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WRITTEN REPLY OF THE REPUBLIC OF SLOVENIA TO THE QUESTIONS PUT BY MEMBERS OF THE COURT DURING THE ORAL PROCEEDINGS
19 December 2024
INTERNATIONAL COURT OF JUSTICE
OBLIGATIONS OF STATES IN RESPECT OF CLIMATE CHANGE
(REQUEST FOR ADVISORY OPINION)
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION .................................................................................................... 1
I. THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE RIGHT TO A CLEAN, HEALTHY AND SUSTAINABLE ENVIRONMENT AND OTHER RELEVANT HUMAN RIGHTS ................. 3

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Question put by Judge Cleveland
“During these proceedings, a number of participants have referred to the production
of fossil fuels in the context of climate change, including with respect to subsidies. In your
view, what are the specific obligations under international law of States within whose
jurisdiction fossil fuels are produced to ensure protection of the climate system and other
parts of the environment from anthropogenic emissions of greenhouse gases, if any?”
1. Climate change obligations1 are not activity or greenhouse gas specific.

INTERNATIONAL COURT OF JUSTICE
OBLIGATIONS OF STATES IN RESPECT OF CLIMATE CHANGE
(REQUEST FOR ADVISORY OPINION)
RESPONSES TO JUDGES’ QUESTIONS KINGDOM OF SAUDI ARABIA
20 December 2024
2
Judge Cleveland

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INTERNATIONAL COURT OF JUSTICE
OBLIGATIONS OF STATES IN RESPECT OF CLIMATE CHANGE
(Request for an Advisory Opinion)
REPLY STATEMENT OF THE INDEPENDENT STATE OF SAMOA
QUESTIONS ASKED BY
JUDGES CLEVELAND, TLADI, AURESCU AND CHARLESWORTH
AT THE CONCLUSION OF THE ORAL PROCEEDINGS
20 December 2024
2
Question put by Judge Cleveland:

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INTERNATIONAL COURT OF JUSTICE
OBLIGATIONS OF STATES IN RESPECT OF CLIMATE CHANGE
(REQUEST FOR ADVISORY OPINION)
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines’ Replies to Questions
December 20, 2024
2
Introduction
The proceedings focus on a composite act: the large-scale, long-term anthropogenic emissions
of greenhouse gases by certain States, conducted with knowledge of their harmful effects since
at least the 1960s. This conduct has caused substantial harm, disproportionately affecting

SAINT LUCIA’S RESPONSE TO QUESTIONS BY THE COURT
Saint Lucia takes this opportunity to thank the Court for the opportunity to address it once again
in the context of questions it has posed for consideration. Saint Lucia will only briefly address
Question 1.
Question 1 put by Judge Cleveland:
“During these proceedings, a number of participants have referred to the production of fossil
fuels in the context of climate change, including with respect to subsidies. In your view, what

INTERNATIONAL COURT OF JUSTICE
REQUEST FOR ADVISORY OPINION
OBLIGATIONS OF STATES
IN RESPECT OF CLIMATE CHANGE
WRITTEN RESPONSES
OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION
TO JUDGES’ QUESTIONS
20 DECEMBER 2024
2
Question put by Judge Cleveland
Question put by Judge Cleveland
“During thes

INTERNATIONAL COURT OF JUSTICE
OBLIGATIONS OF STATES IN RESPECT OF CLIMATE CHANGE
(REQUEST FOR ADVISORY OPINION)
Written Replies of the
Republic of the Philippines
20 December 2024
WRITIEN REPLIES TO TIUBUNAL'S QUESTIONS
20 DECEMBER 2024
2IPage
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Question of Judge Sarah H. Cleveland ........................................... 3
Reply of the Republic of the Philippines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .......... 3 - 9
Question of Judge Dire Tiacli .................................................. 10

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INTERNATIONAL COURT OF JUSTICE
OBLIGATIONS OF STATES IN RESPECT OF CLIMATE CHANGE
(REQUEST FOR ADVISORY OPINION)
Papua New Guinea’s response to the question posed by Justice Aurescu of the
International Court of Justice (ICJ)
20th December 2024
PAPUA NEW GUINEA
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Papua New Guinea’s response to the question posed by Justice Aurescu of the International Court of Justice (ICJ) on the Advisory Opinion on State obligations in respect of climate change
______________________________________________________________________________

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WRITTEN REPLY BY THE REPUBLIC OF PANAMA
TO THE QUESTIONS PUT BY JUDGES CLEVELAND, TLADI, AURESCU
AND CHARLESWORTH AT THE END OF THE PUBLIC SITTING ON
13 DECEMBER 2024
International Court of Justice
Question put by Judge Cleveland
“During these proceedings, a number of participants have referred to the production of
fossil fuels in the context of climate change, including with respect to subsidies. In your
view, what are the specific obligations under international law of States within whose