikwe whitebottom/bluetop,OBMshapeof hullconventional
284 2-11-95 CH277 G. S.Tholnpson L=3.95, W=1.55,H=0.55,madeof fibreglass,coloured red/white, i
Bag50,SowaTown con,·entionalOBM.
--

23 THIRD SCHEDULE
(Regulation5)

REGISTEROFBOATREGISTRATIONS

Numbc1· Rcgistration Reference Full namc and Detailsof boat as
Date Marks Addrcss ofowncr rceordcd on owners

Assiencd a1mlieationform
285 2-ll-95 CH 278 GeorgeMonk.house L"'5, W"'L60, H=0.50,Dinghy,conventionat shapedhull,OBM,
Box 436, Frandstown madeofaluminiumunpainted.
286 15-3-96. CH074 D. Gillespie L"'3.50, w"' 1.20, h=O:Type,dinghyOBMdriven,madeof

Bo.x2331, Maunatlala,S/Phikwe fibreglass,colouredredand white,com·entionalsbaped
287 6-11-95 CH 279 CairnPatrick Punttype,hullconrentionalmadeofalwninium,colour unpainted
Box 266, Kasane L=3.5, W= 1.26, H"'0.45OBMpropelled
CH 270 Africa Prid.:
288 28-2-96 Cio Chobe Safi1riLodg.: Box \0, J;:asanetype,com·entionalhullmadeofalurn.inium,colour
unpaintsaluminium, L=S.O,W=I.S, H=O.S. OBMprooelled
289 28-11-95 CH283 AnthonyG. Rees Dinghytype,conventionalhullmadeof fibreglass,colour white
Ba~ KH, Kasane hullred& l!revdeck, L=S.O W=2.0, H=1.0

290 8-12-95 CH 285 Gerald CecilR.iggs L=4AO, W=1.40, H==0.70, madeoraluminium& unpainted,OBM
Box Il, Kasane driven,conventionalshaoedhull
291 11-12-95 CH 286 JohnMassinghanu L=6.0, W=-1.00,H"'1.50,madeof fibreglass,pontoontype,hull
BagF 109,Francistown shapedcataraman,white incolour

292 13·12-95 CH 287 StefanDuPlessis· Type, Catamaran, hulldoublecatamaran,madeor fibreglassL=5,
Box 266, Kasane W"'2.4, H=1.2,colourwhitewitbRTeen.
293 13-12-95 CH 288 StefanDuPlessis Type:lnflatablcrubber,dinghyOBM, L=4.2, W=2, H"'.800,

Box 266, Kasane colourwhitewithgrev.
294 20·12-95 CH 289 lnto ArricaMowanaSafaris Type,Barge, L=6.0, W"'3.40, H=3.80,hullofshape,cataraman,
Box 266, Kasane madeof fibre~ &latsel,white/RTeeincolour
295 28-12·95 CH 290 HendrickStr:ydom Type,Cabincruiserhullofshaped,çonventionalmadeof

Box 20919, Francistown fibrc,glass,colourwhitewithbluetripl=5.6, W=2.3, H"'I.O
296 20-2-96 CH 291 GeorgeWatson L=-1.88,W=2.07, H"'0.5,lightgrey/red-orange,conventional,
- ------ Bo~ 5, Serow(!_ - fibreglass
--

",,.
.1.
J 24 .· 1

TIIIRD SCHEDULE
(Regulation5)

REGISTEROFBOAT REGJSTRATIONS

Numhc•· Registratiun . Reference Full name and Details of boat as
Date Marks Addrcss ofowncr recorded on owncrs

AssiJ?ncd 311111icatiorm
297 18-3-96 CH293 Gavin Blackbeard V=5.50,w~ I.80, H=D.50Type, Dinghycolour unpaintedand
Box60, Serowe madeof aluminiumOBM driven.
298 21-3-96 CH29-1 Ronald GarethGuthrie Wcstland Type, Canoe, L=·D, W=O.S,H=0.3, Hullshape conventional

Box 1223,Plateau,Kasane made of fibreglass,colour blue and white
299 21-3-96 CH295 Ronald GarethGuthrie Westland Trpe, Canoe,L=-l.7, W=O.S,H=0.3, Hullshape conventional
Box 1223,Plateau,Kasane made of fibreglass,colour blue and white
300 27-3-96 CH300 Rann Safaris Type,Jetcruiser, inboard engine, madeofaluminium, colour

Bag62, Maun aluminium,hull shape, com·entional,L=6.0, W=I.S, H=0.5
301 1--l-96 CH296 Gordon GrayGrayfield Type, Dinghyhullshaped, conventional outboardmotor engine,
Box 10,Kasane colour wllitewithgrev, L=·U, W=1.9, H=1.0,made of fibreglass
302 -J--1-96 CH299 Rudolph FritzUys Type, motor boathull shape, conventional madeof fibreglass,
Box 11078,Tatitown colour vellow,L=-6.0,W=3.0, H=-1.5

303 19--J-96 CH301 Chobe Safari Lodgc Type Dinghy(sport fisher) hullshapd, conventionalOBM engine,
Box 10, Kasane made of fibreglass,colour white, L'"5'.20.5,H=O7.5
30-1 30--J-96 CH302 Kenn~ Athbref<[çQuad~ Ski-boat,L"".t.-'0,W==l., ==0.6,olour red& white hull
B<.So. ~TownH!No311, hokojeStreet shape, convcntionalmade or fibreglass.

305 3--l-96 CH303 Scan ArthurBurslem T~·p Peo,erboathull shape, conventional, colour grey, white and
Box 10701,Francistown red, dimensions=-J.I, W=2.01,H'=1'.1,madeor fibreglass.
306 21-5-96 CH 161X DcpartmentofWildlifc Type,Dinghyhull com·ent.ional,made of rubberdinghy, L=5.0,

Box 17,Kasane W=-1.50,H= 50,colour black and grev
307 1-3-96 KL 029 Linyanti Im·estmcnts Type, houscboat propelled by OBM, hull doublecylindrical,
Bag 209, Maun made of steel, L=9.0, W=3.50, H=0.850.
308 19-3-96 KL 030 Linyanti Explorntio(Ply)Ltd L=-1.50,H=0.50,W= 1.60,Type dinghy, unpaintedaluminium
Box 22, Kasane OBM propellcd

309 15-5-96 KLOJI Hunters Africa Type,dinghybyOBI\!enginehanddriven,madeofaluminsha~d.l
-- Box Il, Kasane - conwntionalcoloursih·eraluminiumdimensionsL"'4.2,1~.600.SO1

25 THIRD SCHEDULË
(Regulation5)

. REGISTER OF BOAT REGISTRATIONS

Numhct· Rcg.istration Rcfct·cncc Fullnamc and Details of boat as
Date Marks Addrcss of ownct· rccorded on owners
Assigned attltlicationorm
Type,Dinghy bOBI1engine, made of aluminium, hull shaped eon\'entional,
310 9-8-96 KL032 Kenneth Carr Hartley rolour sil\·erlgre)·aluminium, dimension LH~.60,W.. I.S,
Box 55, Kasane
311. 10-6-96 CHJ0-1- In!o Africa (Mowana) Type,dinghysportfisherhulshape,conventionalmadeofaluminium,
Box 266, Kasane coloursi!veralumilùum,imensionL=18ft,W=6f\,H=3f\

312 19-6-96 CH307 Cecilia Mlazie H=0.68, obm propetled dri\'encolour white, red and black stripes
Box 82, Kasane
313 28-6-96 CH 306 Da,·idCharles Currey Type, Power boatshape of hull,conventional made of fibreglass,
Bag63, Lobatse colour white,L=-1-.1, "'1.9 H"'1

31-1 11-7-96 CH308 Chobe Game Lodgc Type, Canoe, hull shaped,conventional, madeof fibreglass,
Box 32, Kasanc colour dark green,dimension L=l7.0,W==3.0 , =LO
315 11-7-96 CH 309 Chobe Game Lodge Type, Canoe, hull shaped,conventional, made of fibreglass,
Box 32, Kasane ~ colour dark green,dimension L==l7.0,W==3.0H, ==l.O

316 11-7-96 CH 310 Chobe Game Lodge Type, Canoe, hand driyen,hull shaped, con\'cntional,made of
Box32, Kasanc fibreglass, colourdark green, dimension L=17.0,W"'3.0,H"'1.0
317 11-7-96 CH311 Chobe Game Lodge Type, Canoe, handdri\'en,hull shaped,conYentional,made of
Box 32, Kasanc fibreglass, colourdark green, dimension L=17.0,W=J.O,H=1.0

318 11-7-96 CH 312 Chobe Game Lodgc Type, Canoe, handdriven, hull shaped, con\'entional,made of
Box32, Kasanc. fibreglass, colourdark green,dimension L=17.0;W=J.O,H=1.0
319 11-7-96 CH313 Chobe Game Lodgc Type, Canoe, handdri\'en,hull shaped, con\'ent.ional,made of
Box 32, Kasane fibreglass, colourdark green, dimension L"'17.0,W"'J.O,H=1.0
Type,power boatmethoù ofpropulsion,outboardenginc,madeof
320 12-7-96 CH314 John Michael Dickie 1
24 State, Francistown fibreg1as,olour\\hteandgrey,dimensionL=4.7,W= 1.4H=1.0
321 12-7-96 CH 315 Hendrik JosefousOosthuizcn Type,power boatmcthodofpropulsiono, utboardenginmade of
Plot 12667,Box 7_0-tF,rancistown. fibreglass,colour\\lliteandblack,dimensionL=4W=LSO,H=:0.85 1
- --

26 THIRD SCHEDULE
(Regulation5)

REGISTEROFBOATREGISTRATIONS

Numhcr Rcgistndion Rcfc•·cncc Full namc ami Detailsof boat as

Date Ma1·ks Address of ownc1· rccordcd on owners
Assi~nctl llf)f)lication form
322 13-7-96 CH 316 R. Oxcnham Type power system method of propulsion outhoard enginc, made
Prh·ateBag 55, Kasanc of fibreglass colour blue and grey, dimension L=4, W=1.1H=1.0

323 22-7-96 CH 317 R. Oxenham Typepowerboatmethodofpropulsionoutboardengine,madeof
Prh·ate Bag 55, Kasane fibreglasscolour\\1Jiteandblack,dimensionL=4.0,W=\.10R:=J.O
32-J l-8-96 CH 323 Afro Ventures Safaris Barge, OBM, L=S.O,W=3.50, H=O.S,double cataram, white in

Box 323, Kasane colour, made of fibreglass
325 27-7-96 CH 318 Edward Bemard Johnson Dinghy, OBM propelled, hull conventional made of fibreglass,
Border Cash Store, Box 8, Kasanc colour crearn white, L:::3.70,:.70, H=O.70

326 10-8-96 CH 319 Dennis Vaneyasson Type,Punt swamp cruiser made of aluminuim, colour siker
Box 10 Kasane unpainted hull shape, conventional method of propulsion OBM
engine, dimension L=S.O,W=2.0, H=0.600
CH 320 Type.Cabincruisershapeofhullconventional,madeoffibreglass,
327 28-8-96 Gary W. Montgomery
Box 526, Mahalapye colourblue,L=4.5,W=\.8, H=l.8, metliodofpropulsion,OBM
328 30-8-96 CH 321XP Commissioner of Police Type, Dinghy made of aluminium, hull conventional, L=6,
T. T. B Nonh, Box .1,Francistown W=1.5,H=O.S, colour silver

329 5-9-96 CH 322 Mowana Safari Lodge Type,Speedboat,\\ith cmn-cntiol ullmadeof fibreglass,colourwhite
Box 266, Kasane withorangestripcOBMpropellcd,L-:::5.0W, =1.50,H=O.SO
330 13-9-96 CH321 Craig-Ho\der Van Der Wall Typee,Fishing boat, shape of hull con\·enlional made of fibreglass, colour white
boUom, blue tLm·tS7,\\'.91, 11"'0.80,mtthod of propulsion OBt.l
Box 287, Kasane
331 26-9-96 CH080 . Shane Terry Moss Type, motor boat, with a hull V shape, made of fibreglass, colour
Bag 79, Selibe Phikwe white, blue, red, L=5.W=:J.8,H""0;85

332 26-9-96 CH325 Gat)·Martin Wilson Type, Fishing boat!mU shape, cotwentional made offibreglass,
Bag 6, Sclibe Phikwe dimension L=5.5, W=l.8, H=0.85
333 15-10-96 CH 327 Michael S. francey Type, Dinghy out board engine with hull shape conventional,

----- 1\[roVentures, Box 32,Kasan~ made of fibreglass, L=-1.88,W=2.0, H=0.6, colour blue & white

27 THIRDSCHEDULE

(Regulation5)

REGISTEROF BOATREGISTRATIONS

Nun1her Rcgistration Reference Full namc and Details of boat as

Date Marks Addrcss or owncr rccordcd on owners
ASSÎ2RCd aiiJIIicationform
33-l !R-10-96 CH328 CharlesJ. Wright Type, lnflatableout boardenginc,withhull shapecon\'entional
Box:55, Kasane madeoffibreglass, colour red,\'eliow,L=.t.5,W=2.0,H=0.80
4-11-96 Van ZylJames Benjatnin Type Skiboat, OBM engine,hull shapcdconvenlional,madeof
335 CH276
Bag 118 SelibePhikwe fibreglass, V=·UO,W=I.85, H=0.70whiteboltomlbluetop
336 13-11-96 CH 329 Robin W. Crossman Type, Dinghy,OBM engine,hull shapedcom·entional,madeof
Box: 137,francislown fibreglass,dimensionL=4.7,=1.8,H=0.5, colourwhile/red
337 15-11-96. CH 331 BotswanaShift Engineering Type, Punt, OBM enginehull shapedconventionalmadeof

Bag 183,Maun aluminium,dimensionL=6.00, W=2.20,H=LOOcolourunpainted
338 15-11-96 CH 330 lchinga FishingCamp Type, Punt, OBMenginehull shapedcom·entionalmadeof
Box:55, Kasane aluminium,dimensionL=4.3, W=1.55,H=0.5colourunpainted
339 10-12-96 CH332 PhillipusA Van DerMeme Type, super boat, methodof propulsion,OBhullshaped,V
Box:618, Fmncistown shape, madeof fibreglass,colourgold, L=3.8, W=1.2, H""0.2

340 16-12-96 CH 333 LeeDa\'idGorman Type, Speedboat, methodof propulsion,OBM hullshapcd, made
Plot 10218,Broadhurt,Gaborone of fibreglass, 1,80, W=1.20,H=OA70,colourblack& red
Hl 27-12-96 CHJH AndrewJ, Van DerReit Type,powerboat,methodofpropulsio,utboardengine,hull
Box:10701,Tatitown conventiona, adeoffibreglas,L=4.0,1,1,H=1.0,colourgrey
Type,RubberDinghyOBM engine,hullconventionlolourbluewhite
342 2-1-97 CH 335 Richard!Trauss
Box 1043,Francistown stripdO\msides,commericallishiboatmadeofrubberdimensions
L=4,W=l.7,H=OAOO
HJ 29-1-97 CH 336 GilsonDube Type, Pontoon OBMenginc,hull shapedcon\'entional,colour
Box:82, Kasane white, madeoffibreglass, dimensionsW==7.50, =3.80,L=UO
3~4 3-2-97 CH 337 G. Williams Type,SkiboatOBM enginehulshapedcon\'entionl adeof
libreglass,colourblue/w,imensionsL=4.06,W=1.65,H=0.50
Bag K4, Kasane
H5 1-5-97 CHJ~I lntoafrica MowanaSafaris Type, DinghyOBME hull shaped,con,·entionalmadeof
Bo...:266, Kasane aluminium colour,silveruupainted, L=6.0,W=2.0,H=I.O
346 25-6-97 CH 342 Jonathan M. Gibson Type, Cataramanwith hullcataramanmadeoffibreglass,colour
dark greenL==7.6,W=3.6, H=~.O
--- - '--- _ _êQX}~,_!<a~ane

28 1

HIIRD SCHEDULE
(Regulation5)

REGlSTER OF BOAT REGrSTRATIONS

Number Rcgistraiion Reference Full name and Details oboatas
Dntc Mar'ks Addrcss of owner rccorded on o\rners
AssiKned BIIIJiicafionform
3-P 15-7-97 CH 3~3 JonathanM Gibson Type, Catammanwith hull shape com·entionalmade of

Box 32, Kasanc aluminium, colour darken, L=7.6, W=3.6,H=2.0
3-48 26-3-97 CH 338 GregoryJ. Thompson Type, dinghy, outboard engine, hull shaped,com·entionalmadeof
Bo..55,Kasane aluminium, colour unpainted,0, W=I.S, H=l.O
3~9 10--4-97 CH 339 Douglas R. Fingham Type Ski boat out boardengine, hull shapedV shaped, madeof
Box 56, Kaanc fibreglass, co\our,black, red, L=6.5, W=l.5, H=l

350 H-~-97 CH 1~6 West Bank Type Sld boat out board engine, hull shapcd deep V, madeof
Bo..8,Kasanc fibre~ lalusw,hite, L=-4.50,W=2.00,H:=l.50
351 2-6-97 KLOJJ !-.!osesMowa Type,canoepaddlesoars,madeoffibreglass,hullshape,monohull,
P.O1\asanclParakarungu P.-\.g~ucolourwlûte/vel(top),dimensiL~5.0 W0=0.75,H=0.45
352 5-6-97 KLOH Luckson M. Situmbeko Type,Dinghy, made of fibreglass, huUshape, com·entionalcolour
Box 128, Kasane white, dimenion L=3.19, W=1.32,H=0.46

353 19-K-97 K.L035 Sable Safaris Type, Pontoon,adeof steel.hull dual pontoon,colour black,
CioBag K-4,Kasane L=9.2,W=-4.15,H=9.5
35~ 6-10-98 KL036 Sable Safaris Type, Canoehanddri\'enhull shaped, con,·entionalmadeof
Bag 14,Maun fibreglass colourkJU"eend,imensions L=6.0, W=0.9, H=l.O
355 1-1-8-97 CH3-4-1 MowaChika T)·pe,Canoehanddri\'enhull shapcd, con\'entionalmadeof

Box 110,Kasane fibre~ cllaussark brown,dimensions L=17.0,W=3.0, H=1.0
356 29-8-97 CH3-'5 Christian Leonard T~-pM otorboatoprey,hullshape,conventionalmadeoflibreglass,
Bag 715, Tatitown, Francistown colourwhiteandblackstripe,dimensi1,W==1.2,H1.0
357 19-9-97 CH3-46 Jacobus FrcdrickDe Klcrk Type,SpeeboatOBM enginedrivehull shaconventîona, ade
Bag FI6-l,Francistown fibreglass,colourcreamandorange,dimL=4.9W=J.6,H=O.S

358 2~-9-97 CH3H Dusty Rodgcrs Type, Pontoonshaped catamaran, made of fibrcglass, colour white
lmpalila Island Lodge .& green, dimensions L=8.2, W=2.-l,H=l.6
359 9-10-97 CH 3~8 SteranDu Plessis Type, Specdoat, shape of hull, con\'entionalmade of fibreglass,
Bag K33 Kasane dimensionsL=-'.8,W=1.6,H=O.JOO,olou~re\'

29 THIRDSCHEDULE
(Regulation5)

REGlSTEROF BOATREGISTRATIONS

Numbcr Registrlltion Reference Full nllmc and Detailsof bmttas
Date Marks Addrcss ofmmer recorded on owners

Assi2ncd &IIIJiicatform
360 J.l-10-97 CH3-19 ThebeSafaris Type,Powerboat shaped,com·entional,madeofaluminium,
P. O. Box Thebe,Kasane colour unpainted,dimensionsL=8.0,W""1.8,H=::0.6
361 17-10-97 CH 350 ClifionLeslieSmith Type, Fishingboat,witha hullcooveotional,madeof fibreglass,
Box282,Kasane colourwhite,L::-., W=l.7 H=O7.

362 20-ll-97 CH351 NormanCharlie Type,Canoecolour blue light,hullmade conventionalmadeof
Box38,Kasane fibreglass,L=17.0, W==3., =1.0
363 28-11-97 CH352 StefanP. Duplessis T~:p Pon,toon,hullconventional,madeoffibreglass,L=6.0,
BagK33,Kasanc W=3.5, H=1.3,colourwhiteandgreen
36-1 16-12-97 CH353 RalphOxenman Type,powerboat with a hull,conventional, madeoffibreglass, ~

Bag55, Kasane colourwhite& grev,L=4.1 W=1.8,H=0.8
365 19-12-97 CH35-1 GaryW.Montgontcf)' Type,Dinghywitha hullshaped,conventional,madeof .·
Box526, Mahalapye fibreglass,dimensionsL=6.0,W=2.0,H:::2.0,colourwhite/blue
366 19-12-97 CH355 Jacobus ,·anRensburg Type,Dinghywitha hullshaped,conventio, adeofaluminium,
dimensionsL=5.0,W=1.50,H=0.50c,oloursilver/unpainted
Bag 1.t6, Kasane
367 12-l-98 CH356 Pre,·iewTrading Type,CanoewithOBMengine,hullshape,conventionalmadeof
Box 10,Kasanc fibreglass,dimensionsL=5.5,W,l.2, H=0.5
368 2-1-1-98 CH357 DustyD. Rodgers Type,Powerboat shape,conventionalmadeoffibreglass,
Box ImpalaislandLodgc dimensionL=3.8, W=1.8,H=1.0,colour whHcandgreen

369 H-l-98 CH358 lchingaFishingCamp Type, Powerboat shape,conventionalmadeoffibreglass,
Box55, Kasane dimensionL=-1.1,W=1.8,H=1.2,colour whitegrevand purple
370 9-2-98 CH359 Gregory J. Thompson Type,Dinghy,madeofaluminium,shapeof hull,convenlional,
BagK40,Kasanc L=6.0,W=1.8,H=0.6,coloursil\'er

371 16-2-98 CH360 BertsEnterprises Type,Motorboat madeof fibreglass,colourwhitewithhull,
Box290, Kasane conventional
372 2-3-98 CH362 Ke\"inC.Jaggcr Type,catamaran,madeoffibreglass, L=4.57,W=1.83,H=0.250,
Box26, Francistown colour white7 grey

JO ~--- -!

THIRDSCHEDULE
(Regulation5)

REGISTEROF BOATREG!STRATIONS

Number Registration . Reference Fullnamc and Details of boat as
Date Marks Addrcss of owner recorded on owners
Assigned apJ!Ucation form

373 14--l-98 CH363 MathewsSmith Type, Alucraft, madeofaluminiumsteel,·hulconn~ntional,
Bag K31, Kasane colourmetalicgrev,dimensionsL=6.0, W=l.5, H=0.5
374 5-6-9H CH365 NgamiMarine Type:Trimaran, ethodofpropulsi,utboardenginewithhullshaped
Bag041,Maun trimamn,nuilleofaluminiu,olourunpainte,=S.OW=3.6 ,=0.4

375 26-6-98 CH366 AndriesD. Potgieter Type, Powerboat methodofpropulsion,outboardengine,hull
Box 10701,Francistown shapcd,conYentionalmadeof fibreglass,colour blu& white
L=4.20,W=l.8, H=l.O
376 28-7-98 CH367 lan Kerr Type, Fishingboat,bull shape,com·entionalmadeoffibreglass,
Bag F20, Francistown colourred,white,dimensionsL=16ft, W=8ft,H=3ft

377 27-7-98 CH368 KaribuSafari PtyLtd Typeswampcruiserhullshapedconventional,madeofaluminium
Bag39, Maun colon unpainted,dimensionL=7.0, W=l.8 H=0.6
378 17-9-98 CH369 Chobe Safari Lodge Dinghy,conYentionalmadeofalwnininm andunpainted,
Box 10,Kasane dimensionsL=8, W=2,H==0.6
RossWamick Dwyer Rubberdinghyconventionalmadeof rubber,.outboardengine,
379 28-9-98 CH371
Box55, Kasane colour brown,typerubberduck, dimensionsL=3.0,W=2.0,R:=il.S
380 6-10·98 KL037 SableSafaris Type, Canoehanddrivenmadeof fibreglass,cotourdarkgreen, 1
Bag 14,Mann dimensionsL:::6.0,W=O., H=1.0
381 6-10-98 KL038 SableSafaris Type, Canoehanddri\'enmadeof fibreglass,colourdarkgreen,

Bag 1-1:, aun dimensionsL=6.0,W=0.9,H=I.O
382 6-10-98 KL039 SableSafaris Type, Canoehanddrivenmadeof fibreglass,colourdarkgreen,
Bag 1-t,Maun dimensionsL=6.0,W=0.9,H=I.O
383 29-9-98 CH372 J. J\'OS Type, motorboat, madeof fibreglass V-shapedconventional,

Box83, Mahalapyc colour greenandorange,dimensionL=.f.50,H=2.00,W=0.75
38-1: 3-11-98 CH373 DanielleChadwick Type, Canoemadeof fibreglass,colour white,conventiomllmade
--- --· Kasane paddledriven,dimensionsL=5.2, H=0.45, W=0.50

31-~--· -- --·-· --.-------------=----
~ 1

THIRD SCUEDULE
(Rcgul:~ 5tion

REGISTEROF BOATREGISTRATIONS

Number Registration Reference Full namc and Detailsof boat as

Date· Marks Address ofownc1· rccorded on owncrs
Assigncd amllication form
385 CHJ74 Christopher

386 2-11-98 CH375 Yamaha PowerSen·ice Type,Dinghy,outboardengine,madeofaluminiwn, Vshaped
Ba2 K-'-0, asane cmwentionn\colour unpainted,dimensionsL=4W=01.60,H=0.60 1
387 27-11-98 CH377 YamahaPowerSen·ice Type,DinghyOBMengine,madeof aluminium,colourunpainted

BagK40,Kasane L=3.7,W=1.4,H=0.6
388 27-11-98 CH378 YamahaPowerService Type, DinghyOBMengine,madeof aluminium,colourunpainted
Ba~ K40,Kasane L=3.7,W=l.4, H=0.6
389 25·1-99 CH 379 SimonLamonl Dinghy,OBM,aluminium,silverish,L=5.00,W=l.90, H=0.60

Box 55,Kasane 1469Plateau ----·-· - -

J2 NAMIBIAN REGISTERED BOATS

THIRDSCHEDULE
(Regulation5)

REGISTER OF BOAT REGlSTRA TfONS

Numbcr Rcgistration Reference Full namc and Detailsof boat as

Date Marks Address of owncr recorded on owners
Assi2ned ap1Jiicationorm
1 2-1~10·90 CH 131 John AnnstrongAddison Dinghyout boardmotorcom·entional colourred/white,madeof
Box501, KatimaMulilo,Namibia fibreglass,L=·U, W=l.7, H=0.6
2 2-1·10·90 CH 132 John AnnstrongAddison Dinghyout board motorconventionalcolour blue, madeof

Box 501,KatimaMulilo,Namibia fibreglass,L=-1.4,W=l.7, H=0.65
3 2-1·10·90 CH 133 John AnnstrongAddison Dinghyout board motorconventionalcolourorange/greymadeof
Box501, KatimaMulilo,Namibia fibreglass, L=3.8,W=l.5 H=O.S
2-1·10·90 CH IH John AnnstrongAddison Dinghyout board motorconventionalcolourorange/greymadeof
""' Box501,KatimaMulilo, Namibia fibreglass,L=3.8, W=l.5, H=0.5

5 2-1·10·90 CH 135 John AnnstrongAddison Dinghyout board motorconvenlionalcolourorange/greymadeof
Box501, KatimaMulilo,Namibia fibreglass,L=3.8, W=I.5, H=0.5
6 2-1·10·90 CH 136 John AnnstrongAddison Dinghyout board molorconvenlionalcolourorange/greymadeof
Box501, Katima Mulilo,Namibia fibreglass,L=3.8, W=l.5, H=0.5

7 2-1·10-90 CH 12-1 John AnnstrongAddison Dinghyout board motorcom·entionalcolourorange/greymadeof
Box501,KatimaMulîlo,Namibia fibreglass,L=-1.3,W=1.7,H=0.6
8 2-1-10-90 CH 137 John AnnstrongAddison Dinghyout board motorconventionalcolour orange/greymadeof
Box501,KatimaMulilo,Namibia fibrcglass,L=3.8, W=I.S, H=0.5

9 2-i-10-90 CH 138 John AnnstrongAddison Dinghyout board motorconvenOonaJcolour orange/greymadeof
Box501, KatimaMulîlo,Namibia fibreglass,L=3.8, W=l.5, H=0.5
JO U-10-90 CH 139 John AnnstrongAddison Dinghyout board motor conventionalcolour orange/greymadeof
Box501, KatimaMulilo,Namibîa fibreglass,L=-1.8,W=0.9,H=O.S
JI 2-1-10-90 CH 1-10 John AnnstrongAddison Dinghyout board motor conventionalcolour orange/greymadeof

Box501, KatimaMulilo,Namibia fibreglass,L=-1.8,W=0.9,H=O.S
12 2-1-10-90 CH 1-11 John AnnstrongAddison Dinghyout board motorconventionalcolourorange/greymadeof
Box501 KatimaMulilo,Namibia fibreglass,L=4.8, W=0.9 H=0.5
13 1·11-90 CH 1-12 G. A Booker Dinghyoutboardengine,con\'entionalcoloursilvcr,L=4.2,

- L__ - ·-- 34ATnunp St Johannesburg · W=I.8, H=l.l -- -------- -----------

HURD SCHEDULE
(Rcgula!ion5)

REGISTEROF BOATREGISTRATIONS

Nurnber Registration Reference Full namc and Detailsof boat as

Date Marks Addrcss of owner rccordcd on owners
Assi2ncd a1)JIIicationform
14 2-J.1-90 CH 125 John AnnstrongAddison Dinghyoutboardengine,convenûonalcolourorange/grey,made
Bo:.:01,KatimaMulilo,Namibia offibreglass, L=4.3,W=l.7, H=0.6

15 24-10-90 CH 126 John AnnstrongAddison Dinghyoutboardcngine,conventionalcolourorange/grey,made
Box501,KatîmaMulilo,Namibia ·offibreglass, L=4.3,W=l.7, H=0.6
16 24-10-90 CH 127 John ArmstrongAddison Dinghyoutboardengine,conventionalcolourblack,madeof
Box501 KatimaMulilo,Namibia rubber,L=3.7, W=1.6,H=0.45 i
CH 128 John AnnstrongAddison Dinghyoutboardengine,conventionalcolourblue/white,madeof
17 24-10-90
Box501,KatimaMulilo,Namibia fibreglass,L=3.8,W=I.5, H=0.5
18 24-10-90 CH 129 John AnnstrongAddison Dinghyoutboardengine,conventionalcolourorange/grey,made
Box501,KatimaMulilo,Namibia offibreglass, L=4.3,W=l.7, H=0.6
24-10-90 CH 130 John ArmstrongAddison Dinghyoutboardengine,conventionalcolourgrey,madeof
19 \. 1
Box501,KatimaMulilo,Namibia aluminium,L=5.6,W=L9, H=0.65 i
20 6-6-91 CH155 BernardS. Sitengu Dinghydrh·enbyOBMEcom·entionalhullmadeoffibreglass,
Box287,Katima Mulilo,Namibia colourwhollvwhitewithredtrim,L""4.5,W=1.7,H=0.-16 1
21 CH 156 JacobusVisagae

KatimaMulilo i
22 10-7-92 CH053 Alexanderdonald Lake Dinghy,OBMEdrivendoublehullmadeof fibreglass,L=3.1,
39 DickensAvenue,Orkney2620 W=l.2, H=0.75,colourwhite/blue
RSA 1

2J 22-12-93 CH 187 AfricaCaniero SkiBoat,OBMpropclled,colour bluewit.hlightblue lnes,red
Box30,Stella,RSA linc,whiteline,Conventionalhull madeoffibreglass,L=6.00,
W=2.00,H=2.00
2-t CH 156 G.JacobusVisagie Catamranhouse,propclledbyinboardmotor,hullcatamaran
26-8-92
Box98, KatimaMulilo,Namibia madeofsteel,L=41. 5,W=8,H=1.2,colourblack 1
25 CH007 G.JacobusVisagie Type,Dinghy,propelledbyOBMconventionalhullmadeof
Box98, KatimaMulilo,Namibia aluminium,L=9,W""'-R 2,=0.8,colouraluminium(unpaintcd)
26 CH009 G. JacobusVisagie T~·p Ienatablcdinghy,hullcatamaran(vinol)madeof

----· Box98, KatimaMulilo,Namibia rubber/plastic,L=4.5,W=1.5,H=0.45,colouryellow

2 . ; i -~-...--'··-·--·._.c
THlRD SCHEDULE
(Regulation5)

REGISTEROF BOATREGISTRATIONS

Number Registraiion Rcfe•·cncc Full name and Detailsof boat as
Date Marks Address of owncr rccordcd on owners
As.si2ncd a111llicatiform
CHOIO
27 G. JacobusVisagie Type,Ferry,propclledby inboardmotor,hull, flatbottommadeof
Box98, KatimaMulilo, Namibia steel,L=13,W""3,H=l.200,colour black
28 8-2-93 CH212 R.F.Herbst Dinghy,hullshapedconventionalmadeof fibreglass,L"'13,W"'4,
ShadowCourt,FamonaEulaways, H=l, colourwhite/yellow,OBMpropelled
Zimbabwe

29 14-10-93 CH 175 PetrusPaulFerreira Type,SkiboatOBM propelle,olourblue/gr&ywhite,sizeL=4.50,
21ElandST.Box 733,LouisTrichardt Wo:.J.90H=0.60,onventionalullmadeofwood& fibre!llass
30 17-12-93 CH239 BarryGrahamMcGracar Type,Dinghyout boardmotorenginepropelled,L=l5.6, W=:l.8,
20 WelkonST, K.JopperParkJHB H= 1.0,colouredgre\' madecom·entionalfibreglass
31 19-5-94 CH 1-19 PieterBester Rubberdinghy,OBMpropelled,L=4.27, W=l.51, H=0.61,
Palm StreetBox70, Pietersburg, conventionalhull madeof rubbercolour black

RSA
32 U-12-94 CH253 MarkStevenColvin Type,Canee,hand/oardriYen,colourwhite/red,L=3.0,W=O.S,
263GravPark Road Bluff,RSA H=0.45,hull conventionalmadeof fibreglass
33 5-7-9~ CH298 GordonGrayfield Outboardmotorengine,dinghy,madeof fibreglass,hull shaped

KalizoFishingLodge,Katima conventionalcolouris blu& white,L=-1.2,W=l.7, H=0.6
Mulilo (Yamaha)
3-1- 7-7~9-1 CH297 GoruonGrayfieldBranfield Outboardmotorengine,madeoffibreglass, 75 HP marineshape
491-Chironia \'Cit, eldeKurin, com·entionalcolouris silver& maroon,L=-1.0,W=1.8,H=0.5
RoodeporTt ut1726,RSA
35 13-7-95 CH267 WillcmStmyf L=5.40,W=l.IO, H=l.O,Motorboat;OBMyellow& white

Box86, KatîmaMulilo,Namibia fibreglassmade,conventionalshaped
36 7~11-95 CH271 ZambeziQueen Type,Punt,conYentionalhull madeof aluminium,colourAhn.
Box98, KatimaMulilo,Namibia UnpaintedOBMdriven,L"'6.10,W=l.90, H=0.45
37 7-11-95 CH272 ZambeziQueen Type, Puni,com·entionalhull madeofaluminium,colour plain

Box98, KatimaMulilo,Namibia aluminiumOBMdrh•en,L=5.0,W=1.80,H=0.45
38 7-11-95 CH273 ZambeziQueen Type,Punt, convenlionaJhull madeofaluminium,colourAlm.
Box98, KatimaMulilo,Namibia UnoaintedOBMdriven,L"'6.10,W=1.90,H"'0.45

3 THlRD SCHEDULE
(Regulation 5)

REGISTEROF BOAT REGISTRATlONS

Numbcr Registmtion Reference Full name and Details of boat as
1
Date Marks Address of owner rccorded on owners
Assigned a1H1licatioform
39 7-ll-95 CH280 ZambeziQueen Type, Pontooncon\'entionalhull madeoffibreglass,colom white
Box 98, KatimaMulilo, Namibia & blue, L=3.70, W=2.00,H=0.50,handdrh·eni.e. b}'paddles
7-11-95 CH281 ZambeziQucen
40 Type,Pontoonconventionalhull madeoffibreglass, colour white
Box 98, KatimaMulilo, Namibia & blue,L=3.70, W=2.00,H=O.SOh ,anddriven Le.b}'paddles
-tl 7-11-95 CH 282 ZambeziQueen Type, Canoe,con\'entionalhullmadeof tibreglass,colour of ;
Box 98, KatimaMulilo, Namibia white,L=J.OO,W=O7 . 00,H=O.JOOh ,andlpaddledriven
. 42 13-3-96 CH 292 ZambeziQuccn Type, Puni,OBM propelledhullmadeofaluminium,colour of

Box 98, KatimaMutilo, Namibia unpaintedaluminium, L=6.10, W=l.90, H=0.45
-13 -1-7-96 CH305 G.Jacobus Visagie Type,Punt, hullshape,com·entionalmadeofaluminium,colour
Box98, KatimaMulilo, Na1nibia unpaintedALM DimensionL=7.1, W""9 .0,H=0.45
.u. 21-9-96 CH 32-l- TrenleyC. VanSluys Type, Dinghy,shapewithcon\'entional,hullmadeof rubber,

J BergST Luderitz,Namibia dinghy(Hyperlow),colour red stripand blue,dimension L=3.5,
W=.900,H=.500,methodOBM engines
-15 27-9-96 CH326 Leonard HernyGreenway Type, Dinghyhullshape,conYentionalmadefibreglass,
Stand No.823, KatimaMulilo, dimensionL""7.l, W=1.52,H=0.55,colourred

Namibia
46 21-4-97 CH340 Jonathan L. Nyambe Type, Dinghy,outboardengine,hullshaped conventiona1,made
P. O. KasikaVillage,Namibia of fibregtass,colourwhite L=3.95, W=1.80,H=0.600
-17 20-2-98 CH 361 Robert S.Sitcngu Type,Dinghy,shape ofhull, com·entionatmadeof fibreglass,

Box490, KatimaMulilo colourcream, L=l.J, W=.l51, H=0.60
-18 22--1-98 CH36-I. LubindaJ. Nyambe Type, dinghy,made offibreglass, hutlconventionalcolour white
Bo.'\189,Ngwezi KatimaMulilo and red, L=3.65, W=LJO,H=0.315
-19 12-ll-98 CH370 ZambcziQucen Type, Spcedboat, conventionalmadeofaluminium,colour
Box 98, KatimaMuli!o alu•!!Îniumsilver,dimensionL=8.0, W"'2.0,H=0.30
~ - - - ~

;'~ ··.·'. '' -.. .;--·-~.·------- ...·~-~·----·....~. .-· ·4·~·-_:._
THIRDSCHEDULE
(Regulation5)

REGISTEROF BOATREG!STRATIONS

Numbcr Rcgistration Reference Full name and Detailsof boat·as
Date Marks Address of owncr recordcd on owners
Assi)!ncd ap(Jiicationform 1

50 2·2·88 CH090 JohnEdwardMatthee Skiboat,outboardenginecon,·entional,fibreglass,whiteand
Box 98, Katima-Mulilo, S.W.A blueL=.t9, WLS, H= 1
51 CH116 JohnAnnstrongAddison Canoe,PaddledriYen L=·l-.8,W=0.9,H=O.S,conventional,colour '
1~·9·90
KalizoCamp,KatimaMulilo orange/wlùte
52 l~-9·90 CH 117 JohnAnnstrongAddison Canoe,Paddledih·en L=~. 8,=0.9,H=O.S,conventional,colour
KalizoCml!P,Katima Mulilo orange/white

53 ·~-9.90 CH 118 JohnAnnstrongAddison Canoe,Paddledriven L=~.8 W =O.9,H=O.S,conventional,colour
KalizoCamp,KatimaMulilo orange/white
·--

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:!

1"_;:~
-·--~
~._.
';"tl')1
l ~' -
DerCaprivizipfel '
1 _!
t wahrend der deutschen Zeit i
,_
1890-1914 e i
1 f-·
•

l MariaFisch
1
·1 •.
!
•.
'>

RÜDIGERKôPPE VERLAG KôLN

L dem Letia unterstelltwar. Er besprach mit Mr WallaΠauch die
Rinderforderungender Caprivianerund erbielt das Versprechen, alles

untersuchen zu lassen und das Privateigentum zurückzugeben. Mr
Wallaceriet, in wichtigenAngelegenheitennur noeh mit den wei6en
Beamtenvon Sesheke zu verhandeln, um Letia zu zeigen, da.Bsein
·Mitspracherechtim Capriviendgültigerloschensei (ibid. S. 91).

Die ReiseStteitWolfsging von SeshekeperEinbaumaufdem Zambezi
bisKazungula,dann auf dem Landwegmit einer Ochsenkarrebis Li~
vingstoil.,on wo er einen Abstecher ·zu den Viktoriafâllenmachte.

Aufdem Riickwegnahmer eine andereRouteund erkundeteden Un­
terlaufdes Linyantibis Ngoma, die Mambovakatarakteund die Inseln
Mpaliraund Makumba.
. ·~

Auf dieser Reise machte Streitwolfdie Bekanntschaft mit den zwei
einflu8reichsteinduna der Subiya, dieim Caprivi ansâssigen waren.
Er besuchte zweimal Munyaza zu Ikaballtomba, der Streitwolfs

Wunscherfülltundzwëlf Dorfvorsteherversammehbatte.Diesebrach·.
tenihreKlagenund Sorgen vor undvemahmen·dankbarausdem Mun-­
de der Polizeidiener,da8 die schlimmenGeriichte über die Deutschen
reineErfindung seie Str~itwolfversicherteihnen, da8siein Zukunft

mehrFreiheitgenie8enwürdenais unterdemRegimeder Lozi(ibid. S.
95).

·Der zweite Besuch galt dem zu Kasika (westlich der lnsef Mpalira)

lebendenChikamatondo, "an important headman under Malozi rule•.
Offensichtlichfa6teStreitwolf zuihm Vertrauen und bewog ihn, nach
Schuckmannsburgmitzukommen(Trollope1940:9; Nat. Arch. Pretoria
l/431vom 3.D~embe 1r942).

Chikam.atondobane offensichtlich nicht an den Aufstand der Subiya
gegendie Loz.iteilgenommen·und war im Caprivi gebJieben,ais die
Masseder Subiya in den 1870erJah.ren naeh Botswanafloh. Danach
hatteer die Aufsichtüber den.tleinen Bezirk, der bisdah.iKakumba

·anvertrauwar, übemommen. Nacbdemsich die Lozi aus dem Caprivi
zurückgezogenhatten, lebteChikamatondo anscbeinend zurückgezogen,

43 '
L.A.Wallacewu 19Q9.191AdministratronN.W.ltbodcsieund 1911-1921 ~.
GouverneurvogànzNordrhodesien(Roberta1976:2SS).
'(
ss· :j
·= 0?07140089?.

~o ~ ;~s=31

NachdemStreitwolfsicheinengrabenÜberblickverschaffthatte. wagte
er Ende des Jahr1909 zum erstenMal eineSchatzungdeimCapri-__
vizipfel lebendenBevôlkcrung:5 000Subiya, 2 500 Fwe (einschJieBiich
der zugezogenen80 Familienvon Kaliangire),1 500 Yeyi, 2 000 Mbu­

kushu und 300 Kxoé.Mehr als 2 000 Personen warenJahre 1909
zugewandert,wovondie MehrzahlsicherSubiyawaren(ZBU118, Bd. ·
. 1:217; Streitwolf 1911:138, 2260 .

. lmVergleichdazuseiendieZiffernvon Seiner(1906:134)angeführt. l
1905,aisder Exodusbereitseingesetzthatte, schâdieEinwohner ·
des Ostcaprivauf4 200. EinJahspatergaber diefolgendenZahJen
an: Am rechten Zambeziufer. also im Caprivi, lebten nur noch 846.
Subiya,aufdem zambischen Ufer dagegeS 400 und am Chobe an­

geblichweitere3 100.AnFwegabes amMashi2 460und im West-
caprivi630Personen,dazu kamennoch900 Mbalangwe.Die Zahl der ·.1
Yeyi, die in den Sümpfennichtzu erfassen waren, schâtzteer auf nur
860 {Seiner1909a101f).DieMissionarevon Andara gaben diZahl
der Mbukushu, die Diyeve direkunters~d ienJahre 1913 mit
3 000an (Ml 1914, Vol. 4:175)

Autbau der ResidenturScbuckmannsburgund Ausbildung

einheimischer Polizisten

Wie schon bericbtet wurde, erhielt das Personat der Residentur zu­
nachst nur behelfsmiBigeUnterkünfte,denn solangeder Regen anhielt
und die Flutebeneinder Umgebung nicheinigerma.Babgetrocknet
waren, konnteeinBaumaterialherangeschafftwerden.Die Verantwor­
tung fiir die Bauarbeiten übemahm Feldwebel Ansorge, unterstützt
durch PolizeisergeantBrunk. wurden 10 000lehmziegeJgebrannt
und gro6eMengen Gras und Ried geschnitten.Die grô6ten Schwierig­

keiten bereitete diehaffunggutenBauholzes,denn in der Nihe gab
es keinen Mopanewald.Die Stimme mu8tenin mühseligAtbeitaus
einerEntfernungvon36km herangefahrwerden.
i
A1s HauptmannStreitwol.fAnfangOktober von semer Kavangoreise .,
zurückkam, berichteteer: "Hier fichalles in schànster Ordnung.- 1\
Der tüchtige FeldwebelAnsorgwar sehr flei8ig gewesen und batte
wàhrendmeinerzweimonatlichenAbwesenheitdieganzeStatiausge­

baut. Ausdein Lager der Polizisten war ein kleinegewo~den.

102 .
. !

- -o...i·$.ZMOS6Jab 07071400897. S.'3 ·:. ·:··
31 l"'ar 99 1S:31 ,··

Maria Fisch, Der Caprivizjpfew l dhrendderdeutschenZeit [The Caprivi
StripDuringthe GermanPeriod]l890-l914(1996}

[85]Chilaunatondoobviouslybadnottaken partinthe ùprisingoftheSubiyaagainstthe Loziand
had stayedinthe Capriviwhenthe majorityofthe Subiyainthe 1870sfiedto Botswana.

[02]In compariso ·nnemayquotethemunbers ofSeiner(1906:134). ln1905.when theexodus
bad alreadystarted. beestimatedtheinhabitantof the~ Caprivito number4.200.Ayear
laer hegavethefollowingnumbers:on tbt:rightbankoftheZambezii ..e.in theCaprivi,tbere
. .. ..-livedotù&46 Subiya,-ontbe·Zambian bank--otfhriver,however,5.400'Œld :alongthe Cbobe -- ··· ....
allegedlysornefutther3.100.

,.:- Ol/10 '96 14:08 PAl 380888 ADKIN.SBO CP i)OOo

.. • 1

rhe ~ŒJ[Q a )nd D&l ....~.- ..1 ~ ..

Fwe of Caprivi

Any historicagrounds for a status primusInter pares?.

ince: tbegil'lningofŒn-·- lU61 of1971,11reccgnized the eProf.Chris Marltz of rbe

.. . turythe~ hasbccn periodic aau: aso. ed "tn'Olovemmcnt' Deparlment of Developmenr
confliet i.nthe Caprivi re(ILftufar e:aofÙJcm.aut othu than
S Namibia bel:l\·een the Mafusual, 'thePtodamaticn did not ducrlbees at rhe Rand
F"'·e)and Masuhi3 (Subi·.s~Aof. the geographic~ll orthe l!o-callr:drikaans Untversit)'.
:t~ uavs:c:ontributo the struggl"tribauthori Tle-rts~. for this
]ohannesbuTg, zmces the
,c,mv t~cst-[Wethnigraups,:occu-secms ro be "'"·o: n lhon.band, history of the Capriui as weH
1:1tioand uset-rights en l01ndi:.cx:umé ponf cou~'not be fand
-.ointm<!nts.pos:~npomotionsin stlli nor neen)founcl t31compe· as tbe histories ofborrhe
~h jt:t regior~dminist sd.mli.ent uholiry lud geofW.!phiolly deiLT·
Sltbia and Fweunder vari­
.;iot<undll. ofel$Ungfadliries: tmmed :lpolitiCl! bounben\-eethe ous."!!~ tf~ cnmdesTo the
quc:~ ofvn'hethc:rahe i;a$i1lglerw.e:and Subta and:-ronsequ-=.ndy, p·­ ;
crol LTlor nandth.:~.ppoi nfa:eneentncte::uifthe. "''boEottlcm conclusion ibar na grvimds
~e. .teachtTS in clifras.:tthen Capriv'Wljointly jnlubited illld exist10substantiare the.
hc::W.f this co~pp:m: -ill)·hlbite sroupsin 5pko! the lutrlicir
clatm of theSubia to
Coh~; n~nMdiddleton oU 1ntligenonand:admini."'trrecup1iliOn~ibnl begemony tn tbis
nL"S.:'Thosc:ttfitinthe arca and.arcu•. On the other h:lnd.lh\'l!•ia
~rLicub r.hy,,..,e.,it originalhemcntly c.ltmYthat th.an)'such region ojNamibia.
au1.horiryin this bec:au~..con- boundarr: thcbridur thf~T isTIOt
quc:.stseemc!IaLIJ:1~ en-llunoe allin.group butim:~d ue ofdiff~·
1
timtfor indigenousm."_5-. IL!trcup5. :md thï't these groups are
ln~.~.t'o redC:apO..·ir.hillrsuhn.-dinaOlt<houldhe !rubordinllte.
to repe:ued cbim by the Suhi2 thatcthe Subtaus the ::tpplkatiun to the
fwc-are (ot shoubt-suhoniitwcLu courtlndica r~\!thclc:ss: frhe

C:-:Subil, :andth~uhi::tchld 1s(ugOVt.'mDltmr'Ssidef"-"and 5uhia
shnuldbe)Lhr~uler (numfntem o~e )ae tlaughou1 bt'~ ancept.-e:IS
theC:~pr :idvit n~::tbit:lntS.Cl::timc; CQU215:a;~~sch.::tnd h;~s
:~n dl~tna ondhsinall·toh;tve ho!beenacŒptetl thnt tis icxbrenc-t
rai~ m::nyimesin thp..,:lnd'ti."C:social border. v.:hich l leg::ù-

pt:not.lkmt'durt!c tl-ernil· lyenforŒd in !=t'O,!tt:IJ"hialtcmts.
:ntd munvch.;-m h~tT'SurilThe TTis. unùlh.circUmsl!lnt:lt'-
brest examploF.~u .:pcch-u;t~p~rce.e-p tarede is. ofulenùJgt.-nOLis­
mem is "''h:tl:non·!l.lhC' K:nim~n~'"C:1srelerretl tn ::ahm·eJcan cl:tlif\·
D~cl: ol:::in.1J1.'ncliinn or themt!ri<.'l~tfili ofthet"G.0

,\l~ ··9 ...Jc:ro :-l:daim h:u; J.,'Tl.o t:!'ltlhli;"Duldrt"qltin:
:11'-'k:r1nn.unlCruuffidainn::.'tth:u gn:au..-r~br!'l..".d1Tnthre
g;:1t tto.!~:'":;1ppliC':in the utîgimo\'tm m dM:tdt'JTiof the
iuprcmc Ccun in \\indh inn~lkS T"'and rh<Suhi:t m th!ginn "'htch
(t~. apeilru rh,;:Appelbtc Oi'-"U'Ion lai-er hec:am:1kh<!~ts:tl:"m

1inBloemfon't l'L·upr.nle-Court Colpch'i-R",!!i2hout "'blch hi.~.e
tt:jrtthe :lpplic:ttionof LheS\thi:aC.belef ~.: first Luyl/Lur:m:., ln%.1
to he dc:darcdnwllillleifan the klngclom 1\':ll!e:oocbli~·h.ui'r.ln
ground$truit~-ou notb: cnnsi!Œlltno\\" soulh"'Hf Z:ltnbi:d and nf 1\'hich
"-'ith the prc\'l.IÎhnJt: llhe:u.tenCnplvtlormcdp:r.rt:

court. ho\Ve\'er, tliJ not ;.;aintr'lhi.'üCricll
. grouncls "'·h i~echim t"e5:uW, .i
rhus.<.nolcon~i tdecl:J.imfnÙllltThe origin of Caprivi
perspo::tivc.
Asshown helnw. since cml or The firL.oJcingdom

Gc1'11ntleov1rtht!'Capithasbc'cn v~ in rermsp«t. fo\ll"pnuthc­els
iLC<.:.:c'h:~.'ilr'.aplts=m:lp) historicour an b·distinw, ~0ishcd
isinhabiledhy t\\'di.c;uict grcups,ichcursory:lrtention wllgivl!n,
r.:.mely r.he F""" anSt1bi1The~. nam~I the tlrsl.o~U.nyi,L'Uyana)
· SoutArrit:l:''V!:!:rmu'OClnma- kingdcm, the lioloJo king~om.

.,

\Q,26 Na 2 1996 AFRIC,.INSlGHT 171 ll!oo~.
ADKINS . EC.OP
Ol/10' '88 . 14:08 PAX 3508&8

THE SUBIAMilff"WE OF.CAPRIVÎ

l.u%i J..m).!J~m. lhiu.: hc~ctimn !Î;tnj:!IIÏTtheStntlhW'-'l'ŒrnI."UufT
1c~-~a nnd:.Îuh .\frkJnt'CJr'lln•ll.lht!I:Hcr l.":t'ü prid 1tu :.tu ah~
l:tlnuh:::til.:l~-nrdll n n!..! furr.lthrttUJ.thc Lin~: Rmn!l anr.l

tro~ d w<tÏ:i<iunlul:.tl.:;,knuwn thu:otu '-'ll lo~.11at~nrit'-' thi,o;
:JS \lhnru Wm•h~ Ino-rl.ul!n~oi1:i; . ;r'.l"On tt·t rtmn rl'<~.~tm~i}!n
nr!'lHIJ~ \II.:tllkuyu.lnWl1:tllrot.l:lf:u 1'1.-.hrudH'-'~~ 1;l"r,·t!ùfm111

j.Lnuwn ;t:-~•urhwl"!l..ambi:t.frwn thl.n:llnt· :1flher n:-prt:!'lt\'11fJ Ii
wh~o. b·'tnm·c r~.lJIUi:rtlll\tli~ -'.l!ulllh:tn;,mdy \\'.r.nHw;~nJ J!I. ··
,,nrn~ w·uht·r. :O.I\\-;IIi.m••n"ll ~J!(lnll:tl;l futh:tt.i\";.ihac..h.:tl

~U\\,; ''il. .hIZ n:..~~.m tnl ~ .n-rh..~u-.:antim~ .l:~~i~puint~
. +-------"~~ ~·- -· - (.· li,_,n;;;tÎ)cl;n1:11~~.· l :m,\iwan:•n;.:umh<H.~:lllj! 1W'rltei
I)Urin tiS pntt't" ~'Jw~an:tmhm}'i l.ln\':a;~r 1..t-l:1llmrullmtl h:td1

\\ :l,tI;rr:.l~aÎ (c l!JUlIIJ!'I.U1 :,)..,, h:tpJuJinn'thr hin1·ru~ru;.~,rd
K:•un:t\lul~ 1l:mu :H lrmg:t lsl:rnr.lth'-rn.b:·althe KW::tnù•ll:t:<Rh~r.
li!'an~:·ndhi.'\Sunin._,_jfnn.lhl:l­ n:nl,ch· !'e:l~IU!!> :11! ~h.-.·:nu ··nv:t

namhinyi ru 1\al"un ~uilt:.:L'l.:ll.'dLtk.; ... ln tm.mnt•r rhr: p!'c-.~o.:nr
\l'itlu~ fullu\\·t·r.. 111IIULI•kl• :Oapm\ h~ :m1t'p:.lll th~ l·zi l..l!lg-
.\1.uumhin\'1,;.n \luli:l...nunu ~..1 Jum lllldt':!umh:tb Ju~in rg... Ùr.-'t
1
hi-. l.uh•·~..unp: ~1lftr.--1uld1 h:•h' ..;' '"-.~hil •·ntury:nll.h
:-.._- 1.tt(Jf"lll_.1~;lllh• 1h._·roJ.t••.tU:n111 lf>:h:ttl•• t!u111·"l:iy

b~,.·J-i"<'lt'\.1:o.uhi:r ,ru:lil):hl 1.1\.._.r!rt· lruh:r.~
tl'Il\\i<hlho..•irt'l\1\.•n.ull.dn.·. '1hi· ,:1u:..rion t•l'it.h:ntl,. .., ish:ù
1r'"1.'11a!1.1.hih- h"t'kd tilt' .\lhu­untk-r"U• l'l-"1n•lcn- •1h~ f'i111l';i

•• k11.,rllj,.nd~ Jil,,.IfÎoll i~L'I:I.:'kitt).o::111111l '';•.. .-rn'''n lw
l·w,· ..uun.·~1:1 taf .'I.IW.in~•!'idlt.t:w :md hL-.J..:ln inihv l:Jh:
mhin1~._-.,.r 1.•.u,1.u1·h"iu it-~ 1S:\1!:.. iri~.tk~lr i'r~ r•. :1t-up

dudt•l:ll!t.. 1a p.Uïrth..- pr...kty..111.1an~ .rLt.rll.lilt•H['i'-ht' lt.~<'.i
c.:rprh'i·'nd h:11'\;.!;ll.tb..•1nh 1.in;.:Ù••I•!l ;.t:ro\itlun .Inti utlJ.._-,.
l.w:l nrlo·pl:tn "rh.:,..nullwr:rnd t'llllii'Hlrh..-cui.WUllhl Jmn· hl.'\.'!1

•11•nh·· ~n=JUpiu .,,ti-. tlw 1.ui':1-.•n..i.d.tu.h,_111...-u.to.:hnwnnn
lt·rriH•r' .-i 1h.·nu• Id t·--l:lhli.,1.<11!"1'Io:e~: :md ~in1''"-"''"-am.! m·
LIl oL;:.h. n..'l'dr-''\1\.n:unhm ~1 :t·rl..:ro.rn nuo.•rnLt"'' .tJf:tIli:-.

.tml \Ilp''urnlt•r ,~inJ ,.1-it·d'· 1h.:r..•1':.ulJ,..I.Uhk- h.t!1hl:rh-..1
1.111~1\\nit!hat htpr••Jl.JI\."11\ot~t•lltl i1.--hh.l\\1.'!:ol.oJ:!1\o.llh.:
1••f:1Pli\L'l'f'-'"'P·I•I••irlr.l.nl.in••Mhh••I::li ,),1!Il,Jpl;tl':lftthl·

"!Jl;.!tllw Il w "'!1 '-""rut·r "!,lllI~J I:I"~.·.•h··1,111\"ilh}t"l fl\'!il.
.Jil;:b ' ;-Jr-=-1 1rib ,,,;m..1(11 ! ..J1(1. ~:1r\1 nu";\\;~.in! "U!,• 'Ji
1!Tt·r. n~·r ·rt1. 1'h._1•l'rw:m i~.--.
:!1.d,.-:o.;.:.l:-·1\:-;•11\tb.II.L"''"'"''
11orl1"\;! \rt·1i.J'jlill l' 1._t!..L.'' ._.,.,~.r.-1r;d~ 1o: 1-.•t •lI~~~>~ I~P­_
.md ~.__,;,.; uhl :"' t.tL•ka,_rLI•• ur.n :dt-.! ••• \Il" •lJt-'1.tllllcl:\::­
l'•1;'p~ :.•.rtn-:•1•:1..._,,1,11d rl•ni• •.r.•".'.Ill.thnu'!"·"' •-·

~•:•i h'\hl·olL<n!· I~Ïi ,, •(-
•••rolm;.:'·•1\\1.'·.!t .. 1'1(•~tlh­ The Kcic:c
"\_ •~h.rL-•I'P••tnl•.1 1'\'j'l<'"'-'lli,ttll• •.~t.~"" '.)•:t-l~"'t":k~!'l.!

--->.--------- ":nll\'l!--·~: ·:~ flt- I'''T~-.:rttU:i~-B:.f, • ~:,11'~· \\-:~.<:.,'.·.i-
• ' Pf•-•·n• ..'11t '-:rl•J 11•!J,it·,;n­
IU;tl ..'::1•'11ltuh "' -- "'tbno..-11~.

:>-dl>.•:'l.rl1 1Il~f•Il••t'(":1o\'t-..1
m •td1",:n:.r•11·Lh1.·J-~o. "·'rrltr.:rn

r-n.."'·: ":~·r in:,lit,.,!lr~o: rIiuJ:

,h..- ,,h,,1:: •• ..ntM.. ; lrr..'lo.-:u
Kun 1111.1f'm...lU.T~~ow.u s:Il!"J .ill~

in tht\\'1.'\1't.ll\!0'-ot:Uoi:.I\':Lil:l
u·t.-n.•plwh.k•r.~dX'I\' :r~ùLiu'•-'

,. t'~1,.1b .ht-:- \\ ilh lht' ,\lur[olild.:
)ll'lhk..t..::!'l''"!.""tÎI!Uny:.urri
(:ioht·:ml' 'ltll·in rh.r l.uw·.mri:rn..-.1

. ~hc.·fh.-"•t ho.Lco..f l•1un 1h.­
]1:1o1. ~·.l"'Loflll:1rk1 l.l'•<:t.,~cIl
!St·ho. ':"rw·:ca,~-and n••rtn'--:'""

The (tr.ldîtlor1al)courorlh& hul:J(tribal cour.clllcfh~tMFlfwem :1lun;.: t:h11iwNl\'t•.nTita:1\•:t~ill.'ù
ûnyanri (1961ll ~ 40~ •• ...-...;w,~ulo;fo.tlre~-.!o~n:,.\\I.trh.-/..d"-'"lti-~:1

1i~Ai"l=tiNSIGI-ri - r 11: _''l'~ ---------------------
01110 ''86 14:08 PAX .:t&08158 ADMIN.SBO CP
(ioo7

..HIE SUSIA AND FWEOF CAPRIVI

t'n hin•:r~yhe Tuka hlghl:md, On Œ·em 't\\V'J~-aun ug:;ureuf him:o;elf.

qu~t oft: hubi!! undNsundann. he :sncl e:xtmnely di.!'u·u.uful.:tf'pninted
~came irwolvecl:Jtribdi~pu~ te nnlr Kololoin p.irions of ::lùÙlorltr
rt,:ecn the Subw Lcyn.c:rossethe :llkillcd :tR pUiim-al'tl.'ilhen

Z:lmbc:11Ko.~mgu w iathe hc:lp ofkingùom.
lhc: Toka Mo~okutl.: .,'n:tld.ne \Vithlrl'leKolo;:"~~- U~r11~
tosubiug p:usuf ulozJ.north of tho::l.ione.!urher :rubordin:ne {U'Oup.or;e,­ ,.

Z:1mb~i :-ki~"l. .:o""olatth:J.tsisrôlnag;~. ien:uetcf Sel.a~l~ru
-puiru.lime ""'e::l:12r~sult of ingrnd\1!11':w. anlhL~~·e.1kt chn~
· lc:rncll.~:$dc.b:int:lr.A!trnn­c kin~dn fmom ~·itb ~ke.ll!dcu oi

f..!uerùu:c..<lpiolhe tokinJ:C,lnm lcprosr in 1I~Jclcn 't.Lluk.:n
~nd e..;t".J.bh~saulhoriO'-"Ctho::n~·~"·;Ibololo. :1meiUbC"rof the ntl·
r:thni~rou wth.n.teol.:i~ hcodoing gro1""ho l'l:tddcfc:t~id ine
:.; ~.O:':.~'icn.h.t'~t-l': len..1N30. Hemon9 theimp~tt h.L:~d­

SuhÏOI:~To.:!fo)u:lpt in~:tr bc:1c(!Uilr ll~lUn-anlrn old1~~h-=k~
.\IziHkiduMl! ~n att:u:lo:th< (na ).\:~~·ini:unhi:LJon lhe nnrtll·
-llulu. ~mcfil&l\!fJic:;"LUny:mt1 ernoonkl"[h~Z;unM7.i.illlll IO !1i

· (S<mh"viin ltl';"ben: S!!:bc:tw:!l'lo:­point nursidc tho: pre.scnt-dlr C:._ .. ___,_·--··:
üi<::(lonIr1S5L:m...n.,!l Lh,np­ -"-lt~C;lgcinp:1:t ln.prince who
~tone. lin·fnr.slft:tmt:,1rho:c..·uuof

U~tdt c:re:umhîpnf St.'bc.'l"SL·hrt1\"::tnc~ke\c :utuu,--.mü.!.l
Lh•.:1-::ulnln klngJIe:cp!lndc.l".'l 1C!lparitl~t\.'t.'tthro,...:KDiulo
such:t wolhat e."CC~ ch:b.n.lc-r.o rult:. Sill§tJIIJbd\ief cnuncil-
uflh f~n~L rczi 1-'ingtc rbe nurthlor), .Njc:il'p:ttticular pl:!.yed ::an

:mdsouchThe gruupings wiithCLiiii :lc:trule in tbe uw;bughr ""d rhc::
k,in.l(:md underc:ontrof thewa Kololo kîn,!(dom wm·~rthro wn
during the rt:jgb of thking!lin­ Ul&l. After dlis. 'XfelmhiSlieu­

cluclin,gthe Fwc:and Subip~tthe ren:mtlostnlfft.211Kulolomen ln
Caprivûthu5Clme um.lctheou1hn~· thedngdom :~n kffil01C"'nKololo
ufthtKolultl. The oblig:p::nri· · women ::mrJ,·hil"'·~-:d,:;o.rt'..'

utco the Kqlnlrul'lllmaiol':lint:d\elc%1.
AI~ h" dt:~ oftchenv3nt:l'le.·
w;s..ucce-. ~yh~ldQughter, Mm:.t­he secDndLOZiJdngdrsm

•llnc:hiltoo.raln.lkorecl :anùrr:u"'s­thet:tke-o\-er by SlpopLu,ihe
fen"!!ctlhe dilt:f10Sekadr..u~an hud ro relmpo..:;ethc.irauthuc:~r­on
Cf>cl..l!lt:PlSnfScbcnw" •S~~kt:.C&ingm11f1.,i~lu t~tlunhJ trich

VOL26 ND2 1996AFFIICAINSIGti~ 01/10 '98 14:08 PAX 31508&8 ADJIIN.SEC OP 141008

THE SUSIA AND FWEOFCAPRIVI

1

were of lhe upininn th:u ter1duf of the initial power n:latiobe-ip oiSouth Afrtca. Proclamati12 qf ~
Kololohegemcny rne :h~end ohhc tween Sr;:-lu:~. Mamdili(Simaraa ~~ etka: tcthic.ledSion. Pro- '..
25 27
empire. 1bc sy5rem of Lc. rritori:Ka.b.ende) undear. JabJl/Chaba, ~P "~o']! CSA?dl!:clate ·
administtntiowas te-t:s-sblished. .Mayuni:md !Dgenwerc appoinred. asJawof the Bedruanahmd ProŒctomŒ
meant lhat Sipcpa dj1.1the king- .subnrdinaŒof~Iul er thil! Mashibindlns on thil!Capra dispeŒsation
dom urukrt9'tsemi-i.ntkpll!ntap-ncKwancln River. 11uee provindal liJwhich tl!r'navaJidunti31 August

italsnatndy Namusoin the north andWl! fnrrne(ferthe 0\ltJy.ingaras:1929.A subsc..-quptroclamation U96
Ltvambiinthil!sour!), thilunclef'"Sll!.5h'.aunga;md l.ibonda. Se- of 1929) [email protected] of the
SWlding thar a femalll!rel"'"Quld Ml:dskhi!soof~ Litia(YctaJ,arca. as frolScptembll1929,tothe
rule in rhC:s:outh~-out nod suc- wa.spb~ inctuup, while~unga. _Administntcrof Suuth .West.Africa., 1
., r·.·.
ceed in rbe north. Theadmfnf · trslhc~ë:::f autbodr:y fer the Ma.shi. a11dstipulaŒ:d that lcgislillion applica· -
liv ae3s:were funhcr diVided întoa~ undercorurol oflltiim}'2tlof sble on South West A&ica would also
prov'inces,whiweresu!x.Uvidecilntol..ewanika'sbtother, W;ununungo.l2pply to the Caprivi. However, in · 1
lüalu{watd.under manduna Chc::u:l· tenns of Procl:amaticn 1'1939he
i
menl The pr.acticc:of pui.b.utc White ruia administration of !he:Capbecune
cheI.ozkingwas n:sumed. ·. nu.'1'lV:Lno ph}'5ical Germapres- the rcsponsibiütal t:he Mini5tc:rof ·1'
·Sipop~': klld in 18i6 ùuring ena: lth ~apri"iuntill9Q9in:.piŒ N~ti .\fiûrofSouth ls.f1'hidis--
ilrc:bellionwitLozir:1nks:mew:u; uf the f.lcr rha'Ml5under Gcmnan peŒmtion rcmainc.-d \"alid untll 31

:>ut:c:ccbyd1\oj\\-.umW'ILrbobad ;~utho lmtmcy8·0lnierm5of anin· A~t 1977,~i'J tr::llllati181
tn 11Î.: the Tok;l in 187Princ r~mntion:.:lgteemcnlAppa~nt nslyof 1977c:mpow he-.\Clminiru::uur-
Li!bo::.ibc:amkin.g, bW2S O\o"er· fi;zsU\.:ozwen:c:uncemed. rhsta· GeMr.!l of South We:Atrieto ~
d-lrowndurtn:te:l:k:lin1684 11nd lU$ qr~tnte stiUprevailed mulpre leglsl::uion for C:J.privi.'Jbe sir"-

.'ound reugc:u.·iLibeb..-.chief nf the: fla uptmRmJ~jrlX ariedFJ uItin temaincd thus until lhc: inde-
,\lbukushu aL .AnciinIhepresent from Gobnbis incSj)dvim Janu;o· pc:ndenc.;:r.!nmilin 1990.
K:i\"angThe instigamr this tebel·~li r.::pn:senotof.tllGetm:ln Against thJs backgmunù aod
liun. M:lT, lppointed :Jnother ro!nlperi:ll J!:U\"t.'mment.He::fuunwit.hlthoC'Onlc:tlf: the :lbm-e--me!l-

T~LU AkulaT'I:tkingor theLo2i in :lrealm~ uninMhiŒd. Ali lll-esrnctiont.:d hi.o;wric-.apthe c[hno- '
Scptemher188-t.lnNovdi\her JSai_ v.-ermk~n 01.-erthe bmbezion in- historiesthe F'Vaend Suhia hato-e
?-tS. Lubo,;i retumt."ti from Auirhau srrucrionuflet~." :t:Linpir.ca bC"1.•i ~ -nedŒely. Tcvo gi'-cns,

'ïTiii'forcedt:fcred thn::be<~nd Streirorolf met dle :1ged le,g:~ howevet,"luslbe underlinê'<lin ad­
rL"sumedhis position ns ~of!the: Mamiü. :mc.lconfirmed .hiliPosibiovnnŒ:. first. rhat the 2~ wb"-'::l..."i
Lozi. From tpoinr on'Q.-n, ~bL...fiëii"'\-c:rthe nnn-Subia. part ofl:lŒtob.::comc:know;l.C~l was
~e known b~ t·!! hnncrarnam~ C:J.pri\Strcit\\"Clfmovci.l:ùong tc.:ontinuau..::!i•be gjldj'""fj[i\'so

l<'ll'ani\'-"hic6reelv lr.lnslateK\'11:1anin~pbine t.!nt.o.sinllll'l'!b(the si:<th Luz:i ruJer - 17l5-
~ 11\e conqueor. ~ He rult"d o\-erlion tc d-Ieinh:Lbil!lnts.rwnely t1TI5J lmch::,rlg2i and Kulolo CCintrQl; ..
C:1privianSintt:grparOf ThtLozJ Lo:Ciwou}d no \ong1ha\'e~ulht» nnd$cyêôôdJyÛlann !IÎ,!:ÙOmina·
kin~du un.ilth~nm,-alnf·Huttpr- m•e-rrbcûprl~ io.the subordin;tt.tienb.y.J,:ubiePY'Cthe Fw>..:lJ:!·
l>utlSlreit''-in 19(.11repr~n· of Seluka who li\'o!'ci.ln C!l.prip-MCOIfrom the hlstcriL't!COt'Ù.

tlllhof meG~rmt mpc:riagO\'C:m· t:hnitwas J.lt r~~ith mcm:e 0\'c:r
mènt inU1care::t. theCncwlbuttler Northem RhndC':ot:.l
1\meminnt:d ;tlw.nrcoj"l fn~wnZun:i:i:~:r~unrdm:Li:o;ub The ~M·f<e .':~t " )

!h·.wc:n.~pJ'Ini omccnfinned nfSdu~ ofrotot un.it~:·.pm·bl.tt~ ,!!mvp"'"hki.kn~1C a\t"tf.l:!:.
li"IIII;mt:kin;..'tlurh~!rt=ntofrhen undcrtho;:1uthurit1-).f:lruih.s ofh.tteorog. nr:i.~ncuit i:'l
·~-~~n Lozikin).,'Ù..m~œ. Th!:'!'·d1osc ro :l.l"C'r:tûiè1rliprab:a orl.is~..:; ti,\'rtttoriu.i
. mi.impJkdtheC:Ol'ltinualionn-f :1nt""Chief.'J)urinhi:; :thmn· ln u·ror ehe fu~ ..i..!Ji.,.t .rit."'lll~·
. ti<:è f()lduri,'rhn~n>.Ln1kin)l:-C:lp5r trit.·O\fiôll'WgJotbrln,!!tho: l4"knnwn Uiht:-.ln .::s.'!ll:ncc::,

ûum .:m;~Ic.Irngt~ riml:"uf Kolnlbcl~Ùktii...- tDd~o~cm:mkJ~,n. tbc group rcpn:-sc:nlSu produf~rof
ruh:.A.F.1rt; apri\1\~•.J.CLi..omehuiesco::l["lJt"faaneSubta he:l.d­Miunbt.-tw--n:: FwctYIC)'Toto!'l:l,
tll.·gon~mm e n:t-etvlo.-~m·e mc:.J~hbm.ai9ndo, as chtef uthe= Mhuku!:rhu. Loz:iand Kwengg. under .
foli oy•rh end o:the flt:Lozi _}ubia.. antl ro 1!5ubru&i1entt~f1-'ozi Jeat.lcrbutundt:r me name of ·

ki.n~d( M)wanha Seluk01.wa..o;(htadmini!ITT,at Schuckm:llbbuQJ, np.rhcYwe. c n'l<Nga, Q.'bOfor rmtn~·
ani;rc:prc:Stmta1ithauîhomy ovc:r pnsit(UklSeshêkë(M\'L':lnilil. yerus't\tthezn:L!ti.-nteïbe are::a.
th~~uthem :lt=Str:tdlinfmrnDu· Cic:rm:1n:a.uthority C::lprh·icsplained t-o.r 'neron:ltoOk owr .
· ~i f:1lh !f2.\o':,ivc:rJMp:llila ,.,,c:ncled by Rhodesiatmops in
ln1959fromWindhoek.thegrrluW:l.."i.
· Jsb.nd(Kazungul-J). tltus includiSeptcmbetj2L4.during Wnrld WurJ. nffici:descnb«la..;,Mafw,J:.(Ii:l)-eyil.
pri\'i. h:l!lubon.linCre:presc:nt4· 1\ftcr~"'elouth Afrio "-'as en­ t:ner tnamc='Bayc:wn5Jeftout, apo­
tiw::sl at tho: difrercnt communittru.: u·ihLrc.~."u&el of Salions po~.r '\.i:cvc:iync:'sapproval.l'

Short!yaftcr the utthe:!:econd Lotrnarulafnr Sout'\VtsAfrio.. Out ofThec;.tJi)forhe (u:sipsoŒ.U"\\o':lS
kinl!dCJ(1!! ~ma\ffK:tbep wu~ pr-.L.t1'inJcIonsidethon·~.,, i[.er.\'ÎOU)lhc Ln~ lcptt:a.Unyanri ·
appointedhylhe !Otuler hlrrwclfCnoWll.decideddut rhcC:lp:i-should Ert,m Ut6'5. n:1mcly SimQtoa Kabendt:
br ~luka :5 hl$ repn::R. :rt~h~v erh.er he :r.dministerthe British(Muynngo) wlth thehonornrrtmllnf

1Lln~- :I'annd conft=m."th!hon· Hi~h Cummlss:loncr(!lpntt of the -'•lttmIle.b .5tlreme:mbe ~y
·oro rd~·ftlfimrnn hinThe nntUIe Dcchu:1nalanPru~et:L om Ml:hlf tht:sexmc:nt~'"i'lru·'$cthief". The: '

''

1Bf1\r:"AiCA INSVOl. ~8 21Œ!S

.~ 01110 '98 14:08 FAX 360868 ADIIIN.SEC OP la'JOD8

,;

THE SUBIA AND FWE OF CAPRIVI

"re: Fù~ inùlc:au:slln origin from tbc: crcdcnti:t.l'l wh:~. -equired fer
Shanjo;nche To[cb pointc ahCilrt­ chiehaia$bip, namely t::~.ucborily.
wnd din:ctnonh cf Katimn MWilo;36 Fccm SlD::Ia(la.rnllon"MU"ds.

the Yeeyi adi.ncVJledge:wilhsthe rh~M isa dcar llnc:of suc:cc:uion. suc­
~oba (cf BOtsWan2J,ahd the Mbu­ cessivl.ozrukrs apparenr.lyacŒpted
kushu refetèMw.zruunbiayiand the him as thdr n-prcsentativcin the

~ of Katima MulilK'VDDdo and I.i.rlyami a'.fl"he arri'-'"1.o1f Streit­
.1.rldas ams oforigin B e~oŒ wo)l, Simat:la -.ras acknO'\·ledgcd as
SirmlCK3bendt:, tbewere mus ~ chief of the Fwe Undudinme Ycc.:yi,

:u·arehiS[oriei>fer tbe ~gutàer ; Totela, H2l'JJbukwhuand Makwengo).
hisNICth~ stazttTCflow to~l:b.er. Ptetoriu.'i stalhat·su-eitvocon--
.TberefoŒr:Îethno-.hist6f"thëF""=ê ~'l"in Sliara .Mainili'.sposirioif"M···
~smrt wihwSilnat= Kabe.ndc:-- but
chief and extcnded lti5jur.isdiction
~ir the urukrstanding tthedepury over th!!"c:ntire non ..'i~biyof
of Ngomb:lb, lînyanti, :mdsucces­ C2privi ... -.....
.mrs~nd :1lso the Kolpla.ye:1raie AftcSi!T12CI.3er1\01continu­

inlhi f~;ionptoŒss. eus su~iÔn in the~? h!u'le of
Sm~itw n:lkoncd thaSimar::la. the F..-:lif:Ln90~19311 Smaca
n·a l.bnut~0ye:~ old ~.:he tbe (19:31-1935: 1939-19·1-il: Simasiku

~uloa lori~ de.lM:t:~tte-cowt of (1944-l 971): RlcfuudTctnU.'iMu­
Scbe!~\ a.L1iy.mtie>tptri~ theed hind:<1971-1 :~d Bonibc:Seebl
''lllthe-Knlolo kingdom: stayed. tn.!e fl98""-)•-\ftcthe 11-ppointmenrof

...j Lubosî t~o• beenruLtto nee [0 J;imaŒ::aab~d(e M:unillb,·Sneit·\
· m.lu :rnolought bravcty on the side ~"" ::.lmhcr.C'hie"'en.:tppnn!ni·
of Lubos\';;forces in thof tealui, lrsele:c:ôbi.:: ~ruch:f,_,d' :d~.p·

Lhrou~ ~hhicLubtilbad wcn b.aclc pointt.-br rhe Co1npercnauchotit)".
tùsp~ti :!'.o7jn..Uer.\;cording Aulhorirrl\"gr:tntt10 th.e..ru"..'.""hlch
·rofo. t.ti:pny,s~ ~'a lLuzior ifit did nt.-xp~ reerzo ·the:an:a

noble d~"ê!' :.nd,-a:s~ppoin ust."Ù of the ll:tfntri~ in.::~ .s:\i'·
·~1.1b- (or1iede Fbl:1(larena in Mamili V, RichaTemuso Mu1'11nda. plie:thet.-xiHence nn ~-u ofFo.--e:
d1eoresenZ:lmbil.:.tirerthe t:1ke-fiftCtti1miumu)of d'le Mafwe legitinulcThe.recordor SU.('Ces5ion

of ?ower bySipofta1n1864. Short\!'(1971-1967) Photo:VI?nnstocl;ol,o;soho'o QC'C\trreor ph:~ in
th~~:~f pu.O."l1n -86;- he-o.-:1$ rhe histor: of thé F"-'olf!rom ir:ch
;!,ppo\..:w:u:us "din theLi~-al'lfIF"--\'eeytTO(c\;•,H:Lmhul.."UShu·:tncl t:2nhe conrl:lte Subm >~Cany

:ZŒ:put!};u.:rc:!of theme thallu: M11ko.-.en_:ol.Lo2i repre.:o:entath't.· sr:1:~uthc orerht=f\\.re.The
s:.::.yeci.lil'l:~ l:lc:ltnt.ii:s ).bmili t!iiiWI.!K.."tben grlw~J 'it:w nf Krugt.1nrhus ht=emlor.;ech
:..,n--Le>.\>lrth.south~ bun.lt:r!>lmn.!!er.U\'tOJ!t: !Oute~tg.-­ --r\c1:dusiun n:"'.lcb ti1:a.Lft~
ofth,; klt"l~::1.l~îmnS\-:L tih~'fS-- :t~.-en s~.:~ S.ub'cL!.{ C'\eqmt
!-"r !md L~ir~hl ifogduer•:a_g-.1inst
h~ lPDuinu• :ndnin ~c:cotd.'1nc;\i.:lt::md T,..Ç\";! m Lhc~th.J 'W)l·ert;st~ n rlh~\::Lntluf :\!:1·
\itll.o..-:itr:Jdlth~uffici:{;~nil:iU.o;taiUhepme:.....J"U,ÎOundet ~"t :w ifp.;teh:Lnunt:~tt:~ t.n ed
honnrJJ1") o.Jof l•fumi~': gil!'i )i:tmili. w:~ :\1\ imprint nf''ill long sine."'\:"

tohim ~ die.Lu:rob. :LLob.arinj.l Trrh:,pmc.\: tc.1~le oft..tdl·lü!c ho::ohhlcr.stC.I\"tmart.1of
rtf~r~ nœthec.=~r rei;id~Kololn 111,:lflr•litir11.·u.!olullnotbe C'c-nt L:d.'Snuth .\fric::1n:n.lnlin·
.h-chid {ur h.::tdnÏJthelim;mti undc:"J"C.:ZI!:ùle-r~\:u ih1~:tlioni.srratlon the rwn :.,:mup:-(h~lr
16
....roe 1'h~sS~ i~m: K~:he;dl n·a.,.wnutd :11h:!l'pl:tJtl~:utHc:.C~. ~.:h ti\e'c.>~u:.ld:qLC.-t!atu:i.
hem;.:for~wn t•) .!oll~or-lnef·nf Lr.wi•11:Un:tnc.ut:t."llit;md
dauu''Mam!U.B~ ho.-:mlod~ p,.,·i·wo~ itrt-oulù ba'1,.-.thefrme of
The Masubia ISubia)
nm l't::ntUr:~:Loziprovince.'en· n:ft.- i,~nnt.·~loc~h::an<:Sl·.
cio,.c-d the:'terroforhe pre.'«!n!c:un ùil~Op:tof tl1~i '~md JCo. The:ntO:compr~:h cpollo· of
Clpri··this~lllp 'kn.,inuncer.~ lulnpulirk:llt."'llltul"ruli!li~­ththet:thno-hi!lroftle~ubi slo he
Lt!t.i:.J(.\."it:1n(.:lccording to
C:INtfrrihahe:~ ".r:.tmonnL.!hief. fuundintho! t."~;m ofSbhuou7 inr.
!icreir"'liikam 15t wn d,:t- n.•ltl:td rohe:ro~! oi!in. \":ulouskuniinBtJUu:cmcrr1i"Snd rt!COrdJ.'
Ji~ net1.!pccrivet, sou~'f:stt.-m t"~:tm-st: • m c lt'.nzt ~:
g.ndc-;•~r p.:.un11-nthoe Kaung:t -nnn-ruy:tl:- · un.<~.k -i=a~Ocl to::dlnc.l.lc:;uion.Suhi:1 ·birmdf.

prnvint-(,vhich induclt.'(norrh· rulcmt.Sic :id-;l:t'abut ditl nor p1:~- hic .ontributluin :1.special
we..~t pct)rnnder lt.1i:m~ wi:l.nckr:0\C"f Thkingship Ûlt!'lll.!oC'\\'t:S -Œ'llOho!pn."SenL.-:husb(:
MWllmb S:lukt:u orollrepr.eseno· they "r«rttitt3dru~- (:iopa :1nd ~n m; the Subi:linlctprer:uilhclr
12
ti\·cFwc restimony hu, d~~ tto: T:uila Ak\•f\tn:l) to r.Lkc lhc rolhi.~tory.
:::UVL'which ~tJm l:Si<ippoint~ St'". The:que:3tio~iletlu;SimaCUo~ Sh:Lmukuni sem uff by StatirtJ:
b~Sipupi,'<>r.h,..l'<">:"fnn.nhu more
K:Lbc: \.1.~ rc.lir; a Lroyalb. t:ldu: Sllhb;ucsenl udlive rJwc-11-
under th::mthorofYS.:luk::l.. unclcthe:dn::umstttru.ncfof :~r jn~places/1 1rmcr .o.o~P.ri"i,
1nth couniCor til1du: tclcnti·irnpnrr.arn:themimi ~f rhtW!eon­ 2_ohe distrlc1Bntst'.-.1,Se:sheke
fii-:Lb\.•iween tV'.ltÎS~J;ITICTIII"CCrnhol~'l":u:t."t.U.h:1rq{lht.• :aten ln:t:imhm,R:lkops Bodc:dc.:.

!
1

V01.26 :'ln2 12W AFRIC,t,ltlSlCiHT 181. ·_IZJoto
Ol/10 '86 14:08 FAI 3B08B8 ·ADMIN $.EC OP

~ .

THE SUBIA AND FWE OF CAPRIVI j

j
i
Hotsw:u~ OLlnGCm:ln: (Botsw..ln:&).futtcr ·under.~ fmmcS hamukuni:'S
They accept Goh.:l Hi(or Gowa) in lhatht::re w!1Œpres.:ncariveSc:be­
the north of Botsw:ln:t as earllest twan<::1t NkonJ..~œe:outt..Aftcrdie
1
known d-o.-eilip~cc H.cre .they overthrO\or the Kololo kingdom by
myc=cldurlng me n1leorShacjo (alsrJ Sipop:(n1 1864).Nkonl.. ·:ldlhil !
know.n us Sancho), while Yeeyi (undcrollcwers fied from hi$ island around
1
M:a~wr.J anl ~Jbukus undt!t 1876lDsettl1iRakop11""':th'lbkp•
'Dibebe) ttlso lived tberisdcnic:d di!Jildi P:m ln wh:n is BotsW:tna~· '·
that the: Subbr::~. nfcfrm :the Here he5C1r" ot3 gur:.iorirw_asthe
.-.-··
Mbukushu or Toteb, but grounds c:dstnn:aof }Cham;m of the:l'lgo.'H.is.
ro suspect ththey:arerelate:[0the son. .M:dwir.bt1lke3\'\':l\'3.nuin-·
Damam."" ~r of follo"--erst!'S: himbcllshed

Pn:nn~tjoh?, f'Iills tsubi!,..cTlh:: Ngamll.tndinthe an!!ofMo­
D1D'N tdthe Chohe River Qulinjthe .retnchiefof the Taw:ma.Utherirn:f .
jÔurney,Sh:lnjdiCd~nd Ool:sucœ~­ th.: fligtof Nkonb-e~ our of the i
·;
ed by his son,M:~mi r.-.·hoalter :aCaprivi,hissi~t J\rcn·oest:Lyed ~_..­
:<ôbOrue '':lSlicŒeded byhi:l.nuth­ hind :u Jsu.11wwhC'rC":ch ·ule:d".5b
er, Nsund:ln1."Nsundano 1 ise.:n:~s Afterh~ ùe:l.ththque-ri uro!-·:ato ·
.01howould succoetler a:r chiofthe ·
"thefou ofitng~" Ucln,gdnmJsd it
Rat tlood plains are the dominan;-aurinp: hu-ruh.UEt "the Ba!iubiy:luSuhin intheC:apri ~\~~-Cï""-n-
1eègraphicai charzcterofmast iùentifiedthoem a~ 01n1ndependo:r.t cuaJlysuccc.."t.'yl2.r.~nr. ~hik:t­
..tEI~~nvl Suip area
tribe"."' AC'COtdu thesme: sourŒ. m:uondc. :..h w~hirh tL.;v..·anin"''llna
uN:"Wnd.'!tfoundthebô!Toteb:andthe ~"Cr. .
•• b:lFweotrounth ~resent K::!.tirn;:t\.luliloough undc:tr(\·hr.:1numher

::sndLin}·:mŒspi:!Cti'\The"y.~lll:J.II Subi :et Rakopa .:tnd So!tt3[.·
trib ''.r~'otpon·erfi.:1ntdkl not Mun~ fnorrhr:mDuu.:waoo.!i0Uthe:1:!f
l:u. :m.:o.[lnch~ii!So n.the ;'l·t: of th'L:i:~. lokdhl.1;901Chiklni;
LiS\\.onl1~camt! hl;"".l.tl11.5group.
under ~suntbn 1... ~mmd:mo 1 bad
hnn:l of rh,..·iike )iaŒhele to rh~ He:retif :~.wnd..~.usc~·e in'19:-cl
South-e;l(f Chucngu·e.n:unutirinu (the:hi.l'On. Nsuncl:lnn tr. ~'a Se·
Vktori:F:1lp lo~li.hlrm Bu_ihmcn.. pns~ dn 1925.Chik..u..\\';mmrdlt:d

He (!\i/i\lncbnrhcn dStubli~ hs ~dthè ro:o~i ur~:ouinil bi!d~.lrh in
l!.o)\"ll bf.g.~lintlun UU!north· 1927. tlc\'\.'<1:1SUCCI-vcSim\ll:L
t"'bunk ct r~ Chnho! lli':.huut fwe son nf Xknnkwen:J.in 19lfl: \\'ho \\'ll!'i

milc=IQ!U.nf :\!p;n i':tL.'pre.~em sucr:.,t!dcd in 1by9hL"':;on. Mnffut
C:lprl'.'lt ~rflt'~~..-~un dhcmo ;\bih:t Sil'lw~·hi o:~-::hn~tl•rhor
c:uneknnwn :n.l.1b~.: n:drn;:·" Sh:•mukunr :u; UtnumiiJ!c ·lu.icl'.

andÙlohoukrs nf hi:-kangrJot\'1i:l:~"~c-n~Jn d1l:lof thh:!Suht~-.""
rollcm'S:lk:lpani :ChflGoh:l :1hC' A. ~ur ud1t! ISll!1-{ri'c.c~n-·.
mn~t :r;nurn"C\oint:~un,g ru rho;­ l""t;-mL·d:Jd.~-u-:c!ninnln~i .fu.:r

j;uuche:&\"ktfui:F.l\1tu rb,.C":i:-t1hi•·h Chi k:1nmtotla~:i~ :•""J::<
;1lo ne~L..tmhoU('»J'rr:Uj;t-.1rn••nhhi..,frh~sul ..;:, in ch.."Ïril h1"'-u
<ISiuma. :.ato Ûlo: '''t lown:•tti..".Jm:.r19·6.:1nd wa.-lll.'lclh}'Si-..
:.~l n;~Kw~ndo tmut:thK;~un un,.":l~"U! \31-: T~iI:;jt:-l:. ~rK~'3h.~"ti

5iz:::dn"t:'. l'!'i:rlnrtc-(Sa.ll'II.J­.: h:tli"'tlIIJM.11~\\t1Lhcbio= ··-- - ·
cl(Jwrn Xllo....as111 h.~tdrr"r..·t'lugic f.~cl.:!\-lu;aJc~~ iJ:Jhh:Jnp_('l.
hr::~ ;1t-etn1 lu u.:hindu d<d tr: whu. ''-"Jhil:.aprnirmno:1:dli ~f.

whold ofF.:•.-rCapri,·l (\\o!Xl'\:'püat:Subi:JC:J.p1h:an,"\ he..umu.:d
don of tht: ['r\\'C.ot' tho! ;..:\,:mMaiba .'-lllt"JliIJC"'""lülch~ of
:\rcordinntu Sh:.unukuniNsund:mo 1 the Suhiin F.:L,tûpn\'i wcby.

n'lrh~ â.mll.•mpor:arth"C"ozi nrlcr. Prl!rnrit:..t.'(,,th.: suh.:i.~.
Mubmhtl l"11D-lKS0).'15 cotv"' iionsi.'lrwirh Sh:J.mukünï:~,
N1iuncbnu1\\':kil! h)'thU..~-:c.:.l.t i.:~ .'-.thatl'n:toril~li~ d· -.
ln."'.Jyn l\u.hiasnun..u. L':.toy.i' ··
!ll'\V:I..'ii :'ôi."\·LÎ!IWiJJ.hi."
ndphew. list\-:1 c..~t3 hin:cc:l.'ih~d:ucrpn:r-.J.[itul,,( a prinfipal
:n lsu.nt-"'l.;"<o!llh theM:u::~.h.,.K:anr.m""hool.' Sr::n.:moUt:alth:u

and was:roter killn\'St:hc..'tW':I.Dtthe Suhi;;a ·who Uwd ht!ft\·et:n rflt: '-'Un-
Kololu c:hici.•~cord rÛ ti.f1"."it~ fh.iencê nf the Chobt! anJt.yo:amb::~i
t.\"\\lrrhc·hlc"Vilnf 1/ieho::-O:l:.lY.nmnt'<!~ncôil<•n1h~n.mh.em rn1nk'.··
Nkunl..~ (tnwn !15Li~wa llsuc­ nf Iht Lyo~mah .1furnorth asKatim:l..

'-'t't:dedLiSt\1.Nknnkwcn:J esr:ah­ Mulilo.w01Spolitic:tand rniütarth~·
lilfhth!:nselnn Mp: i~·Iland-a.·hr:rdominant trihc-tho.!":'lmu.l"nu con•
the Chubc fic~ it$ thoZ:r.rnht-fis qo~" bulean-a; .h.flh~·ubi:ll±tiu.l)

1e:AFRICAINSIGHT VOL26No 2 1996 Ol/10 '88 14:08 FAX 360881
AJ)][lN.SEC OP
liJOll

THE SU81A AND FWEOF CAP~IVI

·theyb:l"al'"'!rulcdon:r theentiJe
E.JsteCapriviZipft:l as brwest os

theOlcl.~g Rlfet ..,tbat they"also
providcd the pzeseat tuUag dyml.styof
the :Mafwe", ille in ,.iltheCsub­
jl....:dve)inletpth;uthe Su.biagive
.-
tohb"tCricl/L'lUS.

Evaluation :

Some oi the~mleme nftte: Subia
ha""êto bqu~.!>tioned.

FllSdy~t Nsundtlno,\Vhoisse-m
as the: Counder of the SubJa kingdom
(itet ~ gtid).ave subf~e tde

,...·hole E:lSlern Caprivi, inc:Jud-ing the
_f't'lretoriw"aswc::llM:lingu6l refec
;:othe t.-onquestl!hit l:~umba!a

f't\.according ro Pretorius. be-­d
twec:n l725-li7auring whwe ,..lgnsorne of th~ Subi:L tetumedunder ACaQrM man with.himui«5n:'
·· ')uh"-etèsuhjug-..ued. .rpn.'- Icader:ship nChik:l.m;~ -.odnc­o (canoe) - !he essential meehanlsm
. ..arives-.c:appoinredby Ngoma~ quen:ed )I:unlli (n-prell~n ofo~tiVo! rortrans(!OrtoverZarnb!Zf
(LyambailLyambeye)andswarnps
• ;inallthe i::onquc;:.rero guartlthe~ loinm TJny:J.ntilfor l;.tnd.Ma·
o"'t:loz.iin'u:n:-sSince tbaJ tinr.eili stm:1mc:;ss:tgel:uk!n,{Lew;:~­ inthe regioPho10·wMPriiJSIOCI
r-s..1750)p~ltt Easrern. Capn,·asbnika}.\\'hincJic:lthar Muuûli should

br:fcrmrimumslvtutder Lt»ri.orKolololocltl:tntoth~" Su.bi.,~holike:to
or n•hitcomm! .'h~cont!lnpomrr of !'itlnth.e:ro."ampa·in the I.".!Sternt.'(Jt­
i';.:;l'1.LoziKing Mulamb\\':1.roieclr of"E:L<ttC".apri.-us \\":ùun.e

from 1780 until 1830.'t'o'hhe'ao'I.I.O:tu-: rhey (:l,_;;linlseUI!:!ùlhere.
ddc-.ued by thi: Kololnte Matabele SL"1.-onl..;,·heciro.unsuru."ti
under J'.lzilii:uncre thefn~ as il ILoai c:untmln:pl:d.·K.nloloCQnrrul.

po!lLk:alforc-ein the Tt':Ul:i'-":lhael[t\.l:Cnt'o.; epl:b}·~ozi con·
1810 :md 1830. buir w:onlyin 1837 tmlunul \nmn;m ccntn>hecuuc dl'-'"·
Lh: h~.tmo~·c coJBt•bt\- Ir:ml~·r\-c)i't\.nor po9lblt: th~Subw tc

~·nert eh.:eoŒrredprt:~" llœIht: obl;tie'i:dl ptltr-teontro0\.'m.e
Z:J.mbc;~on. Th~ n:ft::rl:{inth~l pn.-:-eE:btem C!pri'1.1:my st.:l<!t-r:
Subi~ ~·ersi ton)lol:uub\\':1.and thec: l'<U'Yelthr:l.l!1il'ldiclth\"(!
:'-lac tcd:\)rtpoint:u thc:-.J.rlh::•Lhor Sh:.,mul..-whkhtnirt:f~m;~

rn th~period :J.ftc:rar n·blch rim(lU:t n.1J!f!
theEciSr ~ tprh•ibad alrt-mlI1Cf!IF ThinJiyb~L':I c.Ui~~t~lu~--=11~-.
un der/.Qnt/Jrw lnll, .~ill'{t"ud~ u..•;miL\as klll''t·Se)\;"..ll:\C.

.."Urct: CO\~rn~1n lmfim>Jn)l; rh;ccm.lin: 'Su :bIiI;.hl.: ~C.~1~1..:h.'1-
" Lot""": 't~\t\: l~t·..~::onqu~ ~n. :ntlhd:i:o~;int ttf;:~~tiri•b~-
•.. :-.:s 1.orrll:tmwtf>liru.lic:lt-cccmlin!-:l'~~soLln.'thowc:vor.

-«d b::-h.;..,o i;Jtbt"(::r.1.--Ud l.l:-W:1w:ts onh " hc:-.J.illtiiJIUt
rh~Subi0by rht.,zl.triditi h:1ppr.:untlct. tl,ll~i.hh.eunplkaLiurh ~Jt"
whr oitthtLcr.dt:m1\tthrSttbi:Ut· tho::nr.1:our coultl ':è~lmb~r1:. <
t;l\"k Kulol()oS..:bo::t\'-'htil~: ''hile Ln~Urt" aL-stlo not I'IJ.,nliuti

l01n.r:ro.'l.-ün":.~ntl' lCth.l>othaltlW:l:...~t:~n,l tltt:~:t·l;•;cJ.>f
b.tlf!.!O.'i.:ioC• nf th1rhu..\ISuhlô! :-.<kcmkwlnJ~·­
fwc :~our~ cit="lldiffc~ ~rx· L:t."1L.1sw:•nl<~n~dt:s b;li~him­

P:J. • • :..1alib Islanditi:mk~n intn
afi.ripoçwr.itz th: tclJloClSf,_l.:1~1. "uttisll"lwins mŒ-tp'n:1 •
didnor:~cc lo'l;r~ulho Trbitt'1. kilk-bdon: !85U antl tSkonkl'--cn;~

is t.:unfinnt:ùM:~.in te;Tclca: onlr fit:'uDors~i' n ::hwntIS~6.
Subi:•:mdToka wnukl rpu)'tribut.etoht: mU!(:l\ngurt:d sorn"t"l\inthi.::
SiJX.l•!'tu:n Sipapa do!.'ir.th~:p~ot lr26 yt.~r Is-o:-11 Scked

Subiohe:W.menimplic n r~e.klt ·chief' th ~ub:lud :acknowi!Wg~td
:tnu murd\.'Nd th.ilcoklhlood ..t.u:. suchSttch c:vidc:ncc:('()ullx.·r
The Fwc- fllrrnUl:•iflrth:~.Nkc­ fnund ..cm.o:nnrr.1U<o::tU~nn1:~!.1e
nk';l.·.. !his mlin.lin-.:lof th~th:lt Sipc.p11lliM-i8Ci6 kllled n;-­

Subi thn.fl1vut oft\.to 80tlô~'211bclliou.Subi l;~.Jmo:'.o~tllwriŒs
:\ftttho:~,·~rt (lS_ir!l:w18761. th~ n·ichth;~.m, n-S-:f11:i~i- ht.-

j

VOL.28 No 2 1996 AFRIGA INSIGHT 18:! Ol/10 '98 14:08 P.U 380858 ADXJN.SEC DP

..
'
THE SUBIA AND FWE OF CAPRIVI

ûprivi,mc groups didnot have chid"sspunds ~ir h erem:aroFSrals.rwŒ-­ Notes and references
and that authority was vesr:ecliDtheythalme Subiawcrc subjr:caf the 1 sCahc ~nd lfidclle,1nRd!..cdon~.
bands or the different villah=d­ , Rots(l.ozmd àlusbad.enain obllg­ in B Cohen a1Mlddl.e101./Qrrtlx!
men.69 nlio.a~;uds I.eatanikand hisson
m·.a~&ln,AnfriSeltl~:in iiKfl,·,.
F.rcmthiian becondud rhat ù:tlaorS:sbeke.i'3 nllkm~ Maynanl MAClDndlcr, ·
the Subia.inte1p1ecuionotheir own SixthlthenacuΠofme buis t'or 1970, p 13.
l Thecono:pt JmnlhJR11.fm usedby
hi.o;tcttma1ns ndegree of rctrw\ti­the Subb:ll'g\lmerluthe tuJing lin­
cism.Alidut an be said vitŒn:zin­ eage of!be~ had 1rorigins ill rh.c .lheSubtDrd'elDthe 80'-'elking.. 1
ty,as f:25the existence ome Subi2. Subia."isnet dar, but lt couldbe ruia- or ·cwne("~'Subl:l kil'lgdaDl
tnamad"""Bdwtùd1~·. ~
asan •iD.dept."Dd"fOUP inCaprivis Ebat515teDofSubla .ruleJS ~ also the~L Caprivand -."Nce:ciml:Cl J
c:cnc~:: imwh:ctK;uger wrote ln mothcrs of FwecruelsVorster in his •
1963:"Theitindept:ndenŒ and srarus gcneal oF ~h·~Fwe chiefs.ïdoes bcl"oro!t.up~ ;;ololo ~llld ..
ll'hirc adminim~lrEID' :nnhoril)·
·01:irecognizedseparatetribe dates show lhtafr}1emorher of Sltnataa Ka. cm:rme n:JrloSi!t: 0SbamukUDL
b:ldc .[C the: timrhc GermanResi- bende (the fi&Wnfil ofthe p:aen.t -"ThBuub!U~ ,ol$tllaIJOH$and
. den:appointeCh~mlcuon ..•'.1) line=a.g\"asa subla and t:hat the
~ \-ni 1972p163., ~-
Fowthl}·, withe flighof Nko­ mother oFl"lisuccessccCüwD was } SH DollRtrpllblilte~·..1993: :!8
~·= to the:rn ofthe Npato (in ;1)so Suhr,(of Seshekf!)The bin:h. ·'-'T~'9-r.n 1!1Jul~1995.Dfr
BotsW;UU),:1spatitremtw of~Slbin Sf<lrofth~ wnmen inor kno\VllIf Rrtmbliltlti" n:pthinthO~:ipri~

out of thC:~pr tiovplac:cIfNku­ they~ourn~ oFrhenù wei'from •roy. ~ '~u.n"sh: ~l~k:.erthepo­
.,J..""':o- ndt.'Ctruprimus inlrlf'nltt·thdc:«mswould.from rheview­ lleu!oo:l!:'Jten Il Jnr10nringl
ll's.:unoilitSubbl.thesczûoIin- poirll of the-tr.adir$h"Ongetm:l­ on.ll~1\:uJtMuliln l'x.r:h~"L."'
.Jnd Subi:!.. AppvLlw(r:lcl1>-:1:>
~geof the Subm has been o111Seelh trilin oro:n:1tdS'ubia.. h:lve !nd -m-ethelnterpretltotth38fHI'DI!nt
• _asternCapriv~inc 18e6'5/LS76.COn­ !Obt-ctrÎ :~~ nedŒip-ns. t~eibly
flltn:Hiof rhiis:!L'found. in!et- c-.Js~~. from th.: patr.illnori·ly of )Jaanl.llCOn&eqi!Cfl11~l~!f,
,\imuhr:13]Ill15155:\~rr.8-1-*
Ierofl.îs9.:tii of Chobet:lot$Wlln3encte:Ft~ '--e-poJnt. hou'e\"Ji!l Julr1993.\eu·J::lS..lul ~993.1
rotheResider'M::~.gL oo~nnetein the~r ~no the mo\.hc:-rt)h<ltdet-'­ lack.liltoir>~iprl o,tc/1of­
11)2-{Jr·v.duri_~ the cimÛ13rthe mine!ch~ f.t:lNs cf chllc.l,There­ r,.:;a:~ltl-'eiees~rcolt\mltiic:m

adminisU':I.of CaprM \\~sc.::tinc:fcrc. frumthe:·iewpoint of rhe Fwe. !the Bud:ic:k Commüllt:1rlh:l[>"
IU..uneThu .h~ Subb. of C:apriviansuch :apm tble Sbi:tc:laisintflllid, pointt:d 1UJl.:br uHl:a;rwc.~ri­
m-eSuhu nf the Chobeare:1 of Bo­ MoreO\ hr.pauiline:ll iîne tv:ISup­lf. tb.~ anc:\\"hiJud!W1.n1· h:w
bo:o::~ppcnn on3<O.."ttm1991 to
t~tv: -ul'l-~r.:tclr aclminiStetedpa~ntl frllo-a.·edin the appuintmeru
J.$ sing:ie unitI.illt lU~w~oei, of the prii!:uub.rchtd. 1n•·I!S pungamt~i~~ hfc.:r tu:~
ùuu alia:.-,-I:amc:omplainin'""r promotioofa:-re unl:lb:mu1.\"hn:h
~it'll fl:.l}on ll:OiiIN'I.Sn!,
1 ::~Crned Headman. If:1mHeuhmn C:on~:lu~ion "Commi:o."'of' mqUItnrn Tb~:
l'-'i.te proper chief? theSl!bia)
the rei!nn len:er heing receivcdln 'l'ie"ttbt::hr..n'h~n-:1Nunfur O[ l"di>C II-"flIÏn' m.:mu[ IJ~
C.•prit'IU\ll nUth.\ap~lliTll:flt·
lmm :he Cicw·ernmcnt~:hl .hows the 'RO'l-Hr•U~ ~t::lar.t ofirtn" of ..-n::-~:n phh'...n fl!ll'.du­
Lh:HSonù:~ l.~u nf L.i:;,,.;:i:oiSVIlion (l.Ocroht""r1991is difficulr L:itluul .r,R.·pon:l. \\"inlnuIY>ck
n~1:1 Clnl'he i~al!lowrimn l't:1 u' upprt'1:t'Tht':m:~ ht!im::~r..J ll:n,..~~..:~ _E.JpJ.-: ~ 19$: ·'tl.

m:~niiso 11ho ith~ rm~r Chief nf nn rhe C:>pri\;dnt!5 not poim tn dom· m..Rrtp11Mifn9 Scptc:mh19'l.u;'
th~&L~uhi .:lh:!'ti.n~ othet big in;.ttiof ;:ho:f"1-rc: SuhlU an~· lim.t~lllul 1993:1lw.\'ctmll16n11.
·,;..[rhc1-b..'uh..-.'CSondanu. . puint.1:'f:l.Chnth [!toup.cwc:rc Jnlr IQ93
<: LI.""YR•'J'1t'ip 1,t•~wJ
.llik;•·~ thh:mddo1i~ if rheo rlnuu~l tw:.:::s:!lroupof ll!qLJ::tl
.:tpr i.•r•~o:Sonc.bno·.And in :.t fm:n~r rhu~r-:.n .n -f he i~tC1'1'cUpp 1--ll"i: ,\1W l'nn,.&,.'··).lumli·
· du~in ".. w!ih Sontl:lmJiur 'c\-a..\cl..-.rurrf th~~ul" iCt>'h·....~ni..~Jmil.i.:Un,., mfc.pJ:.;. ·- .
· he:-known1~ ·e Qo'l--emm"I'(rhe de: t~:!hen-dnc."nor..: xnn~\11 huufak:ll'Q\}lrl'7"_.n1u:.1~.
p j'"')~~-:t
· unh"Chitof tht· Bu~u.b.."i:1 ~~ !!rtlund.hlch c:"1i'cired - u~ Co•'fllll:'l:t,..~-1 .r1'1"'2
.. . Fifthla.f~>a~the~bts itVaI : u ".'~op ;od~tir thatthe preenr
ofthe fw~~~n Suunir: m~ he.~riad F.:r..":'~p l!al'l'hilc·:hdongeci- o.I~,;J <Crtlho.rtnf thOl'C;tpm·,
Zipfc:'l 10./1!:nt b-n;.:t:h mo:rid:r.n
or Gemi;m rontrni.cnnt:ll!mt!d.il,:ro the~uhi M:dldut the Subiu chk..-1' ~~G\$'()1).
.tr:. ifsheFt\-een· 'I..a ~r s - or~hr> ue.-le unir chi~(ur ~ lù.-pu.ofl~u!. \l'rirJffl.,.rnmrm
('Jther th\\1:!( st:th:lth~Subla. p:arnmounr c· e1 0 Te ;t~:.l .
c
hcciu!->"A.for lhe B:J:«Jbw.lhey,..,,,:1\:"fur01d:-hton -ïndi,~.tcnnu."i~0:11:1\JIII.:IRpanl)" d~c.rO m.!
undcr the regionalliUpc.'Tof tenia.ne.- on~te...-e nf rhc Suhin viz-d- f·lc~rdl duneb~d1c"-11fé"~."
19R5, 19.u'i :.nd 1nthe7E:~~~ro:m
l:. o;uut:Y !ta(ther<eprt.'!Mfutfivl.'i% ~t\·cc.:ou.lfuunt.lThat lbe-
th~ lmi p:~omo uni"latSeshekc m:met n'Ctls cùi:ttilhou~ w:tha Clprivt :md puhUsm.:1 mPncgr:~ph.
(now oll M"'--:1ni)',id\ Malozilnvie\\to:1:;o!ut!on.allîlÏt..Andlt. .:PilaClui:. :\Eu•ldi!F~bydirt
.llqjnm Capr!rtEdlnic Ft!.'th..af
clun::l1 str:-p.J:~.sMicnii(othe in thi :;mce:cc. tl.egoti:lwhlch-t .\bfw(~fC:l!'fivJ). t'nrc-hclsuorlm: !Jt:..
F'tl.'"l:),::on:\1"-':lwnuld alMI ("t)lllrl rntht::rct."'Umtnutlofatiun
h:l et:''i.)t~tia a~meirsu~or both grwp-and the dem:lrt':Jrio:1of P:•",.,r.-nll fuhlu:.mnnPl= rnr
CHE..9tt't.1nJune199-1falla\>;~
hm w.:re noclirecdwirhin his Œ-gionhounc:bn~~·ccn the .t-u-cand Subm. •·LW~!'rn:eludle: :1rr.1
.al comrn\ huc etheruruil'r chm· iippt.'3t5beJthe: rJ"'''o"t uf the 10 ~ A J::r·HL:~\Ynt rh&::1-1:1/ou-f.l
m(Jilnt Cluef Le\\":lnik:l-.".: le ~-.mt-imp:.Lo;se. tr-.uvol:ltinnr1r."'"nrk I.JID.btJ:ut Ol/10 '88 14:08 FAX 3&08&8
ADlllN.SBC OP ~aJou

• THE SUBlA ANDFWEOF CAPRIVI

SieDbu ~ MolŒl. ClapeT~z .Oxftlld h:anù!l~ rlL."'"c:C([•llll"-ln Lil'ly;nti,·7bc-«lltfJB41"Dikitmd.IJ.:ri:dq. uni·
Ul\iYI:imy Pfl!:19Zl),p 4; M Uluo.-lr· ••••;no5im:>f:l!Strdtwolr lcmcc.l in
uel'l\iof 14Ufomtal'ras,19'70p 11-
!l'la-The tŒi uf&ro~Rl i: ~ortb­ 1909 Ù~ •J_hreObt:nndun:IS &:hùlUnd +4 Ibid. p4l.
wHŒm ~~. in Ji:ColsDnmd M s~ (bd Letia n~) lnlnen sie i:J:4'5 C "EKru~ •.dbum, ofrh Co:rpriun­
Clucku10111(M) S.Wn trikl ofBntllb lll.l:td;o.-~opd/ pJ126.Al!l:Œume
publbhed. ~ c:haptl::rp2l-1.
~ 4/"rlulMandlel;terM:w:hntel' lillhrbouJdl, •l:n09<tbat nŒ Stduk.a. Copie$ of dû:.- ~bla attb.Dcpan· '
UnM=sity Pmtl. 1959.p l: M Mlaing:~. hlltth~ LtW klri&!.~ z-ppoi~Jced mcqJ.Df ~ AB:ain-.n:tOri:l..
46 S.. C J MartŒ. '")oliricl;;rr veQndll:ring
B11/0::urrtktb6 Lu)'Qnl!mglr,I.DruL:m~ S"rmar:.1.nlhcodlerhs.ndF~ scrwte~~
lDJigmwl- 1973.p21. inlnrm Ulfth:lt n:ptUenr:u ivt~e {onr-wikk~ irlÇ3p,.vi".Polllllltln.
11 Op dl. p 26. t;;,.,·:oUv6. rwmdy Mayunl, wu ap- vnll!, ne 1,1986.

r.l "'nJeŒna: tolhc lapkb IDthe~ point«!hy S.:Jub. 47 D M Shamunkvnl. '"The:Buub.i.aJJu. f
dtN: Èl:llhpi'CKII!-day rqiabopiHll ~ M )I2În!fup.Cff.pp 1-"-136. 'W:am.u-o Uli'«llan.oru4ru:rrteol't'II4, 1972,
tiUftjWl\5loillduriJlgthe rtbdJJan DI pp 161-183.
of C3pri..-i. HeMwan:=bmyi :~pp::~r­
cntly hladrhe druulsCm40ma) of \hl! 1~. Om.:r liOI.JI'CFS~in •c rP - . 48 Ibid, p tt51. ho: :1lso ASI]~· 77Jt>
Mnwauiw ll1krmfromth~tm. n.- .:InaBercilwlll"Ile' Gebi~fCS ~wmrfiQJ!i 'rdirr:IOrGC:l.pT~
CL'l". 1952. p 19far :~difit:n::Itet­
1.~ Ajall::op cftp 8. .:b""KsRI.":lnguvndSatnb.ai. tn den
14 Ibid..Mil<bv .pt:, p 28. J~h." lMi.und 1906".,Wiltdlu goJ$ pl"'tCclcrmmely th:ttmc Subi&.W"iai·
!5 F~ INti,inltNic'I2 Apttl9&1 dltfr/Âi.i S~:bii"Btbiftvol 24!nb P<~! ouidJ the rizoof rhl 1J:uki.cg­
dom :!t'uciprcduc ofthe Mbukwhu.
16 .1Prct~•r Tbll.11'fof tJw J!sur~rw. 1. 11105p1.11:11ndAnGn,.Œo' De~.
Cupr/ i:Zipft.1:ttm/rf rbt!hi-rtr.riatl !'lür'lllJit.l)fl!.:r.pccl51ft:trWcl& :1ndlp:-.•blyTOb:J&, •
n:J\'h o.lcuaCaprivi-ZipfeCMut>r:bos 49 s""mukunl. "(>cilp \6i.
ancl N''fiJl/it 11/ ba~"''"t" 11'ltl· Jl"~-
"',.,.1ltaJUIlf"8Sp/Ml. 1<tiRp~.:iaf ~o.·rJ n.dr2i. 1910. p5'.iMlt, 50
wfrn.•m'•tu lbc J-'uTft:lau.•-<tmllml' lh:ot IJti:ul""ll!..unui l..o.""'11~l. J-,lhid. p- 1tÎ3.
1{~'""&. O.Ld!iSS.i~r.m.r'i:,·wO O rr f 1.P Maki. ,..,SirTmrrJf)'ru'crrll ;,_: lbJJ.p"161.
:-:...C".luc: t.nti:p~n.
,rSu:llc:nl><"1~). p l!l sm,lrn.«-.-1r.i1699-19u. Joh:!ntm~-..,.
,- lbil.l"I'J: :1.1.\l:ii~·ip '}.P llur;: Pl::r.o.HLp\.p-o.-1. 'i..,.lCl/l' 19\. .
(lp Cip IC'i'i.
IS Jf>i p16. ,\p('I:Jnlnllri,.c1~\;J,.hi•;tu Th..FIr "e ~f. tu:hin u~-~wr! .~ JR..:~.u r,u.-:,''hin rh<.!kill'-.orom
Kw~nùo lo:•':lm.:1.-nuu·rnc namc: nl:l!\!llF-l"- he~f'C!\o·(nu tners
"l..in~ ~~:JI:>uloil" cn:une 0( lhl• brui -pnJ~hl ~n·:r~"C 'O1IL It­t !he }~.> llt.\'l"lUl.~h:l\'''o::c;lt
... .....anjca uJto>hn:!t
r..-p,..,,.•:n,rl1he LUJII:mrhnril}'. m;o.....-'lnIXIll.leFnr the Subhl he: :;- .;h:mrukunr''Pcilp 16•
1 n:~mdt ~u--.~-:~mi. ":" ·K:lntl•ur••
;ilJ Pn:-t"llllr4t:llp -i!.!Ïlii:'Lm'olt re· /loi,/, hmmnt1 Lr .!1.
1'>1''J:ll olm:.['10;J PnrLuliu;r>po:pt. .;v llliJlfl.:!1-.U.
2h o.~lror:n.w Uijj;Cfld;l..lmuJ!i\I"J;ontf...rMur hîm :1:•Jntl\!~f:lm sû:-.-:biJ li11fnutnurc L-.,1~1.
(>!h"''"wbc. "'"''.::Lppuiu:J!llltl/1• .-\fmtolw<.CIPlr.191O.p -'*'·
~l :-. H.:l~!'t:•n!iueit~ rp i. p.;7. 61 li•M. f1t'.!1-ll
dum~--~~·pl"l u tltl"":anll[;llh'~.~ (.2 lbtcl..h•
.\1::1>-hi. The ._hnil'm mCJ\Itnr 1o '"'"'under 1he
10 Sc:c::'1-.;!at!~·i pr,!'i?-6U. :wrh•• ur~i!a~:-"~m~i··nnflnno:h~· 6:' lllwp ~~~binJ alo::o~ke:t:.=. m.­
h•~:~ rnulr\;o,.rrunmun! lpIll. ·Ft"r
:!.1~,..~l..u.:nn Strcîr»--.(R-rClt/Hirl Si..lc- ;l.l:ll$ik•'l'l~i Si::ln::rl. ="'1--">lnll.'6~..n.,~~ in~h ..kc.
Zipj"i:l. R..~îlho: !n,.eru. 1q11. "~rini rn.lJ:la\n"i1~."'·t19~t"'. Rut.tu n,ù .in}-:rl'lli at' ':.Lot.SC!'Cl:bre ;\"il'>
}/ p llt\. ':0Ulloipl,. •'
~·.~ !oX..lo.ZI".
'"' t: \{" ~nl!:· h:.k·h ~mc" :arul Lite ;H t.L:1-o.lu!].,Uer rth"~r!~ o:o..- b-! \1 <illrdmto'"'('dJ".l.
-'-l:lku\",·lfn ::l'i.J~/1rJ\J~~- Janu:r 11'1"'
1' i'o!nv, l)t' F.ILoml...ClrIJtC: ;fi .....1!r :-~lti"Ptcol l'z--2-'i (,~ 1 S..h:oJI'1~h.J.ll'f>r~ pril1f.I/1/'S
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Abb. 14 Die Expedition von Hauptmann Streitwolf überquert im Januar 1909 den
Chobe bei Ngoma. Das Obergestell des Wagens wird mit Hilfe von vier Ein­
baumen übergesetzt (Nat. Arch. Whk. Nr.6567)

Picture 14 The expedition of Captain s·treitwolf crosses the.Chobe at Ngo1909.January
The top part of the waggonis ferried acr0$5 with the help of four canoes .
(Nat.[ionaArch.[ives] Whk.No6567) ,_ - -

Historische Texte und Studien Imre Josef Demhardt

Band 16

ImreJoseDemhardt
DeutscheKolonialgrenzen
DeutschKolonialgrenzen in Afrika
in Afrika

Historisch-geographische Untersuchungen
von Deutsch-Südwestafrik:a und
Deutsch-Ostafrika

1997 1997
Georg Olms Verlag Georg Olms Verlag
Hildesheim· Zürich · New York
Hildesheim Zürich · New York
g 0
~ 340 DeutscheKo!onialgre;"rika 5. Nordgrenzedes SchutzgebietsDeutsch-Südwestafrika
341 1

Deutsche R(ich nach üwerhunlkeinwieaucimmer !!t>ll,lfitiel· f~rit i .1tdrli.fieutu/ tlr.rinemZusammengehemitdeKai~
les lnter.esse gezeigt llane. durch1.erwerheu1\1K~nrert<ia­ .urfil·hrnGmn·rmemrntùrFnÙ:eRemZURestimhtat."
tiom;objeschluder Re.~i Cdoemmti~~ dinnsUedrwe~t Teidesu.·n Darühet hiuawurdHauptmannStreitwolf vom Gouvernementangewie­

Bechuanalandesvor, das voôstl. Unge im Osten und dem Rivier des sen.mrJg!ichtingehendeErkundigungenüber die Verjenes Teils
Molopo im Süden sowie der Schutzgebiersgrenzeim Westen und Norden unseresSchutzgebietsanzus(DKB 1908 [Nr. 23 vom 1.12.1s,8J,
begrenzt seinUte. Dies harreeine vôllige Begradigung der Ostgrenze des52-1153).Der Anmarschder kleinen Streitwolf'schenKoloonevollzogsich

südwestafrikanischenSchutzgebietesbedeutet. Tatslichlich überreichte darauf-tfontein (Nord) und südlich am Ngami-Seevorbei zum Unterlaufdes
. hin der britische Botschafterin Berlin am 22.7.1908 eine Note seineLinyanti, wo sie Anfang Januar 19"Vonhieaus.durchquenedie
nmg, in der ausfiihrt"theStripto becededwouldappearof no intrin­ Karawaneden Caprivi-ZipfelvonSüdennachNordenund e"eiins­ nach

sic valueto Germany,whileits positionbetweentwo BritishAdministratigesamtzweimonatlir eisedenZambesiin derNliaufdergegentiber­
can hardlyfait to causea numberof troublesomefronti(Zitatedents" liegendenSeite des Flusses befindlichenenglischenStation Sesheke.Eine
nach PREScorr 1979, S. 9). Durch diese diplomatische Offensive LonderhiihteStelle,400Metervom·FlusseeniferntwahlteStreimtJnf­.11k
aufgeschreckt, ging das Reichskolonialarntnun endlich daran, diesentigenStandortder ResidenturSchuckmaundern'chtetehierdieersten

gendsten Teil seines südwestafrikanischen Schutzgebietes durch das provisorischenUnterkunftsHUPEL,S. 156)Hier nun richHaupt~
hoeker Gouvenunent regierungsarntlicherforschenzu lassen~ marm Streitwolf ais letzten Verwaltuugsbezirk Deutschimü1westafrikas
dest symbolische Reprasentanzein"DasAnsehendesDeutschenRei­ au6erstennordostlicbenWum1fortsatzdes SchutinWestenentlang
ches verlangtedie sichtbarelnbesitvtahmedes Gebietesund eine wirksames 2oostl. Lange- und damit einschlieJllicbdes StMbuku~"ndesder

Verwaltun(HUPEL,S. 155). sbu am Okavau~oan den Bezirk Grootfontein grenzenden Residenturdistrikt:·
Zur dortigen Dl!rcbsetzungvon Ruhe und Ordnunwi.l:k,samen_ SchuckmaiUlSburgais erster Resident eini6J. Schon in einem seiner ersten
Sclllltzder Wildbestândeverbot VQ!Schuckmanndeshalb zmuiëhst Berichte das Gouvenunent meldete HauptmaiUIStreitwolfdann hlnsichtlicb.·

durchVerord~!l 16!!!L.voIm90!l_j~gliche.!!.Z!!!!:i!L~!J!!I,{_I!PriY.~i.P..f~l,Je4.l8~nWertes des Caprivizipfels, daJldieser entgegenden briti- ,
licm!L~.!l.!.l'!.a.!WJ_Ç_~ eiheiLschçn_bil:eurdigen_~~r~ag,s-~~ÏMDnflüsterungendurchaus nicht uninteressantsei. .Wellllilberhaupt,daon
»~s.~e .i~m~-_s._':gus._be asqutllnde!Eerlf~ut-~..~!S$i~_lh.4.Ën!!!!'.~ Zipfel nur gegen d.ieWalfi"wirklichgutesLaetwa.
Zuwiderhandlungendurch WeiJlewurdenmit einer Geldstrafe von bis zu 5.000go, eingetauschtw"1he CapriviZipfso einer seiner britischen
1
Reichsmark und/oder bis zu drei Monate Gefiingn.isbedroht. WideiTecbtlichlgerJahrzehnres"isuselessto anyoneelsebut ofhighestvalueto
eingeführte Waren umerlagen nunmehrder Beschlagriahmungund Einziehung.Englis(TROLLOPES. 4). ·
Vor allem durch letztere Verfügung sollten die bekannten Hândlerzüge mlm Jahre 1911schlielllichwurde die bisherigemilitâriscbeVerwaltungdes .
'
groJlenMeugen Elfeubeinund Fellenaus dem Caprivizipfel durchdas britischenturdistriktsin die Zivilverwaltung überfilhrt, wobei jedocb auch wei­
Bechuanalandzurtgrenze des Schutzgebietsunterbunden werden. Mjt der_erhin ein abkommandierter Offizier der ScbutztruppResi~ Position des
~~~~~i _~~?e:u~~ç.d.-~Y~.~1r.lQ~urD_:l,lIhrige Distriktschef denten wahmahm. Ais Nachfolger des zllm Eingeborenenreferentenbeim Gou­
inGobab _iau~unann Streitwm, it zwei WeJ~i!~m....Edd~rll~!._.!l_m~ vernement versetzten Streitwolf emannte der Gouvemeur den langjâhrigen

·eînem Sanitâtssergeanten)soweinheimisci~~' nochoilizç_!gienernistriktscbefOmaruru, Hauptmatm von Frankenbergund Proschlitz, der.
·gkj~ h!~1n~!.!-~~id~eJ?,_ LnslnJtMliZusimmu~g seibriti· ';) nicbt nur über kolon.ialadministrativeErfaMsondeminseiner:.
schen Behôrden zog diese ldeine Expeditionsmachtdurch das Bechuanalandenschaftais Landmesserzweifeltosdergeeignete Mannfiir diesenPosten
.1
über dengami-Seenach KasungAmadortigen Zusammenfhillvon Cbobe 1var.lnfolge des Übergangs der Residentur in die Zivilverwaltung stellte·
.und Sambesi soUtemit der donigen britischenPolizeistation un,.auch derjeni·
gen in Sesbeke Fühlung aufgenommen "Es besteht voltigesEinver­
16)Residenten w1909-19Haup1mannStre'i(1904-19DistrlktimheJ
nehmenmitderbritischenKolonialbeso die amtliche Verlauimarung se]bstii.ndigenDistrikt Gobabis) und nach einer Vertretungsphasedurch Oberleutnant
"Deutschen Kolonialb"welchein dem Zusammenfluftvon zweifelhoften Kaufman1912-19Hauptmannvon Fr~nke(nb71r1.Distriktschefdes selb- .
Elementenauf unseremGebietmit RechtaucheineGefahrftjr dieRuhein der
stândigen Distrikts Omaruru), der ba94Kburlrbwarund errieuî·
.vonHauptmannK~ufmvrteen wurde.(HTSC_s_47).
_;

......' '~-. ·'
~.[In response to representations made by the British Government the

German] Govemor [of South WestAfrica] von Schuckmann on 16October
1908 issued a decree. In order to enforce law and order and to protect

wildlife he prohibited entry to the Caprivi Strip for everybody with the

exception of members of the native tribes and people holding a permit to
be issued for special reasons ... Captain Kurt Streitwolf, the district chief

in Gobabis, as he then was, together with two whites (a sergeant and a
medical sergeant) and twelve native police helpers were sent as Resident

to the Zambezi the same year in order to enforce the decree. (Imre Josef

Demhardt, Deutsche Kolonialgrenzen in Africa [Gennan Colonial
Boundaries in Africa] (1997), p.340)

.,
'1

·~·. t, ••.-•·.:··~;·..-::~~.~):=-<~::··~'
....'• .-.
.•. 1

OSKAR HINTRAGER

• •

_1 SUDWESTAFRIKA

IN DERDEUTSCHEN ZEIT

Mit '6 Bildern und 1Karte

f.

r

1955

KOMMI SSION SVE RLAG

R. OLDENBOURG MONCHEN ~.·..-·~... - .\:.
• L,;~~.

l06

Rechnllll:gs"jahr 1908 schloB mit einer Erspamis von je rund .zMillionèn

Mark bei der Zivil-und Militiirverwaltung-ab. Bei der Etatsberatung sagte
der.erfab:rene Gouverneur: ,Dem Militiirund den Arzten darf dieRegierung

die Staatsfinanzen nicht überlassen, sonst macht der Staat bankrott. Das sol!
kein Vorwurl' gegen diese Bemfe sein. Der eine bekampft den Feind,· der
andere die Krankheiten. Hierbei sallen und wollen beide nicht fragen, was

es kostet.u - <.·'t·
Bei _der alljahrlichen Beratung des Etats der _Schutztruppe .wiederholte _

Gouverneur von Schuckmana stets seine Mahnung, die Pferde der Schutz­
truppe nicht mit dem aus Deutschland eingeführten Hafer zu füttem, son­

dera mit dem im Lande gezogenen Mais und Kafferkorn (Hirse). Ein grofier
Teil der jahrlich rund .zMillionen Mark betragenden Kesten für die Hafer- ·

einfuhr konnte dadurch erspart, diè Er.nahrui::lgder Tiere im Kriegsfalle
gesichert und den Fumern ein dauernder Absatz im Lande ge~cha f fren

den. Wie gut dieser ~t des Gouverneurs war, hat sich im ersten Weltkrieg
gezeigt. In dem Telegramm vom 9· Juli 1915, durch das Gouverneur Seitz

dem Kaiser die Übergabe der Schutztruppe bei Khorab meldete, wird ais
·einer dcr Gründe der Aussichtslosigkeit der Fortsetzung des Kampfes

angeführt: ,Der heruntergekommene Zustand der Pferde, füt die seit
Monaten keinHafer mehrvorhanden war."_Die Blockade des Schutzgebiets
hatte die Hafereinfuhr verhindert.

Ende 1908 wurde durch den High Co~ssion eor Südafrika darüber
Klage geführt, daB sich in dem unbesetzten Caprivizipfel-. jenem scbmalen,

·zirka soo km langen Streifen vom Okawango bis an den Sambesi -'viel -
weilles Gesindel festgese12t und auf die Eingeborenen einen sehr schlechten

EinfiuB habe. Hierauf beaufttagte Gouverneur von Schuckmann den inder
Schutzgebietsverwaltung bestens bewahrten Distrikschef von Gobabis,

Hauptmann Streitwolf, a1s Resident im Caprivizipfel geordnete Zustande
zu schaffen.

Am 15. November 1908 marschierie Hauptmann Stteitwolfmit 3 Unter­
offizieren und 14 Eingeborenensoldaten von Gobabis ab und ·erreichte

über Olifantskluft, Riet;fontein und den Ngami-See am 3·Februar 1-909
den Sambesi. Der Marsch war auBerordentlich schwierig, zuerst eine fürèh­

terliche Dürre in ·der Kalahari, clann von Ende Dezember starker Regen,
der alles zum kaum passierbaren Sumpf machte.

Am Sambesi errichtete Streitwolf ein Lager, nicht weit von dem am
anderen Ufer liegenden Sesche)t.e, das Magistratssitz und Poststation war.

..:~_...,-------------------~--------------~~----- -~-

[106] At the end of 1908 the High Commissioner of South Africa
complained that in the unoccupied Caprivi Strip- that small sorne 500 km

long strip from the Okavango to the Zambezi - a lot of white riffraff bad

got a foothold and bad a very bad influence on the natives. In response to
this complaint Govemor von Schuckmann instructed Captain Streitwolf (the

districtchief of Gobabis, who was well experienced in the administration

of the protectorate) to establish arder in the Caprivi Strip as resident there.
(Oskar Hintrager, Südwestqfrika in der deutschen Zeit [South-West-A.frica

in the German Tzme] (1955) :fnnn: l\\1l'tA1.;m Y'f\e.'rVY\ : Gv...~ c tf :e :.D. ~v.ts~~

\ Uo\ O't~o to.\',\ (", "(" .'~)
326 fil) ~tld)l!gf~rrnlnll!~rn Rolon[(n. 11.Dl~ruldJIIoltmŒnlglnb~n Rolonltn. 327

1897: 9Unberpefl. ffiiebuteo'ti2Doffenunb Œieltdhtng. XlGommtln
Sept.:!Beginnbts <fl!tn&o{Jn&ouoeosn 6Œa!opmunbOU!iln midj·' oeld}itl)tuntett idung uon !lJii!lionoun.
tung 2lllnbt;ur. !Beginn'tl!Uauesbe!Boi).2ilbeti~budjt-Reelm11MI,ocp.
1905, 27Xltl.:
De3.'6i1 p.1898: ijelb3ug gegtn bie Gmatlboi• unh Xovnat•.f,oUen• 1906, mtat:;Der !Banbenfill)rerIDlorengoŒirbbie Œ.renaegeo
toUen unb bie motbŒtll•flereros, ttitben u1von ber 5\appoli.Jeiaefangen gefeiJt.
1898, 10. lllptll: 6dj&pfung oon Œlngebountn•1Jltfetooten. 24. lllug.:wlo!Bof;bi9 Œnbjtotion Xjumeb fertlggejtcnt, S,nbto
11.ott.:!Dminbaruttg 3mifdjenbem WusmlitlfgenWntt, stofcnllll• ltltbnol)me om 12. moutnl&tt.
a&telfununbber Gcutq iDe'llftŒ:ompon9ftb. btlr. 23.1>f3.:rfebensoerftmit be!8onbe1~tUQ.rts.
lln~ll ftttQ)cejUfftouf ITJU9ledjte bdr. l8o.u unb 1907, 39Rdt3: ill'uff:lges .Rtiegsaujtonbn im Gd}ubgebid. 'Q)efomt•

!Bdrkb oon <flfen&oqncn. uttlujt ln ben .Rdmfeil 1904Xot, oetmlht, an ben
17.~too. Jufommentritt ber beutJd]-tn.slommilfion3ur tielt• ijolgen ~enuunbu gnforben70 Offlatn132Unter•
legung ber 0Ttgnn3ebes 6d)ul!gebldes. offlalm9ltihr.
31. Dea.!Dnorbnung bdr. <finllagunguon ijorbnungeŒln•gett 20. Sept.:Dlorengnfdllt bei elnem !Bufolgungllgtfed)tburd) stavo
gebottnt. pollael.
1899, 23l}clir.: :tlerorbnunglidr. Shebltgn Œinge&orene. 1908, 9Jtdt3:fxpebltlon gtgen 6imon 5\opptr in ble l\olal):od. <Defedjl
13. IJ!ptRobdoerblnbung nad) GmofopmunbfutiggejtdltIll""f;l am 16, IDldt.J. .
Œntbelfungbes !Dodommensoon I>iomo.nttntm Sanbboben
flf)lul}on bas englifdje.Ropfto.bt·5ta&d. lllptil:
lJ2, !Junt: 1. .eanbmlttfdJo.ftltd}ln !lDinbl)uf.lg ~~ ldng!l ber .SUifte.
2. 6ept.$egtnn bu !llolen&oues&ei 61l!Qfopmunb, 21. .:5uni:e1'!ilbetl§bud)Jmldjt btn Œnbvlo\J.Rutman!ll}:Dop.
1900: Xln fel1896tlber ben Xlijldft (!)obaMsotrl}dngtgeiDtfene Dft.:tltt logtnonnte <ioptloi·31'Pfelwltb ln mnwo.ltung .se·
.S\rlegli3U}nbtaufgt"~oben. nommen.
1901,i5.9Rdt3: <frtdlung einn .Rono.nbleOtaoiIDUnenonb Œilen• 1909, 28.!Jan.:Bnorbnung be~hld}!if odr.ble SdbjtvertOG.1tung
ba~n·Œieletlfd)aft. 1n6d)u1Jbiet.

1. 2lug.: Xelegtopi~eerbinb 3uvj)eGmo.top.mu\lttb lllJtnb• 6. Juil:l:lle!B6ul)eim-5lalrfontdn fflr benoUgemdnen!Btdel)t
~ut l)ergeftellt. trl:lffnet.
1902, 1.,!SutXler~drie bt {fijtnboi}noon Œmo.lopmunbbis lll3inb• 1910, !Uillra:eginn be11!Boues btr !8ol)n'Rutmou~o nod)
i}ul eri)ffnet. !ID!nbqul.
1903, 23.!Juli: !llttorbnung lidr. 9tedmUslflngebotentn. Wptil: !8eglnnbt5 gfdd)tn !Baue1in iDinbl)u!.
1 1904, ~an. ::\eglnn bt!!l .flmro•5\rltgt!150 lllnflcbter unb 1911, I>t&.: :O.Redmansi)oop-!lDi tbfJ)tuuB.o~n
1913, 9. ,Juni: 3ur 5;)rberung bet .eanbtoirtfd)aflwltb ln !IDinbl)utrlne
6olboten werben etmorbd.
27• .3«Jt.: Œntfo1Joon Otai}onbjo. 5\rebltonftalt mid)let, metd}eben mamen ,f!o.nbtold(Lf.loft&o
4. l}e&r,: Œntjo.IJoon tU.n! bon!fr tleut(d)•6Ubme(to'rifo fill)d.
13.IDI:a (r~fd)tbd Owi!ofomo; oo11OffiJ\erenun389hitun
1 Offi3lm unb199Ro.nngtfolten. l
!llllr,p 2:\eginnbes iloOto.tof .~o8Œllfpmunbou!,
J;ull:Dlorengol!:Rdubeflli}renaur m:ulbei}nungbe!i.fldegu
l 5. meutfd):lmeu==C9u.inea.
- auf btn Gnben ber 5\o\onlt.
11. lllug.: Œefecf.lteo.m !lDoter&ng. Œnt{'illlebetiageber :i' .a)S\o.lJt~U~tlmsta ~nlbs,matdt•1U unbd.)lpe1
,flereros. j' eotomons•Snftln.
3. Dit.: ,î)enbdf iDitôol edldd btt !Jtegluungben .stdeg. t.'.
1905, 18. IDl:al: tlle DtomlolIll bis .Ratl&lbfedlggc&aut. 1884: 26. Wloi: mrnnbung btr ,9leu-Œuinto.•.Rompagnle'butdj (f)e{Jelmrat
29. OU.: !Jm <Defe;t ffol)lgtM m$jnbrit !lDitlioltôbtid}vu• 1 11flo.njemonnunb fdne ffreunbe,
Olt.-l'lea:.: ijlaggien.s~ntolll):oe,'irbrldjo!lnili}dmsl}o.fen,
mutbd. !Jnfolgebelfenuntermttftn fld) bit !IDitlicfll. ln ffinfdjl)o.fenunb lm !Bismord·Urdilpd.
.1. :nta.: :Der Gouonneur ntdht einen Uufru.fienraum .l
'J
-'NOTE FROM THE REGISTRY:

Annex 20 consists of four black-and-white reproductions of colour satellite photograph previews. Botswana

indicates in paragraph 28.5 (page 31) hereof that these photographs have been ordered and will be made
ava:ilableto the Court as soon as they are received from the supplier.

In the meantime, an original of the present document, including the abovementioned colour previews, bas
been deposited in the Library (Room No. 8) for the convenience of the Members of the Court. MSS- 28 June 1975
COMPOSIT EAGE (LANDSAMTSSBAND4S, 5 AND7 - BLUE,GREENR, ED
(NEARINFRA-RED-)JUNE1975)

.The composite image combines the three bands to show a clear
contrast between water and wet sail surwhich appear as
.dark black and othlandareas and vegetation. MSS- 1 November1975

COMPOSIITEAG{ELANDSM SSBAND4, 5 AN7 - BLUEGREEN ~ED
(NEARINFRA-RE- )NOVEMB19R5)

The composite image combines the three bands to showa clear
black and other land areas and vegetation.appear as dark TM- 16 May1995

COMPOSIT IEAGE(LANDSA TMBAND3 S, 4 AN5 - BLUE,GREENR , ED- MA1995)

The colour composite combines the three bands to depict gcontrast
between land/water featureThis enables channels to showclearlWater
bodies appeaa~ dark black due to their high radiative absorption in all
the depicted wavebands. TM- 5 September 1995

COMPOSIT IEAGE(LANDSA TTMBAND3 S, 4 AN5 - BLUE,GREENR , ED- SEPTEMBE1R95)

land/water features.This enables channels to showclearlWater bodies appearbetween
as dark black due to their high radiative absorption in all the depicted wavebands.