Experts’ Responses to Observations of
The Democratic Republic of the Congo and Uganda
regarding
Case Concerning Armed Activities on the
Territory of the Congo
The Democratic Republic of the Congo v. Uganda
* * *
International Court of Justice
1 March 2021
1
Table of Contents
Introduction 2
Report 1: Response regarding Loss of Life: Direct Deaths (Henrik Urdal) 4
Report 2: Response regarding Conflict-Related Excess Mortality (Debarati Guha-Sapir) 9

INTERNATIONAL COURT OF JUSTICE
CASE CONCERNING
ARMED ACTIVITIES ON THE TERRITORY OF THE CONGO
DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF THE CONGO
v.
UGANDA
UGANDA’S OBSERVATIONS ON THE EXPERTS REPORT
DATED 19 DECEMBER 2020
15 FEBRUARY 2021
i
Table of Contents
Introduction ............................................................................................................. 1
I. Observations on the Urdal Report ............................................................... 5

Note: This translation has been prepared by the Registry for internal purposes and has no official
character
INTERNATIONAL COURT OF JUSTICE
CASE CONCERNING
ARMED ACTIVITIES ON THE TERRITORY OF THE CONGO
(DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF THE CONGO v. UGANDA)
SECOND PHASE
QUESTION OF REPARATION
OBSERVATIONS OF THE DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF THE CONGO
ON THE EXPERTS’ REPORT OF 19 DECEMBER 2020
14 February 2021
[Translation by the Registry]
- 1 -

Experts Report on Reparations
for
The International Court of Justice
* * *
Case Concerning Armed Activities on
the Territory of the Congo
The Democratic Republic of the Congo v. Uganda
19 December 2020
1
Table of Contents
Introduction 2
Report 1. Loss of Life : Direct Deaths 7
Report 2. Conflict-Related Excess Mortality 19
Report 3. Quantum Recommended Amounts: Human Lives and Property Damage 42
Report 4. Exploitation of Natural Resources 70
2
Introduction

INTERNATIONAL COURT OF JUSTICE
CASE CONCERNING
ARMED ACTIVITIES ON THE TERRITORY OF THE CONGO
DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF THE CONGO
v.
UGANDA
COUNTER-MEMORIAL OF UGANDA ON REPARATION
VOLUME I
6 FEBRUARY 2018

INTERNATIONAL COURT OF JUSTICE
_________________________________________________________________
CASE CONCERNING
ARMED ACTIVITIES ON THE TERRITORY OF THE CONGO
DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF THE CONGO
v.
UGANDA
MEMORIAL OF UGANDA ON REPARATION
VOLUME I
28 SEPTEMBER 2016

Note: This translation has been prepared by the Registry for internal purposes and has no official
character
14681
INTERNATIONAL COURT OF JUSTICE
CASE CONCERNING ARMED ACTIVITIES ON THE TERRITORY OF THE CONGO
(DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF THE CONGO v. UGANDA)
SECOND PHASE
QUESTION OF REPARATION
MEMORIAL
OF THE
DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF THE CONGO
September 2016
[Translation by the Registry]
TABLE OF CONTENTS

COUR INTERNATIONALE DE JUSTICE
RECUEIL DES ARRÊTS,
AVIS CONSULTATIFS ET ORDONNANCES
DÉLIMITATION TERRESTRE ET MARITIME
ET SOUVERAINETÉ SUR DES ÎLES
(GABON/GUINÉE ÉQUATORIALE)
ORDONNANCE DU 7 AVRIL 2021
2021
INTERNATIONAL COURT OF JUSTICE
REPORTS OF JUDGMENTS,
ADVISORY OPINIONS AND ORDERS
LAND AND MARITIME DELIMITATION
AND SOVEREIGNTY OVER ISLANDS
(GABON/EQUATORIAL GUINEA)
ORDER OF 7 APRIL 2021
Mode officiel de citation :
Délimitation terrestre et maritime et souveraineté sur des îles

INTERNATIONAL COURT OF JUSTICE
Peace Palace, Carnegieplein 2, 2517 KJ The Hague, Netherlands
Tel.: +31 (0)70 302 2323 Fax: +31 (0)70 364 9928
Website Twitter YouTube LinkedIn
Press Release
Unofficial
No. 2021/14
29 March 2021
Armed Activities on the Territory of the Congo (Democratic Republic of the Congo v. Uganda) The Court to hold public hearings on the question of reparations from Tuesday 20 April to Friday 30 April 2021