Volume VI - Annexes | INTERNATIONAL COURT OF JUSTICE

Document Number

172-20190425-WRI-01-05-EN

Parent Document Number

172-20190425-WRI-01-00-EN

Document File

172-20190425-WRI-01-05-EN.pdf

INTERNATIONAL COURT OF JUSTICEINTERPRETATION AND APPLICATION OF THE INTERNATIONAL CONVENTION ON THE ELIMINATIONOF ALL FORMS OF RACIAL DISCRIMINATION(THE STATE OF QATAR v.THE UNITED ARAB EMIRATES)MEMORIAL OF THE STATE OF QATARANNEXES 149 -162VOLUME VI25APRIL 2019

VOLUME VI
ANNEXES 149 - 162
Books, Articles, and News Articles
Annex 149 Y. Shany, The Competing Jurisdictions of International Courts and Tribunals (Oxford University Press, 2003)
Annex 150 P. Thornberry, The International Convention on the Elimination of all Forms of Racial Discrimination: A Commentary
(Oxford University Press, 2016)
Annex 151 D. Weissbrodt, The Human Rights of Non-Citizens (Oxford
University Press, 2008)
Annex 152 Aziz El Yaakoubi, “Emir of Qatar calls for negotiations to ease Gulf boycott”, The Independent (22 July 2017), available at
https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/emir-qatar-sheikh-tamim-bin-ha…
Annex 153 Nashwa Fakry, “Testimonies of Citizens and Residents Affected by the Blockade”, Al Sharq (29 June 2018), available at https://www.al-sharq.com/article/29/06/2018/%D8%B4%D9%87%D8%A7 %D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%AA-%D9%85%D9%88%D8%A7%D8 %B7%D9%86%D9%8A%D9%86-%D9%88%D9%85%D9%82 %D9%8A%D9%85%D9%8A%D9%86-%D8%AA%D8%B6%D8%B1%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%A7-%D9%85%D9%86-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AD%D8%B5%D8%A7%D8%B1 (with certified translation)
Other Documents
Annex 154 Xinhua Online Dictionary, Definitions of “原”, “属”, and “国”, available at http://xh.5156edu.com (with certified translation)
Annex 155 Ozhegov Dictionary, Definitions of “Национальный” and “Нация”, available at http://www.ozhegov.com;
Ushakov’s Dictionary, Definition of “Происхождение”, available at https://slovar.cc/rus/ushakov (with certified translation)
Annex 156 Real Academia Española, Diccionario de la lengua española, Definitions of “Nacion”, “Nacional”, and “Origen”, available at https://dle.rae.es (with certified translation)
Annex 157 Emirates Airline, Help Centre: Travel updates, available at
https://www.emirates.com/ae/english/help/travel-updates.aspx# /#4258319
Annex 158 United States Department of Justice, FARA Registration Unit, Exhibit A to SCL Social Limited Registration Statement Pursuant to the Foreign Agents Registration Act (6 October 2017), available at https://efile.fara.gov/docs/6473-Exhibit-AB-20171006-1.pdf
Annex 159 Government Communications Office for State of Qatar v. John Does 1-10 (Supreme Court of the State of New York, County of Kings): Documents obtained in U.S. proceedings
Annex 160 Video, posted on Snapchat by Ghanem Abdullah Mattar (undated) (with certified translation)
Annex 161 Compendium of Social Media Posts (with certified translation)
Annex 162 Expert Report of Dr. J.E. Peterson, dated 9 April 2019
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Y. Shany, The Competing Jurisdictions of International Courts and Tribunals (Oxford University Press, 2003)

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P. Thornberry, The International Convention on the Elimination of all Forms of Racial Discrimination: A Commentary (Oxford University Press, 2016)

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D. Weissbrodt, The Human Rights of Non-Citizens
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Aziz El Yaakoubi, “Emir of Qatar calls for negotiations to ease Gulf boycott”, The Independent (22 July 2017), available at https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/emir-qatar-sheikh-tamim-bin-ha…

3/31/2019Emir of Qatar calls for negotiations to ease Gulf boycott | The Independenthttps://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/emir-qatar-sheikh-tamim-bin-ha……1/6News > WorldEmir of Qatar calls for negotiations to ease Gulfboycott'Any solution must respect the sovereignty and will of each state'Aziz El Yaakoubi| |Click to follow The IndependentSheikh Tamim bin Hamad Al Thani said Qatar remains open to dialogue ( AP )Saturday 22 July 2017 00:53SUBSCRIBE REGISTERLOGIN
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3/31/2019 Emir of Qatar calls for negotiations to ease Gulf boycott | The Independent
https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/emir-qatar-sheikh-tamim-bin-ha…… 2/6
Qatar accuses UAE of violating international
law in news agency hack
What happens when you fly Qatar Airways
during a diplomatic crisis
The situation in Qatar will soon become like
Yemen
American Airlines Says Qatar Airways
Investment Won't Fly
In his first speech since four Arab countries severed ties with his country, Qatar's emir called for dialogue
to resolve a political crisis pitting his country against them.
A defiant Sheikh Tamim bin Hamad al-Thani said life was continuing as normal despite what he
described as an unjust "siege" from Saudi Arabia, the United Arab Emirates, Bahrain and Egypt.
The countries cut ties and imposed sanctions on Qatar last month, accusing it of financing extremist
groups and supporting terrorism, which the emir denied.
"Qatar is fighting terrorism relentlessly and without compromise, and the international community
recognises this," Sheikh Tamim said in the televised speech.
He spoke hours after
US Secretary of State Rex
Tillerson said the United
States was satisfied with
Qatar's efforts to implement
an agreement aimed at
combating terror financing,
and urged the four states to
lift their "land blockade".
It also comes days before
Turkish President
Recep Tayyip Erdogan, who
had supported Qatar in the
crisis, was due to visit Qatar,
Saudi Arabia and Kuwait to
try to resolve the rift.
Earlier this month during a round of shuttle diplomacy, Tillerson signed a deal with Qatar to fight
terrorism financing, part of efforts led by Kuwait to try to resolve the most serious rift in the Westernallied
Gulf in decades.
Read more
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3/31/2019Emir of Qatar calls for negotiations to ease Gulf boycott | The Independenthttps://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/emir-qatar-sheikh-tamim-bin-ha……3/6An official comment from the four Arab countries had yet to be issued, but a Saudi royal court advisordescribed it as a piece of literary work written by a school student. "Had it been written by a student inmiddle school he would have flunked," Saud al-Qahtani wrote on his Twitter account.Commentators hosted by the Saudi-owned al-Arabiya television also denounced the speech."This is a speech of obstinacy which sends messages that Qatar will not stop supporting terrorism," saidAli al-Naimi, editor of an online news website published in the UAE.The crisis revolves around allegations that Qatar supports Islamist militant groups, including in Syria andLibya, and hosts members of the Muslim Brotherhood.It began after a speech in late May by Sheikh Tamim appeared on the state news agency's website, whichDoha said he had never made and indicated the website had been hacked from one of its neighbours,indicating the UAE.Qatar's stadium plans for 2022 World CupShow all 12sSTARTQUIZvia The IndependentThe IndependentThe IndependentSUBSCRIBE REGISTERLOGIN
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3/31/2019Emir of Qatar calls for negotiations to ease Gulf boycott | The Independenthttps://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/emir-qatar-sheikh-tamim-bin-ha……4/6The Washington Post, citing US intelligence officials, last week reported that the United Arab Emirateshad arranged for Qatari government social media and news sites to be hacked in order to post the fierybut false quotes. The UAE denied any involvement.Sheikh Tamim described the sanctions as a campaign that had been pre-planned against Qatar, calling itan act of aggression against Doha's foreign policy."Its planners planted statements to mislead public opinion and the countries of the world," he said.Sheikh Tamim vowed to withstand the sanctions and said he had instructed the Qatari government thatQataris should become more self-reliant and called for the economy to be opened up to foreigninvestments."The time has come for us to spare the people from the political differences between the governments,"he said, urging dialogue."Any solution must respect the sovereignty and will of each state," he added.We’ll tell you what’s true. You can form your own view.SUBSCRIBE REGISTERLOGIN
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3/31/2019Emir of Qatar calls for negotiations to ease Gulf boycott | The Independenthttps://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/emir-qatar-sheikh-tamim-bin-ha……5/6At The Independent, no one tells us what to write. That’s why, in an era of political lies and Brexit bias,more readers are turning to an independent source. Subscribe from just 15p a day for extra exclusives,events and ebooks – all with no ads.Subscribe nowMORE ABOUTSHEIKH TAMIM BIN HAMAD AL-THANIQATARReuse contentCommentsShare your thoughts and debate the big issuesLearn moreIndependent news emailEnter your email addressContinueJoin the discussionNewest firstOldest firstMost likedLeast likedRegister with your social account or click here to log inLoading comments...SUBSCRIBE REGISTERLOGIN
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3/31/2019Emir of Qatar calls for negotiations to ease Gulf boycott | The Independenthttps://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/emir-qatar-sheikh-tamim-bin-ha……6/6GET IN TOUCHContact usJobsOUR PRODUCTSSubscriptionsInstall our appsArchiveOTHER PUBLICATIONSEvening StandardNovaya GazetaLEGALCode of conduct and complaintsContributorsCookie policyPrivacy noticeUser policiesEXTRASAll topicsVoucher codesAdvertising guideSyndicationSUBSCRIBE REGISTERLOGIN
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Annex 153
Nashwa Fakry, “Testimonies of Citizens and Residents Affected by the Blockade”, Al Sharq (29 June 2018), available at https://www.al-sharq.com/article/29/06/2018/%D8%B4%D9%87%D8%A7%D8%AF%D8… (with certified translation)

1/6 Testimonies of Citizens and Residents Affected by the Blockade URL for the article/al-sharq.com/article/29/06/2018 Local news, Friday 06/29/2018, 1:30 a.m. Arbitrary measures adopted against Qatar by blockade states Nashwa Fakry: Sad stories of people affected by the Gulf Crisis * The blockade caused human, social and economic tragedies for every stratum of society * Citizens and residents are banned from performing do Hajj and Umrah rituals * Qatari women forced to leave their mothers in blockade states * Student Abdullah Al-Qahtani: How can I get my official documents from an authority that is our enemy? The arbitrary measures, adopted by the blockade states against Qatar, have given rise to the rupture and separation of many families. Moreover, they inflicted economic damages to companies, real estate investments owned by Qataris, and students have been prevented from pursuing their studies in blockade states. Apart from that, citizens and residents were banned from performing Hajj and Umrah, and therefore, Hajj and Umrah companies had to close down in the country and went complete bankrupt. Blockade states have prevented their citizens from going to Qatar, without due consideration to the mixed marriages of many Qatari women to men from the Gulf States and Qatari men married to women from the Gulf states, who have been forced to return to their countries and leave their families, their husbands, wives and children behind. There are also humanitarian cases: children divided between Qatari mothers and Gulf state fathers and vice versa or Qatari Qatar
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2/6 women forced to leave their mothers in blockade states. Their close families are also subject to this punishment. While the Qatari authorities have reiterated that everyone is welcome to remain in Qatari territory, however with pressure from human rights organizations, the blockade states to reconsider their policies, but in vain. The blockade states continued to exercise pressures on their citizens to leave Qatar. The National Human Rights Committee has recorded the numbers of families of both nationalities living in the state as follows: 556 Saudi men married to Qatari women; 401 Bahraini men married to Qatari women and 380 Emirati men married to Qatari women. There are also 3,138 Saudi women married to Qatari citizens; 944 Bahraini women married to Qatari men and 1,055 Emirati women whose husbands are Qatari. A number of Qatari national and resident businesspeople and investors have spoken to the local media, as well as families and students affected by the unjust blockade imposed on Qatar by neighbouring states, which has lasted nearly 389 days. It has caused a number of social and economic tragedies, not only for Qatari nationals but for residents in Qatar too. There are a number of mixed families who have refused to appear in the media out of fear for their relatives and loved ones in blockade states being harmed or sanctioned, according to local media. Abdullah Dabsan Al-Qahtani, a Qatari student who was studying in Egypt, is an example of the students who have been denied the right to complete their university studies. He said, "On the morning of June 5, my flight to Qatar was at 10am. I was sleeping at the time. When I saw the enormous number of phone calls I received, I was afraid and anxious. I quickly called one of my brothers. He asked me whether I was aware of the unfolding events. I wondered, how can I go and get my official documents from an authority that is our enemy and looks at me as though I am a terrorist. I approached them many times, but there has been no response from them." Qatar Abullah Dabsan Al-Qahtani, Student
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3/6 There is also a Qatari father, who wanted his name and photo to remain anonymous, separated from his Emirati wife. He has a daughter who lives with her mother. He cannot see her or check up on her. He said they will travel and meet in another state; he expressed his concern for his daughter and wants her to return to live with him in Qatar. A Bahraini student living with her Qatari mother narrating her story "We received telephone calls instructing us to go back home or otherwise we would be stripped of our nationality. Forcing me to leave Qatar would make me lose my whole life.” One of the humanitarian cases of mixed families who have been harmed early by the unjust blockade imposed on Qatar is that of university student Unud Al-Jalahama and her sister Hunuf, who both live with their Qatari mother, who is separated from their Bahraini father. She and her sisters are afraid of being forced to leave Qatar. In an interview with Al Jazeera documentary channel, she stated that her father is a Bahraini citizen, separated from their mother since Unud was 4. She remained in her mother's custody in Qatar and lived with her in Qatar. After the blockade, the Saudi, Bahraini and Emirati governments issued instructions to their citizens requiring them to leave Qatari territories, otherwise measures will be taken against them, such as being stripped of their citizenships. Unud said, "All my memories, my friends and my family are in Qatar. So being forced to leave Qatar would be difficult and painful for me. It's painful to imagine ones' life to go down the drain or to become on the edge, or one's memories are robbed away from him. It's extremely difficult." This is mainly due to the fact that she is studying medicine at the Weill Cornell Medical College. Just one week after the crisis started, her mother received telephone calls from people claiming to be from the Bahraini Embassy, demanding that Unud and her sister return to Bahrain or their passports would be cancelled. In Gulf countries, the practice is that children are granted their citizenships by descent from their fathers' nationality. This means that Unud and her sister could then be between a rock and a hard place; i.e. Either they leave their mother and the place they grew up and were raised in, or lose their citizenship. Unud said, "The Bahraini authorities gave us only around two weeks to go back." She mentioned that she remembers her feelings of fear and anxiety. A few days later, she mulled
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4/6 over the options she had, and reflected on the consequences of the decision she would make and what would happen to her education since this could have an adverse impact on her mental health, let alone, her sisters above anything else. She said, "After that, we received another telephone call echoing the same demands, regardless of the fake news, which stated news that people with families in Qatar won't be forced to go to Bahrain. They were playing with people's feelings. They think they can control our feelings, that they will achieve their aims by putting pressure on the vulnerable, or they don't realize that people have a voice and they will raise it. Social media platforms have made the whole world a small village. The blockade states don't seem to realize this." Serious problems facing people performing Umrah in Saudi Arabia at the time of the blockade Owner of a Hajj and Umrah agency closes his business for good after rents in arrears pile up * Inhumane treatment by Saudi immigration officers against Qatari pilgrims Qatari nationals and residents are prevented from performing Hajj and Umrah rituals. Jaber Ali Al-Azba, the owner of a Hajj and Umrah agency said, "Previously, Hajj and Umrah services for pilgrims were easy on both sides, the Saudi and Qatari alike. Now things have changed after making a decision that prohibited us from performing the Hajj and Umrah rituals. Even our partners in Makkah and Madinah, the hotel owners and agencies, are very upset. They could not have anticipated this decision. At the same time, we had pilgrims in the Holy Land when this problem started. The immigration officers there banned the buses from entering or exiting Qatar. One of the buses had to wait from 7am until 2pm as the immigration officer refused to stamp the pilgrims' passports. Other problems included the immigration officers' denial of the pilgrims bus access to the gate and they had to walk, at 2pm from the gate to the immigration officer, which is about 500m” while they were fasting and accompanied by children, women and the elderly. The Agency owner stated that he had to close the business after the rent demands and employees' wages piled up. He handed over the leased office to the landlord and removed the company signboard; he closed the office for good. He mentioned that he had calls and queries from many people; Qatari nationals and residents, seeking to perform Umrah in Ramadan, but he has no answers for them. Some of them said that they could perform Umrah by travelling via Oman or Kuwait. He said that he was in Kuwait a few days before Ramadan but that there was no programme scheduled for this at Kuwaiti travel agencies. He said, "if Makkah was open to pilgrims, I would have around 4000 pilgrims or even more who are willing to perform the pilgrimage rituals, should they have this option.” “I have suffered because of this unjust blockade..." Qatari businesswoman: My business was on the slide and I have been affected and prevented from contacting my family Qatar Jaber Ali Al-Azba, owner of Hajj and Umrah agency Annex 153
5/6 Qatari businesswoman, Lulu Al-Obaidali, restauranteur, is an example of those whose businesses and work have suffered as a result of the blockade. She has, however, been able to make a comeback as she placed an image of Tamim the Glorious outside her store for all her restaurant clients to see, in an expression of her pride and confidence. However, the blockade has had a huge negative effect on her business; she used to have 4 different restaurants in Doha and now she only has one. Though the turnover of her business plummeted down, she is still grappling with difficulties in the supply of ingredients for potato chips. Al-Obaidali said that the blockade has also had a negative effect on her family, which had a greater effect on her. She said, "My siblings are my flesh and blood. You can't contact them, which is very hurtful and sad." She also has relatives in blockade states, some of whom have had happy and sad occasions to mark, yet she was unable to be with them. She said that she used to import spices for the restaurants from a neighbouring state, but she had now agreed with some Qatari women traders for them to produce the spice mixes for her so that everything would be produced in Qatar. The blockade made her look for the necessary raw ingredient suppliers for the fast food restaurants she owns, particularly as her work relies on offering quick mixes of food offering up to 18 flavours. In her work, she uses spices and flavours for spiral chips, which she offers at her restaurant. She mentioned that they had simple stored ingredients that were enough for 3 months and these ran out and she had to find a way to deal with this problem. Al-Obaidali was able to easily arrange the basic ingredients to make the chips from other sources and was able to overcome the negative effects of the blockade. She has also not been able to provide all other ingredients, and therefore, focused primarily on the local market to find new suppliers for the other essential ingredients, particularly spices. He can no longer contact his business partners... Yusuf Al-Naseer: My shop in the UAE was looted and lawyers are refusing to defend me Yusuf Al-Naseer is a Qatari investor who started up a business in the UAE, particularly as the market was open to all in neighbouring countries. The blockade came as a shock and his business suffered losses. He said, "My business partners with whom I share business interests in the UAE, and often met at my shop, and who once were by my side and my neighbours, don't talk to me. They've cut contact. I was told that the goods in my company there were looted and people took them." He said that he had contacted many lawyers in the UAE. When he told them that he is a Qatari national, they refused to act on his behalf. He called other lawyers but they all had the same response, "Qatari? I'm sorry, I can't help." He continued: There was a contact person between us and the UAE. Suddenly he stopped communicating with us. We learned that the authorities there had summoned him and prevented him from contacting me or anyone else in Qatar. We have not been able to get our profits and goods up until now, so how will we have the courage in the future to invest in these states? Huge losses accumulated by cargo companies between GCC countries 900 trucks used to cross the Abu Samra Al-Hammoudi crossing every day Visas withheld from drivers coming from Qatar on the morning of the blockade The road is empty whereas it used to be full of trucks coming and going from the UAE, Kuwait, Bahrain and Saudi Arabia and to Qatar. Now, many companies have closed down after the highway border leading to Saudi Arabia closed. It was a corridor full of trucks. It is almost completely empty now since Qatar was targeted by its historical neighbours in Saudi Arabia, the UAE and Bahrain. All journeys to and from Qatar have been stopped and air space has been closed to Qatar Airways. Saudi Arabia has also closed the only land crossing to Qatar. In the past, it was an active area but now it is completely deserted. Economic integration, which was essential to GCC states, made Qatar rely Annex 153
6/6 extensively on its GCC neighbours which has caused huge losses, particularly for freight companies responsible for transport between the states. Mohammed Owais Shafiq, a Pakistani national, owner of a transport company, said that he had suffered huge losses of around 90% of his operations, which depend on freight transport between GCC states. He said that the blockade had forced them to stop completely. He hopes that everyone will resolve the Gulf Crisis. However, his hope is disappearing gradually as the months go by, without any breakthrough. Like other companies operating in Qatar, this company has to adapt to the new situation. The company has had to restructure and focus on internal transport through Qatar's sea ports. Shafiq stated that transport to and from the port calls for a completely different strategy to transport across land borders. It also requires trucks and trailers with special specifications. He said that he had to make some changes to around 95% of trucks in his fleet, adding that drivers had to be retrained. He wonders how any economy can survive without transport? He went on saying, "We saw that around 800 to 900 trucks were crossing the Abu Samra border every day, carrying different types of materials only across the Abu Samra crossing. These materials still reach Qatar, but either via air or sea ports. These materials must reach consumers and, in this way, there will still be a need for transport. We will continue our operations in one way or another, but this time through internal transport only. The volume of work varies as does the revenue made. As a result of this, we haven't reached the maximum capacity of the transport fleet yet." When the borders closed For his part, Roshan Patrai, a truck driver, said that he loaded the truck going to Saudi Arabia, but he didn't know that the borders were closed. Arriving at the border checkpoint with Saudi Arabia, the Saudi borders and customs police officers told him that he had to return as he would not get a transport visa, as the borders had closed. He went on saying, "My work as a truck driver transporting building materials to and from GCC countries is my main bread and butter. Crossing borders was easy up until the beginning of June 2017. There were more than 500 trucks with their drivers. Most of these trucks would carry goods from here from Qatar. They all had to turn back. I called my company and they asked him if we were the only ones not getting visas. I told them they would not give visas to any trucks and drivers coming from Qatar. They told us all to go back to where we came from." Roshan came from Nepal to work in Qatar in 2010. Since then he has driven a truck for a company. The company's success and growth is due to it transporting goods between Qatar and its neighbours for 25 years. The company started with just 5 trucks and now owns more than 150 trucks. Annex 153
شهادات مواطنين ومقيمين تضرروا من الحصار
شهادات-مواطنين-ومقيمين-تضرروا-من-الحصار /al-sharq.com/article/29/06/2018
2018 الساعة 1:30 ص -06- محليات الجمعة 29
إجراءات تعسفية تبنتها دول الحصار ضد قطر
نشوى فكري:
قصص مؤلمة لحالات متضررة من الأزمة الخليجية
* الحصار تسبب في مآسي إنسانية واجتماعية واقتصادية لكافة فئات المجتمع
* منع الحج والعمرة عن المواطنين والمقيمين
* قطريات أجُبرن على ترك أمهاتهن في دول الحصار
* الطالب عبدالله القحطاني: كيف أستطيع الذهاب للحصول على أوراق رسمية للجهة
التي تعادينا
أدت الإجراءات التعسفية، التي تبنتها دول الحصار ضد قطر، إلى تمزيق وتفرقة الكثير من العائلات،
وأضرت اقتصاديا بشركات، واستثمارات عقارية يملكها القطريون، وتم حرمان طلاب وطالبات من إكمال
دراستهم في دول الحصار، كل هذا بالإضافة إلى منع الحج والعمرة للمواطنين والمقيمين، الأمر الذي أدى
إلى إغلاق مكاتب الحج والعمرة بالدولة، وإفلاسها تماما.
وقامت دول الحصار، بمنع مواطنيها من القدوم إلى قطر، دون النظر إلى الكثير من القطريات المتزوجات
من خليجين، والقطريين المتزوجين من خليجيات، والذين تم إجبارهم على العودة لبلدانهم، وترك عائلاتهم
من أزواج وزوجات وأبناء، ومن الحالات الإنسانية أيضا، أبناء تشتتوا بين أمهات قطريات وآباء خليجيين
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والعكس، أو قطريات أجبرن على ترك أمهاتهن في دول الحصار، أو أسرهم من الدرجة الأولى، وهم أيضا
سيتعرضون للعقاب.
ففي الوقت الذي أكدت فيه، السلطات القطرية أن الجميع مرحب بهم، للبقاء على أراضي قطر، إلا أن
حقوق الإنسان حاولت أن تجعل دول الحصار تعيد سياساتها، بل بالعكس ظلت دول الحصار تمارسالضغوط على مواطنيها لمغادرة قطر، وقد سجلت اللجنة الوطنية لحقوق الإنسان أيضا حالات لأسر
مختلطة تقيم بالدولة، وهي 556 سعوديا متزوجين من قطريات، و 401 بحريني متزوج من قطرية، و 380
إماراتيا متزوجين من قطريات.
وهناك 3138 سعوديات متزوجات من مواطنين، و 944 بحرينية متزوجات من قطريين، و 1055 إماراتية
متزوجات من مواطنين.
حيث تحدث لوسائل الإعلام المحلية، عدد من رجال الأعمال والمستثمرين القطريين والمقيمين، إضافة
إلى عدد من العائلات والطلاب الذين تضرروا من الحصار الجائر المفروض على قطر من دول الجوار،
والذي تخطى قرابة 389 يوما، والذي أفرز العديد من المآسي الاجتماعية والاقتصادية، ليس فقط
للمواطنين القطريين، بل للمقيمين على أرض قطر ايضا.
وهناك العديد من العائلات المشتركة، الذين رفضوا الظهور في وسائل الإعلام، خوفا من تعرض أقرانهم
وأقاربهم في دول الحصار للأذى أو العقاب، حسبما أكدت وسائل الإعلام المحلية، ويعد عبدالله دبسان
القحطاني الطالب القطري الذي كان يدرس في مصر، أحد النماذج للطلاب الذين حرموا من استكمال
دراستهم الجامعية، حيث تحدث قائلا: صباح 5 يونيه كانت رحلتي إلى قطر الساعة 10 ، وكنت وقتها نائما،
وعند رؤية الكم الهائل من الاتصالات أصابني الخوف والقلق، فسارعت بالاتصال بأحد إخواني، والذي
سألني ألا تعرف ماذا حدث، متسائلا كيف أستطيع الذهاب للحصول على أوراق رسمية للجهة التي تعادينا،
وتنظر لي كإرهابي، تواصلت معهم أكثر من مرة ولم يكن هناك رد من جانبهم.
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وأيضا أحد الآباء القطريين، والذي رفض الظهور باسمه أو صورته، حيث إنه قد انفصل عن زوجته من
الجنسية الإماراتية، ولديه ابنة تعيش مع أمها، ولا يستطيع رؤيتها أو الاطمئنان عليها، مؤكدا أنهم يسافرون
للالتقاء في إحدى الدول الأخرى، معربا عن قلقه على ابنته ويرغب في عودتها للعيش معه في قطر.
طالبة بحرينية تعيش مع والدتها القطرية تروي قصتهاتلقينا مكالمات هاتفية تطالبنا بالعودة أو تجريدنا من الجنسية
إجباري على مغادرة قطر إهدار لكل سنوات حياتي
واحدة من الحالات الإنسانية، للعائلات المشتركة التي تضررت من الحصار الجائر المفروض على الدولة،
هي الطالبة الجامعية العنود الجلاهمة وأختها الهنوف، واللتان تعيشان مع أمهما القطرية، والتي انفصلت
عن والدهما البحريني الجنسية، حيث إنها وأخواتها متخوفون، من اضطرارهم لمغادرة دولة قطر، وقدأوضحت لقناة الجزيرة الوثائقية، أن والدهم البحريني الجنسية، قد انفصل عن والدتهم، عندما كانت العنود
في الرابعة من العمر، ظلت في حضانة والدتها في قطر، وتعيش معها في دولة قطر، إلا أنه بعد الحصار
أصدرت حكومات السعودية والبحرين والإمارات تعليماتها لمواطنيهم، بضرورة مغادرة الأراضي القطرية،
وإلا سيتم اتخاذ إجراءات ضدهم بما فيها تجريدهم من الجنسية.
وقالت العنود: إن كل ذكرياتي وصديقاتي وأسرتي فى قطر، لذا فإن إجباري على مغادرة قطر سيكون أمرا
صعبا ومريرا، تخيلوا أن حياة شخص كاملة تنزع منه وتهدر سنوات عمره، وأن ذكريات تسلب منه بكاملها،
إنه أمر صعب للغاية، خاصة أنها تدرس الطب في كلية وايل كورنيل، وبعد مضي أسبوع واحد فقط منمضي الأزمة، تلقت والدتها مكالمات هاتفية من أشخاص يدعون أنهم من سفارة البحرين، طلبوا من العنود
وأخواتها العودة إلى البحرين، وإلا سيتم إلغاء جوازات سفرهم.
وكما هو معروف في الدول الخليجية، يكتسب الأولاد الجنسية من والدهم، وهذا يعني أن العنود وأخواتها قد
يواجهون مأزقا كبيرا، فإما ان تترك والدتهم المكان الذي ترعرت وتربت فيه، وإما ان تفقد جنسيتها.
وأشارت العنود، لقد امهلتنا سلطات البحرين نحو أسبوعين فقط للعودة، مشيرة إلى أنها تتذكر شعورها
بالرعب، وهي تقوم بعد أيام، وتفكر في الخيارات الموجودة أمامها، والعواقب التي ستترتب على القرار
الذي ستتخذه، وماذا سيكون مصير مسيرتها التعليمية، خاصة أن لهذا الأمر آثارا نفسية وخيمة على
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نفسياتها وأخواتها قبل أي شيء، وتابعت قائلة: بعد ذلك تلقينا مكالمة هاتفية أخرى، تكرر نفس الطلب رغم
الإخبار المغلوطة، التي نشروها أن من لديه عائلة في قطر، لن يجبر على الذهاب للبحرين، إنهم يتلاعبونبمشاعر الناس، ويعتقدون أنه يمكنهم التحكم بمشاعرنا، وإنهم سيحققون مآربهم بالضغط على الضعفاء،
أو لم يدركوا أن الناس لهم صوت سيرفعونه، وأن مواقع التوصل الاجتماعي جعلت من العالم بأسره قرية
صغيرة، هذا الأمر لم تدركه دول الحصار.
مشاكل جمة واجهت المعتمرين بالأراضي السعودية وقت الحصار
صاحب مكتب للحج والعمرة يغلقه نهائيا بعد تراكم الإيجارات
* معاملة لا إنسانية من ضباط الجوازات السعوديين مع المعتمرين القطريين
وعن منع القطريين والمقيمين من العمرة والحج، تحدث جابر علي العذبة صاحب مكتب للحج والعمرة،
قائلا: فيما سبق كانت خدمات المعتمرين والحجاج كانت سهلة من قبل الجانبين، سواء الجانب السعودي أو
القطري، إلا أن الأمر أختلف بعد قرار حرماننا من الحج والعمرة، حتى شركاؤنا في مكة والمدينة أصحاب
الفنادق والوكلاء، كانوا منزعجين جدا،ً ولم يكونوا يتوقعون هذا القرار، وفي نفس الوقت كان لدينا
معتمرون ما بين مكة والمدينة، عندما وصلوا هنا كانت المشكلة، الضباط في الجوازات هناك رفضوا دخول
الباصات إلي قطر وكذلك العكس، ولدينا باص جلس من الساعة السابعة صباحا إلى 2 ظهرا، فموظفالجوازات رفض ختم جوازات سفرهم، وأيضا المشكلة الأخرى، أن موظف الجوازات رفض أن يتم وصول
الباص إلى البوابة، فاضطر المعتمرون للمشي على الأقدام الساعة 2 ظهرا وهم صائمون ومعهم أطفال
ونساء وكبار السن، من البوابة إلى الجوازات مسافة حوالى 500 متر.
وأشار إلى اضطراره لإغلاق المكتب الخاص به، بعد تراكم الإيجارات ورواتب الموظفين، فقام بإرجاع
المكتب وتنزيل اللافتة، وإغلاق المكتب نهائيا، لافتا إلى أنه قد جاءته اتصالات واستفسارات، من الكثير من
الناس يطلبون العمرة في رمضان، سواء من قطريين أو مقيمين، ولم يكن لديه أي إجابة لهم، والبعض
قال إنه يمكن أداء العمرة عن طريق عمان أو الكويت، مؤكدا أنه قبل رمضان بأيام قليلة، كان متواجدا
بالكويت، ولا يوجد أي برنامج لهذا الموضوع في مكاتب السفر الكويتية، قائلا: إذا كانت مكة مفتوحة
للمعتمرين يوجد عندي قرابة 4000 معتمر أو أكثر، من يؤكد يتصل ويضمن ذلك.
تأثرت بسبب الحصار الظالم..
سيدة أعمال قطرية: تجارتي وأعمالي تقلصت وتضررت وحرمت من التواصل مع أهلي
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تعد لولوة العبيدلي، سيدة أعمال قطرية، صاحبة مطعم، أحد النماذج من الذين تأثرت أعمالهم وتجارتهم
جراء الحصار، إلا أنها استطاعت النهوض مرة اخرى، حيث إنها رفعت لوحة تميم المجد أمام المحل الخاص
بها ليراها جميع زبائن المطعم، وذلك تعبيرا عن فخرها واعتزازها، ولقد كان للحصار آثار سلبية كبيرة على
عملها التجاري، حيث كان لها 4 مطاعم مختلفة في الدوحة، والآن لديها واحد فقط، ورغم تقليص حجم
عملها إلا انها لا تزال تواجه صعوبة في توفير المواد ومكونات وجبة البطاطا المقلية.
حيث أكدت العبيدلي، ان للحصار أيضا آثارا سلبية على عائلتها، الأمر الذي كان له الأثر الأكبر على نفسها..
قالت: اخوانى من لحمي ودمي، لا تستطيعين التواصل معهم أمر مؤلم ومحزن، حيث يوجد لديها أيضا
أقارب في دول الحصار، منهم من صادفته مناسبات سعيدة وحزينة، ولم تستطع التواجد معهم.
وأشارت إلى انها كانت تقوم باستيراد البهارات الخاصة بخلطات المطعم من احدى دول الجوار، إلا نها
قامت بالاتفاق مع بعض التاجرات القطريات، لعمل الخلطات وبحيث يكون كل شيء مصنعا داخل قطر،
فالحصار جعلها تبحث عن موردين للمواد الخام اللازمة، لتشغيل مطاعم الوجبات السريعة التي تمتلكها،
خاصة وأن عملها يعتمد على تقديم خلطات سرية تقدمها تصل إلى 18 نكهة، تستخدمها في عملها الخاص
في عمل البهارات والنكهات للبطاطا الحلزونية، التي يقدمها مطعمها، لافتة إلى انه كان يوجد لديها مواد
مخزنة بسيطة تكفي لمدة 3 شهور وانتهت، ولابد من إيجاد طريقة لتعويض المشكلة، حيث تمكنت العبيدلي
بسهولة من تدبير المكونات الأساسية لطبق البطاطا من مصادر أخرى، واستطاعت التغلب على الآثارالسلبية للحصار، كما عانت في توفير باقي المكونات، إلا انها اضطرت للتركيز على السوق المحلى للبحث
عن موردين جدد لباقي المكونات الأساسية وتحديدا التوابل.
لم يعد يستطيع التواصل مع شركاء العمل التجاري..
يوسف النصير: محلي في الإمارات نهب والمحامون يرفضون الترافع عني
يوسف النصير مستثمر قطري، قام بفتح تجارة في الإمارات، وخاصة ان السوق كانت مفتوحة امام الجميع
في دول الجوار، إلا أن الحصار شكل صدمة وخسائر لتجارته، حيث تحدث قائلا: شركاء العمل التجارى
الذين بيني وبينهم تجارة في دولة الامارات، يقابلوني في محلى التجاري، وهم بجواري وجيراني، ولا
يتحدثون معى، انقطعت الاتصالات، وفيما يتعلق ببضاعتي التي كانت موجودة بشركتي هناك، أخبروني بأن
المحل الخاص بي، أصبح سبيلا تم نهبه والناس تقوم بأخذ البضائع منه.
وأشار إلى انه قد تواصل مع أكثر من محام في دولة الإمارات، وعندما يخبره بأنه مواطن قطري، يرفضون
الترافع عنه، منوها إلى انه قد اتصل على المحاميين الثاني والثالث، وجميعهم نفس الرد "قطري أنا
آسف".. وتابع قائلا: كان هناك شخص نقطة الوصل بينا وبين الامارات، فجأة توقف عن التواصل معنا، علمنا
ان الجهات المعنية هناك، استدعته وتم منعه من التواصل معي أو مع أى شخص من دولة قطر، فإذا أرباحنا
وأموالنا إلى الآن، لم نستطع الحصول عليها، فكيف ستأتينا الجرأة مستقبلا للاستثمار في هذه الدول.
خسائر كبيرة تكبدتها شركات الشحن بين دول مجلس التعاون الخليجي
900 شاحنة كانت تعبر منفذ أبو سمرة الحدودي يومياً
التأشيرات حجبت عن السائقين القادمين من قطر صباح يوم الحصار
أصبح الطريق خاليا بعد أن كان عامرا بالشاحنات القادمة من بلدان الإمارات والكويت والبحرين والسعودية
من وإلى قطر، إلا أنه الآن قد توقفت اعمال عدد كبير من الشركات مع إغلاق الحدود للطريق السريع
المؤدي للمنفذ الحدودي مع السعودية، وكان ممرا بريا تتدفق عليه الشاحنات، وقد تحول الى طريق خال
تماما بعد أن استهدفت قطر من جيرانها التاريخين، السعودية والإمارات والبحرين، كما اوقفوا جميع رحلات
السفر من وإلي قطر، وأغلقوا مجالاتهم الجوية امام الطيران القطري،وأغلقت السعودية ايضا المنفذ
البري الوحيد الذي يربطها بدولة قطر، في السابق كان نقطة نشطة، والآن بات مهجورا تماما، حيث كان
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التكامل الاقتصادي الذي كان يشكل جوهر دول مجلس التعاون الخليجي جعل قطر تعتمد بشكل كبير على
جيرانها من دول المجلس، مما تسبب في وقوع خسائر كبيرة وخاصة لشركات الشاحنات المسؤولة عن
النقل بين الدول.
وقد أكد محمد عويس شفيق الباكستاني الجنسية، وصاحب شركة النقل، أنه قد تكبد خسائر كبيرة بنحو 90
% من عملياتهم التي تعتمد على الشحن بين دول مجلس التعاون الخليجي، مشيرا إلى أن الحصار اجبرهم
على وقفها بالكامل، والامل الذي كان ينتظره الجميع في حل الازمة الخليجية، يختفي شيئا فشيئا مع مرور
الأشهر، دون اى انفراجة، وكغيرها من شركات الاعمال في قطر، كان على هذه الشركة التكيف مع الوضع
الجديد، حيث خضعت الشركة لإعادة هيكلة، وتركز الآن على النقل الداخلي عبر موانئ قطر البحرية.
وأوضح شفيق أن النقل من وإلى الميناء يتطلب استراتيجية مختلفة تماما عن النقل عبر الحدود، كما انه
يحتاج إلى شاحنات وقاطرات ذات مواصفات خاصة، لافتا إلى أنه اضطر إلى اجراء بعض تعديلات لنحو 95
% من شاحنات اسطول النقل لديه، بالإضافة إلى اعادة تدريب السائقين، متسائلا كيف يمكن لأى اقتصاد
أن يستمر في غياب عمليات النقل؟.. وتابع قائلا: فقد تبين لنا أن ما بين 800 إلى 900 شاحنة كانت تعبرمنفذ أبو سمرة الحدودي كل يوم، محملة بمختلف أنواع المواد فقط عبر من أبو سمرة الحدودي، ولا تزال
هذه المواد تصل إلى قطر، إما عبر الجو أو الموانئ البحرية، فتلك المواد يجب أن تصل للمستهلكين، وبهذا
ستتواصل الحاجة لوسائل النقل، وستستمر عملياتنا بشكل أو بآخر، ولكن هذه المرة نقل على الصعيد
الداخلى فقط، وبهذا تتفاوت حجم الأعمال كما تتباين العوائد المالية المحققة، ونتيجة لذلك فإننا لم نصل
بعد لاستغلال الطاقة القصوى لأسطول النقل الخاص بنا.
وقت إغلاق الحدود
من جانبه تحدث روشان باتراي سائق شاحنة، أنه قد قام بتحميل الشاحنة متوجها للسعودية، ولم يكن يعلم
أن الحدود أغلقت، وعندما وصل إلى النقطة الحدودية مع السعودية، قال له ضباط شرطة المنفذ
والجمارك السعودي هناك انه يتعين عليه الرجوع فلن يحصل على تأشيرة مرور، حيث إن الحدود قد
أغلقت... وتابع قائلا: اكسب قوت يومي من عملى كسائق شاحنة ينقل مواد بناء من وإلى دول مجلس
التعاون الخليجي، وكان العبور سهلا حتى أوائل شهر يونيو 2017 ، وكان هناك أكثر من 500 شاحنة
بسائقيها، معظم تلك الشاحنات كانت تحمل مواد من هنا من قطر، اضطرت جميعها إلى العودة، اتصلت بي
شركتى، وسألتني عما اذا كنا نحن الوحيدون الذين لم نحصل على تأشيرة، وأخبرتهم بأنه تم حجبالتأشيرة عن جميع الشاحنات والسائقين القادمين من قطر وطلبوا منا جميعا العودة من حيث أتينا.
وكان روشان قد جاء من النيبال للعمل في دولة قطر عام 2010 ، ومنذ ذلك الحين وهو يقود شاحنة لإحدىالشركات، ويعود الفضل في نجاح الشركة ونموها إلى نقل البضائع بين قطر وجيرانها على مدى 25 عاما،ً
حيث بدأت الشركة ب 5 شاحنات فقط واليوم تمتلك أكثر من 150 شاحنة.
6/6
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Annex 154
Xinhua Online Dictionary, Definitions of “原”, “属”, and
“国”, available at http://xh.5156edu.com
(with certified translation)

原
Pinyin: yuán , Stroke: 10
Radical: 厂 guang Wubi: drii
Chinese character evolution | Riddle of Yuan | English for Yuan | Kangxi Dictionary | origin of
Yuan Surname | Yuan name
Basic explanation:
原
yuán
Initial, beginning: the original. Plaintiff. Original document. Originality. Principle. Raw
material. Primary color. Original. Original work.
Originally: as is. Prototype. Original address. Original owner.
Understanding, tolerance: forgive. Forgive.
Wide and flat place: wilderness. Plain.
Same as "塬".
Principal.
Number of strokes: 10;
Radical: 厂 Guang;
Stroke Order Number: 1332511234
Detailed explanation:
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属 Radical：尸 Wubi: ntky Chinese character evolution | English for Yuan | Kangxi Dictionary | Shu name Basic explanation: 属（屬） shǔ The same family: Relatives. Family dependents. Family of martyrs. Category: Metal. My genus. Be subject to, classify: belong. Subordinate. Territorial. Attribution. Directly affiliated. Affiliated. Be subordinate to. In the biota [taxonomic rank] classification system, there are “genus” under “section”[family] and “species” under “genus”. Is, be: is true. Purely a rumor. Mark the birth year with the zodiac: animal zodiac 属【Verb】 [be under; be subordinate to; belong to] The girl learnt Pipa at the age of 13 years old and ranked first in the imperial music office. --- Song of Pipa (with preface) by Bai Juyi in Tang Dynasty The mount Xiaogu is located in Susong County of Shuzhou. --- Passing Mount Xiaogu and Mount Dagu by Lu You of Song Dynasty Also: dependent country; allegiance; accompanying vehicles; dependent county; concubine; subordinate officer (subordinate, troops under one's command) [be] The guns and gunpowder in the camp are all in the hands of Rong Lu, and the officers at the camp battalions are also mostly his old people. ----Biography of Tan Sitong by Liang Qichao in Qing Dynasty Another example: it has been found true. Annex 154
国
Pinyin： guó , Stroke： 8
Radical：囗 Wubi： lgyi
Evolution of Chinese character | related riddles | English | Kangxi Dictionary | Origin of
Surname Guo | Names with character Guo
Basic explanations:
国
（國）
g uó
A government with land, people and sovereignty (the area that a feudal prince is
enfeoffed with): state. State land. State system (a. nature of the state; b. national
prestige). State title. Nation (referring to country). National policy. National
condition. National law. National Power. National defense. National prestige. a.
National treasure (a. treasure of the state; b. people having made special
contributions to the state). National dignity. National spirit. National affairs (state
plans, such as "jointly discuss national affairs").
Referring particularly Chinese: made in China. Quintessence of Chinese culture.
Chinese music. Chinese medicine.
Surname.
Nation.
Strokes：8；
Radical：囗；
Stroke order number：25112141
Detailed explanations:
国
囯、國
g uó
【 NOUN】
(associative character. “囗” (wéi), meaning territory. 或 (namely “country”). “或” also
i ndicate the pronunciation of the character. Original meaning: state)
In Zhou dynasty, the emperor ruled the "world", roughly "state" we would now say
[state]
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汉字按部首检索按拼音检索相关成语甘心情原封官许原赌誓发原雕虎焦原厝火燎原巢焚原燎中原逐鹿逐鹿中原原形毕露原封不动星火燎原如火燎原情有可原平原督邮略迹原情燎原烈火九原可作返本还原令原之戚潦原浸天更多相关成语>>同音字yuán:鼋元円贠貟沅邧园杬蚖笎魭黿茒爰垣原拼音：yuán,笔划：10部首：厂五笔：drii汉字演变 |原的谜语 |原的英语 |康熙字典 |原姓起源 |原字姓名基本解释：原 yuán最初的，开始的：原本。原告。原稿。原籍。原理。原料。原色。原始。原著。本来：原样。原型。原址。原主。谅解，宽容：原宥。原谅。宽广平坦的地方：原野。平原。同“塬”。本笔画数：10；部首：厂；笔顺编号：1332511234 详细解释：原 yuán【名】 (会意。小篆字形。象泉水从山崖里涌出来。从厂(hǎn),象山崖石穴形。从泉。本义:水源,源泉) “源”的古字。水源,水流起头的地方〖fountainhead;sourceofariver〗原,水泉本也。——《说文》。俗字作“源”。原泉混混。——《孟子》原流、泉浡。——《淮南子·原道》 Page1of12原字的解释---在线新华字典4/3/2019http://xh.5156edu.com/html3/1901.html
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汉字按部首检索按拼音检索相关成语烟聚波属属人耳目属词比事神情不属龙兴云属龙举云属貂狗相属道殣相属波骇云属比物属事属毛离里属垣有耳属辞比事一家眷属纯属骗局波属云委同音字shǔ:鼠黍蜀署暏暑潻癙曙薥薯襡藷襩屬zhǔ:丶拄宔劯詝罜麈煑煮帾陼渚嘱瞩燝濐属拼音：zhǔ ,shǔ ,笔划：12部首：尸五笔：ntky汉字演变 |属的英语 |康熙字典 |属字姓名基本解释：属（屬） shǔ同一家族的：亲属。眷属。烈属。类别：金属。吾属。有管辖关系的，归类：属于。属下。属地。归属。直属。附属。隶属。生物群分类系统上，“科”下有“属”，“属”下有“种”。系，是：属实。纯属谣言。用十二生肖记生年：属相。属（屬） zhǔ连缀，接连：属文。属和（diào）。（意念）集中于一点：属仰（注视仰望）。属望。属意。古同“嘱”，嘱咐，托付。倾注，引申为劝酒：“举酒属客”。恰好遇到：属京师乱。笔画数：12；部首：尸；笔顺编号：513325125214 Page1of6属字的解释---在线新华字典4/3/2019http://xh.5156edu.com/html3/7437.html
Annex 154
详细解释：属屬 shǔ【名】 (形声。从尾,蜀声。“尾”与身体相连。①(zhǔ)本义:连接。②类,族) 种类。亦特指牲类〖category〗忠之属也,可以一战。——《左传·庄公十年》土地平旷,屋舍俨然,有良田美池桑竹之属。——晋·陶渊明《桃花源记》又如:金属;属禽(分别飞禽的种类) 亲属〖kinsfolk;dependent;familymembers〗是疾易传染,遘者虽戚属,不敢同卧起。——清·方苞《狱中杂记》又如:家属(户主外的家庭成员);军属;眷属;属从(指按亲属关系而从其丧服);属党(亲属);属姓(同宗);属疏(宗族关系疏远) 侪辈。指同一类人〖fellows;associates〗若属皆且为所虏。——《史记·项羽本纪》有宁越徐尚苏秦杜赫之属为之谋。——汉·贾谊《过秦论》官属;部属〖subordinate〗徒属皆曰:“敬受命”。——《史记·陈涉世家》六卿分职各率其属。——《书·周官》台谒当以属礼。——《明史·海瑞传》又如:下属(部下);属名(南北朝时,壮丁为了逃避繁苛的赋役,多投身于豪门势族为附隶,称为属名);属别(下属的类别);属官(属下的官吏);属佐(指下属佐助人员);属役(仆役,佣人);属部(部下,部属) 生物分类系统上所用的等级之一〖genus〗。动植物分类以种为单位,相近的种合为属,相近的属合为科特指在十二属相中的归属〖bebornintheyearof(oneofthetwelveanimals)〗。如:属相属屬 shǔ【动】归属;隶属〖beunder;besubordinateto;belongto〗十三学得琵琶成,名属教坊第一部。——唐·白居易《琵琶行(并序)》 Page2of6属字的解释---在线新华字典4/3/2019http://xh.5156edu.com/html3/7437.html
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小孤属舒州宿松县。——宋·陆游《过小孤山大孤山》又如:属邦(附属国);属心(诚心归附);属车(随从的车辆。也称副车);属城(隶属的县城);属妇(指妾);属僚(属下,部下) 系;是〖be〗今营中枪弹火药皆在荣贼之手,而营哨各官,亦多属旧人。——清·梁启超《谭嗣同传》又如:查明属实另见zhǚ 属地 shǔdì〖possession;dependency〗某些国家侵占的殖民地或所控制的附属国殖民地和属地属国 shǔguó〖dependency〗古时附属于宗主国的国家属吏 shǔlì〖staffmember〗下属的官吏属下 shǔxià〖subordinate〗∶部下;下属在下属面前,他总是神气十足〖subordinate〗∶统属下;管辖下他是经理属下的干将属相 shǔxiàng〖anyofthetwelveanimals,representingthetwelveEarthlyBranches,usedtosymbolizetheyearinwhichapersonisborn〗用十二地支与十二种动物(鼠、牛、虎、兔、龙、蛇、马、羊、猴、鸡、狗、猪)相配合来记人生出年份,如子年出生则属鼠,称“属相”。又称“生肖” 属性 shǔxìng〖attribute〗事物所具有的不可缺少的性质属于 shǔyú〖belongto〗归于某一方面;为某一方面所有 Page3of6属字的解释---在线新华字典4/3/2019http://xh.5156edu.com/html3/7437.html
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汉字按部首检索按拼音检索相关成语赤心报国病民蛊国闭关锁国保国安民安国宁家民安国泰捐躯报国精忠报国安邦治国安邦定国爱国如家经国之才尽忠报国祸国殃民国士无双国富民强富国强民独立王国病民害国邦国殄瘁更多相关成语>>同音字guó:囯囻囶圀帼掴國腘聝馘虢簂膕慖漍幗国拼音：guó,笔划：8部首：囗五笔：lgyi汉字演变 |国的谜语 |国的英语 |康熙字典 |国姓起源 |国字姓名基本解释：国（國） guó有土地、人民、主权的政体（古代指诸侯所受封的地域）：国家。国土。国体（ａ．国家的性质；ｂ．国家的体面）。国号。国度（指国家）。国策。国情。国法。国力。国防。国威。国宝（ａ．国家的宝物；ｂ．喻对国家有特殊贡献的人）。国格。国魂。国是（国家大计，如“共商国国”）。特指中国的：国产。国货。国粹。国乐（yuè）。国药。姓。邦笔画数：8；部首：囗；笔顺编号：25112141 详细解释：国囯、國 guó【名】 (会意。从“囗”(wéi),表示疆域。从或(即“国”)。“或”亦兼表字音。本义:邦国) 周代,天子统治的是“天下”,略等于现在说的“全国”〖state〗 Page1of14国字的解释---在线新华字典4/3/2019http://xh.5156edu.com/html3/9910.html
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Annex 154

Annex 155
Ozhegov Dictionary, Definitions of “Национальный” and “Нация”, available at http://www.ozhegov.com;
Ushakov’s Dictionary, Definition of “Происхождение”, available at https://slovar.cc/rus/ushakov
(with certified translation)

NATIONAL–three ways to find NATIONAL – for the sensible and not... Page 1 of1 Ozhegov’s DictionaryExplanatory Dictionary of the Russian Language Main | Advanced Word Search | Contact NATIONALNATIONAL 1. see nation. 2. Characteristic of a particular nation, peculiar to it only. National culture. National language. National theater. National dress. 3. full form. Same as state (1st definition). National flag. National income. || n. nationality, f (2nd definition). Start Download (Free) OPEN Download PDF Pro 100 Free! Next in the dictionary: In other dictionaries and references: Alphabetic search: • Letter А • Letter Б • Letter В • Letter Г • Letter Д • Letter Е • Letter Ё • Letter Ж • Letter З • Letter И • Letter Й • Letter К • Letter Л • Letter М • Letter Н • Letter О • Letter П • Letter Р • Letter С • Letter Т • Letter У • Letter Ф • Letter Х • Letter Ц • Letter Ч • Letter Ш • Letter Щ • Letter Э • Letter Ю • Letter Я Analytics and AdsAll text and images on this site are Copyright (©) 2007-2014 www.ozhegov.com http://www.ozhegov.com/words/17954.shtml 4/3/2019
Annex 155
NATION–three ways to find NATION–for the sensible and not. Page 1 of1 Ozhegov’s DictionaryExplanatory Dictionary of the Russian Language Main | Advanced Word Search | Contact NATIONNATION, f. 1. A historically formed and settled community of people established in the process of formation of their territory, economical links, literature, cultural characteristics, and spiritual identity. 2. Sometimes used as country or state. The United Nations. || adj. national. National interests. National equality. Alphabetic search: • Letter А • Letter Б • Letter В • Letter Г • Letter Д • Letter Е • Letter Ё • Letter Ж • Letter З • Letter И • Letter Й • Letter К Next in the dictionary: Start Download(Free) Download PDF Pro 100Free! OPEN • Letter Л • Letter М • Letter Н • Letter О • Letter П • Letter Р • Letter С • Letter Т • Letter У • Letter Ф In other dictionaries and references: • Letter Х • Letter Ц • Letter Ч • Letter Ш • Letter Щ • Letter Э • Letter Ю • Letter Я Analytics and AdsAll text and images on this site are Copyright (©) 2007-2014 www.ozhegov.com http://www.ozhegov.com/words/17956.shtml 4/3/2019
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ORIGIN –Ushakov’s Explanatory Dictionary of the Russian Language - Russian - ... Search Yandex Search Definition of ORIGIN in Ushakov’s Explanatory Dictionary of the Russian Language Start Download (Free)-Convert From Doc to PDF OPEN Download PDF Pro 100 Free! pdfpro100.com ORIGIN origin, no plural, n. 1. Denoting a belonging to a certain nation or class by birth. Proletarian origin. Of Russian origin. 2. Coming into being. Origin of language. Origin of species (biol.). Ushakov. Ushakov’s Explanatory Dictionary of the Russian Language. Start Download (Free) OPEN Download PDF Pro 100 Free! Yandex.DirectYoga Retreat in Bali, “P Private villa+Mediation+Yoga+12 places of strength Learn more bali.anandalife.ruHas contraindications. Consult your doctor.Dictionaries→Russian→Ushakov’s Explanatory Dictionary of the Russian Language https://slovar.cc/rus/ushakov/441752.html 4/3/2019 Text to search in dictionaries, encyclopedias, references
Annex 155
Словарь Ожеговатолковый словарь русского языкаГлавная страница|Расширенный поиск слов|КонтактыНАЦИОНАЛЬНЫЙНАЦИОНАЛЬНЫЙ, -ая, -ое; -лен, -льна. 1. см. нация. 2. Характерный для данной нации, свойственный именно ей. Национальная культура. Н. язык. Н. театр. Н. костюм. 3. полн. ф. То же, что государственный (в 1 знач.). Н. флаг. Н. доход. || сущ национальность, -и, ж. (ко 2 знач.). Далее в словаре: В других словарях и справочниках: Поиск по алфавиту:•Буква А•Буква Б•Буква В•Буква Г•Буква Д•Буква Е•Буква Ё•Буква Ж•Буква З•Буква И•Буква Й•Буква К•Буква Л•Буква М•Буква Н•Буква О•Буква П•Буква Р•Буква С•Буква Т•Буква У•Буква Ф•Буква Х•Буква Ц•Буква Ч•Буква Ш•Буква Щ•Буква Э•Буква Ю•Буква ЯСтатистика и рекламаAlltextandimagesonthissiteareCopyright(©)2007-2014www.ozhegov.comStartDownload(Free)DownloadPDFPro100Free!OPENPage1of1НАЦ… -три способа найти НАЦИОНАЛЬНЫЙ -для толковых и бест...4/3/2019http://www.ozhegov.com/words/17954.shtml
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Словарь Ожеговатолковый словарь русского языкаГлавная страница|Расширенный поиск слов|КонтактыНАЦИЯНАЦИЯ, -и, ж. 1. Исторически сложившаяся устойчивая общность людей, образующаяся в процессе формирования общности их территории, экономических связей, литературного языка, особенностей культуры и духовного облика. 2. В нек-рых сочетаниях: страна, государство. Организация Объединенных Наций. || прил. национальный, -ая, -ое. Национальные интересы. Национальное равноправие. Далее в словаре: В других словарях и справочниках: Поиск по алфавиту:•Буква А•Буква Б•Буква В•Буква Г•Буква Д•Буква Е•Буква Ё•Буква Ж•Буква З•Буква И•Буква Й•Буква К•Буква Л•Буква М•Буква Н•Буква О•Буква П•Буква Р•Буква С•Буква Т•Буква У•Буква Ф•Буква Х•Буква Ц•Буква Ч•Буква Ш•Буква Щ•Буква Э•Буква Ю•Буква ЯСтатистика и рекламаAlltextandimagesonthissiteareCopyright(©)2007-2014www.ozhegov.comStartDownload(Free)DownloadPDFPro100Free!OPENPage1of1НАЦ… -три способа найти НАЦИЯ -для толковых и бестолковых.4/3/2019http://www.ozhegov.com/words/17956.shtml
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ПРОИСХОЖДЕНИЕпроисхождения, мн. нет, ср.1. Принадлежность по рождению к какому-н. сословию, нации или классу. Пролетарское происхождение. Русский по происхождению.2. Возникновение. Происхождение языка. Происхождение видов (биол.).Ушаков. Толковый словарь русского языка Ушакова. 2012 НайтиЯндекс поискЗначение слова ПРОИСХОЖДЕНИЕ в Толковом словаре русского языка УшаковаСловари → Русский язык → Толковый словарь русского языка Ушакова StartDownload(Free)-ConvertFromDoctoPDFDownloadPDFPro100Free!pdfpro100.comOPENStartDownload(Free)DownloadPDFPro100Free!OPENЙога-ретрит на Бали – «Путь к себеПриватная Вилла+ Медитации+ Йога + 12 мест силы о.Бали+ SPA – Все включено!Узнать большеbali.anandalife.ruЕсть противопоказания. Посоветуйтесь с врачом.Яндекс.ДиректПРОИСХОЖДЕНИЕ -Толковый словарь русского языка Ушакова -Русский язык -...4/3/2019https://slovar.cc/rus/ushakov/441752.html
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Annex 156
Real Academia Española, Diccionario de la lengua española, Definitions of “Nacion”, “Nacional”,
and “Origen”, available at https://dle.rae.es
(with certified translation)

4/3/2019 national | definition of national | Dictionary of the Spanish Language | Three-hundredth anniversary edition [cut-off] advertising national [nacional] 1. adj. Belonging or relative to a nation. 2. adj. Native of a nation, as opposed to a foreigner. Also used as a noun. 3. masculine noun. Member of the national militia. National Court national property national capital national colors national council national accounting national identity card national holiday national lottery national militia national monument national tourism parador hotel https://dle.rae.es/?id=QBmYj6h Search by word Consult Royal Spanish Academy “La Caixa” Charitable Project ASSOCIATION OF SPANISH LANGUAGE ACADEMIES
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national park https://dle.rae.es/?id=QBmYj6h
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4/3/2019 national | definition of national | Dictionary of the Spanish Language | Three-hundredth anniversary edition national heritage majority party [in Congress of El Salvador; plancha nacional] gross national product net national product national income national territory Royal Spanish Academy © All rights reserved [advertisements] https://dle.rae.es/?id=QBmYj6h Annex 156
4/3/2019 nation | definition of nation | Dictionary of the Spanish Language | Three-hundredth anniversary edition [cut-off] nation [nación] From Latin natio, -ōnis 'place of birth', 'people, tribe'. 1. feminine noun. Inhabitants of a country governed by the same Government. 2. feminine noun. Territory of a nation. 3. feminine noun. Group of persons of a same origin who generally speak the same language and have a common tradition. 4. feminine noun. colloquial (uncommon) birth (‖ act of being born). Blind since birth [Ciego de nación]. of — nationality 1. loc. adj. Used to imply someone’s place of origin or the place of which he is a native. most favored nation treatment Royal Spanish Academy © All rights reserved https://dle.rae.es/?id=QBmDD68 Search by word Consult Royal Spanish Academy “La Caixa” Charitable Project ASSOCIATION OF SPANISH LANGUAGE ACADEMIES advertising
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4/3/2019 origin | definition of origin | Dictionary of the Spanish Language | Three-hundredth anniversary edition [cut-off] origin [origen] From Latin orīgo, -ĭnis. 1. masculine noun. Beginning, birth, source, root and cause of something. 2. masculine noun. Homeland, country where a person was born or his/her family is originally from, or from where something comes. 3. masculine noun. ancestry (‖ series of ancestors). 4. masculine noun. Beginning, moral grounds or cause of something. origin of coordinates 1. masculine noun. Geom. Point of intersection of coordinate axes. designation of origin priority of origin Royal Spanish Academy © All rights reserved https://dle.rae.es/?id=RD4RJlJ Search by word Consult Royal Spanish Academy “La Caixa” Charitable Project ASSOCIATION OF SPANISH LANGUAGE ACADEMIES advertising
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4/3/2019 nacional | Definición de nacional - Diccionario de la lengua española - Edición del Tricentenario https://dle.rae.es/?id=QBmYj6h ALL-NEWLEGENDScompromiso con la cultura PUBLICIDAD nacional 1. adj. Perteneciente o relativo a una nación. 2. adj. Natural de una nación, en contraposición a extranjero. U. t. c. s. 3. m. Individuo de la milicia nacional. PUBLICIDAD bienes nacionales capital nacional colores nacionales concilio nacional contabilidad nacional documento nacional de identidad fiesta nacional lotería nacional milicia nacional monumento nacional parador nacional de turismo 􀀀 Audiencia Nacional Consulta posible gracias al | D i c c i o n a r i o d e l a l e n g u a e s p a ñ o l a E d i c i ó n d de leTlar i c e n t e n a r i o | A c t u a l i z a c i ó n 2 0 1 8 􀀀 􀀵 A E . e s por 􀀀 􀀀 Consultar Annex 156
4/3/2019 nacional | Definición de nacional - Diccionario de la lengua española - Edición del Tricentenario https://dle.rae.es/?id=QBmYj6h parque nacional Annex 156
4/3/2019 nacional | Definición de nacional - Diccionario de la lengua española - Edición del Tricentenario https://dle.rae.es/?id=QBmYj6h patrimonio nacional plancha nacional producto nacional bruto producto nacional neto renta nacional territorio nacional Real Academia Española © Todos los derechos reservados DLE descargable Edición del Tricentenario Guía de consulta UNIDRAE Consultas lingüísticas Palabra del día marcapasos Miércoles, 3 de abril de 2019 Plataforma de servicios lingüísticos Recursos RAE 􀀀 Fundación pro Real Academia Española 􀀀 Diccionario del estudiante 􀀀 Diccionario del español jurídico 􀀀 Biblioteca Clásica 􀀀 Obras académicas PUBLICIDAD 􀀀 Annex 156
compromiso con la cultura nación. de 4/3/2019 nación | Definición de nación - Diccionario de la lengua española - Edición del Tricentenario PUBLICIDAD nación Del lat. natio, -ōnis 'lugar de nacimiento', 'pueblo, tribu'. 1. f. Conjunto de los habitantes de un país regido por el mismo Gobierno. 2. f. Territorio de una nación. 3. f. Conjunto de personas de un mismo origen y que generalmente hablan un mismo idioma y tienen una tradición común. 4. f. coloq. p. us. nacimiento (‖ acto de nacer). Ciego de PUBLICIDAD de n ación 1. loc. adj. U. para dar a entender el origen alguien, o de dónde es natural. trato de nación más favorecida Real Academia Española © Todos los derechos reservados https://dle.rae.es/?id=QBmDD68 Consulta posible gracias al | D i c c i o n a r i o d e l a l e n g u a e s p a ñ o l a E d i c i ó n d de leTlar i c e n t e n a r i o | A c t u a l i z a c i ó n 2 0 1 8 􀀀 R A E . e s por 􀀀 􀀀 Consultar Annex 156
compromiso con la cultura causa 4/3/2019 origen | Definición de origen - Diccionario de la lengua española - Edición del Tricentenario PUBLICIDAD origen Del lat. orīgo, -ĭnis. 1. m. Principio, nacimiento, manantial, raíz y de algo. 2. m. Patria, país donde alguien ha nacido o donde tuvo principio su familia, o de donde algo proviene. 3. m. ascendencia (‖ serie de ascendientes). PUBLICIDAD 4. m. Principio, algo. o causa moral de origen de coordenadas 1. m. Geom. Punto de intersección de ejes denominación de origen prioridad de origen Real Academia Española © Todos los derechos reservados https://dle.rae.es/?id=RD4RJlJ Consulta posible gracias al | D i c c i o n a r i o d e l a l e n g u a e s p a ñ o l a E d i c i ó n d de leTlar i c e n t e n a r i o | A c t u a l i z a c i ó n 2 0 1 8 􀀀 R A E . e s por 􀀀 􀀀 Consultar de motiv
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Emirates Airline, Help Centre: Travel updates, available at https://www.emirates.com/ae/english/help/travel-updates.aspx#/#4258319

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United States Department of Justice, FARA Registration Unit, Exhibit A to SCL Social Limited Registration Statement Pursuant to the Foreign Agents Registration Act (6 October 2017), available at https://efile.fara.gov/docs/6473-Exhibit-AB-20171006-1.pdf

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Government Communications Office for State of Qatar v.
John Does 1-10 (Supreme Court of the State of New York, County of Kings): Documents obtained in U.S. proceedings

User InfoUsernameUser IDAccount LockedFirst NameLast NameEmailSupport PinPin ExpirySignup DateSignup IPAccount BalanceAvailable BalanceEarned AmountOrganizationStreet AddressCity, StatePhoneFaxCountry, ZipLatest TransactionLatest LoginLogin [email protected](8/22/2018 11:11:10AM)8/22/2016 10:41:35 AM96.91.230.2300.00000.00000.0000Definers Corperation1555 Wilson BlvdArlington, VA+1.7034472123NAUS, 22209NA8/20/2018 9:13:16 AM96.91.230.228Exported on Oct/10/2018
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Whois details for qatarcrisisnews.comRegistrant ContactFirst Name:MarcLast Name:HessOrganization:Definers CorperationStreet Address:1555 Wilson BlvdAddress 2:Job Title:DeveloperCity:ArlingtonState/Province, Zip/Postal Code:VA, 22209Country:United StatesEmail Address:[email protected] Number:+1 5712905463Fax Number:Administrative ContactFirst Name:MarcLast Name:HessOrganization:Definers CorperationStreet Address:1555 Wilson BlvdAddress 2:Job Title:DeveloperCity:ArlingtonState/Province, Zip/Postal Code:VA, 22209Country:United StatesEmail Address:[email protected] Number:+1 5712905463Fax Number:Technical ContactFirst Name:MarcLast Name:HessOrganization:Definers CorperationStreet Address:1555 Wilson BlvdAddress 2:Job Title:DeveloperCity:ArlingtonState/Province, Zip/Postal Code:VA, 22209Country:United StatesEmail Address:[email protected] Number:+1 5712905463Fax Number:Billing ContactFirst Name:MarcLast Name:HessOrganization:Definers CorperationStreet Address:1555 Wilson BlvdAddress 2:Job Title:DeveloperCity:ArlingtonState/Province, Zip/Postal Code:VA, 22209Country:United StatesEmail Address:[email protected] Number:+1 5712905463Fax Number:Exported on Oct/10/2018
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Domain ListDomainIDUserIDExpirationCreationRegistrationCC Order IDCC Transaction IDLockedExpiredAuto-RenewWhoisGuardMarketplaceAbuseReportedDNSRestrictionWhoisGuardAuto-Renewukrisingconsole.com22734897definersdevelopment30225702/17/2022 3:50:15 PM2/17/2017 10:50:19 AM2/17/2017 3:50:15 PM3223371337740898✓✓✓texascorenews.org20669039definersdevelopment30225708/22/2019 2:58:03 PM8/22/2016 10:58:06 AM8/22/2016 2:58:00 PM3672173242647402✓✓✓risingconsole.com22735441definersdevelopment30225702/17/2019 4:37:22 PM2/17/2017 11:37:26 AM2/17/2017 4:37:22 PM3224434637752481✓✓✓qatarcrisisnews.com24593379definersdevelopment30225707/6/2019 2:41:47 PM7/6/2017 10:41:50 AM7/6/2017 2:41:47 PM3557876541389776✓✓✓mbsconsole.com30391602definersdevelopment30225706/22/2021 5:21:43 PM6/22/2018 1:21:47 PM6/22/2018 5:21:43 PMch_1Cfsx7I2aKwfvOvnLI800OECch_1Cfsx7I2aKwfvOvnLI800OEC✓✓✓litl.ink29605769definersdevelopment30225705/10/2021 11:59:59 PM5/10/2018 12:44:32 PM5/10/2018 11:59:59 PMch_1CQHsJI2aKwfvOvnuk76RPRgch_1CQHsJI2aKwfvOvnuk76RPRg✓✓✓laborwire.org21177474definersdevelopment302257010/12/2019 6:58:31 PM10/12/2016 2:58:35 PM10/12/2016 6:58:00 PM3800130144061996✓✓✓definersconsole.com22734037definersdevelopment30225702/17/2022 2:43:43 PM2/17/2017 9:43:50 AM2/17/2017 2:43:43 PM3223371337740898✓✓✓d4stats.com25719167definersdevelopment30225709/19/2019 8:50:51 PM9/19/2017 4:50:53 PM9/19/2017 8:50:51 PM3740845243402283✓✓✓corenewstx.org20669486definersdevelopment30225708/22/2019 3:35:36 PM8/22/2016 11:35:39 AM8/22/2016 3:35:00 PM3672173242647402✓✓✓ardashtest.com22703175definersdevelopment30225702/15/2019 6:58:01 PM2/15/2017 1:58:04 PM2/15/2017 6:58:01 PM3219374737697616✓✓✓arcorpconsole.com22734036definersdevelopment30225702/17/2022 2:43:41 PM2/17/2017 9:43:45 AM2/17/2017 2:43:41 PM3223371337740898✓✓✓americarisingconsole.com23358044definersdevelopment30225704/4/2019 2:50:54 PM4/4/2017 10:51:14 AM4/4/2017 2:50:54 PM3330902838909239✓✓✓affordablehawaii.org31484439definersdevelopment30225706/18/2020 6:54:52 PM8/19/2018 11:10:12 PM6/18/2005 6:54:52 PMch_1Cz2qeI2aKwfvOvnaRuxtRjqTransferred In✓✓✓Exported on Oct/22/2018
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Order ListOrder IDUserDateCC Order IDTransaction IDAmountTypePromotion CodeItems38001301definersdevelopment9/12/2018 2:19:12 AMch_1D9RgwI2aKwfvOvnrtjUevHNch_1D9RgwI2aKwfvOvnrtjUevHN$15.16/ $15.16CREDIT CARDType: RENEWRENEW laborwire.orgYears : 1Qty: 1Price: 14.98Successful: YESCommand completed successfullyType: RENEWRENEW whoisguard-protect-one for laborwire.orgYears : 1Qty: 1Price: 0Successful: YES37408452definersdevelopment8/20/2018 2:06:41 AMch_1D16XEI2aKwfvOvnvbgy9NQ3ch_1D16XEI2aKwfvOvnvbgy9NQ3$13.16/ $13.16CREDIT CARDType: RENEWRENEW d4stats.comYears : 1Qty: 1Price: 12.98Successful: YESCommand completed successfullyType: RENEWRENEW whoisguard-protect-one for d4stats.comYears : 1Qty: 1Price: 0Successful: YES37275650definersdevelopment8/14/2018 9:46:27 AMch_1Cz2qeI2aKwfvOvnaRuxtRjqch_1Cz2qeI2aKwfvOvnaRuxtRjq$11.66/ $11.66CREDIT CARDN/AType: transferDomain Transfer affordablehawaii.orgYears : 1Qty: 1Price: 11.48Successful: YESTransfer confirmation e-mail will be sent soon.Type: purchaseFree WhoisGuardYears : 1Qty: 1Price: 0Successful: YESCommand completed successfully36721732definersdevelopment7/23/2018 2:02:35 AMch_1Cqx7tI2aKwfvOvn8CUzwAgIch_1Cqx7tI2aKwfvOvn8CUzwAgI$30.32/ $30.32CREDIT CARDType: RENEWRENEW corenewstx.orgYears : 1Qty: 1Price: 14.98Successful: YESCommand completed successfullyType: RENEWRENEW whoisguard-protect-one for corenewstx.orgYears : 1Qty: 1Price: 0Successful: YESType: RENEWRENEW texascorenews.orgYears : 1Qty: 1Price: 14.98Successful: YESCommand completed successfullyType: RENEWRENEW whoisguard-protect-one fortexascorenews.orgYears : 1Qty: 1Price: 0Successful: YES36010854definersdevelopment6/22/2018 1:21:43 PMch_1Cfsx7I2aKwfvOvnLI800OECch_1Cfsx7I2aKwfvOvnLI800OEC$32.88/ $32.88CREDIT CARDN/AType: registerDomain Registration mbsconsole.comYears : 3Qty: 1Price: 10.78Successful: YES200:Command completed successfullyType: purchaseFree WhoisGuardYears : 1Qty: 1Price: 0Successful: YESCommand completed successfully35578765definersdevelopment6/6/2018 2:08:23 AMch_1CZuoiI2aKwfvOvn3BoKKPZjch_1CZuoiI2aKwfvOvn3BoKKPZj$13.16/ $13.16CREDIT CARDType: RENEWRENEW qatarcrisisnews.comYears : 1Qty: 1Price: 12.98Successful: YESCommand completed successfullyType: RENEWRENEW whoisguard-protect-one forqatarcrisisnews.comYears : 1Qty: 1Price: 0Successful: YES34927955definersdevelopment5/10/2018 12:44:17 PMch_1CQHsJI2aKwfvOvnuk76RPRgch_1CQHsJI2aKwfvOvnuk76RPRg$75.18/ $75.18CREDIT CARDN/AType: registerDomain Registration litl.inkYears : 3Qty: 1Price: 24.88Successful: YES200:Command completed successfullyType: purchaseFree WhoisGuardYears : 1Qty: 1Price: 0Successful: YESCommand completed successfully33309028definersdevelopment3/5/2018 1:09:25 AMch_1C2CVjI2aKwfvOvnjEfwEoXFch_1C2CVjI2aKwfvOvnjEfwEoXF$14.04/ $14.04CREDIT CARDType: RENEWRENEW americarisingconsole.comYears : 1Qty: 1Price: 10.98Successful: YESCommand completed successfullyType: RENEWRENEW whoisguard-protect-one foramericarisingconsole.comYears : 1Qty: 1Price: 2.88Successful: YES32244346definersdevelopment1/18/2018 10:21:44 PMch_1BlqRmI2aKwfvOvnKESJ7zuych_1BlqRmI2aKwfvOvnKESJ7zuy$10.87/ $10.87CREDIT CARDType: RENEWRENEW risingconsole.comYears : 1Qty: 1Price: 10.69Successful: YESCommand completed successfully32233713definersdevelopment1/18/2018 11:31:10 AMch_1BlgICI2aKwfvOvnAxNm9APNch_1BlgICI2aKwfvOvnAxNm9APN$172.92/ $172.92CREDIT CARDN/AType: renewDomain Renewal ukrisingconsole.comYears : 4Qty: 1Price: 10.39Successful: YESCommand completed successfully; 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Order IDUserDateCC Order IDTransaction IDAmountTypePromotion CodeItems29280820definersdevelopment9/12/2017 10:57:40 PMch_1B1R4II2aKwfvOvnUDOQLq7fch_1B1R4II2aKwfvOvnUDOQLq7f$15.36/ $15.36CREDIT CARDType: RENEWRENEW laborwire.orgYears : 1Qty: 1Price: 12.48Successful: YESCommand completed successfullyType: RENEWRENEW whoisguard-protect-one for laborwire.orgYears : 1Qty: 1Price: 2.88Successful: YES28205769definersdevelopment7/23/2017 11:04:00 PMch_1AiwrSI2aKwfvOvn8U2Rubg2ch_1AiwrSI2aKwfvOvn8U2Rubg2$30.72/ $30.72CREDIT CARDType: RENEWRENEW corenewstx.orgYears : 1Qty: 1Price: 12.48Successful: YESCommand completed successfullyType: RENEWRENEW whoisguard-protect-one for corenewstx.orgYears : 1Qty: 1Price: 2.88Successful: YESType: RENEWRENEW texascorenews.orgYears : 1Qty: 1Price: 12.48Successful: YESCommand completed successfullyType: RENEWRENEW whoisguard-protect-one fortexascorenews.orgYears : 1Qty: 1Price: 2.88Successful: YES27851321definersdevelopment7/6/2017 10:41:45 AMch_1AcbAqI2aKwfvOvnACNfXdoych_1AcbAqI2aKwfvOvnACNfXdoy$10.87/ $10.87CREDIT CARDN/AType: registerDomain Registration qatarcrisisnews.comYears : 1Qty: 1Price: 10.69Successful: YES200:Command completed successfullyType: purchaseFree WhoisGuardYears : 1Qty: 1Price: 0Successful: YESCommand completed successfully26046704definersdevelopment4/4/2017 10:50:27 AMch_1A4szGI2aKwfvOvndBAFdmjIch_1A4szGI2aKwfvOvndBAFdmjI$10.87/ $10.87CREDIT CARDN/AType: registerDomain Registration americarisingconsole.comYears : 1Qty: 1Price: 10.69Successful: YES200:Command completed successfullyType: purchaseFree WhoisGuardYears : 1Qty: 1Price: 0Successful: YESCommand completed successfully25167856definersdevelopment2/17/2017 11:37:20 AMch_19oEjTI2aKwfvOvngLGMPD7Och_19oEjTI2aKwfvOvngLGMPD7O$10.87/ $10.87CREDIT CARDN/AType: registerDomain Registration risingconsole.comYears : 1Qty: 1Price: 10.69Successful: YES200:Command completed successfullyType: purchaseFree WhoisGuardYears : 1Qty: 1Price: 0Successful: YESCommand completed successfully25167151definersdevelopment2/17/2017 10:50:16 AMch_19oDzuI2aKwfvOvnLGXgbtlWch_19oDzuI2aKwfvOvnLGXgbtlW$10.87/ $0CREDIT CARDN/AType: registerDomain Registration ukrisingconsole.comYears : 1Qty: 1Price: 10.69Successful: NODomain name not availableType: purchaseFree WhoisGuardYears : 1Qty: 1Price: 0Successful: NORelated item failed.25167150definersdevelopment2/17/2017 10:50:14 AMch_19oDzsI2aKwfvOvnIH1t06gmch_19oDzsI2aKwfvOvnIH1t06gm$10.87/ $10.87CREDIT CARDN/AType: registerDomain Registration ukrisingconsole.comYears : 1Qty: 1Price: 10.69Successful: YES:Type: purchaseFree WhoisGuardYears : 1Qty: 1Price: 0Successful: YESCommand completed successfully25166121definersdevelopment2/17/2017 9:43:40 AMch_19oCxSI2aKwfvOvn3P5P6C3Dch_19oCxSI2aKwfvOvn3P5P6C3D$21.74/ $21.74CREDIT CARDN/AType: registerDomain Registration arcorpconsole.comYears : 1Qty: 1Price: 10.69Successful: YES200:Command completed successfullyType: purchaseFree WhoisGuardYears : 1Qty: 1Price: 0Successful: YESCommand completed successfullyType: registerDomain Registration definersconsole.comYears : 1Qty: 1Price: 10.69Successful: YES200:Command completed successfullyType: purchaseFree WhoisGuardYears : 1Qty: 1Price: 0Successful: YESCommand completed successfully25133418definersdevelopment2/15/2017 1:58:00 PMch_19nXyII2aKwfvOvnSKWkiI6Lch_19nXyII2aKwfvOvnSKWkiI6L$10.87/ $10.87CREDIT CARDN/AType: registerDomain Registration ardashtest.comYears : 1Qty: 1Price: 10.69Successful: YES200:Command completed successfullyType: purchaseFree WhoisGuardYears : 1Qty: 1Price: 0Successful: YESCommand completed successfully23038797definersdevelopment10/12/2016 2:58:30 PMch_193rvsI2aKwfvOvnGtKVicU9ch_193rvsI2aKwfvOvnGtKVicU9$12.48/ $12.48CREDIT CARDN/AType: registerDomain Registration laborwire.orgYears : 1Qty: 1Price: 12.48Successful: YES200:Command completed successfully - 265893427Type: purchaseFree WhoisGuardYears : 1Qty: 1Price: 0Successful: YESCommand completed successfully22263626definersdevelopment8/22/2016 11:35:35 AMch_18lKSXI2aKwfvOvnN6aa4GF7ch_18lKSXI2aKwfvOvnN6aa4GF7$12.48/ $12.48CREDIT CARDN/AType: registerDomain Registration corenewstx.orgYears : 1Qty: 1Price: 12.48Successful: YES200:Command completed successfully - 264430522Type: purchaseFree WhoisGuardYears : 1Qty: 1Price: 0Successful: YESCommand completed successfully22263064definersdevelopment8/22/2016 10:58:02 AMch_18lJruI2aKwfvOvnqwKgvz6kch_18lJruI2aKwfvOvnqwKgvz6k$12.48/ $12.48CREDIT CARDN/AType: registerDomain Registration texascorenews.orgYears : 1Qty: 1Price: 12.48Successful: YES200:Command completed successfully - 264429548Type: purchaseFree WhoisGuardYears : 1Qty: 1Price: 0Successful: YESCommand completed successfullyExported on Oct/22/2018
Annex 159
Transaction ReviewIDUsernameIP (Country)CC Order IDCC Transaction IDTransaction TypePayment SourceAmountStatusScoreCC-L4(exp)Country IP / BillDate (PST)Order IDName on CardEmailBalance BeforeBalance After44061996definersdevelopment127.0.0.1 (US)ch_1D9RgwI2aKwfvOvnrtjUevHNch_1D9RgwI2aKwfvOvnrtjUevHNPURCHASECREDITCARD$15.16APPROVED0.1 / 0...4348(04/2020)US / US9/12/2018 2:19:11AM38001301Brian RogersN/A$0.00$0.0043402283definersdevelopment127.0.0.1 (US)ch_1D16XEI2aKwfvOvnvbgy9NQ3ch_1D16XEI2aKwfvOvnvbgy9NQ3PURCHASECREDITCARD$13.16APPROVED0.18 / 0...4348(04/2020)US / US8/20/2018 2:06:41AM37408452Brian RogersN/A$0.00$0.0043257856definersdevelopment96.91.230.228 (US)ch_1Cz2qeI2aKwfvOvnaRuxtRjqch_1Cz2qeI2aKwfvOvnaRuxtRjqPURCHASECREDITCARD$11.66APPROVED0.11 / 0...2004(05/2023)US / US8/14/2018 9:46:26AM37275650JoesephPounderN/A$0.00$0.0042647402definersdevelopment127.0.0.1 (US)ch_1Cqx7tI2aKwfvOvn8CUzwAgIch_1Cqx7tI2aKwfvOvn8CUzwAgIPURCHASECREDITCARD$30.32APPROVED15.5 / 1.5...4348(04/2020)US / US7/23/2018 2:02:35AM36721732Brian RogersN/A$0.00$0.0041864361definersdevelopment96.91.230.228 (US)ch_1Cfsx7I2aKwfvOvnLI800OECch_1Cfsx7I2aKwfvOvnLI800OECPURCHASECREDITCARD$32.88APPROVED0.11 / 0...1003(03/2018)US / US6/22/2018 1:21:42PM36010854Joseph PounderN/A$0.00$0.0041389776definersdevelopment127.0.0.1 (US)ch_1CZuoiI2aKwfvOvn3BoKKPZjch_1CZuoiI2aKwfvOvn3BoKKPZjPURCHASECREDITCARD$13.16APPROVED0.17 / 0...4348(04/2020)US / US6/6/2018 2:08:22AM35578765Brian RogersN/A$0.00$0.0040668299definersdevelopment96.91.230.225 (US)ch_1CQHsJI2aKwfvOvnuk76RPRgch_1CQHsJI2aKwfvOvnuk76RPRgPURCHASECREDITCARD$75.18APPROVED0.2 / 0...1003(03/2018)US / US5/10/201812:44:16 PM34927955Joseph PounderN/A$0.00$0.0038909239definersdevelopment127.0.0.1 (US)ch_1C2CVjI2aKwfvOvnjEfwEoXFch_1C2CVjI2aKwfvOvnjEfwEoXFPURCHASECREDITCARD$14.04APPROVED0.14 / 0...4348(04/2020)US / US3/5/2018 1:09:24AM33309028Brian RogersN/A$0.00$0.0037752481definersdevelopment127.0.0.1 (US)ch_1BlqRmI2aKwfvOvnKESJ7zuych_1BlqRmI2aKwfvOvnKESJ7zuyPURCHASECREDITCARD$10.87APPROVED0.2 / 0...4348(04/2020)US / US1/18/201810:21:44 PM32244346Brian RogersN/A$0.00$0.0037740898definersdevelopment96.91.230.225 (US)ch_1BlgICI2aKwfvOvnAxNm9APNch_1BlgICI2aKwfvOvnAxNm9APNPURCHASECREDITCARD$172.92APPROVED0.15 / 0...1003(03/2018)US / US1/18/201811:31:10 AM32233713Joseph PounderN/A$0.00$0.0037697616definersdevelopment127.0.0.1 (US)ch_1Bl7PZI2aKwfvOvnHkFeCCbVch_1Bl7PZI2aKwfvOvnHkFeCCbVPURCHASECREDITCARD$13.75APPROVED0.2 / 0...4348(04/2020)US / US1/16/201810:16:27 PM32193747Brian RogersN/A$0.00$0.0034674760definersdevelopment96.91.230.225 (US)ch_1B3sg6I2aKwfvOvnxLb2i3Zxch_1B3sg6I2aKwfvOvnxLb2i3ZxPURCHASECREDITCARD$9.06APPROVED0.1 / 0...1003(03/2018)US / US9/19/2017 4:50:47PM29423579Joseph PounderN/A$0.00$0.0034641271definersdevelopment96.91.230.225 (US)ch_1B3RVZI2aKwfvOvnyT2qXuZMch_1B3RVZI2aKwfvOvnyT2qXuZMPURCHASECREDITCARD$6.88APPROVED0.1 / 0...1003(03/2018)US / US9/18/201711:50:06 AM29393503Joseph PounderN/A$0.00$0.0034518291definersdevelopment127.0.0.1 (US)ch_1B1R4II2aKwfvOvnUDOQLq7fch_1B1R4II2aKwfvOvnUDOQLq7fPURCHASECREDITCARD$15.36APPROVED0.26 / 0...4348(04/2020)US / US9/12/201710:57:39 PM29280820Brian RogersN/A$0.00$0.0033351289definersdevelopment127.0.0.1 (US)ch_1AiwrSI2aKwfvOvn8U2Rubg2ch_1AiwrSI2aKwfvOvn8U2Rubg2PURCHASECREDITCARD$30.72APPROVED0.19 / 0...4348(04/2020)US / US7/23/201711:03:59 PM28205769Brian RogersN/A$0.00$0.0032966221definersdevelopment96.91.230.225 (US)ch_1AcbAqI2aKwfvOvnACNfXdoych_1AcbAqI2aKwfvOvnACNfXdoyPURCHASECREDITCARD$10.87APPROVED0.11 / 0...4348(N/A)US / US7/6/2017 10:41:45AM27851321Brian RogersN/A$0.00$0.0030991589definersdevelopment96.91.230.225 (US)ch_1A4szGI2aKwfvOvndBAFdmjIch_1A4szGI2aKwfvOvndBAFdmjIPURCHASECREDITCARD$10.87APPROVED0.19 / 0...1003(N/A)US / US4/4/2017 10:50:27AM26046704Joseph PounderN/A$0.00$0.0030019910definersdevelopment96.91.230.225 (US)ch_19oEjTI2aKwfvOvngLGMPD7Och_19oEjTI2aKwfvOvngLGMPD7OPURCHASECREDITCARD$10.87APPROVED0.49 / 0...1003(N/A)US / US2/17/201711:37:20 AM25167856Joseph PounderN/A$0.00$0.0030019142definersdevelopment96.91.230.225 (US)ch_19oDzuI2aKwfvOvnLGXgbtlWch_19oDzuI2aKwfvOvnLGXgbtlWPURCHASECREDITCARD$10.87APPROVED0.49 / 0...1003(N/A)US / US2/17/201710:50:15 AM25167151Joseph PounderN/A$0.00$0.0030019141definersdevelopment96.91.230.225 (US)ch_19oDzsI2aKwfvOvnIH1t06gmch_19oDzsI2aKwfvOvnIH1t06gmPURCHASECREDITCARD$10.87APPROVED0.49 / 0...1003(N/A)US / US2/17/201710:50:13 AM25167150Joseph PounderN/A$0.00$0.0030018005definersdevelopment96.91.230.225 (US)ch_19oCxSI2aKwfvOvn3P5P6C3Dch_19oCxSI2aKwfvOvn3P5P6C3DPURCHASECREDITCARD$21.74APPROVED0.49 / 0...1003(N/A)US / US2/17/2017 9:43:40AM25166121Joseph PounderN/A$0.00$0.0029981610definersdevelopment96.91.230.225 (US)ch_19nXyII2aKwfvOvnSKWkiI6Lch_19nXyII2aKwfvOvnSKWkiI6LPURCHASECREDITCARD$10.87APPROVED0.61 / 0...1003(N/A)US / US2/15/2017 1:57:59PM25133418Joseph PounderN/A$0.00$0.0027613296definersdevelopment96.91.230.230 (US)ch_193rvsI2aKwfvOvnGtKVicU9ch_193rvsI2aKwfvOvnGtKVicU9PURCHASECREDITCARD$12.48APPROVED0.17 / 0...4348(N/A)US / US10/12/20162:58:29 PM23038797Brian RogersN/A$0.00$0.0026759149definersdevelopment96.91.230.230 (US)ch_18lKSXI2aKwfvOvnN6aa4GF7ch_18lKSXI2aKwfvOvnN6aa4GF7PURCHASECREDITCARD$12.48APPROVED0.45 / 0...4348(N/A)US / US8/22/201611:35:34 AM22263626Brian RogersN/A$0.00$0.0026758545definersdevelopment96.91.230.230 (US)ch_18lJruI2aKwfvOvnqwKgvz6kch_18lJruI2aKwfvOvnqwKgvz6kPURCHASECREDITCARD$12.48APPROVED0.51 / 0...4348(N/A)US / US8/22/201610:58:01 AM22263064Brian RogersN/A$0.00$0.00Exported on Oct/22/2018
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Credit Card ListCredit CardContact AddressAMEX-1003 XXXXXXXX10031555 Wilson Blvd, Suit 307ArlingtonVA,22209USAMEX-2004 XXXXXXXX20041500 Wilson BlvdArlingtonVA,22209USMC-4348 XXXXXXXX43481555 Wilson Blvd, Suit 307ArlingtonVA,22209USExported on Oct/22/2018
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Received by NSD/FARA Registration Unit 12/29/2017 2:21:28 PMJ OMBNo. 1124-0006; Expires May 31, 2020 .u.s. Department of Justice Exhibit A to Registration StatementWashington, dc 20530 Pursuant to the Foreign Agents Registration Act of1938, as amendedINSTRUCTIONS. Furnish this exhibit for EACH foreign principal listed in on initial statement and for EACH additional foreign principal acquired subsequently. The filing of this documentrequires the payment of a filing fee as set forth in Rule (d)(1), 28 C.F.R. § 5.5(d)(1). Compliance is accomplished by filing an electronic Exhibit A form at htips^/www, fara.govPrivacy Act Statement. The filing of this document is required by the Foreign Agents Registration Act of 1938, as amended, 22 U.S.C. § 611 el seq., for the purposes of registration under the Act and public disclosure. Provision of the information requested is mandatory, and failure to provide this information is subject to the penalty and enforcement provisions established in Section 8 of the Act. Every registration statement, short form registration statement, supplemental statement, exhibit, amendment copy ofihformdtiqna] materials or other documentor infoimation filed with the Attorney General under this Act is a public record open to public examination, inspection and copying during the posted business hours of the Registration Unit in Washington, DC. Statements are also available online at the Registration Unit's webpage: hnps:/A»mv.fara.£ov- One copy of every such document, other than informational materials, is automatically provided to the Secretary of State pursuant to Section 6(b) of the Act, and copies of any and ell documents are routinely made available to other agencies, departments and Congress pursuant to Section 6(c) of the Act The Attorney General also transmits a semi-annual report to Congress on the administration of the Act which lists the names of all agents registered under the Act and the foreign principals they represent. This report is available to the public in print and online at: https://www.fara.gov.Public Reporting Burden. Public reporting burden for this collection of information is estimated to average .49 hours per response, including the lime for reviewing instructions, searching existing data sources, gathering and maintaining the data needed, and completing and reviewing the collection of information. Send comments regarding this burden estimate or any other aspect of this collection of information, including suggestions for reducing this burden to Chief, Registration Unit, Counterintelligence and Export Control Section, National Security Division, U.S. Department of Justice, Washington. DC 20530; alhd to the Office of Information and Regulatory Affairs, Office of Management and Budget, Washington, DC 20503.1. Name and Address of Registrant Definers Corp.1500 Wilson Boulevard, 5th Floor, Arlington, VA 222092. Registration No3. Name of Foreign PrincipalAkin Gump Strauss Hauer & Feld LLP on behalf of the Embassy of the United Arab Emirates4. Principal Address of Foreign Principal 3522 International Court NW, Suite 400 Washington, DC 200085. indicate whether your foreign principal is one of the following:13 Government of a foreign country1 G Foreign political partyD Foreign or domestic organization: If either, check one of the following:□ Partnership □ CommitteeC Corporation Q Voluntary group□ Association □ Other (specify)□ Individual-State nationality ._____._________6. If the foreign' principal is a foreign government state:a) Branch or agency represented by the registrantEmbassy of the United Arab Emiratesb) Name and title of official with whom registrant dealsN/A (Definers Corp. is a subcontractor under this engagement, and will not report to any Embassy official)7. if the foreign principal is a foreign political party, state: a) Principal addressb) Name and title of official with whom registrant dealsc) Principal aimI ‘Government of o foreign country,* os defined in Section 1(e) of the Act. includes any person or group of persons exercising sovereign de facto or de jure political jurisdiction over any counuy, other than the United States, or over any part of stub country, and includes any subdivision of any such group and any group or agency to which such sovereign de facto or de jure authority or functions ate directly or indirectly delegated. Such term shell include any faction or body of insurgents within a country assuming to exercise govemmentoJ authority whether such faction or body of insurgents has or has not been recognized by the United StalesFORM NSD-3Received by NSD/FARA Registration Unit 12/29/2017 2:21:28 PMRevised 05/17
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Received by NSD/FARA Registration Unit 12/29/2017 2:21:28 PM8. If the.foreign principal is not a foreign government or a foreign political party: a) State the nature of the business or activity of this foreign principal.b) Is this foreign principal:Supervised by a foreign government, foreign political party, or other foreign principal Owned by a foreign government, foreign political party, or other foreign principal Directed by a foreign government, foreign political party, or other foreign principal Controlled by a foreign government, foreign political party, or other foreign principal Financed by a foreign government, foreign political party, or other foreign principal Subsidized in part by a foreign government, foreign political party, or other foreign principalYes □ No □ Yes □ No □ Yes □ No □ Yes □ No □ Yes □ No □ Yes □ No D9. Explain fully all items answered "Yes" in Item 8(b). (If additional space is needed, a full insert page must be used)10. If the foreign principal is an organization and is not owned or controlled by a foreign government, foreign political party or other foreign principal, state who owns and controls it.EXECUTIONIn accordance with 28 U.S.C. § 1746, the undersigned swears or affirms under penalty of perjury that he/she has read the information set forth in this Exhibit A to the registration statement and that he/she is familiar with the contents thereof and that such contents are in their entirety true and accurate to the best of his/her knowledge and belief.Date of Exhibit A Name and TitleSignatureReceived by NSD/FARA Registration Unit 12/29/2017 2:21:28 PM
Annex 159
Received by NSD/FARA Registration Unit 12/29/2017 2:21:17 PMOMB No. 1124-0004; Expires May 31,2020u.s. Department of Justice Exhibit B to Registration StatementWashington, dc 20530 Pursuant to the Foreign Agents Registration Act of1938, as amendedINSTRUCTIONS. A registrant must furnish as on Exhibit B copies of each written agreement and the terms and conditions of each oral agreement with his foreign principal, including all modifications of such agreements, or, where no contract exists, a full statement of all the circumstances by reason of which the registrant is acting as on agent of a foreign principal. Compliance is accomplished by filing an electronic Exhibit B form at https://www.fam.gov.Privacy Act Statement. The filing of this document is required for the Foreign Agents Registration Act of 1938, as amended, 22 U.S.C. § 611 etseq.. for the purposes of registration under the Act and public disclosure. Provision of the information requested is mandatory, and failure to provide the information Is subject to the penalty and enforcement provisions established in Section 8 of the Act. Every registration statement, short form registration statement, supplemental statement, exhibit, amendment, copy of informational materials or other document or information filed with the Attorney General under this Act is a public record open to public examination, inspection and copying during the posted business hours of the Registration Unit in Washington, DC. Statements are also available online at the Registration Unit’s webpage: https://wvvw.fara.gov. One copy of every such document, other than informational materials, is automatically provided to the Secretory of State pursuant to Section 6(b) of the Act, and copies of any and all documents are routinely made available to other agencies, departments and Congress pursuant to Section 6(c) of the Act. The Attorney General also transmits a semi-annual report to Congress on the administration of the Act which lists the names of ali agents registered under the Act and th'c foreign principals they represent. This report is available to the public in print and online at: https:/7www.fara.gov.Public Reporting Burden. Public reporting burden for this collection of information is estimated to average .33 hours per response, including the time for reviewing instructions, searching existing data sources, gathering and maintaining the data needed, and completing and reviewing the collection of information. Send comments regarding this burden .estimate or any other aspect of this collection of information, including suggestions for reducing this burden to.Chief, Registration Unit, Counterintelligence and Export Control Section, National Security Division, U.S. Department of Justice, Washington, DC 20530; and to the Office of Information and Regulatory Affairs, Office of Management and Budget, Washington, DC 20503.1. Name of Registrant Definers Corp.3. Name of Foreign PrincipalAkin Gump Strauss Hauer & Feld LLP on behalf of the Embassy of the United Arab Emirates2. Registration No.Check Appropriate Box:4. SI The agreement between the registrant and the above-named foreign principal is a formal written contract. If this box is checked, attach a copy of the contract to this exhibit.5-D There is no formal written contract between the registrant and the foreign principal. The agreement with the above-named foreign principal has resulted from ah exchange, of correspondence. If this box is checked, attach a copy of all pertinent correspondence, including a copy of any initial proposal which has been adopted by reference in such correspondence.6. □ The agreement or understanding between the registrant and the foreign principal is the result of neither a formal writtencontract nor an exchange of correspondence between the parties. If this box is checked, give a complete description below of the terms and conditions of the ora! agreement or understanding, its duration, the fees and expenses, if any, to be received.7. Describe fully the nature and method of performance of the above indicated agreement or understanding.Definers Corp. is a subcontractor of Akin Gump Strauss Hauer & Feld LLP under this engagement. Please see attached agreement___________________________________________________FORM NSD^ Revised 05/17Received by NSD/FARA Registration Unit 12/29/2017 2:21:17 PM
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Received by NSD/FARA Registration Unit 12/29/2017 2:21:17 PM8. Describe fully the activities the registrant engages in or proposes to engage m on behalf of the above foreign principal.Registrant will provide strategic communications support and guidance in furtherance of the interests of the Embassy of the United Arab Emirates, with an emphasis on strengthening bilateral relations and regional security of the United Arab Emirates.9. Will the activities on behalf of the above foreign principal include political activities as defined in Section 1 (o) of the Act and in the footnote below? Yes E No □If yes, describe all such political activities indicating, among other things, the relations, interests or policies to be influenced together with the means to be employed to achieve this purpose.See response to Question 8.EXECUTIONIn accordance with 28 U.S.C. § 1746, the undersigned swears or affirms under penalty of petjury that he/she has read the infoimation set forth in this Exhibit B to the registration statement and that he/she.is familiar with the contents thereof and that such contents are in their entirety true and accurate to the best of his/her knowledge and beliefDate of Exhibit BName and Title'"OoKPHT&MOeE., P&E5I PFWTSignatureFootnote: ‘Political activity.'' os defined in Section l(o) of the Act. means any activity which the person engaging in believes wilt, or that ihc person intends to. in any way influence any agency or officio) of the Government of the United States or any section of the public within the United Slates with reference to formulating, adopting, or changing the domestic or foreign policies of the United States or with reference to the political or public interests, policies, or relations of a government of a foreign country or a foreign politicalparty.Received by NSD/FARARegistration Unit 12/29/2017 2:21:17 PM
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Received by NSD/FARA Registration Unit 12/29/2017 2:21:17 PMAkin GumpSTRAUSS HAUER & FELD LLPATTORNEY-CLIENT PRIVILEGED ATTORNEY WORK PRODUCT PRIVILEGED & CONFIDENTIALHALS. SHAPIRO20ZBB7.4053rtar*1 202.B87.' hshaptrbQakEngump.<sniJoePounder Definers Corp.1500 Wilson Blvd. ! 5* FloorArlington,! VA 22209December 19,2017Dear Mr . Pounder:This letter shall to confirm pur Agreement as follows:yEffective retained definers Corp United Arab Emirates, retain Definers to work2. It is in (“Consult! ig Services”!} relations a id regional se3. Akin Gi mb t grees to pray Definers a monthly retainer of $20,000 for the Consulting Services, and Akin Gurip agrees to; reimburse Definers for reasonable, pre-approved out-of-pocket expenses incurred m connection with the Consular g Services.Define^ 1 he Agreemt4.terminatebut does nbt represent6,their design -hereunderir—opinions collective product d> law. As i with the piInformalof any taja; ‘De i itsif December l?,;20I7, Akin Gump Strauss Hauer & Feld LLP (“Akin Gump”) has Finers”), to assist: the firm in providing legal advice to its client, the Embassy of the : agents and representatives (“the Client”). The Client has authorized Akin Gump to t Akin Gump’s direction and report directly to Akin Gump on this matter.lets'pod that Definers will provide strategic communications support and guidance ' ranee of the Interests of the Client, with an emphasis on strengthening bilateral of the United Arab Emirates.ftrthe;It provide the Consulting Services on a month-to-month basis, and either party may iving fifteen (15) day's prior written notice to the other party. Akin Gump anticipates, kntee, (hat the Consulting Services will be needed for at least six (6) months,All in sees, and al ■iricliKlingi . xmclusions, ij y referred to octrine, cpiifii.condition of ifovisions of ti)srnrcce5. Defined a< :k lowledges that jjerfonnance of the Consulting Services may trigger compliance obligations under various L.J. laws, includingthe Foreign Agents Registration Act (“FARA"), Eachpaity shall be respdnsibl p for any liaoi: ity p costs arising frpm any failure or requirement of such party to comply with FARA or other appl cable regulate ry e juirements.ton released by and exchanged among Akin Gump, Definers, the Client, or any of votfcl opinions, conclusions, and communications produced by Definers or its employees oh-released-by4ndexchangedatnong-AkinGumprDefiners,-orthe-GUenL'Orworkr communications produced by Definers prior to the date of this Agreement—{herein “'“Information’’) ^ or will be protected by the attorney-client privilege, attorney work ity, and/or other applicable privileges or prelections, to the fullest extent-provided by i vlng such Information, Definers agrees tp treat any such Irifoirhation in accordance greement.Defined h received id >jrmation wojifiiri icr agrees to take all reasonable steps to maintain the.security and confidentiality of fiction with this engagement. Definers acknowledges that tlie unauthorized disclosure e irreparable harm to the Client. Definers agrees to take reasonable measures to*t. Straws i2 US1333 lew Hampshire Avanus. N.W. | Washington, 0 C. 20030-55541202 BB7.40001 fax 2tO.8B7.42BB | Bklngumpj»mIReceived by NSD/FARA Registration Unit 12/29/2017 2:21:17 PM
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Received by NSD/FARA Registration Unit 12/29/2017 2:21:17 PMATTORNEY-CLIENT PRIVILEGED ATTORh iEY WORKiI ’RODUCT PRIVILfi GED & CONF] RENTALmaterials, it yy use of enc|ensure th includingSi | Define^ Informal n to any third that is not related to its; of Akin Gtimp or the Cjl to its worn for Akin Q party unless required toec:pa^voifcenmilofi‘timpAkin GumpSTRAUSS HAUER & FELD LLPives or produces in connection with this matter ore securely stored and transmitted, t^pt on and passwords Where reasonable.ireby agrees that, absent authorization from Akin Gump, it will not; (a) disclose any t W' unless required io do so by law; (b) make any use of die Information for any purpose 1 Ifor Akin Gump related to the Client; (c) moke any use of the name, marks, or identity *th any maiketing, advertising,.promotion, or other purpose not related ent; or (d) disclose the specific terms of this Agreement to any thirdtin connection w related to the Cl >q by law.infonnatidn Definers Akin Gun Akin Gun (including legally recIf Definers is requested or required (e.g., by oral questions, interrogatories, requests for... or documei screes that it|> p an oppoi p, oritsdesi] but not limji 'uired.s, subpoenas. Civil Investigative Demand, or similar process) to disclose any Information, nil provide Akin Gump with prompt notice of such request or requirement, and provide yity to intervene and raise objections, if available. Definers also agrees to cooperate with ie is, in any attempt to obtain a protective order or other remedy to prevent such release o’ injunctive relief). Any legally mandated disclosure shall be limited to that which is10Hat Shapi MDefined will submit invoices for fees and expenses for services directly to Akin Gump, attention o, which shat| be solely responsible for payment.This Agree ment may be modified only by written agreement.This Agree rcent may be executed in counterparts, each of which shall be deemed to be an original,12but all of Which, taken tdge13Agreed to andSg«her, shall constitute one and the same Agreement.Tie proyisjons of sections 5-9 of this Agreement shall survive the termination of the Agreement.Accepte^ jbyiAkin Gump Strauss Hauer & FeidXLP By:Date:Defines Corp.By:Date: ^1^2Received by NSD/FARA Registration Unit 12/29/2017 2:21:17 PM
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Shopper Info for Shopper ID 159344741Shopper ID:159344741Private Label ID:1695Login Name:159344741First Name:HaithamMiddle Name:Last Name:Al MussawiCompany:Address1:2501 9th Road SouthAddress2:#251City:ArlingtonState/Prov:VAPostal Code:22204Country:usPhone Work:+1.2023402624Phone Home:Mobile:Fax:Email:[email protected]:Gender:Date Created:6/18/2017 1:21:45 PMLast Changed By:pci.eCommClient.prod.intranet.gdgLast Changed By Date:7/18/2018 1:39:16 AMStatus:Fraud:Not Checked / UnknownShopper Pin:Password Reminder:Twitter Handle:DBP 000001
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Domain List for Shopper ID 159344741Domain NameStatusCreatedExpiresOrder IDQATARTRUTH.COMActive6/18/2017n/a1149150591DBP 000002
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Domain Information for Shopper ID 159344741Shopper ID:159344741Domain Name:QATARTRUTH.COMRegistrar:GoDaddy.com, LLCStatus:ActiveName Servers:Auto Renew:Renew Period:0Registrant ContactName:Haitham Al MussawiCompany:Email:[email protected] 1:2501 9th Road SouthAddress 2:#251City:ArlingtonState/Province:VirginiaPostal Code:22204Country:United StatesPhone:+1.2023402624Fax:Modify Time:6/18/2017 1:22:48 PMTechnical ContactName:Haitham Al MussawiCompany:Email:[email protected] 1:2501 9th Road SouthAddress 2:#251City:ArlingtonState/Province:VirginiaPostal Code:22204Country:United StatesPhone:+1.2023402624Fax:Modify Time:6/18/2017 1:22:48 PMAdministrative ContactName:Haitham Al MussawiCompany:Email:[email protected] 1:2501 9th Road SouthAddress 2:#251City:ArlingtonState/Province:VirginiaPostal Code:22204Country:United StatesPhone:+1.2023402624Fax:Modify Time:6/18/2017 1:22:48 PMBilling ContactName:Haitham Al MussawiCompany:Email:[email protected] 1:2501 9th Road SouthAddress 2:#251City:ArlingtonState/Province:VirginiaPostal Code:22204Country:United StatesPhone:+1.2023402624Fax:Modify Time:6/18/2017 1:22:48 PMDBP 000003
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Notes for Shopper ID 1593447416/18/2017 to 9/18/2018Entered Date / ByNote6/18/2017 1:21:45 PM / Post PurchaseProcessing / Client IP: GoDaddy InternalDomain QATAREXPOSED.COM privacy set up. DBP service purchased by customer159344664.6/18/2017 1:21:45 PM / Post PurchaseProcessing / Client IP: GoDaddy InternalDomain TRUTHABOUTQATAR.COM privacy set up. DBP service purchased by customer159344664.6/18/2017 1:21:45 PM / Post PurchaseProcessing / Client IP: GoDaddy InternalDomain QATARTRUTH.COM privacy set up. DBP service purchased by customer 159344664.6/18/2017 1:21:45 PM / Post PurchaseProcessing / Client IP: GoDaddy InternalDomain QATARISAPROBLEM.COM privacy set up. DBP service purchased by customer159344664.6/18/2017 1:21:45 PM / Post PurchaseProcessing / Client IP: GoDaddy InternalDomain QATARUNCOVERED.COM privacy set up. DBP service purchased by customer159344664.DBP 000004
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Shopper Contact Audit for Shopper ID 159344741Change DateRequested ByIP AddressValueChangedPrevious ValueChanged To6/18/20171:21:46 PMFort KnoxShopperAttribute CopyP3PWGDCOMM008cityArlington6/18/20171:21:46 PMFort KnoxShopperAttribute CopyP3PWGDCOMM008countryus6/18/20171:21:46 PMFort KnoxShopperAttribute [email protected]/18/20171:21:46 PMFort KnoxShopperAttribute CopyP3PWGDCOMM008first_nameHaitham6/18/20171:21:46 PMFort KnoxShopperAttribute CopyP3PWGDCOMM008last_nameAl Mussawi6/18/20171:21:46 PMFort KnoxShopperAttribute CopyP3PWGDCOMM008phone1+1.20234026246/18/20171:21:46 PMFort KnoxShopperAttribute CopyP3PWGDCOMM008stateVA6/18/20171:21:46 PMFort KnoxShopperAttribute CopyP3PWGDCOMM008street12501 9th Road South6/18/20171:21:46 PMFort KnoxShopperAttribute CopyP3PWGDCOMM008street2#2516/18/20171:21:46 PMFort KnoxShopperAttribute CopyP3PWGDCOMM008zip22204DBP 000005
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Shopper Info for Shopper ID 159344664Shopper ID:159344664Private Label ID:1Login Name:[email protected] Name:HaithamMiddle Name:Last Name:Al MussawiCompany:Address1:2501 9th Road SouthAddress2:#251City:ArlingtonState/Prov:VAPostal Code:22204Country:usPhone Work:+1.2023402624Phone Home:Mobile:Fax:Email:[email protected]:Gender:Date Created:6/18/2017 1:19:39 PMLast Changed By:PLATAPI-8521Last Changed By Date:5/25/2018 6:45:50 PMStatus:Fraud:Verified by Fraud Dept - Customer OKShopper Pin:Password Reminder:Twitter Handle:GD 000001
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Domain List for Shopper ID 159344664Domain NameStatusCreatedExpiresOrder IDqatartruth.com0 Active6/18/20176/18/20191149150591GD 000002
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Domain Information for Shopper ID 159344664Shopper ID:159344664Domain Name:qatartruth.comRegistrar:GoDaddy.com, LLCRegistration Period:2Create Date:6/18/2017 3:21:56 PMExpiration Date:6/18/2019 3:21:56 PMUpdate Date:6/18/2017 3:21:56 PMTransfer Away Eligibility Date:Status:0 ActiveIs Certified Domain:FalseGaining Registrar Name:Transferred Away Date:Last Modified:11/21/2017 3:49:36 PMCustom DNS:NoName Servers:kate.ns.cloudflare.comtrey.ns.cloudflare.comAuto Renew:YesRenew Period:0Registrant ContactName:Registration PrivateCompany:Domains By Proxy, LLCEmail:[email protected] 1:DomainsByProxy.comAddress 2:14455 N. Hayden RoadCity:ScottsdaleState/Province:ArizonaPostal Code:85260Country:United StatesPhone:+1.4806242599Fax:+1.4806242598Modify Time:6/18/2017 1:21:47 PMTechnical ContactName:Registration PrivateCompany:Domains By Proxy, LLCEmail:[email protected] 1:DomainsByProxy.comAddress 2:14455 N. Hayden RoadCity:ScottsdaleState/Province:ArizonaPostal Code:85260Country:United StatesPhone:+1.4806242599Fax:+1.4806242598Modify Time:6/18/2017 1:21:47 PMAdministrative ContactName:Registration PrivateCompany:Domains By Proxy, LLCEmail:[email protected] 1:DomainsByProxy.comAddress 2:14455 N. Hayden RoadCity:ScottsdaleState/Province:ArizonaPostal Code:85260Country:United StatesPhone:+1.4806242599Fax:+1.4806242598Modify Time:6/18/2017 1:21:48 PMBilling ContactName:Registration PrivateCompany:Domains By Proxy, LLCEmail:[email protected] 1:DomainsByProxy.comAddress 2:14455 N. Hayden RoadCity:ScottsdaleState/Province:ArizonaPostal Code:85260Country:United StatesPhone:+1.4806242599Fax:+1.4806242598Modify Time:6/18/2017 1:21:48 PMGD 000003
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Notes for Shopper ID 1593446646/18/2017 to 9/18/2018Entered Date / ByNote11/21/2017 4:09:46 PM / EP-17933 / Client IP:GoDaddy InternalSetting AutoRenew = 1: .ORG Domain Name Registration - 2 Years (recurring) OrderID:1152676212 RowID: 0 Namespace:domain ResourceID: 24116250111/21/2017 3:50:39 PM / EP-17933 / Client IP:GoDaddy InternalSetting AutoRenew = 1: .COM Domain Name Registration - 2 Years (recurring) OrderID:1149150591 RowID: 2 Namespace:domain ResourceID: 24069921011/21/2017 3:49:36 PM / EP-17933 / Client IP:GoDaddy InternalSetting AutoRenew = 1: .COM Domain Name Registration - 2 Years (recurring) OrderID:1149150591 RowID: 8 Namespace:domain ResourceID: 24069921411/21/2017 3:49:36 PM / EP-17933 / Client IP:GoDaddy InternalSetting AutoRenew = 1: .COM Domain Name Registration - 2 Years (recurring) OrderID:1149150591 RowID: 6 Namespace:domain ResourceID: 24069921311/21/2017 3:49:36 PM / EP-17933 / Client IP:GoDaddy InternalSetting AutoRenew = 1: .COM Domain Name Registration - 2 Years (recurring) OrderID:1149150591 RowID: 0 Namespace:domain ResourceID: 24069921111/21/2017 3:49:36 PM / EP-17933 / Client IP:GoDaddy InternalSetting AutoRenew = 1: .COM Domain Name Registration - 2 Years (recurring) OrderID:1149150591 RowID: 4 Namespace:domain ResourceID: 2406992128/15/2017 3:25:55 AM / BillingAgent / ClientIP: GoDaddy InternalFailed Billing Attempt: 3. Cancelling Website Builder wsb. Reason: Autorenew is off. Account:Billing for 07/26/2017. qatartruth.org8/15/2017 3:25:55 AM / BillingAgent / ClientIP: GoDaddy InternalFailed Billing Attempt: 3. Cancelling.Account Billing Usage. Reason: Autorenew is off. Account:Monthly Addon Billing for 07/26/2017. qatartruth.org8/15/2017 3:25:54 AM / BillingAgent / ClientIP: GoDaddy InternalCancelling: GoCentral Website Builder Business Plan - Free Month OrderID: 1152676212 RowID:2 Namespace:wsb ResourceID: 3487196078/7/2017 5:06:29 AM / BillingAgent / Client IP:GoDaddy InternalFailed Billing Attempt: 3. Cancelling.Account Billing Usage. Reason: Autorenew is off. Account:Monthly Addon Billing for 07/18/2017. truthaboutqatar.com8/7/2017 5:06:29 AM / BillingAgent / Client IP:GoDaddy InternalFailed Billing Attempt: 3. Cancelling Website Builder wsb. Reason: Autorenew is off. Account:Billing for 07/18/2017. truthaboutqatar.com8/7/2017 5:06:28 AM / BillingAgent / Client IP:GoDaddy InternalCancelling: GoCentral Website Builder Business Plan - Free Month OrderID: 1149150591 RowID:10 Namespace:wsb ResourceID: 3479472178/5/2017 4:22:19 AM / BillingAgent / Client IP:GoDaddy InternalFailed Billing Attempt (Website Builder wsb): 2. Next Attempt Date: Aug 15 201 Reason:Autorenew is off. Account: Billing for 07/26/2017. qatartruth.org8/5/2017 4:22:19 AM / BillingAgent / Client IP:GoDaddy InternalFailed Billing Attempt (Account Billing Usage): 2. Next Attempt Date: Aug 15 201 Reason:Autorenew is off. Account: Monthly Addon Billing for 07/26/2017. qatartruth.org7/28/2017 9:39:31 AM / BillingAgent / ClientIP: GoDaddy InternalFailed Billing Attempt (Account Billing Usage): 2. Next Attempt Date: Aug 7 201 Reason:Autorenew is off. Account: Monthly Addon Billing for 07/18/2017. truthaboutqatar.com7/28/2017 9:39:31 AM / BillingAgent / ClientIP: GoDaddy InternalFailed Billing Attempt (Website Builder wsb): 2. Next Attempt Date: Aug 7 201 Reason:Autorenew is off. Account: Billing for 07/18/2017. truthaboutqatar.com7/26/2017 8:25:33 AM / BillingAgent / ClientIP: GoDaddy InternalFailed Billing Attempt (Account Billing Usage): 1. Next Attempt Date: Aug 5 201 Reason:Autorenew is off. Account: Monthly Addon Billing for 07/26/2017. qatartruth.org7/26/2017 8:25:33 AM / BillingAgent / ClientIP: GoDaddy InternalFailed Billing Attempt (Website Builder wsb): 1. Next Attempt Date: Aug 5 201 Reason:Autorenew is off. Account: Billing for 07/26/2017. qatartruth.org7/18/2017 5:46:13 AM / BillingAgent / ClientIP: GoDaddy InternalFailed Billing Attempt (Account Billing Usage): 1. Next Attempt Date: Jul 28 201 Reason:Autorenew is off. Account: Monthly Addon Billing for 07/18/2017. truthaboutqatar.com7/18/2017 5:46:13 AM / BillingAgent / ClientIP: GoDaddy InternalFailed Billing Attempt (Website Builder wsb): 1. Next Attempt Date: Jul 28 201 Reason:Autorenew is off. Account: Billing for 07/18/2017. truthaboutqatar.com6/26/2017 11:18:50 AM / RegHerculesSvc /Client IP: GoDaddy InternalSetting AutoRenew = 0: .COM Domain Name Registration - 2 Years (recurring) OrderID:1149150591 RowID: 2 Namespace:domain ResourceID: 240699210 EAR: OFF6/26/2017 11:18:47 AM / Customer / Client IP:70.88.147.109DCC domain nameserver update requested qatarexposed.com (ID=240699210)6/26/2017 8:35:10 AM / RegBulkEmailSvc /Client IP: GoDaddy InternalRegBulkEmailSvc: Sent DomainAddSuccess email for qatartruth.org to: shopper.GD 000004
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Notes for Shopper ID 1593446646/18/2017 to 9/18/2018Entered Date / ByNote6/26/2017 8:27:08 AM / RegHerculesSvc /Client IP: GoDaddy InternalSetting AutoRenew = 0: .ORG Domain Name Registration - 2 Years (recurring) OrderID:1152676212 RowID: 0 Namespace:domain ResourceID: 241162501 EAR: OFF6/26/2017 8:27:02 AM / RegAgentSvc / ClientIP: GoDaddy InternalDomain name qatartruth.org registered6/26/2017 8:27:02 AM / RegAgentSvc / ClientIP: GoDaddy InternalA DomainAddSuccess E-mail has been sent to shopperId 159344664 for domain qatartruth.org.6/26/2017 8:26:56 AM / Post PurchaseProcessing / Client IP: GoDaddy InternalDomain QATARTRUTH.ORG privacy set up. DBP customer number is 159973303.6/26/2017 7:29:14 AM / RegHerculesSvc /Client IP: GoDaddy InternalSetting AutoRenew = 0: .COM Domain Name Registration - 2 Years (recurring) OrderID:1149150591 RowID: 6 Namespace:domain ResourceID: 240699213 EAR: OFF6/26/2017 7:28:02 AM / Customer / Client IP:70.88.147.109DCC domain nameserver update requested qatartruth.com (ID=240699213)6/23/2017 6:06:52 AM / RegHerculesSvc /Client IP: GoDaddy InternalSetting AutoRenew = 0: .COM Domain Name Registration - 2 Years (recurring) OrderID:1149150591 RowID: 2 Namespace:domain ResourceID: 240699210 EAR: OFF6/23/2017 6:06:43 AM / RegAgentSvc / ClientIP: GoDaddy InternalDNSSEC modify for domain qatarexposed.com, processed by RegAgentSvc, returning to status 0,on 06/23/2017 06:06:43.6/23/2017 6:06:34 AM / Customer / Client IP:71.178.245.9DCC dnsSec update requested qatarexposed.com (ID=240699210)6/23/2017 5:54:17 AM / RegHerculesSvc /Client IP: GoDaddy InternalSetting AutoRenew = 0: .COM Domain Name Registration - 2 Years (recurring) OrderID:1149150591 RowID: 2 Namespace:domain ResourceID: 240699210 EAR: OFF6/23/2017 5:54:06 AM / Customer / Client IP:71.178.245.9DCC domain nameserver update requested qatarexposed.com (ID=240699210)6/21/2017 2:29:01 PM / NewCustomerEmail /Client IP:Sending customer contacted email with survey.6/21/2017 2:29:00 PM / Kaminski, Justin /Client IP: GoDaddy InternalFinesse: An outbound US New Customer call was made. Customer was contacted.6/21/2017 2:26:57 PM / Kaminski, Justin /Client IP: GoDaddy Internalhelped Haitham Al Mussawi CB# +1.2023402624 regarding Domain DomainsAdditional Comments:#MONI - embassy that doesn't need help apparently6/21/2017 2:24:11 PM / Kaminski, Justin /Client IP: GoDaddy InternalJustin Kaminski accessed account with reason "Lynx Outbound Tasks". Validation was skipped.6/21/2017 2:01:25 AM /RegRaaVerifyMailerSvc / Client IP: GoDaddyInternalRegistrar Verification E-mail sent to [email protected] Namespace: Domain Type:DomainRegistrationVerifyReminderEmail Messaging Tracking GUID: 51cd273d-fc62-4aed-afb7-6feb481dfe9e6/19/2017 8:57:56 AM / gdwshAuthenticate /Client IP: GoDaddy InternalPassword Reset performed by shopper6/18/2017 1:30:02 PM / RegBulkEmailSvc /Client IP: GoDaddy InternalRegBulkEmailSvc: Sent RegistrationConfirmationAlt email for truthaboutqatar.comqatarexposed.com qataruncovered.com qatarisaproblem.com qatartruth.com to: shopper.6/18/2017 1:26:08 PM / Fraud Auto Verify -Service / Client IP: GoDaddy InternalMarked as VERIFIED NO FRAUD.6/18/2017 1:23:02 PM /RegRaaVerifyMailerSvc / Client IP: GoDaddyInternalRegistrar Verification E-mail sent to [email protected] Namespace: Domain Type:DomainRegistrationVerifyEmail Messaging Tracking GUID: ad036c5b-7397-4e46-8ecf-3854731ef2806/18/2017 1:22:01 PM / RegHerculesSvc / ClientIP: GoDaddy InternalSetting AutoRenew = 0: .COM Domain Name Registration - 2 Years (recurring) OrderID:1149150591 RowID: 4 Namespace:domain ResourceID: 240699212 EAR: OFF6/18/2017 1:22:01 PM / RegHerculesSvc / ClientIP: GoDaddy InternalSetting AutoRenew = 0: .COM Domain Name Registration - 2 Years (recurring) OrderID:1149150591 RowID: 6 Namespace:domain ResourceID: 240699213 EAR: OFFGD 000005
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Notes for Shopper ID 1593446646/18/2017 to 9/18/2018Entered Date / ByNote6/18/2017 1:22:00 PM / RegHerculesSvc / ClientIP: GoDaddy InternalSetting AutoRenew = 0: .COM Domain Name Registration - 2 Years (recurring) OrderID:1149150591 RowID: 8 Namespace:domain ResourceID: 240699214 EAR: OFF6/18/2017 1:21:57 PM / RegAgentSvc / ClientIP: GoDaddy InternalA RegistrationConfirmationAlt E-mail has been sent to shopperId 159344664 for domainqatarisaproblem.com.6/18/2017 1:21:57 PM / RegAgentSvc / ClientIP: GoDaddy InternalDomain name qatartruth.com registered6/18/2017 1:21:57 PM / RegAgentSvc / ClientIP: GoDaddy InternalA RegistrationConfirmationAlt E-mail has been sent to shopperId 159344664 for domainqatartruth.com.6/18/2017 1:21:56 PM / RegAgentSvc / ClientIP: GoDaddy InternalA RegistrationConfirmationAlt E-mail has been sent to shopperId 159344664 for domainqataruncovered.com.6/18/2017 1:21:56 PM / RegAgentSvc / ClientIP: GoDaddy InternalDomain name qatarisaproblem.com registered6/18/2017 1:21:56 PM / RegAgentSvc / ClientIP: GoDaddy InternalDomain name qataruncovered.com registered6/18/2017 1:21:55 PM / RegHerculesSvc / ClientIP: GoDaddy InternalSetting AutoRenew = 0: .COM Domain Name Registration - 2 Years (recurring) OrderID:1149150591 RowID: 2 Namespace:domain ResourceID: 240699210 EAR: OFF6/18/2017 1:21:53 PM / RegHerculesSvc / ClientIP: GoDaddy InternalSetting AutoRenew = 0: .COM Domain Name Registration - 2 Years (recurring) OrderID:1149150591 RowID: 0 Namespace:domain ResourceID: 240699211 EAR: OFF6/18/2017 1:21:52 PM / RegAgentSvc / ClientIP: GoDaddy InternalDomain name qatarexposed.com registered6/18/2017 1:21:52 PM / RegAgentSvc / ClientIP: GoDaddy InternalA RegistrationConfirmationAlt E-mail has been sent to shopperId 159344664 for domainqatarexposed.com.6/18/2017 1:21:49 PM / RegAgentSvc / ClientIP: GoDaddy InternalA RegistrationConfirmationAlt E-mail has been sent to shopperId 159344664 for domaintruthaboutqatar.com.6/18/2017 1:21:49 PM / RegAgentSvc / ClientIP: GoDaddy InternalDomain name truthaboutqatar.com registered6/18/2017 1:21:45 PM / Post PurchaseProcessing / Client IP: GoDaddy InternalDomain TRUTHABOUTQATAR.COM privacy set up. DBP customer number is 159344741.6/18/2017 1:21:45 PM / Post PurchaseProcessing / Client IP: GoDaddy InternalDomain QATAREXPOSED.COM privacy set up. DBP customer number is 159344741.6/18/2017 1:21:45 PM / Post PurchaseProcessing / Client IP: GoDaddy InternalDomain QATARUNCOVERED.COM privacy set up. DBP customer number is 159344741.6/18/2017 1:21:45 PM / Post PurchaseProcessing / Client IP: GoDaddy InternalDomain QATARISAPROBLEM.COM privacy set up. DBP customer number is 159344741.6/18/2017 1:21:45 PM / Post PurchaseProcessing / Client IP: GoDaddy InternalDomain QATARTRUTH.COM privacy set up. DBP customer number is 159344741.6/18/2017 1:19:38 PM / Customer / Client IP:71.191.184.13Shopper 159344664 accepted and agreed to the Universal Terms of Service and Privacy PolicyGD 000006
Annex 159
Shopper Contact Audit for Shopper ID 159344664Change DateRequested ByIP AddressValueChangedPrevious ValueChanged To6/18/20171:21:45 PMgdPostPurchase.StoreShopperInfo71.191.184.13cityArlington6/18/20171:21:45 PMgdPostPurchase.StoreShopperInfo71.191.184.13countryus6/18/20171:21:45 PMgdPostPurchase.StoreShopperInfo71.191.184.13first_nameHaitham6/18/20171:21:45 PMgdPostPurchase.StoreShopperInfo71.191.184.13last_nameAl Mussawi6/18/20171:21:45 PMgdPostPurchase.StoreShopperInfo71.191.184.13phone1+1.20234026246/18/20171:21:45 PMgdPostPurchase.StoreShopperInfo71.191.184.13stateVA6/18/20171:21:45 PMgdPostPurchase.StoreShopperInfo71.191.184.13street12501 9th Road South6/18/20171:21:45 PMgdPostPurchase.StoreShopperInfo71.191.184.13street2#2516/18/20171:21:45 PMgdPostPurchase.StoreShopperInfo71.191.184.13zip222046/18/20171:19:39 [email protected] 000007
Annex 159
Legal Receipt for Shopper ID 159344664Shopper ID:159344664Receipt ID:1152676212ProgId:GoDaddySiteUrl:http://registrar.godaddy.comDate:6/26/2017 8:26:54 AM By customer via OnlineSource Code:GDBBA2472Shipping InformationHaitham Al Mussawi2501 9th Road South#251Arlington, VA 22204 usDaytime Phone: [email protected] InformationHaitham Al Mussawi2501 9th Road South#251Arlington, VA 22204 usDaytime Phone: [email protected]:71.191.184.13::71.191.184.13Transaction Occurred as: United States Dollar (USD)Payment 1: $43.32Paid:Credit CardProcessor:AMEXDirect-GDAVS Code:MName:Haitham Al mussawiCreditcard Number:###########4009Creditcard Information:AMEX Exp. 4/2022Our Charges will appear on their credit card statement in the name "GODADDY.COM"RowLabelNameUnitPriceToday'sPriceICANNFeeQtyExtraDisc.TotalPrice112102-1.ORG Domain Name Registration - 2 Years(recurring)Length: 2 Year(s)Domain: qatartruth.orgThis a service item.$39.98$26.98$0.361$0.00$27.3427001-1Private Registration ServicesLength: 1 Year(s)Domain: qatartruth.orgThis a service item.$9.99$7.99$0.001$0.00$15.9831055118-1GoCentral Website Builder Business Plan -Free MonthLength: 1 Month(s)Domain:This a service item.$0.00$0.00$0.001$0.00$0.00SubtotalShipping & HandlingTaxTotal$43.32$0.00$0.00$43.32GD 000008
Annex 159
Legal Receipt for Shopper ID 159344664Shopper ID:159344664Receipt ID:1149150591ProgId:GoDaddySiteUrl:http://registrar.godaddy.comDate:6/18/2017 1:21:43 PM By customer via OnlineSource Code:???Shipping [email protected] InformationHaitham Al Mussawi2501 9th Road South#251Arlington, VA 22204 usDaytime Phone: [email protected]:71.191.184.13::71.191.184.13Transaction Occurred as: United States Dollar (USD)Payment 1: $221.60Paid:Credit CardProcessor:AMEXDirect-GDAVS Code:MName:Haitham Al mussawiCreditcard Number:###########4009Creditcard Information:AMEX Exp. 4/2022Our Charges will appear on their credit card statement in the name "GODADDY.COM"RowLabelNameUnitPriceToday'sPriceICANNFeeQtyExtraDisc.TotalPrice1102-1.COM Domain Name Registration - 2 Years(recurring)Length: 2 Year(s)Domain: truthaboutqatar.comThis a service item.$29.98$27.98$0.361$0.00$28.3427001-1Private Registration ServicesLength: 1 Year(s)Domain: truthaboutqatar.comThis a service item.$9.99$7.99$0.001$0.00$15.983102-1.COM Domain Name Registration - 2 Years(recurring)Length: 2 Year(s)Domain: qatarexposed.comThis a service item.$29.98$27.98$0.361$0.00$28.3447001-1Private Registration ServicesLength: 1 Year(s)Domain: qatarexposed.comThis a service item.$9.99$7.99$0.001$0.00$15.98GD 000009
Annex 159
Legal Receipt for Shopper ID 159344664RowLabelNameUnitPriceToday'sPriceICANNFeeQtyExtraDisc.TotalPrice5102-1.COM Domain Name Registration - 2 Years(recurring)Length: 2 Year(s)Domain: qataruncovered.comThis a service item.$29.98$27.98$0.361$0.00$28.3467001-1Private Registration ServicesLength: 1 Year(s)Domain: qataruncovered.comThis a service item.$9.99$7.99$0.001$0.00$15.987102-1.COM Domain Name Registration - 2 Years(recurring)Length: 2 Year(s)Domain: qatartruth.comThis a service item.$29.98$27.98$0.361$0.00$28.3487001-1Private Registration ServicesLength: 1 Year(s)Domain: qatartruth.comThis a service item.$9.99$7.99$0.001$0.00$15.989102-1.COM Domain Name Registration - 2 Years(recurring)Length: 2 Year(s)Domain: qatarisaproblem.comThis a service item.$29.98$27.98$0.361$0.00$28.34107001-1Private Registration ServicesLength: 1 Year(s)Domain: qatarisaproblem.comThis a service item.$9.99$7.99$0.001$0.00$15.98111055118-1GoCentral Business - Free MonthLength: 1 Month(s)Domain:This a service item.$0.00$0.00$0.001$0.00$0.00SubtotalShipping & HandlingTaxTotal$221.60$0.00$0.00$221.60GD 000010
Annex 159

Annex 160
Video, posted on Snapchat by Ghanem Abdullah Mattar (undated) (with certified translation)
(Video on CD-ROM located at the back cover of last volume)

(Mark all inaudible or unintelligible conversation as “[inaudible]”)
Title of Clip [video Ghanem Matar July 12 2017 (youtube)]:
Time Stamp
[00:00]
Speaker Transcription
Arabic
Translation
English
[00:00:00] banner scrolling
across the screen
from begging
until end
الإماراتي البطل غانم عبدلله مطر
من أبوظبي
قال كلمة الحق فاعقتلوه.
Emarati hero Ghanem
Abdullah Matar from Abu
Dhabi
He was arrested because he
said the truth.
[00:00:02] Ghanem
Abdullah Matar
اللي يقول قطر مسكرين عليهم وما
يوصلهم أكل وما يوصلهم شيء، لا
أبشركم، حليبهم يوصلهم من بلجيكا.
Some people say that Qatar
is besieged. They don't
receive any food or
anything. No, see, they
receive their milk from
Belgium.
[00:00:08] Ghanem
Abdullah Matar
إذا حليبهم يوصلهم من بلجيكا على
الأقل أكلهم من وين يوصلهم.
If their milk comes from
Belgium at least, where
their food should come
from?
[00:00:12] Ghanem
Abdullah Matar
توني باخد لفة بالاسناب بشوف منو
يبنبع منو يرمز، هاد في ناس في
سالفة قطر كانت بتنبع وتسرب
I'll review Snap Chat to see
who is chatting and who is
talking. In Qatar's issue,
some people were swearing
and insulting.
[00:00:22] Ghanem
Abdullah Matar
ونباها الناس تعرف تتحشم ولا تسب،
ولا تشتم ولا تغلط، لأن قطر أهلنا
وعمر الظفر ما طلع من اللحم.
We want them to be polite
and to stop insulting. Stop
swearing and cursing. We
have kinship ties with our
people in Qatar. Blood is
thicker than water.
[00:00:31] Ghanem
Abdullah Matar
أنا من بداية الموضوع قلتلكم تراها
تيتي تيتي زي ما روحتي جيتي.
Since the begging of this
issue, I told you that it will
end up with nothing.
[00:00:63] Ghanem
Abdullah Matar
ترى قبل سنتين استوت وردت
العلاقات زي السمن على العسل ولا
شيء صار.
Two year ago, relations
went back to normal.
Nothing happened.
[00:00:42] Ghanem
Abdullah Matar
ويلكم أول أسبوع في الأزمة يا ها
القطر يا قطر يا الإرهابين يا سبلان
يا مدري شو ما حد رديتم.
During the first week of the
crisis, people kept saying
"hey Qatar, you Qatar are
terrorists… "you young
people…" you didn't
respond."
Annex 160
Time Stamp [00:00] Speaker Transcription Arabic Translation English [00:00:51] Ghanem Abdullah Matar على العموم هاليوم أخر يوم للمهلة
حق قطر، لكن أنا أقولكم قطر ردت
وقالت انعصي مالكم شيء عندي.
Anyways, today is the last day of the respite of Qatar. But, I tell you, Qatar replied and said you don't have anything to do with me. [00:01:01] Ghanem Abdullah Matar على العموم احتشار الاسناب عندي
يقولون هالموضوع ماله داعي
Generally speaking, in brief, people on Snap Chat say this topic is unimportant. [00:01:06] Ghanem Abdullah Matar لاء أبشركم له داعي علشان الناس
اللي ما بتحس تحس على دمها بس.
No, it's important so that insensible people become more sensible. [00:01:12] Ghanem Abdullah Matar ونقطة مهمة بعد لازم ما ننسى وقفتها
لقطر معنا في حرب اليمن يوم
طرشوا جنودهم اليمن.
One important point that we should not forget, Qatar stood by our side in Yemen War when they sent their soldiers to Yemen. [00:01:21] Ghanem Abdullah Matar يوم شافوا أن قطر ما افتكرت في
المطالب ولا بعد عطاتها لفتة نظر
ولا سوتلها سالفة.
Today, they believe that Qatar neither responded nor considered the requests. [00:01:30] Ghanem Abdullah Matar اللي حاب أقولكم أياه في ناس تقود
وناس تقاد وهذه قطر أثبتت لنا أنها ما
تنقاد تقود شعبها وما حد يقودها
I would like to tell you that some people lead and some others are led. Here is Qatar proving that it will never be led. It leads its people but nobody leads it.
Annex 160
Annex 160

Annex 161
Compendium of Social Media Posts
(with certified translation)

SocialMediaCompendiumIndexIndexNo.WebsiteDateSourcePosition1.Twitter17August2017AnwarGargash@AnwarGargashUAEGovernment2.Twitter10October2017AnwarGargash@AnwarGargashUAEGovernment3.Twitter10October2017AnwarGargash@AnwarGargashUAEGovernment4.Twitter11December2018AnwarGargash@AnwarGargashUAEGovernment5.Twitter14December2018AnwarGargash@AnwarGargashUAEGovernment6.Twitter19September2018AnwarGargash@AnwarGargashUAEGovernment7.Twitter21May2017DhahiKhalfan@Dhali_KhafanUAEGovernment8.Twitter23May2017DhahiKhalfan@Dhali_KhafanUAEGovernment9.Twitter8October2017DhahiKhalfan@Dhali_KhafanUAEGovernment10.Twitter24November2017DhahiKhalfan@Dhali_KhafanUAEGovernment11.Twitter24November2017DhahiKhalfan@Dhali_KhafanUAEGovernment12.Twitter6February2018DhahiKhalfan@Dhali_KhafanUAEGovernment13.Twitter7August2018DhahiKhalfan@Dhali_KhafanUAEGovernment14.Twitter8August2018DhahiKhalfan@Dhali_KhafanUAEGovernment15.Twitter8August2018DhahiKhalfan@Dhali_KhafanUAEGovernment16.Twitter28August2018DhahiKhalfan@Dhali_KhafanUAEGovernment
Annex 161
2IndexNo.WebsiteDateSourcePosition17.Twitter1September2018DhahiKhalfan@Dhali_KhafanUAEGovernment18.Twitter1September2018DhahiKhalfan@Dhali_KhafanUAEGovernment19.Twitter1September2018DhahiKhalfan@Dhali_KhafanUAEGovernment20.Twitter5September2018DhahiKhalfan@Dhali_KhafanUAEGovernment21.Twitter13October2018DhahiKhalfan@Dhali_KhafanUAEGovernment22.Twitter20October2018DhahiKhalfan@Dhali_KhafanUAEGovernment23.Twitter23October2018DhahiKhalfan@Dhali_KhafanUAEGovernment24.Twitter23October2018DhahiKhalfan@Dhali_KhafanUAEGovernment25.Twitter28October2018DhahiKhalfan@Dhali_KhafanUAEGovernment26.Twitter12November2018DhahiKhalfan@Dhali_KhafanUAEGovernment27.Twitter17November2018DhahiKhalfan@Dhali_KhafanUAEGovernment28.Twitter9December2018DhahiKhalfan@Dhali_KhafanUAEGovernment29.Twitter9December2018DhahiKhalfan@Dhali_KhafanUAEGovernment30.Twitter18February2019DhahiKhalfan@Dhali_KhafanUAEGovernment31.Twitter18February2019DhahiKhalfan@Dhali_KhafanUAEGovernment32.Twitter7March2019DhahiKhalfan@Dhali_KhafanUAEGovernment33.Twitter4April2019DhahiKhalfan@Dhali_KhafanUAEGovernment
Annex 161
3IndexNo.WebsiteDateSourcePosition34.Twitter5April2019DhahiKhalfan@Dhali_KhafanUAEGovernment35.Twitter5April2019DhahiKhalfan@Dhali_KhafanUAEGovernment36.Twitter16August2018HamadMazroui@uae_3GUAEGovernment37.Twitter14September2018HamadMazrouei@HMazroueiUAEGovernment38.Twitter12September2018HamadMazrouei@uae_3GUAEGovernment39.Twitter19September2018HamadMazrouei@HMazroueiUAEGovernment40.Twitter29September2018HamadMazrouei@HMazroueiUAEGovernment41.Video12December2018HamadAlMazroui@uae_3GUAEGovernment42.Twitter18January2019HamadAlMazroui@uae_3GUAEGovernment43.Twitter8March2019HamadAlMazroui@uae_3GUAEGovernment44.Twitter26June2017SultanAliRashedLootah@slootahUAEGovernment45.Website27October2018Al-IttihadEmaratiyaJournalUAEMediaNews46.Twitter15October2018SkyNewsArabia@skynewsarabiaUAEMediaNews47.TwitterandYoutube2February2019Al-jazeeraNashratukom+@qatari2209UAERelatedNews48.Twitter30January2019EmirofArab@emirofarabUAERelatedNews49.Twitter30January2019MiddleEastMonitor@MiddleEastMntUAERelatedNews
Annex 161
4IndexNo.WebsiteDateSourcePosition50.Twitter30January2019Mohd@mBinAmmarUAERelatedNews51.Twitter30January2019Sonia@SoniaoryxUAERelatedNews52.Twitter30January2019SaqibAliHameed@SaqibAliHameed1UAERelatedNews53.Twitter30January2019ZiadAhmed@Ziadh25UAERelatedNews54.Twitter5June2017HassanSajwani@HSajwanizationPrivateIndividual55.Twitter5June2017HassanSajwani@HSajwanizationPrivateIndividual56.Twitter8July2018HassanSajwani@HSajwanizationPrivateIndividual57.Twitter20October2018HassanSajwani@HSajwanizationPrivateIndividual58.Twitter20October2018HassanSajwani@HSajwanizationPrivateIndividual59.Twitter21October2018HassanSajwani@HSajwanizationPrivateIndividual60.Twitter23May2017AliNaimi@DralnoamiPrivateIndividual61.Twitter24May2017AliNoaimi@DralnoamiPrivateIndividual62.Twitter28May2017MajedalRaeesi@majedalraeesi1PrivateIndividual63.Twitter2November2018MajedalRaeesi@majedalraeesi1PrivateIndividual64.Twitter6November2018AbdullaAlbaloushi@Abdulla_jumavipPrivateIndividual65.Twitter17December2018AbdullaAlbaloushi@Abdulla_jumavipPrivateIndividual66.Twitter20December2018AbdullaAlbaloushi@Abdulla_jumavipPrivateIndividual
Annex 161
5IndexNo.WebsiteDateSourcePosition67.Twitter25December2018AbdullaAlbaloushi@Abdulla_jumavipPrivateIndividual68.Twitter25November2017AliALHammadi@Ha…/[email protected]@Musabbeh7777PrivateIndividual71.Twitter22October2018HamoodBinhamad-@hamoodbinhamadPrivateIndividual72.Twitter3January2019Al-Saeqa@UAEd9PrivateIndividual73.Twitter7July2017NasserAl-Niyadi@nasser4556PrivateIndividual74.Twitter6July2017NasserAl-Niyadi@nasser4556PrivateIndividual75.Twitter10July2017MoonaGhareeb@Mona_GhareebPrivateIndividual76.Twitter28March2018TaimAlFalasi@3litamimPrivateIndividual77.Twitter27January2019Al_Azy@el3azy22PrivateIndividual78.Twitter21August2018Khalidal-Raeesi@khalid_kfnPrivateIndividual79.Twitter28December2017Nawal@AlhouliNPrivateIndividual80.Twitter12June2018misho86elkady@misho86elkadyPrivateIndividual
Annex 161
Index No. 001 Dr. Anwar Gargash @AnwarGargash Brother Saud al‐Qahtani is an important voice in the Qatar crisis, and following him is imperative, and the sell‐outs try but will not succeed in attacking him, and his tweet about the 'blacklist' is extremely important. Dr. Anwar Gargash @AnwarGargash Brother Saud al‐Qahtani is an important voice in the Qatar crisis, and following him is imperative, and the sell‐outs try but will not succeed in attacking him, and his tweet about the 'blacklist' is extremely important. Index No. 001
Annex 161
Index No. 002
Annex 161
Index No. 003
Annex 161
Index No. 004 Dr. Anwar Gargash @AnwarGargash ‐ Dec 11 We have become accustomed to the duplicity and exploitativeness of Qatari policy, and we have seen it at the Riyadh Summit. It continues to harm and incite against its neighbors, while at the same time searching for reconciliation “in words.” It is a position that ignores the suffering of Qatari citizens and cares mostly for the legacy of the previous Emir, when the regional theater was a target for his conspiracies and dreams. Dr. Anwar Gargash @AnwarGargash ‐ Dec 11 We have become accustomed to the duplicity and exploitativeness of Qatari policy, and we have seen it at the Riyadh Summit. It continues to harm and incite against its neighbors, while at the same time searching for reconciliation “in words.” It is a position that ignores the suffering of Qatari citizens and cares mostly for the legacy of the previous Emir, when the regional theater was a target for his conspiracies and dreams. Index No. 004
Annex 161
Index No. 005Dr.AnwarGargashThemethodicalQataricampaignagainstSaudiArabiaanditsleadershipisnotneworsurprising,butitisthereproductionofDoha’srecordedanddocumentedapproachoftargetingitsneighbors.AnditislogicalthattheTurkishroleinseekingtotargetRiyadhwillharmAnkara'spositionintheregionandcontributetothedeclineofitsinfluence.AnwarGargashThemethodicalQataricampaignagainstSaudiArabiaanditsleadershipisnotneworsurprising,butitisthereproductionofDoha’srecordedanddocumentedapproachoftargetingitsneighbors.AnditislogicalthattheTurkishroleinseekingtotargetRiyadhwillharmAnkara'spositionintheregionandcontributetothedeclineofitsinfluence.Index No. 005
Annex 161
Index No. 006 Dr. Anwar Gargash It is important to read the comments of Qatari intellectuals regarding Al-Jazeera channel. In their opinion, it is an imposed model that has deviated away from its path, and it has become a deformation of squares and beacons. The voice of the people of Qatar has become absent from the platforms of Al-Jazeera, thus aggravating and deepening their crisis. What the revolutionaries of Al Jazeera want is to continue to earn their living, whereas Qatar itself and its isolation is of secondary importance to them. 7:18 pm - 19 September 2018 Follow Dr. Anwar Gargash It is important to read the comments of Qatari intellectuals regarding Al-Jazeera channel. In their opinion, it is an imposed model that has deviated away from its path, and it has become a deformation of squares and beacons. The voice of the people of Qatar has become absent from the platforms of Al-Jazeera, thus aggravating and deepening their crisis. What the revolutionaries of Al Jazeera want is to continue to earn their living, whereas Qatar itself and its isolation is of secondary importance to them. 7:18 pm - 19 September 2018 Follow Index No. 006
Annex 161
Khalfan Tamim @Dhahi_Khalfan Those who aim to be evasive in fighting terrorism, will not get away this time. Khalfan Tamim @Dhahi_Khalfan Those who aim to be evasive in fighting terrorism, will not get away this time. Index No. 007
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Index No. 008Dhahi Khalfan Tamim @Dhahi_Khalfan Qatar’s preference for the Muslim Brotherhood and Iran over Saudi Arabia, UAE, Kuwait and Bahrain is a political disaster!!! Khalfan Tamim @Dhahi_Khalfan Qatar’s preference for the Muslim Brotherhood and Iran over Saudi Arabia, UAE, Kuwait and Bahrain is a political disaster!!! Index No. 008
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Khalfan Tamim @Dhahi_Khalfan If Qatar is deprived from hosting the World Cup, the crisis of Qatar will come to an end. It's a fabricated crisis to get away from it. The cost are much more than anticipated by the Organization of the Two Hamads. Khalfan Tamim @Dhahi_Khalfan If Qatar is deprived from hosting the World Cup, the crisis of Qatar will come to an end. It's a fabricated crisis to get away from it. The cost are much more than anticipated by the Organization of the Two Hamads. Index No. 009
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Index No. 010
Annex 161
Dhahi Khalfan Tamim The Jazeera [island] of terrorism Index No. 010
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Index No. 011 Dhahi Khalfan Tamim @Dhahi _Khalfan The coalition should bombard the machine advocating for terrorism, Daesh, Al Qaeda and Al Nusra Channel. The Jazeera of Terrorism Dhahi Khalfan Tamim @Dhahi _Khalfan The coalition should bombard the machine advocating for terrorism, Daesh, Al Qaeda and Al Nusra Channel. The Jazeera of Terrorism Index No. 011
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Index No. 012 Dhahi Khalfan Tamim Most citizens in Qatar have Saudi or UAE origins... It should be annexed either to the UAE or Saudi Arabia. 1:20 pm - 6 February 2018 834 798 people are talking about this Annex 161
Index No. 013
Dhahi Khalfan Tamim Dhahi Khalfan Tamim Dhahi Khalfan Tamim Dhahi Khalfan Tamim Dhahi Khalfan Tamim One day you will wake up to some good news about Qatar. My question to Qatar is that why did you wreak this havoc? Why did you create this damned Qatari Spring in the Arab World? Our Arab countries are the most precious things we have. Qatar is the size of two airports in Dubai. If Qatar is lost, it means nothing, but the loss of the nation is a serious disaster. A country that harbored terrorists and released them to destroy everything in the Arab World so Erdogan of Turkey will take the reins of the caliphate and Hamad Bin Jassim will take the reins of destruction. Qatar will learn a lesson that it will never forget for being so bold as to attempt to topple the Gulf and Arab leaders and deploy terrorists to destroy our nations. It will backfire ferociously on Qatar. It will suffer greatly. No. 013
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Index No. 014 Dhahi Khalfan Tamim Compare these two men to see equal values. Even if their words are different, they are assassinating our nation. Their allegiance to this promise holds them in friendship, doesn't it? Annex 161
Index No. 015Index No. 015 Dhahi Khalfan Tamim Dhahi Khalfan Tamim Dhahi Khalfan Tamim Dhahi Khalfan Tamim Dhahi Khalfan Tamim Dhahi Khalfan Tamim Dhahi Khalfan Tamim We will expose the role of Qatar to all generations of the Arab world in an upcoming series of lectures. Qatar and the terrorism industry to spread destruction across the Arab World. The role of Qatar in the Arab Spring is exactly the same as the role of an informant who tells the gang that he is one of its men while, in fact, he is an agent of the security services. Qatar was sympathizing with the demonstrators on the face of it, but was actually serving the interests of Israel aiming to create chaos. Doha has recruited all of the agents and informants who were dealing with the Israeli services and employed them at Al Jazeera… people like Jamal Rayan and Faisal. In Doha, there are now a bunch of people who are seeking to sabotage security in the Arab World. This State seems to have enjoyed playing the role of the villain in the region. Smashing the ego of Qatar has now become a national duty. Dr. Anwar Gargash Saif Bin Zayed Al Nahyan #Stc_is_depriving_us_from_our_league Annex 161
Index No. 016 Dhahi Khalfan Tamim @Dhahi_Khalfan - Aug 28 youtu.be/1oRL5BucC5Q This is also what we and all states of the region have seen. It is now time to topple the Qatari regime. The most serious thing Qatar has ever done vis-à-vis the countries in the region. youtube.com Annex 161
Index No. 017
Dhahi Khalfan Tamim Retweeted
Dhahi Khalfan @Dhahi_Khalfan - Sep 1
Do you consider Qatar to be an integral part of the ancient Kingdom of Bahrain?
69% yes
31% no
7,151 votes. Final Results
Dhahi Khalfan Tamim Retweeted Dhahi Khalfan @Dhahi_Khalfan - Sep 1 Do you consider Qatar to be an integral part of the ancient Kingdom of Bahrain? 69% yes 31% no 7,151 votes. Final Results Index No. 017
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Index No. 018
Annex 161
Dhahi Khalfan Tamim This is the location of my grandfather's house that he built in Doha in 1717G before the rise of Al Thani to power in 1850. In other words, my great grandfather Tamim was there before Al Thani in Qatar by 133 years, and Doha was governed by the rule of the Abu Dhabi Sheikhdom at the time. The house of my grandfather Tamim will be recovered sooner or later. Al Khawr Sumaisimah Lusail Doha Al Rayyan Al Wakrah Index No. 018
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Index No. 018Dhahi Khalfan Tamim I want to excavate the structure of my grandfather's house in Doha Annex 161
Index No. 018
Dhahi Khalfan Tamim Now don't make us demand all of our properties because they amount to almost half of Qatar. We just want my grandfathers' house; I could never give that up. Annex 161
Index No. 018Dhahi Khalfan Tamim Retweeted Fares Abu Hamdan Lieutenant General Dhahi Khalfan has the right to demand rent for half of Qatar's area, the property of his ancestors. Annex 161
Index No. 019 Dhahi Khalfan Tamim And the King of Bahrain is the King of the Federal Kingdom of Bahrain Index No. 019 Dhahi Khalfan Tamim And the King of Bahrain is the King of the Federal Kingdom of Bahrain Annex 161
Index No. 019Dhahi Khalfan Tamim Announcement: I declare my admission that Qatar is an integral part of the borders of the noble Kingdom of Bahrain. Annex 161
Index No. 019
Dhahi Khalfan Tamim Qatar must be restored to the original home nation, which is Bahrain. Annex 161
Index No. 020Dhahi Khalfan Tamim @Dhahi_Khalfan We didn’t hack Qatar. Now we are hacking everything in it. Hacking a terrorist organization is something that is permissible by Sharia and the law. 8:05 pm –September 5, 2018 877 681 people are talking about this Annex 161
Index No. 021
Dhahi Khalfan Tamim We have to cancel anything called the "State of Qatar" and make it a subordinate of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia sooner or later... The is the most effective solution. Annex 161
Dhahi Khalfan Tamim How many people are there in Qatar whose rights are violated? Dhahi Khalfan Tamim 0 Qatar is the worst Arab regime known to history No. 022
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Dhahi Khalfan Tamim Qatar bribes foreign elements just to launch statements against the Kingdom for purposes of the two Hamads... We have let the two Hamads be for many years and did not listen to them… They have been excessive in playing with fire and have not been burned. Index No. 023
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Dhahi Khalfan Tamim The exiled Qatar of the two Hamads, due to its misconduct, is watching the progress of leaders around it who are coming together for the good of the region, except for the “Hi, baby” group and “Sharifa’s Supporters.” They are in trouble. No. 024
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Index No. 025 Whoever wishes to reconcile with the Qatar of the two Hamads, let him do so. As for us, we will never reconcile as long as the two Hamads exist. Reconciliation with Qatar in the era of two Hamads is a false conciliation . May King Abdullah bin Abdulaziz rest in peace. Dhahi Khalfan Tamim Dhahi Khalfan Tamim Annex 161
Index No. 026 Shame on Al Jazeera Channel. It has gone too far in treason. Who is supporting it? It's bringing disrespect and disgrace upon itself. They label Al Jazeera "the despicable." They lack every shred of integrity. Dhahi Khalfan Tamim Annex 161
Index No. 027 Dhahi Khalfan Tamim Promoting a culture of hatred = Al Jazeera Channel Spreading a culture of rudeness = Al Jazeera Channel Spreading a culture of corruption = Al Jazeera Channel Spreading a culture of frustration = Al Jazeera Channel…The list is long… Annex 161
Index No. 028Dhahi Khalfan Tamim @Dhahi_Khalfan - Dec 9 The media campaigns against the Gulf rulers and the Arab leaders started from Qatar... More than twenty years and they have not stopped… The patience of the Gulf and Arab countries has run out, and people have begun to attack Qatar... Now Qatar is weeping… Unfortunately, if they were to stop the campaigns against it now, Qatar would continue to attack our Arab states. A shadow cannot be straightened, and a reed is crooked. Annex 161
Index No. 029Dhahi Khalfan Tamim @Dhahi_Khalfan - Dec 9 The culture of the Gulf rulers and people has been not to launch media campaigns against rulers... Qatar has trodden on this Gulf norm and tradition to the point that it is of the utmost importance to treat it the same way. Annex 161
Index No. 030Dhahi Khalfan Tamim  @Dhahi_Khalfan - Feb. 18 In order for Qatar to rejoin the Arab front as a government, it needs national social and psychological rehabilitation to enable it to be harmonious with the Arab nations. It has become addict to violating the rules of political courtesy in respect of our sober Arab values in dealing with the leaders of the people, and it has undermined the Arabs with its media that have depicted them as regressive. Annex 161
Index No. 031Dhahi Khalfan Tamim @Dhahi_Khalfan - Feb 18 The Arab World today is facing an Arab Qatari regime that is mentally ill… and treating it will take a long time. Annex 161
Index No. 032Dhahi Khalfan @Dhahi_Khalfan This recklessness practiced by the Qatari politics will not end until the end of the reckless people in it. Annex 161
Index No. 033DhahiKhalfanTamimQatarwillnotstopunlessArabmilitiaslaunchaconcertedattackonit.ThesemilitiascouldbeassembledfromthecountriesharmedbyQatar’sinterference…TheycanberecruitedtoadvancetowardDoha…sothatthoserulingQatarmayunderstandthatchaosshallbemetwithsimilarchaos.Index No. 033DhahiKhalfanTamimQatarwillnotstopunlessArabmilitiaslaunchaconcertedattackonit.ThesemilitiascouldbeassembledfromthecountriesharmedbyQatar’sinterference…TheycanberecruitedtoadvancetowardDoha…sothatthoserulingQatarmayunderstandthatchaosshallbemetwithsimilarchaos.Annex 161
Index No. 034DhahiKhalfanTamim@Dhahi_KhalfanArm6,000militias,givethemweaponsandsendthemtoQatar…Index No. 034DhahiKhalfanTamim@Dhahi_KhalfanArm6,000militias,givethemweaponsandsendthemtoQatar…Annex 161
Index No. 035DhahiKhalfanTamimDoesQatarwanttoseemilitiasroamingitsstreets?Index No. 035DhahiKhalfanTamimDoesQatarwanttoseemilitiasroamingitsstreets?Annex 161
Index No. 036 Hamad Al Mazrouei @uae_3G | 298,316 followers Al Baqareyeh1 Airway is selling its furniture 😂😂😂😂 [clipped ad not related to tweet] Miscellaneous Used office furniture and electrical appliances for sale Qatar Airways announces the sale of used furniture and electrical appliances. To inspect and for details call 065679444 [clipped ad: Greater Amman Municipality, unrelated to tweet] 1 Translator’s Note: Baqareyeh literally translates as "bovine". It sounds similar to "Qatareyeh" and is meant as an insult. Index No. 036 Hamad Al Mazrouei @uae_3G | 298,316 followers Al Baqareyeh1 Airway is selling its furniture 😂😂😂😂 [clipped ad not related to tweet] Miscellaneous Used office furniture and electrical appliances for sale Qatar Airways announces the sale of used furniture and electrical appliances. To inspect and for details call 065679444 [clipped ad: Greater Amman Municipality, unrelated to tweet] Annex 161
Index No. 037Hamad Al Mazrouei @HMazrouei The fastest way to spread lies is to use carrier pigeons… the telephone... the internet… However, if you are in a hurry, use Al Jazeera Channel. Hamad Al Mazrouei @HMazrouei If the devil fails to infiltrate anywhere, he sends a member of the Muslim Brotherhood movement. Annex 161
VideoonCD-ROMlocatedatthebackcoveroflastvolume.Index No. 038HamadAl-Mazrouei@uae_3GThemomentthe“Sammad”strikes.Hereistheprecisionofthebombardment,Qatar…[videoclip]Annex 161
Index No. 039 Mueedh Al Rafdi If the regime of #The_Two_Hamads falls in #Qatar, I vow to slaughter 30 camels and donate them for God's sake… On the occasion of saving the world from the terrorist leadership #Al_Jazeera_hosts_mercenaries. Index No. 039 Mueedh Al Rafdi If the regime of #The_Two_Hamads falls in #Qatar, I vow to slaughter 30 camels and donate them for God's sake… On the occasion of saving the world from the terrorist leadership #Al_Jazeera_hosts_mercenaries. Annex 161
Index No. 040
Annex 161
Hamad Al Mazrouei Retweeted قطریة أصیلة [Authentic Qatari] @H21Qatar - Sep 29
The name of Qatar has been taken down from the signs on Al-Ahsa #Salwa Highway in preparation to replace it with the phrase "Al Jazeera of Qatar"! Whether you get this or not, it’s your problem. #Hafar Al Majd #East_Salwa_Island Index No. 040
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VideoonCD-ROMlocatedatthebackcoveroflastvolume.Index No. 041TitleofClip[02-12-17-20184-35-35PM_tweet_Dec10_AR]:TimeStamp[00:00]SpeakerTranscription[Arabic]Translation[English][On screen] حمد المزروعي
أبناء زاید
لحظھ وصول مندوب قطر امس في
القمة.
HamadAlMazrouiSonsofZayedThemomentQatarrepresentativearrivedatthesummityesterdayIndex Annex 161
Index No. 042Hamad Al Mazroui @uae_3G - Jan 18 The number of first-class original Qatari nationals is 100,000 and there are 100,000 from the second class, according to their passports and citizenships. This is why the idea of elections has been postponed several times despite Hamad Bin Khalifa and his son’s promises; the number is small and they do not want to expand the elections to the second class. Annex 161
Index No. 043Hamad Al Mazroui @uae_3G There is not a single Qatari at Dubai Mall today … Annex 161
Index No. 044 Every dollar spent at Harrods contributes to the death of innocent people… Do not stand with the terrorist state… Stand with us and #boycott_the_Qatari_Harrods Sultan Ali Rashid Lootah Annex 161
Index No. 045Index No. 045Caricature #Caricature_Ittihad October 27, 2018 – 08:57 PM Qatar’s Regime [Al Jazeera logo] [signature:] Sharif Arafa Annex 161
VideoonCD-ROMlocatedatthebackcoveroflastvolume.Index No. 046Tweet(English(Tweet(Arabic(@skynewsarabia#SuspiciousDeals…Thefinancingofterrorists,kidnapping,hostage-taking,andsecretdealsallrevealQatar’sroleinshiftingthecourseoftheSyrianconflict#SkyDocumentaries“TheSubversiveprojectintheMiddleEast(Part3)…”#SuspiciousDealsskynewsarabia.com/video/1190420-3TimeStamp[00:00]SpeakerTranscription[Arabic]Translation[English]00:00-00:03 Narrator عملیات خطفٍ واحتجاز رھائن Kidnappings, hostage-taking,
00:04-00:07 Narrator وتبادل معتقلین وصفقاتٌ سریة عدیدة prisoner exchanges, and
numeroussecretdeals00:08-00:10 Narrator رافقت تحولات الحرب في سوریا have accompanied the shifts
inthewarinSyria,00:11-00:16 Narrator وتركت آثارھا عمیقًا على مسارات
الصراع وعلى حیاة السوریین.
havingaprofoundimpactonthedevelopmentoftheconflictandonthelivesofSyrians.00:17-00:22 Narrator فما حقیقة الأدوار التي لعبتھا
الأطراف الخارجیة في تلك الصفقات؟
Whatrolesdidtheexternalpartiesplayinthesedeals?00:23-00:26 Narrator ؟ وما ھو دور حكام قطر وحلفائھم فیھا What is the role of Qatar’s
rulersandtheiralliesinsaiddeals?00:27-00:30 Narrator ؟ وكیف حولت مجرى الصراع And how did they change
thecourseoftheconflict?00:27-end Title on screen الصفقات المشبوھة Suspicious Deals
Annex 161
VideoonCD-ROMlocatedatthebackcoveroflastvolume.Index No. 047TitleofClip[04-@qatari2209AbuDhabipolicechasingOmanisupportersandseizedaQatariflag_AR]:TimeStamp[00:00]SpeakerTranscription[Arabic]Translation[English][On screen] الكولونیل
الجمھور العماني الشقیق ورقم مطارات
الشرطھ لھم لاحتفالھم بفوز المنتخب
القطري ورفع علم دولة قطر إلا أنھم
رفضوا التوقف وأصروا على الاحتفال
ورفع علم دولة قطر في عقر دار
#أعیال_النعاشة كفووو علیكم یا أعیال
قابوس وھذه مو غریبھ علیكم.
Thecolonel:TheneighboringOmanipeoplerefusedtostopandinsistedoncelebratingeventhoughthepoliceischasingthemforraisingtheQatariflag.Theydidsointransigently,rightatthehomeofthesonsofNa’asha.KudostoyousonsofQaboos,that’snotnewtoyou.00:03Crowd[inaudible]00:11 [On screen] الشرطھ تبي توقفھم Police wants to stop
them00:34UnidentifiedMale[inaudible]00:41UnidentifiedMaleھذا علم قطر This is the Qatari Flag
Annex 161
Index No. 048
Annex 161
Index No. 049
Annex 161
Index No. 050
Annex 161
VideoonCD-ROMlocatedatthebackcoveroflastvolume.Index No. 051
Annex 161
Index No. 052
Annex 161
Index No. 053
Annex 161
Index No. 054
Annex 161
Index No. 055
Annex 161
Index No. 056
Annex 161
"#SalwaCanal Arab quartet's silent message to #Qatar"-my latest piece in @gulf_news on #SaudiArabia will turn #Qatar from peninsula to an #island, another #Qatari failure as @AnwarGargash said #East_Salwa_island #Bahraini_Salwa_Canal #QatarCrisis Gulfnews.com/opinion.thinke… Index No. 056
Annex 161
Index No. 057
Annex 161
Hassan Sajwani #Qatar_is_drowning #Doha_is_drowning Index No. 057
Annex 161
Index No. 058
Annex 161
Index No. 059Hassan Sajwani #AbuDhabi's @oloumaldar covering the flooded roads and infrastructure of #Doha Oloumaldar @Oloumaldar #Qatar… The regime has directed its funds to supporting terrorism instead of building infrastructure. #Oloum_Al_Dar Qatar Activists publish shocking photos of the flooding of the streets of Doha with rainwater …leasing them to Israel in accordance with the Peace Accord | Israel’s Prime Minister: We will negotiate… Abu Dhabi TV No. 059
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VideoonCD-ROMlocatedatthebackcoveroflastvolume.Index No. 060
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TitleofClip[06-AliNuaimiMay232017postedthefakenewsthatappearedonQatarTV_AR]:TimeStamp[00:00]SpeakerTranscription[Arabic]Translation[English][On screen] د. علي النعیمي
شریط التلفزیون القطري ینشر
#تصریحات_تمیم في الشریط
أسفل الشاشة فھل تم اختراق
التفلفزیون القطري أیضا؟
التلفزیون الرسمي القطري یبث
تصریحات تمیم.
حضرة صاحب السمو الشیخ
تمیم بن حمد ال ثاني أمیر البلاد
المفدى ما نتعرض لھ قطرس
حملة ظالمة تزامنت مع زیارة
الرئیس الأمریكي إلى المنطقة
وتستھدف ربطھا بالإرھاب
وتشویھ جھودھا في تحقیق
الاستقرار معروفة الأسباب
والدوافع وسنلاحق القائمین
علیھا من دول ومنظمات حمایة
للدور الرائد لقطر إقلیمیا ودولیا
وبما یحفظ كرامتھا وكرامة
شعبھا.
أمیر البلاد المفدى الخطر
الحقیقي ھو سلوك بعض
الحكومات التي سببت الإرھاب
بتبنیھا لنسخة متطرفة من
الإسلام لا تمثل حقیقتھ السمحة.
أمیر البلاد المفدى الخطر
الحقیقي ھو سلوك بعض
الحكومات التي سببت الإرھاب
بتبنیھا لنسخة متطرفة من
الإسلام.
Dr.AliAlNuaimiThenewslineinQatarTVisbroadcasting#Tamim’s_Statementsatthebottomofthescreen,hasQatarTVbeenhackedtoo?HisHighnessSheikhTamim;sonofHamadAlThani,theprince:WhatQatarisfacingisanunfaircampaignthatcoincidedwiththeAmericanpresident'svisittotheregion.Itaimedatlinkingittoterrorismanddistortingitseffortstoachievestability.Thecausesandmotivesareknown,wewillchasethosewhoincitedthemwhethertheyaredrivenbycountriesorotherorganizationstoprotecttheleadingroleofQatarregionallyandinternationally,inawaythatpreservesitsdignityandthedignityofitspeople.Theprince:TherealdangerliesinthebehaviorofsomegovernmentsthatcausedterrorismbyadoptinganextremeversionofIslamthatdoesnotrepresentthepeacefultruthofIslam.Theprince:TherealdangerliesinthebehaviorofsomegovernmentsthatcausedterrorismbyadoptinganextremeversionofIslam.00:02 Unidentified إلى التفاصیل. شھد حضرة To details: His Highness the
Index No. 060
Annex 161
TimeStamp[00:00]SpeakerTranscription[Arabic]Translation[English]Female صاحب السمو الشیخ تمیم بن
حمد آل ثاني أمیر البلاد المفدى
حفل تخریج الدفعة الثامنة من
مجندي الخدمة الوطنیة في
میدان معسكر الشمال. حضر
الحفل عدد من أصحاب السعادة
الوزراء وكبار المسؤولین
العسكریین وقادة القوات
المسلحة ووزارة الداخلیة
والضباط وضباط الصف
وأولیاء أمور منتسبي الخدمة
الوطنیة. وكرّم حضرة صاحب
السمو أمیر البلاد المفدى
المتمیزین الأوائل من مجندي
الكتیبة الأولى حملة الشھادة
الجامعیة ومجندي الكتیبة الثانیة
حملة الشھادة الثانویة.
princeSheikhTamim;sonHamadAlThaniattendedthegraduationceremonyoftheeighthgroupofnationalservicerecruitsinthesquareofNorthCamp.Theceremonywasattendedbyhigh-profiledignitariesincludingministers,seniormilitaryofficials,commandersofthearmedforces,theMinistryoftheInterior,officers,non-commissionedofficersandparentsofnationalservicepersonnel.HisHighnesstheprincehonoredthefirstdistinguishedrecruitsfromthe1stBattalionrecruitswithcollegedegreesandthe2ndbattalionrecruitswithhighschooldegrees.00:43[inaudible]01:16UnidentifiedFemale ھذا وقد ألقى العمید الركن سعید
بن حمد النعیمي رئیس ھیئة
الخدمة الوطنیة كلمة أكد فیھا أن
ما نشھده الیوم ھو ثمرة من
ثمار دعم سمو الأمیر المفدى
المتواصل لمشاریع.
Inaddition,BrigadierGeneralSaeedBinHamadAlNuaimi,ChairmanoftheNationalServiceAuthority,deliveredaspeechinwhichheaffirmedthatwhatweareseeingtodayistheresultofHisHighnessthePrince'scontinuingsupportfortheprojects.Index No. 060
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Index No. 061Dr. Ali Al Noaimi @Dralnoami Certified individual Twitter accounts are restored within minutes, so how then in the case of an official government entity? There will be a lot of fake news to prove that #Tamim’s_statements are fake. Index No. 061Dr. Ali Al Noaimi @Dralnoami Certified individual Twitter accounts are restored within minutes, so how then in the case of an official government entity? There will be a lot of fake news to prove that #Tamim’s_statements are fake. Annex 161
VideoonCD-ROMlocatedatthebackcoveroflastvolume.Index No. 062
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TitleofClip[07-MajedAl-RaeissiMay282017TamimStatementsAR]:TimeStamp[00:00]SpeakerTranscription[Arabic]Translation[languageto][Onscreen] ماجد الرئیسي
مراجعة ل #تصریحات_تمیم وما
الذي یقولھ الواقع!
MajedAlRaeesiReviewof#Tamim’s_Statementsandexaminingtheminrealisticterms00:00MajedAlRaeissi المھمة یكفي التصریح ومن شوف
على الواقع كیف ھل ھم كذابین
ولا كذابین؟ نبدأ أول شي
بالتصریح لیقول في تمیم إن نحن
ما نعتبر ایران كدولة عدوة
وطربتنا علاقات كبیرة ویاھم
الواقع .[inaudible] نفترض
یقول ان في 2007 صارت القمة
الخلیجیة في الدوحة واستضافت
قطر ایران كضبف شرف لھذه
القمة. والواقع بعد یقول ان قطر
ابرمت اتفاقیة عسكریة امنیة مع
ایران في 2015 عن قریب من
سنتین ھذه النقطة الأولى. والواقع
بعد یقول ان وزیر الخارجیة
القطري اجتمع مع قاسم سلیمان
قبل قمة الریاض في بغداد. شو
سوى؟ وبعد ھذا الاجتماع اللي
حصل بینھم شفنا ان الاعلام
المحسوب على قطر حاول انھ
ینتقص من قمة الریاض والنتائج
اللي ترتبت علیھ. والواقع بعد
یقول ان تمیم بالأمس أجرى
اتصال ھاتفي مع الروحاني
الرئیس الإیراني وھنأه بمناسبة
الشھر الفضیل. لیش ما اتصل
للملك ولّا ما رد علیھ. التصریح
الثاني تمیم یقول ان قاعدة العدید
لحمایة قطر من الدول المجاورة.
خلینا نفترض ان ھذا التصریح
مفبرك. خلینا شوف شو بقول
الواقع. الواقع یقول ان الدول
المجاورة لقطر ھم السعودیة
والبحرین والامارات. زین. أي
دولة ھي مجاورة بتشكل خطورة
على قطر؟
نرجع للنقطة الأولى أن قطر
Theimportantthingistoexaminethestatement,sothatwecandecide,onthegrounds,iftheyareliars,orinfact,crooks?Wewillstartwiththefirststatement.TamimsaysthatwedonotconsiderIranasafoeandwehavestrongrelationshipwithIran.Let’sassume[inaudible].Asamatteroffact,in2007,therewasaGulfSummitinDohaandQatarhostedIranasanhonoraryguestforthatsummit.Again,infact,QatarrecentlysignedasecuritymilitaryagreementwithIranin2015,whichwastwoyearsago.That’sthefirstpoint.RealityalsosaysthattheQatariMinisterofforeignaffairsmetwithQassimSolimanbeforetheRiyadhSummitinBaghdad,sowhatdidhedo?Afterthismeetingbetweenthem,wesawthatthemediaoutletsbasedinQatartriedtodetractfromtheRiyadhsummitandtheresultsthatcameoutfromit.RealityalsosaysthatTamimhadcalledtheIranianPresidentAliRohaniandcongratulatedhimontheeveoftheHolymonth.Whydidn’thecalltheking?Ordidhenotanswer?InthesecondStatementTamimsaysthatAlUdeidAirBaseistheretoprotectQatarfromneighboringcountries.Let’sassumethatthisstatementisfabricated.Let’sseewhattherealitysays.TherealityisthatneighboringcountriesofQatarareSaudiArabia,BahrainandtheUAE.Ok?WhichcountyisconsideredtobeposingathreattoQatar?Let’sgobacktothefirstpoint,thatIndex No. 062
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TimeStamp[00:00]SpeakerTranscription[Arabic]Translation[languageto] ابرمت اتفاقیة عسكریة مع ایران.
معناھا الدول اللي تشكل خطورة
على قطر حسب التمیم ھم الدول
الثلاثة. التصریح الثالث اللي
یقول فیھ تمیم ان حزب لله حزب
مقاومة. نفترض انھ مفبرك. زین.
شو یقول الواقع؟ الواقع یقول ان
الامارات والسعودیة مصنفین
حزب لله كمنظمة إرھابیة طیب
لیھ یا قطر لیش ما تصنفون
كمنظمة إرھابیة تشوفیھا
كمقاومة؟ فعلا واقع. تصریحات
تمیم، أن تمیم یقول ان الامارات
والبحرین ومصر لھم سیاسات
مناوءة لقطر یعني نحن ضد قطر.
والواقع یقول ما دام ھذه الدول
الثلاثة تعمل على مكافحة
الإرھاب معناتھا ان ما في دولة
متضررة الّا الدولة لتدعم
الاھاب، إنت یا قطر. فا بسكم
كذب وبلاش كذب یا قطر حتى
مسیلم الكذاب ما براضي یطلع
وسى انتم قدامكم موجودین وحتى
في النسب تكذبون.
QatarhadaMilitaryagreementwithIran.ThatmeansthatthecountriesthatareadangertoQatar,accordingtoTamim,arethethreecountriesnamedabove.ThethirdstatementiswhereTamimsaysthatHezbollahisaresistanceparty.Let’sassumeit’sfabricated,ok?Whatdoesrealitysay?RealitysaysthatUAEandSaudiArabiaconsiderHezbollahasaterroristparty,thenwhydon’tyouQatar,considerthemasterroristparty,andyouseethemasasymbolofresistance?Thatinfactisreality.TamimsaysthatUAE,Bahrain,andEgypthavepoliciesagainstQatar,whichmeans,weareagainstQatar.Realitysaysthataslongasthesethreecountriesareworkingtofightterrorism,whichmeansthatnoothercountrywouldbeharmedexcepttheonesupportingterrorism,youQatar.So,stoplyinganddonotlieQatar,evenMusaylimahtheliarwouldn’twanttocomeoutandliewhenyou’rearound.YouevenlieaboutyourDescent.Index No. 062
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Index No. 063 Majed Al-Raeesi #Qatar has realized that it will not benefit from its campaign against #Saudi_Arabia, so it resorted to its weeping at the international arenas after one week of bullying. As for its people, lions will always remain lions and dogs will remain dogs. Annex 161
Index No. 064 Abdulla Jumaa Al Baloushi Retweeted Dr. Ali Al Nouaimi #UAE_invests_in_the_nation_and_its_nationals. The current achievements and future projects confirm this, while the Qatari regime invests in supporting and financing terrorist groups or buying political positions to protect and harbor terrorists. Annex 161
Index No. 065
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Abdulla Jumaa Al Baloushi Retweeted Khalid Bin Dhahi @KH_KDK - Dec 17 The people of #Qatar must give serious thought to the situation of the Qatari people due to the hostile policies adopted by the Qatari government of Qatar… 1- Isolation of the Qatari people 2- Stigma of terrorism attached to Qatar 3- Qatar's alliance with terrorist groups and entities Abdulla Jumaa Al Baloushi Retweeted Khalid Bin Dhahi @KH_KDK - Dec 17 A rational person begins to celebrate his birthday by remembering his honorable history. Except in #Qatar, the government of Qatar begins its celebrations insulting #Zayed, the Arab icon whose loyalty and love has been witnessed by everybody, may God rest his soul. The government of Qatar has become weak and lives in delusion and incoherence. Abdulla Jumaa Al Baloushi Retweeted Khalid Bin Dhahi @KH_KDK - Dec 17 #Qatar has been hijacked by the #Two_Hamads_Organization and the #Muslim_Brotherhood Organization from the people of Qatar… Rational people must realize that there will be no future for their children if the status quo persists. Index No. 065
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Abdullah Jumaa Al Baloushi Retweeted Saif Bin Dhehai The people of Qatar do only understand obscene words and lowness... I hope tweets will be focused on attacking them because the best defense is to attack them, Tamim, his father, and the mother of wickedness. #Mouzah_the_mother_of_wickedness #Qatar #Qatarael You are not worth a shoe of one of our children… So don’t dream about Al Falahi and his children… #All_but_Zayed No. 066
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Abdulla Jumaa Al Baloushi Retweeted Ali Leytaim @Alileytaim - Dec 25 It would be better for #Qatar to call upon its terrorist regime and medial political mercenaries of all kinds to stop abusing all of humankind, for the world has had enough of their terrorism, and this is the real insult to the peoples!! As for dismissively praying that he would stop using verbal abuse, this simply reflects the value of the person who utter them. As for us, we don’t pay attention to that at all! Almajliss  @Almajlliss Qatar calls on its nationals to refrain from abusing and reciprocating and to refrain from attacking the icons and peoples of other countries through the different social media websites. No. 067Index No. 067
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@HammadiADThethingIwishmostnowisforQatartobebombedsothatitsbuildingsareleveledtotheground.Iwishthataswell,mayitperishwiththoseinitInresponseto@HammadiAD11/25/2017,10:25p.m.1045Index No. 068Index No. 068@HammadiADThethingIwishmostnowisforQatartobebombedsothatitsbuildings…,mayitperishwiththoseinitInresponseto@HammadiAD11/25/2017,10:25p.m.1045Index Annex 161
Index No. 069MayyouwakeuptothedestructionofQatar,sothattheworldmayrestfromitanditsevilIndex No. 069MayyouwakeuptothedestructionofQatar,sothattheworldmayrestfromitanditsevilIndex Annex 161
Index No. 070 Abu Saoud Bou Dhiyab Al-Imarati The status of Qatar's donkeys on Twitter No. 070
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Index No. 071Index No. 071 Abdulla Jumaa Al-Baloushi Retweeted Hamood Hamad Al-Ghabri @hamoodbinhamad • 20h #Qatar_threatens_the_security_of_Britain Abdulla Jumaa Al-Baloushi Retweeted Hamood Hamad Al-Ghabri @hamoodbinhamad • 20h #Qatar_threatens_the_security_of_Britain #Qatar does not work as respected governments work in clear ways, but always uses twisted methods and tricks of fraud and deception to destroy the internal security of all countries, especially its neighboring countries. Annex 161
Index No. 072Al-SaeqaTheQatarisin#Qatarmustunderstandthattheyareostracizedandthattheirdreamoforganizingthe#QatarWorldCup2020willsimplyevaporateeveryday,becausetheworldknowsthatQatarsupportsterrorismsincebeforetheeventsof9/11untilthisdayAl-ArabiyaCrisisbecauseofthestatementsfromAl-Yousefregarding#Kuwaitrefusingtoparticipatein#QatarWorldCup2022inobjectiontotheIsraelisandthealcoholIndex No. 072Al-SaeqaTheQatarisin#Qatarmustunderstandthattheyareostracizedandthattheirdreamoforganizingthe#QatarWorldCup2020willsimplyevaporateeveryday,becausetheworldknowsthatQatarsupportsterrorismsincebeforetheeventsof9/11untilthisdayAl-ArabiyaCrisisbecauseofthestatementsfromAl-Yousefregarding#Kuwaitrefusingtoparticipatein#QatarWorldCup2022inobjectiontotheIsraelisandthealcoholIndex Annex 161
Index No. 073Nasser Ali Al Neyadi #Traitor_Ghanem_Abdulla_Mattar: He was brought up and educated on its soil, and comes and attacks it. Shame on you, traitor. The UAE, when it strikes, it strikes forcefully together with Saudi Arabia, Bahrain and Egypt. See Nasser Ali Al Neyadi's other Tweets Annex 161
Index No. 074 Nasser Ali Al Neyadi @nasser4556 - Jul 6, 2017 #Traitor_Ghanem_Abdulla_Mattar: He was brought up and educated on its soil and comes and attacks it. Shame on you, traitor. The UAE, when it strikes, it strikes forcefully together with Saudi Arabia, Bahrain, and Egypt. Nasser Ali Al Neyadi @nasser4556 - Jul 6, 2017 Replying to @watan_usa May the #Traitor_Ghanem_Abdulla_Mattar burn in hell Annex 161
Index No. 075
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Mona Ghareeb @Mona_Ghareeb - 10 Jul 2017 Replying to @AmenstyAR Who are you to demand a pardon for him? The statement by the Public Prosecutor of the State is clear with respect to sympathizing with #Qatar. We stand by our government in all of its decisions, so don't interfere in something that is none of your business. Statement from the Prosecutor General regarding objection to state positions The Prosecutor General warns against any participations, verbal or written, on social media websites or any other medium that express any sympathy for the State of Qatar and any protestation against the UAE and the other states that have taken decisive positions against the government of Mona Ghareeb @Mona_Ghareeb - 10 Jul 2017 Replying to @dalal505Q @AmenstyAR I swear by He who Raised the Heavens that if one of my siblings or family stood against the decisions of the state, by God, I would turn him in myself… Loyalty to country is difficult for people like you Index No. 075
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Index No. 076Index No. 076Taim Al Falasi Retweeted Ali Bin Tamim @3litamim - Mar 28 Saudi Arabia and the UAE are working together, one heart beating with brotherhood. The faith in fate that they have between them irritates some and make them unable to sleep. There will come a day when #The_Two_Hamads_Organization will learn that it should have saided with the truth and apologized to those that it has conspired against, and know that this buffoon and his likes have led it to the roads to perdition. Tomorrow is coming. Jamal Rayan @Jamalrayyan #Saudi_Arabia can never be Emirati. There will come a day when Saudi Arabia, with its great standing, prestige, and respect will apologize for its blockade of Qatar. There will come a day when it will regret being dragged by the UAE into trivialities, bickering, and follies at the expense of its sovereignty and national dignity. You will see. May God preserve Saudi Arabia and its people. ##Gulf Annex 161
VideoonCD-ROMlocatedatthebackcoveroflastvolume.Index No. 077TitleofClip[05-al_Azyjan272019videoshowingthelonglinesofEmiratisupportersAR]:TimeStamp[00:00]SpeakerTranscription[Arabic]Translation[English][On screen] العازي
ھذا الحماس في نقاط توزرع التذاكر
لمباراة منتخبنا الوطني رسالتھ واضحة
الثلاثاء
یوم للحماااااس
یوم للدفاااان
یوم الجلددددد
الكرة فوز وخسارة #نعم
لكن أقسم أنھا لن تنمر بسلام
WelcometotheHellشوف یا الطاجیكي
@khalidjassem74#بالروح_للنھائي_نروح #نخلص_مع اً
ElAazyThissenseofenthusiasmattheticketdistributionpointsforournationalteamisacleartestamentTuesdayDayforexcitementDayforburialDayforpatienceSoccertrulyiseithertowinortolose#yesButIswearitwillnotpasspeacefullyWelcometoHellTakealookAktajeeki@khalidjassem74#we’llgotofinalswithoursouls#we’llfinishtogether00:00Crowd[inaudible](Note:Repeated)Annex 161
Index No. 078Khalid Al-Rayesi @khalid_kfn Al-Mazrou'i, when will they give out visas to some Qatari women to work as servants at our homes? Better them than other nationalities. Index No. 078Khalid Rayesi kfn will they give out visas to some Qatari women to work as servants at our homes? Better them nationalities. Index No. 078
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Index No. 079
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Here is a Qatari girl coming to earn her living in the United Arab Emirates, just like other Qatari women. Qatari girls did not find any men in Qatar and came to look for them in the UAE. The small State of Qatar is used to raise "cheap" people. Sara Al-Masoudi Qatari, 26 years, resident Sara Al-Masoudi Qatari, 26 years, resident of the UAE. [illegible] [illegible] Sulaiman Al-Marry, 27 year-old divorced, Qatari woman… [illegible] Sulaiman Al-Marry, 27 year-old divorced, Qatari woman, resident of the UAE, looking for a man of the same age to marry her, in accordance to the Book of God and the Sunnah of His Messenger and who accepts to live with her. [illegible] Index No. 079
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Index No. 080Index No. 080Index Annex 161
Annex 161

Annex 162
Expert Report of Dr. J.E. Peterson,
dated 9 April 2019

1 NATIONAL ORIGINS AND NATIONAL IDENTITY IN QATARDr. J.E. Peterson 9 April 2019
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2 About the Author I am a historian and political scientist with expertise in Gulf politics and history, including state formation and tribes. My career began with a Ph.D. in international relations (focusing on Middle East Studies) from the Johns Hopkins University School of Advanced International Studies (“SAIS”) in the United States and continued with teaching in other U.S. universities such as Bowdoin College, the College of William and Mary, and the University of Pennsylvania. I have also taught at Sciences Po in France, in addition to affiliations with several prominent think-tanks and lengthy employment by the Sultanate of Oman. I have published a dozen books on the Arabian Peninsula and Gulf, dealing with such subjects as contemporary history, state formation, political participation, and Gulf and national security. My most recent books are The Emergence of the Gulf States: Studies in Modern History (ed., 2016) and Saudi Arabia Under Ibn Saud: Financial and Economic Foundations of the State (2018). Three publications are particularly germane to this opinion: “Tribes and Politics in Eastern Arabia” (1977), “Qatar and the World: Branding for a Micro-State” (2006), and “Yemen: The Tribes, the State, and the Unravelling” (2016). My expertise has most recently been recognized by my participation in a workshop on tribe and the State in the Middle East at the London School of Economics (June 2018). A copy of my curriculum vitae is attached as Appendix A to this report.
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3 Table of Contents I. Overview: The Roots of Qatari National Identity in the Context of State Formation in the Gulf ............................................................................................................................. 4 II. Social and Political Organization in the Gulf Prior to the Era of the Nation-State ....... 5 A. Tribal Ethos in the Gulf................................................................................................................ 6 B. The British Role in State Formation. .......................................................................................... 11 C. The Initial Impact of the Oil Era. ................................................................................................ 11 III. The Historical Development of Qatari Identity and the Qatari State .......................... 12 A. Mid 1700s – Early 1900s ........................................................................................................... 12 B. Pre-Oil Social and Political Distinctions vs. Oil-Era Changes ..................................................... 13 C. The Qatari People ...................................................................................................................... 15 D. The Emergence of a National Identity ........................................................................................ 16 IV. Nationality and Identity in the Gulf .............................................................................. 18 V. Conclusion: The Existence of a Distinct Qatari Identity or National Origin ............... 21 Annex 162
4 I.Overview: The Roots of Qatari National Identity in the Context of State Formation in the Gulf 1.My opinion concerns the concepts of nation, national origin, nationalism, and national identity in the context of the historical evolution of Qatar. Key to understanding this process of evolution is the origins and persistence of a “Gulf ethos” centered on Arab tribal bedouin background, which formed the foundations of Qatari society. The existence of a tribal and mostly bedouin society centered on the Qatari peninsula served as the basis for the creation of a unique Qatari political entity and identity. While the emergence of a Qatari State, led by the Al Thani family, began only in the 19th century, the foundations of a national identity were present already. The impact of political and social change in both the pre-oil and early oil eras reinforced the sense of a distinct Qatari identity, which succeeding decades have strengthened and deepened. 2.The concepts of “national,” “national origin,” “nationality,” and “nation-State,” are new to the Gulf States, emerging around the beginning of the oil era in the mid-20th century.1Their impetus can be termed “legal” rather than “ideological” or “emotional,” in that their emergence was the consequence of two roughly simultaneous impulses: the consolidation of a primary political role by certain tribes and shaykhly families and the impact of the British.2 The term “national origin” does not possess a specific or authoritative scholarly definition but it is often used, as here, to refer to the historically-based commonality of members of a social and political community who perceive themselves as belonging to the same nation. In this sense, national origin underpins the 1 The term “Gulf States” as used here refers particularly to the four smaller member States of the Gulf Cooperation Council (“GCC”), that is, Kuwait, Bahrain, Qatar and the UAE. It may extend to Saudi Arabia and Oman on occasion. 2 See J.E. Peterson, “Tribes and Politics in Eastern Arabia,” 31 Middle East Journal (1977) 297, pp. 297–312. Annex 162
5 notion of a nation, whose members or citizens share the same nationality. While citizenship or nationality in the legal or political sense confers Qatari legal identity, the sense of who is a Qatari and who is not extends well beyond formal citizenship. There has long existed in Qatar a common identity that, although blending into ties beyond the Qatar peninsula, created a sense of “us” versus “them.” Over the course of the 20thcentury, this commonality gradually intensified into a feeling of nationalism, of distinct Qatari identity.3 The following discussion demonstrates how this evolution occurred and what it means to be a Qatari today by tracing the following elements: the Gulf ethos; the British role in state formation; social organization in the Gulf with emphasis on the fundamental role of tribes and bedouin; the historical origins and evolution of Qatar; examination of who constitute Qataris; and the emergence and development of a Qatari national identity. II.Social and Political Organization in the Gulf Prior to the Era of the Nation-State 3.As noted above, the predominant—and State-promoted—ethos of national myths4 in the Gulf is without question centered on Arab tribal bedouin origin and background. Tribes in the Gulf constitute a fundamental component of life in the region and bear little or no relation to the largely anthropological opinion that tribes, as in Africa, are a creation of 3 The term “nationalism” has acquired a rather pejorative connotation, particularly due to its association with the more specific concept of integral nationalism, where individual rights of the citizens are subordinated to the needs of the State, as in the Fascist regimes of the 20th century. The use of the term here relies on the concept of liberal nationalism, whereby a group or groups of people assume a shared identity on the basis of common history, ethnicity, religion, culture, or other self-perceived unity to form a “nation” that ideally is expressed politically within a nation-State. Thus, the emergence of nationalism is a prerequisite for the creation of a nation-State. As Benedict Anderson remarks, “Nation, nationality, nationalism – all have proved notoriously difficult to define, let alone to analyse.” He goes on to say that “[i]n an anthropological spirit, then, I propose the following definition of the nation: it is an imagined political community – and imagined as both inherently limited and sovereign.” B. Anderson, Imagined Communities: Reflections on the Origin and Spread of Nationalism (rev. ed.; Verso, 1991), pp. 3, 5–6. 4 Myth is used here to refer to a set of beliefs and imagined memory that guides a community’s perception of its existence, history, cohesion and values. Annex 162
6 the colonial legacy or, most recently, the view that Western politics are polarized because of “tribalism.” In the Middle East, and particularly in the Arabian Peninsula, the concepts of tribe (qabilah in Arabic) and tribalism (qabaliyyah) represent the predominant form of social organization and self-perception. While the prevailing “norm” of previous centuries may have been that of pure or noble tribes of bedouin origin—most of which are no longer nomadic—small settlements evidenced increasing political power. Gulf society in the pre-oil era was multifaceted and constituted a variety of communities, such as recognized and respected tribes, others of non-tribal but presumably Arab descent, “townspeople,” and merchants of generally Iranian or Indian origin. Technically, bedouin means nomadic. But in the oil era and before, bedouin heritage was shared by sedentarized elements of the same bedouin tribes. As a consequence, in practice “bedouin” does not have to mean nomadic. A.Tribal Ethos in the Gulf 4.The more powerful tribal groups along the Arab littoral of the Gulf were largely of Najdi origin who had moved into the Gulf for unknown reasons but possibly because of famine, population pressure on scarce resources, or ambitious leadership. At the beginning of the 18th century, the dominant force along the Arab littoral of the Gulf was that of the mixed bedouin and hadar (settled or sedentary) Bani Khalid tribe, whose center was at al-Hasa oasis (in present-day Saudi Arabia). The oasis had been captured from the Ottomans in 1670, and the writ of the Bani Khalid extended from Qatar in the south to Basra (in present-day Iraq) and beyond to the Nafud Desert in the north, as well as inland to parts of the Najd (the central region of the Arabian Peninsula, now part of Saudi Arabia).5 5 See generally A. Abu Hakima, History of Eastern Arabia, 1750–1800: The Rise and Development of Bahrain and Kuwait (Khayats, 1965), pp. 25–43; J. Lorimer, Gazetteer of the Persian Gulf, ’Oman, and Central Arabia,Vol. I: Historical (Superintendent Government Printing, 1915), pp. 787–835. Annex 162
7 5.Also in the 18th century, sections of the ‘Utub tribe, itself thought to be part of the larger ‘Anazah tribe, moved from Najd into the Gulf littoral and established permanent settlements on the Gulf, a pattern replicated by other tribes. The Bani Khalid’s domain could be described, in loose terms, as more empire than nation. In contrast, these new settlements and their hinterlands were more local and based on more durable tribal alliances. By these movements, as well as other migrations into the southern part of the littoral, including Qatar, what is now the United Arab Emirates (“UAE”), and parts of Oman, the scene was set for the contemporary tribal composition of the Arab littoral of the Gulf and the inception of what may be discerned as nascent national identity in the various regions of the Gulf, including Qatar. 6.Bedouin. The process of State formation and how the role of the prevailing ethos applies is based on various fundamental assumptions. The first and perhaps most important is the bedouin-hadar dichotomy. The centuries-old state of contention between the nomadic and pastoralist bedouin (more accurately transliterated as badu) and the sedentary hadar population of settlements, ports, and oases has deep cultural connotations in addition to opposing lifestyles. In its literal sense, the distinction applies mostly to the pre-oil era but not entirely. The hadar were settled in fixed places, tethered to agricultural areas by property and crops, or resident in urban settlements in order to pursue trading, pearling, or seafaring. As a consequence, they were more easily controllable by rulers. The bedouin on the other hand were, by definition, nomadic. The roaming territory of a bedouin tribe was and is generally defined by a distinct dirah or tribal territory, even if sometimes contested or not defined precisely. At the same time, however, a bedouin tribe may have owed allegiance to or have links with a ruler of a coastal settlement. Therefore, there were often limitations on its area of activity and a linkage to the territory of a particular State. As is shown below, these circumstances Annex 162
8 applied to Qatar as much as the surrounding regions, with the proviso that the hadarpopulation of Qatar was much smaller than elsewhere. 7.The matter is additionally complicated by the fact that even nomadic bedouin tribes possessed connections to fixed points on the map. Livestock required access to wells and grazing territory that were not contested with other tribes. Tribal members often owned date palm gardens, which required periodic attendance to harvest the dates. Many tribesmen undertook seasonal employment in the pearling industry. These ties also served to bring them under the purview or control of the local ruler. 8.What is a Tribe? Distinguishing what constitutes a tribe is not simple. Every tribe is defined by a perceived shared descent, or, as it has been termed, a “myth of common ancestry.”6 Actual descent from an eponymous ancestor cannot be empirically proven and there is no real attempt to do so. It is simply important to believe that descent is shared. The composition of “super-tribes” such as the ‘Anazah or Bani Tamim are lost in time, as is the ability to accept or reject claims of belonging to one “super-tribe” or another. There may be some emotional connection between constituent tribes, particularly when local rivalries create opposing alliances. 9.It is equally important to realize that tribes are flexible both in their constituent elements and their practical status over time. Tribes emerge and recede in strength and influence, 6 See A. Hourani, “Conclusion: Tribes and States in Islamic History” in Tribes and State Formation in the Middle East (University of California Press, 1990); pp. 303–311. Anthropologist Richard Tapper suggests that a tribe “is rather a state of mind, a construction of reality, a model for organization and action.” R. Tapper, “Anthropologists, Historians, and Tribespeople on Tribe and State formation in the Middle East” in Tribes and State Formation in the Middle East (University of California Press, 1990), p. 56. It should also be kept in mind that while tribes and tribalism have acquired negative connotations elsewhere, qabilah (tribe) and qabaliyyah (tribalism) in the Middle East, and particularly in the Gulf States, are viewed favorably and describe a form of identity and organization to which ethnicity, religion, class, and other markers either do not apply or are secondary markers.
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9 and may disappear or appear entirely. Subtribal elements may change their affiliation to a different tribe or even establish themselves as separate tribes. In addition, tribes may acquire clients, which can be either tribal or non-tribal in nature, as well as in a group or by individuals. Tribes may grow more powerful or weaker depending on the vitality and competence of its leadership. The shaykh of a tribe served more as a chairman than a king and a weak shaykh could lose his position with the tribe gravitating to a more capable shaykh. While shaykhs were typically chosen from within a shaykhly family, the fortunes of families could change over time, as well and there is evidence of some tribes recruiting shaykhly families from other tribes. 10.Bedouin or Hadar. Most tribes possessed both bedouin and hadar elements. These elements may or may not be contiguous; even bedouin sections of the same tribe may be scattered across regions. Thus, tribal allegiances may be split between rulers. Tribal migration (separate from nomadism) between regions was also a feature of the pre-oil era. Historical ties might lead tribes to join linked tribes elsewhere. Dissatisfaction or a dispute with a particular ruler or tribe might cause a tribe to move to a neighboring State. While the rivalry between bedouin and hadar may be mostly a relic of history,7 it still 7 The balance between bedouin and hadar has dramatically shifted to the latter’s advantage since the mid-20th century. There are many reasons for this. There has been a natural impulse for bedouin to settle because of opportunities for employment, educational opportunities for children, and access to state-provided social services. States have tended to support this change because it is easier to control settled populations and provide services to them (not to mention avoiding the headaches posed by nomadic pastoralists roaming regularly across national borders). The formation of the Third Saudi State (the present Kingdom of Saudi Arabia) at the beginning of the 20th century was assisted by the establishment of special settlements for bedouin tribes where they became fervent supporters of the Wahhabi interpretation of Islam and, as the Ikhwan, provided the armed might of Ibn Sa’ud, the Saudi leader, in the conquest of much of the Arabian Peninsula. See J. Habib, Ibn Sa’ud’s Warriors of Islam: The Ikhwan of Najd and Their Role in the Creation of the Sa’udi Kingdom, 1910–1930 (Brill, 1978), pp. 156–161. In the 1960s, Saudi Arabia was active in deliberately seeking to sedentarize its bedouin, as detailed in T. El-Farra, “The Effects of Detribalizing the Bedouins on the Internal Cohesion of an Emerging State: The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia,” Ph.D. dissertation (University of Pittsburgh, 1973) andM. Al-Fiar, “The Faisal Settlement Project at Haradh, Saudi Arabia: A Study in Nomad Attitudes Toward Sedentarization,” Ph.D. dissertation, (Michigan State University, 1977). Annex 162
10 does retain some current significance. Recapitulating, the bedouin or tribal ethos maintained and cultivated by the Gulf States, Qatar among them, centers on the importance of tribal descent. National distinctions are, for the most part, new in the Gulf and the Gulf States. 11.Non-Tribal Groups. For the majority of the people, tribal membership has been far more central. Nevertheless, there has always been a simultaneous presence of hadar and non-tribal communities. These included the agriculturalists in Bahrain and in the oases of al-Hasa and al-Qatif, as well as elsewhere. These communities are referred to as Baharinah and were presumably the original indigenous inhabitants with later absorptions; they identify as Arab and Shi‘ah (the principal breakaway sect from the main body of Islam). The merchants of the settlements both on the coast and inland constituted another group. Sedentary communities also included tribespeople who did not fit that Arab tribal bedouin ethos because they were not practicing bedouin or from bedouin stock. Others were not even Arab, tribal, or Sunni (the majority sect of Islam and the Arab littoral of the Gulf). While ethnicity in particular and religion to a certain extent (often the two were intermingled) generally indicated a geographical origin beyond the Gulf States (e.g., Persians from Iran, some Shi‘ah from either Iran or Iraq, Baluch from Pakistan and Iran, Banians and Lawatis from India, and, later, “Zanzibaris” from East Africa), they were not regarded as “foreigners” or “expatriates” and therefore of national origin or identity elsewhere. Some of the important merchants in the port towns were—and are—hawalah, Sunni Arab families immigrating (or returning as some insist) from the Persian coast of the Gulf. The hadari population also included groups of uncertain origin but mean descent, such as the bayasirah (a community of uncertain origin engaged in occupations of low status), slaves, and those of slave stock, although the latter might often belong to tribes or be tribal clients. Annex 162
11 B.The British Role in State Formation 12.The second impetus to State formation in the Gulf States derived from the presence and activities of Britain in the Gulf, particularly as expressed through the Anglo-Indian government. While the Portuguese and the Dutch were the first European empires to enter the Gulf, the British achieved dominance by the late 18th century. The Anglo-Indian government at this time was particularly concerned with trade, which required unhindered maritime passage for British and Indian vessels. Accordingly, Britain sought to bring various littoral chieftains into a network of treaties that rejected warfare by sea; these culminated in the General Treaty of Maritime Peace in 1853. These treaties were signed with the leaders of the ports where armed ships were based; the leaders were the shaykhs of dominant tribes at that point in time. Accordingly, the political order of eastern Arabia was “fossilized”: British recognition of these prominent shaykhs gave them initial standing as supratribal leaders and their positions gradually transformed into rulership of proto-States. Subsequent formal treaties of protection, whereby Britain assumed responsibility for foreign affairs and defense, made these political entities protected States within Britain’s informal empire and further solidified the rule of the same shaykhly families.8 8 See generally J. Onley, The Arabian Frontier of the British Raj: Merchants, Rulers, and the British in the Nineteenth-Century Gulf (Oxford University Press, 2007), pp. 44–54; idem, Britain and the Gulf Shaikhdoms, 1820–1971: The Politics of Protection (Georgetown University Center for International and Regional Studies, 2009). Annex 162
12 C.The Initial Impact of the Oil Era 13.The transition into nation-States accelerated with the awarding of oil concessions in the Gulf States and then the discovery of oil. It became necessary to define territorial domains and boundaries in order to permit oil companies to identify the limits of their concessions.9 This required the classification of tribes—or at least subtribal groups—as belonging to one ruler or another. Shortly afterward, it also became necessary to distinguish between indigenous populations, who were entitled to the benefits of oil income, and those who were not, as explained below in Section IV. With exceptions, those who resided in the Gulf States for a significant—and precisely defined—period before the discovery of oil became citizens, and those who came later were denied citizenship. Despite the prevailing Arab bedouin ethos of these States, not all Gulf citizens were bedouin or Arab or even Muslim. Conformity to the bedouin ethos was not a condition of citizenship even though the majority of Gulf citizens in general, including Qataris, largely fell into this category. III.The Historical Development of Qatari Identity and the Qatari State A.Mid 1700s—Early 1900s 14.In the modern era of the last few centuries, the Qatar peninsula was home to a number of bedouin tribes. Among these were Bani Khalid tribes along the western shores, where groups of al-Na‘im (originally from Oman) also lived. Elsewhere, the Ma‘adid, Al Bin ‘Ali, and Al Bu ‘Aynayn were prominent. ‘Utbi groups moved into Qatar in the mid-18thcentury. The town of Zubarah was founded on the west coast in 1766. Elsewhere, the coastline was dotted with small settlements, of which al-Fuwayrat, al-Wakrah, and Bida‘ 9 See J.E. Peterson, “Sovereignty and Boundaries in the Gulf States: Settling the Peripheries” in The International Politics of the Gulf (Syracuse University Press, 2011), p. 25. Annex 162
13 (now Doha) were the best known. A bid for primacy over Qatar by the Al Jalahimah was stymied by British opposition.1015.As a result of skirmishes in 1867–1868 between Bahrain and Abu Dhabi on the one hand, and Qatari tribes on the other, the British reached agreement with the most prominent Qatari shaykh of the time, Muhammad bin Thani, an Al Thani shaykh of the Ma‘adid (often regarded as part of the larger Al Bin ‘Ali tribe) to maintain friendly relations with Bahrain and to refer all disputes to British officials. A few years later, Muhammad’s son Jasim became head of the Al Thani. Jasim needed to preserve relations with the Ottomans, who situated a garrison in Doha first in 1872, and with Abu Dhabi, with which Qatar was at war from 1876–1891. A battle between Jasim bin Muhammad and the Ottomans in 1893 failed to dislodge the latter and subsequent efforts by Jasim to reach an agreement with the British for protection along the lines of other Gulf States were rebuffed because of delicate Anglo-Ottoman relations throughout the Middle East. It was not until 1916 that Jasim’s son ‘Abdullah signed a treaty placing Qatar under British protection and aligning the country’s status with neighboring States. Rule over Qatar has continued down the line of Al Thani shaykhs until the present. B.Pre-Oil Social and Political Distinctions vs. Oil-Era Changes 16.In the pre-oil era, the British role in elevating paramount shaykhs or proto-rulers on the Arab littoral of the Gulf assisted the transformation of the traditional role of the shaykh vis-à-vis his tribe into a similar role of the ruler vis-à-vis his State. That is, the ruler acted in a combination of “father” of his community, which ensured his legitimacy and 10 This brief historical survey is drawn from: J. Lorimer, Gazetteer of the Persian Gulf, ’Oman, and Central Arabia,Vol. I: Historical (Superintendent Government Printing, 1915), pp. 787–835; R. Zahlan, The Creation of Qatar (Croom Helm, 1979), pp. 16–20; A. Montigny-Kozlowska, “Histoire et changements sociaux au Qatar” in La Péninsule Arabique d’aujourd’hui (Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, 1982), pp. 475–517. Annex 162
14 confirmed his authority, and the representative of his community in relations with other tribes and powers. As shaykhs became rulers, they acquired dominion over territory as well as people. The Al Thani pursuance of British protection resulted in an affirmation of their legitimacy as rulers of a proto-State in Qatar in addition to their status as paramount shaykhs of the peninsula’s tribes. As supratribal leaders, they gradually required the allegiance of everyone in their territory, regardless of tribe or non-tribe, bedouin or hadar, while also acquiring responsibility for everyone resident in their domain. For the individual, belonging to the Qatari proto-State grew out of shared (including presumed or adopted) genealogical origins for bedouin tribes and hadar tribal elements, as well as a shared pattern of occupation of contiguous territory encompassing the Qatari peninsula. Belonging for other hadar relied upon ethnicity, occupation, and family descent. Merchants tended to be close to the ruling family since it was necessary to rely on rulers for protection and the rulers were dependent on loans from, and customs farming by, merchants to carry out their governing. 17.In the immediate oil era, this led to closer, stronger bonds between an emerging ruler and his constituents, regardless of their tribal relationship with the ruler. As the notion of statehood and nation-State took hold, identity as fellow nationals in an accepted and legitimate State grew. As the oil era proceeded, succeeding generations appeared who had no personal knowledge of the amorphous political situation of the pre-oil era, and who were socialized both by their elders and especially the State to recognize their belonging to a distinct country and State. Intermarriage between tribes and tribal clans had always existed, particularly within shaykhly families, but this increased as society changed and became broader. Eventually, identification as members of tribes, ethnic groups, or sects for most Qataris became accompanied by that of a Qatari identity, which closely aligned with Qatari nationality. As the oil era progressed, the Qatari identity grew stronger and deeper, becoming the primary identification of Qataris. Annex 162
15 C.The Qatari People 18.Qataris as a people are comprised of tribes that have been resident in what is now Qatar for centuries and may have both bedouin and hadar elements. While there is no accurate way to determine their present composition, Lorimer’s turn of the 20th- century Gazetteeridentifies bedouin tribes properly belonging to Qatar such as the Bani Hajir and the small Ka‘ban. Other bedouin tribes have fluctuated in location over the eastern half of the Arabian Peninsula during the last century or two.11 Prominent among them are the al-Na‘im, originating from Oman and what is now the UAE, which settled on the west coast of Qatar and are still also present in Bahrain. Sections of the Al Murrah, most of whom are found in what is now the Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia, and the Manasir, mostly found in the UAE, also fall into this category.1219.Many of Qatar’s tribes have long been sedentary. Lorimer lists the largest of these in order as: Sulutah, Al Bu Kuwarah, Mahandah, Al Bu ‘Aynayn, Al Bu ‘Ali, Ma‘adid, Khulayfat, Kibisah, and Sudan.13 It is clear that these sedentary tribes and many of the bedouin tribes have resided in Qatar through recorded history and also constitute the great majority of Qataris today. 11 Employment of the term “migrated” invites confusion with normal nomadic migratory patterns, whereas the meaning here is that the tribe as a unit has shifted from one region to another. 12 See A. Fromherz, Qatar: A Modern History (Georgetown University Press, 2012), p. 3 (“In fact, the legitimacy of the claims of Al-Thani and of Qatar over inland areas and over the Qatar national border is tied to their association with Bedouin tribes such as the Naim . . . In the midst of territorial disputes, urbanized rulers such as Al-Thani actively competed to lure Bedouin into their territories as citizens.”); see also A. Montigny-Kozlowska, “Les lieux de l’identité des Âl Na‘îm de Qatar,” Espaces et Sociétés du Monde Arabe, 123 Maghreb-Machrek (1989) 132, pp. 132–143. 13 See J. Lorimer, Gazetteer of the Persian Gulf, ’Oman, and Central Arabia, Vol. II: Geographical and Statistical (Superintendent Government Printing, 1908), pp. 1530–1531. Annex 162
16 20.However, there are also a number of other hadaris of long Qatari presence regarded as part of the “native” population. According to Lorimer’s estimation, at the turn of the 20thcentury these included (in order of size) hawalah, Baharinah, Persians, and also Africans, both free and slaves. Lorimer also noted that there had been a few British Indian merchants in Doha but they had left. In religion, all four schools of Sunni Islam were represented among the tribes and hawalah, while the Baharinah and Persians were Shi‘ah.14D.The Emergence of a National Identity 21.The communities enumerated in Lorimer’s Gazetteer can be found still in today’s Qatar, probably in about the same proportions. It can be reasonably postulated further that most of these communities had resided in Qatar for one or more centuries before that. The development of an identity beyond that of the tribe or ethnic / religious minority seems to be tied to the emergence of the Al Thani in the second half of the 19th century and, in particular, the role of Muhammad bin Thani and Jasim bin Muhammad in establishing a dominant position and in forging alliances among tribes in the Qatar peninsula. Their actions sowed the seeds of a tribal congruence on top of a common cultural outlook that perhaps can be termed proto-Qatari consciousness. The presence of the Al Thani in Doha and their expansion into pearl trading led to Doha’s growth as the natural center and capital of Qatar. 14 SeeJ. Lorimer, Gazetteer of the Persian Gulf, ’Oman, and Central Arabia, Vol. II: Geographical and Statistical (Superintendent Government Printing, 1908), pp. 1530–1532; ibid., pp. 490–491. The bedouin tribes were primarily pastoralists and Doha served as their principal market town. But pearling played a major role in the economy, with more than 350 pearling boats counted. Fishing was also carried out along the coast. In Doha, pearl diving, fishing, and local trade were important livelihoods, while the Baharinah were described as blacksmiths, coppersmiths and petty pearl dealers. Most foreign trade was with Bahrain and secondarily Lingeh on the Persian coast. Ibid.; see R. Zahlan, The Creation of Qatar (Croom Helm, 1979) pp. 16–20; A. Montigny, “Les Arabes de l’autre rive,” 22 Cahiers d’études sur la Méditerranée orientale et le monde turco-iranien (1996), pp. 51-81; A. Montigny et al., “L’Afrique oubliée des noirs du Qatar,” 72 Journal des Africanistes (2002), tome 72, fascicule 2, pp. 213–225. Annex 162
17 22.The extension of tribal leadership into territorial sovereignty, i.e., the role of the Al Thani in uniting Qatari tribes and hadaris into a loose political entity comprising present-day Qatar, was a “push” factor in creating a Qatari identity. At the same time, the residents of Qatar were “pulled” together by the pressure of external forces. Firmer, and eventually formal, recognition of a Qatari proto-State began with the Ottoman expansion into the Qatar peninsula and the appointment of the Al Thani as their local representatives. Ottoman claims to sovereignty over the Qatar peninsula indicated that there was a territorial dimension to “Qatar” and Ottoman competition with Britain and discussions over Qatar’s status constituted the beginnings of an international recognition of a Qatar. The opposition of the Al Thani and allied tribes, as well as possibly the hadar of Doha, to the Ottomans further inculcated a Qatari commonality. Not long afterward, the political role of the Al Thani and their control over all of Qatar was recognized by the British, and the Qatari entity was incorporated into the British protected-State system in the Gulf. Thus, Qatar received a legal as well as practical status. 23.The advent of the oil era and the necessity of determining who was a Qatari and who was not, in order to distribute benefits from oil income, intensified the solidarity among “original” Qataris. The influx of huge numbers of expatriates during the succeeding decades also reinforced the sense of “us” versus “them.” The transition from a traditional legitimacy (founded on the shaykh cum ruler as “father” of the community) to a more modern legitimacy (in which the State provides benefits and opportunities in return for loyalty and legitimacy) deepened the sense of “nationalism” and identity as nationals of a particular State. While the State encourages and advocates for a national identity through such symbols and functions as the national flag, constitution, government services, National Day celebrations, emphasis on defense capabilities, and supportive media, the sense of “Qatariness” is also expressed voluntarily by Qataris. Examples include Qataris proudly waving the Qatari flag and portraits of the country’s ruler at sporting events, or Annex 162
18 adorning their car windows with wrap-around see-through decals displaying the Qatari flag or ruler, or composing and reciting tribal poetry that extols the country and its people.15 An argument can also be made for an adversarial legitimacy based on a “rallying around the flag” effect when the country is threatened by outside elements. This has been evident in Qatari disputes with Bahrain, Saudi Arabia and the UAE prior to the current boycott. IV.Nationality and Identity in the Gulf 24.The concept of nationality is a new concept in the world, and this is especially true in the Gulf States. The first State with a nationality law was Bahrain in 1937, followed by Saudi Arabia in 1956. Kuwait’s law in 1959, however, set the pattern followed by other States: Kuwaitis were defined as those who were normally resident in Kuwait before 1920.16 The guiding idea was that citizenship should be possessed only by those who were resident in these States prior to the discovery and exploitation of oil. Once oil income began to transform the economy of each State, there was an influx of expatriates. The absence of strict restrictions on citizenship would have both diluted the benefits of oil income and encouraged even greater mass immigration from the Middle East and Asia. Qatar followed the Kuwaiti model. The Qatar nationality law of 2005 (amended from the 1961 law) defines a Qatari for citizenship purposes as anyone normally resident in Qatar during the period of 1930 to 1961 and their descendants (referred to above and 15 One of the most popular television programs in the Gulf is a reality show called Sha‘ir al-Milyun (“Poet of the Million”), a competition similar to American Idol but focusing on nabati or tribal poetry. One of the early winners was a Qatari, whose verse included the passage, “Qatar is my homeland and I am like any other person who grew up in it, the cameleer, the shepherd, the rich, the pearl diver and the farmer ... Men in danger respond as a man willing to sacrifice their pride . . . and lives to save their country’s dignity and glory.” M. Cooke, Tribal Modern: Branding New Nations in the Arab Gulf (University of California Press, 2014), pp. 132–133. 16 See P. Dresch, “Debates on Marriage and Nationality in the United Arab Emirates,” in Monarchies and Nations: Globalization and Identity in the Arab States of the Gulf (I.B. Tauris, 2005), p. 141. Annex 162
19 below as the “original” Qataris). This qualification embraces the great majority of Qatari citizens today. Naturalization involves only a small number of people. Most of these would seem to be the wives of Qatari citizens and their children. Individual naturalization is stated in the law to be limited to 50 individuals per year (although the Amir retains the right to naturalize others). It should be noted though that there are a number of naturalized Qataris of Omani and Yemeni origin. Their status derives from their residence and employment in Qatar during the very early years of the oil era, typically working in the oil company or serving in the Qatari police and armed forces. 25.The UAE Nationality Law (originally issued in 1972 and reissued in 1975 and 2017) employs more specific language for both “original” Emirati citizens and naturalized Emirati citizens. For the first, citizenship is reserved for “Arab” normal residents of the Trucial States (the previous name of the UAE) in 1925 or before and still resident until 1972. But it also provides more specific direction for categories of eligibility for naturalization. The first includes “Arab” individuals of Omani, Qatari, or Bahraini extraction residing in the UAE for at least three years. (The qualification of “Arab” is a significant departure from the nationality laws of the other Gulf States.) This provision would seem to have been added because the UAE began receiving oil income in the 1960s, later than Bahrain (1930s) and Qatar (1950s). Qatar’s development began at least a decade before the UAE and so Qatar freely opened its schools and jobs to Emiratis. The inclusion of Qataris in the UAE nationality law seems to apply to tribes that were encouraged to settle in the UAE.17 In its early years of development, the UAE relied on educated Bahrainis to fill positions in the UAE government and private sector. Omanis had long sought employment in other Gulf States before 1970 and they were especially prevalent in the UAE armed forces. It was natural that the UAE would welcome citizens 17 See A. Kapiszewski, Nationals and Expatriates: Population and Labour Dilemmas of the Gulf Cooperation Council States (Ithaca Press, 2001), p. 51. Annex 162
20 from neighboring countries with close cultural and historical affinity. The second specific direction allows “members of Arab tribes who emigrated from neighboring countries” to seek naturalization after three years of residence. This seems to be directed at Yemenis, particularly from the eastern regions of Yemen and the bedouin tribes along the southern edge of the great Rub‘ al-Khali desert. The impetus for this group, as well as the Omani / Qatari / Bahraini group, would seem to be twofold: first, to recruit educated government employees and adequate ranks of police and soldiers, and second, to increase the total numbers of Emirati citizens in the face of an overwhelming influx of northern Arabs and other expatriates. 26.In this respect, Qatar is not substantially different from the UAE, except that the provisions for these groups are not explicitly spelled out in its nationality law. It can be assumed that there is a similar emphasis on the Arab nature of Qatar identity, even though only the UAE spells this out. This may lead to a surmise that the emphasis on Arab and Arab tribes may mean that non-tribal and non-Arab Qataris are “less Qatari” than “pure” tribespeople. On the contrary, this should be seen as a social phenomenon and not a political dimension. It does not indicate that “non-tribal” Qataris have fewer rights as “tribal” Qataris or that they are considered to be non-Qatari. The distinction has remained fundamentally unchanged since the pre-oil era and, in fact, is probably diminishing as social standing becomes relatively more nuanced or egalitarian. 27.Only a very rough guess can be made of the proportion of naturalized to “original” Qataris. Like all the Gulf States, the Qatari government does not release a breakdown of its population by citizen and expatriate, let alone provide the numbers of naturalized Qataris. The total population of Qatar was estimated at 2,363,000 in July 2018. It is generally believed that Qatari citizens represent only some 15–20 percent of the total Annex 162
21 population18; a United States government estimate is 11.6 percent as of 2015.19 Thus the number of Qatari citizens would be approximately 274,000. Relying on my expertise developed over some 45 years of fieldwork in the Gulf and Qatar, I believe the total of naturalized Qataris might be somewhere between 30,000 and 50,000 of that 274,000, although there are no published sources on this point. This would represent only about 11–18 percent of the total population with Qatari nationality, meaning that “original” Qataris comprise the vast majority of the Qatari population, at around 82–89 percent. V.Conclusion: The Existence of a Distinct Qatari Identity or National Origin 28.One useful way in which to describe the Qatari national identity is in terms of an ethnocracy. Political scientist Ali Mazrui defined ethnocracy in the 1970s as “a political system based on kinship, real or presumed.”20 The term was subsequently used to describe “the tendency for an elite to posit their own physical characteristics and cultural norms as the essence of the nation over which they rule, thus narrowing its definition and excluding all those within the polity who do not exhibit the same characteristics or embrace the same norms. In this sense, ethnocracy as a socio-political regime is the outcome of ethno-nationalism, that brand of nationalism that views the nation as a ‘natural’ and ethnically ‘pure’ community, as opposed to its liberal conceptualisation as a 18 One recent source estimates the percentage of Qataris at 15 percent. See M. Kamrava, Qatar: Small State, Big Politics (Cornell University Press, 2013), p. 5. Another puts it at less than 20 percent. See A. Fromherz, Qatar: A Modern History (Georgetown University Press, 2012), p. 2. 19 The figures for total population and the proportion of Qataris are drawn from the United States Central Intelligence Agency’s The World Factbook. See Central Intelligence Agency, The World Factbook: Qatar(accessed 29 January 2019), https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/qa.html. 20 A. Longva, “Neither Autocracy Nor Democracy But Ethnocracy: Citizens, Expatriates and the Socio-Political System in Kuwait” in Monarchies and Nations: Globalization and Identity in the Arab States of the Gulf (I.B. Tauris, 2005), p. 119. Annex 162
22 community based on equal rights and duties.”21 As applied to the Gulf, “the defining feature is not race, language or religion but citizenship conceived in terms of shared descent . . . Ethnocracy develops in societies that are heterogenous, and with a pronounced degree of perceived cultural variation.”2229.The ethos of Qatari national identity is Arab Muslim (that is, Sunni) tribal. But this represents more of an ideal and it is not expected that every Qatari exhibits these traits. Thus while the prevailing ethos is as above, current conceptions of “Qatari” identity can and do include: myths of origin (in terms of shared heritage or descent, long-standing residence in what is now Qatar, meritorious service to rulers); the myth of shared experiences during times of hardship, thus deserving the bounty of the oil age; myths of shared livelihoods (such as bedouin heritage, ownership of date gardens, or engagement in pearling); living memory and passed-down memories of existence in Qatar, commingling with other similar families or groups; shared characteristics (ethnocracy); and, most recently, loyalty and allegiance to the Qatari State. 30.While Qatari national identity shares the Arab Muslim tribal ethos with its Gulf neighbors, it is distinct, centered on these elements of shared Qatari heritage or descent, historical ties, and shared national myths. As described above, the great majority of individuals considered to be “original” Qataris today are part of a community whose origins pre-date the nation-State era in the Gulf, and which over the last century or so 21 A. Longva, “Neither Autocracy Nor Democracy But Ethnocracy: Citizens, Expatriates and the Socio-Political System in Kuwait” in Monarchies and Nations: Globalization and Identity in the Arab States of the Gulf (I.B. Tauris, 2005), p. 119. 22 A.Longva, “Neither Autocracy Nor Democracy But Ethnocracy: Citizens, Expatriates and the Socio-Political System in Kuwait” in Monarchies and Nations: Globalization and Identity in the Arab States of the Gulf (I.B. Tauris, 2005), pp. 119–120. Longva adds that since citizenship is the major feature and thus expatriates are excluded, the Gulf situation can be described as civic ethnocracy as opposed to racial ethnocracy with its negative overtones. Annex 162
23 crystallized into a distinct Qatari national identity that deeply correlates to the modern Qatari State. As such, and as is the case throughout the region, Qatari national origin and nationality are closely intertwined. Annex 162
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Appendix A Annex 162
J. E. PETERSONADDRESS:4730 N. Camino LuzTucson, Arizona 85718USAE-MAIL:[email protected]:+1-520-885-5457BORN:9 December 1947Kimball, Nebraska, USAPROFESSIONAL EXPERIENCE:2001-presentIndependent historian and political scientist based in Tucson, Arizona,affiliated with the Center for Middle Eastern Studies at the University ofArizona. In addition to writing, publishing, and speaking on areas ofprofessional concern, involved with consulting and writing for such asorganizations as the National Council on US-Arab Relations, the ForeignPolicy Research Institute, the International Crisis Group, the Gulf ResearchCenter, Congressional Quarterly, Al Turath (Riyadh), Centra, Al-Tajir Trust,the London School of Economics, Oxford Analytica, the Norwegian Ministryof Foreign Affairs, and the Academic Consortium for Global Education, inaddition to work with international banks, legal firms, and consultancies. Served as Sir William Luce Fellow at the University of Durham (2004) and asKuwait Visiting Professor at SciencesPo, Paris (2014).2000-2001Research Associate, International Institute for Strategic Studies, London. Wrote Adelphi Paper on Saudi Arabia and Gulf Security; organized workshopon Gulf security in Muscat, Oman; contributed to Strategic Survey, StrategicComments, and other IISS publications1989-1999On commission to write a history of and establish an archives for theSultan’s Armed Forces of the Sultanate of Oman.1984-1989Writer and consultant on Middle East affairs, Washington, DC. Alsoserved as Adjunct Fellow, Center for Strategic and International Studies(Washington, DC); Research Fellow, Middle East Institute (Washington,DC); and Adjunct Scholar, Foreign Policy Research Institute (Philadelphia,PA).Summer 1984Visiting Professor of History, Portland State University, Portland, OR. Taught courses on: OPEC and US Policy; Gulf Politics and War.1983-1984Thornton D. Hooper Fellow in International Security Affairs, Foreign PolicyResearch Institute, Philadelphia, PA; and Lecturer in Political Science,University of Pennsylvania.
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J.E. Peterson !! C.V.21980-1983Assistant Professor of Government, College of William and Mary,Williamsburg, VA. Taught courses on: Middle East Politics; InternationalRelations in the Middle East; The Politics of Middle Eastern Oil; Introductionto International Relations; American-Soviet Rivalry in the Indian Ocean.1979-1980Conducted research in the United Kingdom and Middle East on topic of“Comparative Political Change in the Arabian Peninsula,” as recipient ofSocial Science Research Council postdoctoral research grant.1978-1979Assistant Professor of Government, Bowdoin College, Brunswick, ME. Taught courses on: Introduction to Comparative Government; AmericanForeign Policy; Middle East Politics; The Politics of Middle Eastern Oil.1977-1978Research Analyst on the Middle East, Library of Congress, Washington,DC. Developed and maintained research files and wrote studies on social,economic, and political topics dealing with contemporary Middle East, withemphasis on the Arabian Peninsula.EDUCATION:1971-1977School of Advanced International Studies, The Johns Hopkins University,Washington, DC. Ph.D. degree, May 1977. Major in Middle East Studies;minors in International Politics and International Economics. Dissertationtopic concerned with political change in the Sultanate of Oman.1967-1971University of Arizona, Tucson. M.A. degree, June 1971. Major in OrientalStudies, with concentration in the Middle East. B.A. degree, June 1970. Majorin History; minor in Political Science.1966-1969Graceland College, Lamoni, Iowa. Spent freshman and junior years (1966-1967; 1968-1969) at a small, church-related college in southern Iowa.PROFESSIONAL MEMBERSHIPS:American Institute for Yemeni StudiesAnglo-Omani SocietyAssociation of Gulf and ArabianPeninsula StudiesBritish Society for Middle East StudiesMiddle East InstituteMiddle East Studies Association of North AmericaRoyal Over-Seas LeagueRoyal Society for Asian AffairsEDITORIAL BOARDS OF JOURNALSJournal of Arabian Studies (Exeter)Journal of Oman Studies (Muscat)Liwa (Abu Dhabi)Middle East Journal (Washington, DC)LANGUAGES:
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J.E. Peterson !! C.V.3Read and speak Arabic; read French and Spanish, some Italian and Persian.FELLOWSHIPS AND GRANTS:Sir William Luce Fellow at the University of Durham (2004).•MacArthur Foundation Fellowship at the International Institute for Strategic Studies forresearch on Saudi Arabia and Gulf security (2000-2001).Earhart Foundation Fellowship Research Grant, for research in Saudi Arabia and theMiddle East (1988-1989).American Political Science Association Research Grant, for research in the UnitedKingdom (Summer 1987).Fulbright Senior Research Grant in the “Islamic Civilization Research Program,” forresearch in the Middle East (1985-1986).Thornton D. Hooper Fellowship in International Security Affairs, for research and writingin residence at the Foreign Policy Research Institute (1983-1984).Earhart Foundation Fellowship Research Grant, for research in the United Kingdom(Summer 1982).American Council of Learned Societies/Social Science Research Council PostdoctoralResearch Grant, for research in Europe and Middle East (1979-1980).Shell Foundation Fellowship, for dissertation research in Europe and Middle East (1974-1975).Center for Arabic Study Abroad Fellowship, American University of Cairo (Summer1971).INVITED SEMINAR PAPERS, LECTURES, AND PRESENTATIONS:•University of Illinois, Champaign•University of Texas, Austin•London School of Economics, Middle East Centre•Emirates Literary Festival, Dubai•Symposium of the Public Authority for Radio andTelevision, Muscat.•Symposium of Sultan Qaboos Chairs, University of Tokyo.•Georgetown University School of Foreign Service, Doha.•Council on Foreign Relations, Tucson.•Georgetown University School of Foreign Service, Doha.•Derasat, Bahrain Institute for International and EconomicStudies, al-Manamah.•National Intelligence Council, Washington, DC.•National Counter-Terrorism Center, Washington, DC.•Princeton University, Princeton, NJ.•Qatar National Day Organizing Committee, Doha.•Emirates Center for Strategic Studies and Research, AbuDhabi.•National Center for Documentation and Research, AbuDhabi.•Gulf/2000 Project, Sharjah, UAE.•Center for Naval Analyses, Alexandria, VA.•Dubai Police, Dubai.•Portland State University, Portland, Oregon.•Gulf/2000 Project, Cyprus.•National Council on US-Arab Relations, Washington,DC.•London University School of Oriental and AfricanStudies.•St. Johns College, Oxford.•University of California at Los Angeles.•United Kingdom, House of Lords, Human RightsCommittee.•Westminster University, London.•Center for Strategic and International Studies,Washington, DC.•University of Exeter, United Kingdom.•Université de Tours, France•Gulf/2000 Project, Castelgandolfo, Italy.•Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Sultanate ofOman.•Defense Intelligence College, Washington, DC.
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J.E. Peterson !! C.V.4•Royal United Services Institute for Defence Studies,London.•Mississippi State University, Jackson, Mississippi.•Middle East Institute, Washington, DC.•U.S. Central Command, MacDill Air Force Base, Florida.•National Defense University, Washington, DC.•Dalhousie University Centre for Foreign Policy Studies,Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia.•Columbia University, New York.•U.S. Department of State, Bureau of Intelligence andResearch.•U.S. Library of Congress, Congressional ResearchInstitute.•Georgetown University Center for Strategic andInternational Studies.•American University, Washington, DC.•Anglo-Omani Society, London.•Armed Forces Staff College, Norfolk, VA.•Bahrain University, Manama, Bahrain.•Fletcher School of Law and Diplomacy, TuftsUniversity,Medford, MA.•Foreign Service Institute, U.S. Department of State,Arlington, VA.•Historical Association of Oman, Muscat, Sultanate ofOman.•International Institute for Strategic Studies, London.•King Sa‘ud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.•National Council on US-Arab Relations, Washington,D.C.•New York University, New York.•Qatar University, Doha.•Rand Corporation, Santa Monica, CA.(April 2019)
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J.E. Peterson !! Publicationsp. 1N.B. Many of the publications listed below, especially the more recent ones, may be viewed on or downloaded fromthe author’s website, www.JEPeterson.net.FORTHCOMING STUDIES: Historical Dictionary of Saudi Arabia (3rd ed.; Lanham, MD: Scarecrow Press, forthcoming 2019). Defending Oman: A History of the Sultan’s Armed Forces (publication details not arranged).WORK IN PROGRESS: Oman Since 1970 (London: I.B. Tauris). Historical Dictionary of the Gulf Arab States (3rd ed.; Lanham, MD: Scarecrow Press). The Modernization of Tradition: Comparative Political Change in the Arabian Peninsula(London: I.B. Tauris). A Modern History of the Arabian Peninsula (London: I.B. Tauris).2018: Saudi Arabia Under Ibn Saud: The Economic and Financial Foundations of the State (London: I.B. Tauris, 2018). “Prospects for Proliferation in Saudi Arabia.” In Jeannie L. Johnson, Kerry M. Kartchner, andMarilyn J. Maines, eds., Crossing Nuclear Thresholds: Leveraging Sociocultural Insights intoNuclear Decisionmaking (New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2018), pp. 109-139.2016: Editor, The Emergence of the Gulf States: Studies in Modern History (London: Bloomsbury,2016). “Yemen: Tribes, the State, and the Awakening.” In Uzi Rabi, ed., The State and Tribal Societyin the Middle East (London: C. Hurst; New York: Oxford University Press, 2017), pp. 111-143.2015: “A Survey of Historical Studies of the UAE in Western Languages.” Meant to appear in FredLawson, ed., Explorations in UAE History (Syracuse: Syracuse University Press), but publicationabandoned. Available on <www.JEPeterson.net>. “Oman’s Next Sultan Will Face Greater Social Challenges.” Oxford Analytica, 12 May 2015.2014: “America and Oman: The Context for Nearly Two Centuries of Relations.” “Symposium on theVoyage of Sultana to New York in 1840,” Public Authority for Radio & TV, Muscat, Sultanateof Oman, 3-4 December 2014. “Some Reflections on Social Change and Continuity in Oman and the Gulf.” Third Symposiumof Sultan Qaboos Academic Chairs, “Managing Water Resources for Sustainable Development,”University of Tokyo, 2-3 October 2014. “The Arabian Peninsula in Modern Times: A Historiographical Survey of Recent Publications.” Journal of Arabian Studies, Vol. 4, No. 2 (December 2014), pp. 244-274. “Muscat as a Port City.” In Lawrence G. Potter, ed., The Gulf in Modern Times: Peoples, Portsand History (New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2014), pp. 153-172.2013: “The Baluch Presence in the Persian Gulf.” In Lawrence G. Potter, ed., Sectarian Politics in thePersian Gulf (London: Hurst; New York: Oxford University Press, 2013), pp. 229-244. “Abu Dhabi.” Encyclopaedia of Islam, 3rd ed. (2013), pp. 22-25. “Yemen On the Precipice: Governing the Ungovernable.” In Abbas Kadhim, ed., Governancein the Middle East and North Africa: A Handbook (London: Routledge, 2013), pp. 306-318. “The Solitary Sultan and the Construction of the New Oman.” In Abbas Kadhim, ed., Governancein the Middle East and North Africa: A Handbook (London: Routledge, 2013), pp. 319-329.2012:
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J.E. Peterson !! Publicationsp. 2 “The GCC States: Participation, Opposition, and the Fraying of the Social Contract.” London: London School of Economics and Politics, The Kuwait Programme on Development, Governanceand Globalisation in the Gulf States, December 2012, Research Paper No. 26. “Oman Succession Unlikely to Jeopardise Security.” Oxford Analytica, 8 November 2012.2011: “Sovereignty and Boundaries in the Gulf States: Settling the Peripheries.” In Mehran Kamrava,ed., The International Politics of the Gulf (Syracuse: Syracuse University Press, 2011), pp. 21-49. “Oman Faces the 21st Century.” In Mary Ann Tetreault, Gwenn Okruhlik, and AndrzejKapiszewski, eds., Political Change in the Arab Gulf States: Stuck in Transition (Boulder, CO:Lynne Rienner, 2011), pp. 99-118.2009: “Life After Oil: Economic Alternatives for the Arab Gulf States.” Mediterranean Quarterly,Vol. 20, No. 3 (Summer 2009), pp. 1-18. “Bahrain: Reform, Promise, and Reality.” In Joshua Teitelbaum, ed., Political Liberalization inthe Persian Gulf (New York: Columbia University Press, 2009), pp. 157-185. “Britain and State Formation in the Gulf: The Case of Abu Dhabi and Shaikh Zayid binKhalifah.” In New Perspectives On Recording UAE History (Abu Dhabi: National Center forDocumentation and Research, 2009), pp. 207-214. “The United States and Yemen: A History of Unfulfilled Expectations.” In Robert E. Looney,ed., Handbook of US-Middle East Relations: Formative Factors and Regional Perspectives(London: Routledge, 2009), pp. 502-512. “Britain and the Gulf: At the Periphery of Empire.” In Lawrence G. Potter, ed., The Persian Gulfin History (New York: Palgrave, 2009), pp. 277-293.2008: “Foreign Military Presence and Its Role in Reinforcing Regional Security: A Double-EdgedSword,” in Arabian Gulf Security: Internal and External Challenges (Abu Dhabi: EmiratesCenter for Strategic Studies and Research, 2008), pp. 183-205.2007: “Rulers, Merchants, Shaykhs in Gulf Politics: The Function of Family Networks.” In AlanoudAlsharekh, ed., The Gulf Family: Modernity and Kinship Policies. Oman’s Insurgencies: The Sultanate’s Struggle for Supremacy (London: Saqi Books, June 2007). Historical Muscat: An Illustrated Guide and Gazetteer (Leiden: E.J. Brill, 2007).2006: The Arab Gulf States: Further Steps Towards Political Participation. Dubai: Gulf ResearchCenter, 2006. Gulf Papers. Defense and Regional Security in the Arabian Peninsula and Gulf, 1973-2004. Revised ed.;Dubai: Gulf Research Center, 2006. “Qatar and the World: Branding for a Micro-State.” Middle East Journal, Vol. 60, No. 4(Autumn 2006), pp. 732-748. “The Kingdom of Enigma.” Survival, Vol. 48, No. 2 (Summer 2006), pp. 147-156.2005: The Emergence of Post-Traditional Oman. Durham: University of Durham, Institute of MiddleEastern and Islamic Studies, Occasional Paper, No. 78. Various entries on Arabian Peninsula personalities in the Biographical Encyclopædia of theModern Middle East.2004: “Oman’s Social Structure.” Article in supplement to the Encyclopædia of Islam. Various entries on the Arabian Peninsula in the Encyclopædia of the Modern Middle East (2nd ed.)
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J.E. Peterson !! Publicationsp. 3 “Oman: Three and a Half Decades of Change and Development.” Middle East Policy, Vol. 11,No. 2 (Summer 2004), pp. 125137. “Oman’s Diverse Society: Southern Oman.” Middle East Journal, Vol. 58, No. 2 (Spring 2004),pp. 254269. “Oman’s Diverse Society: Northern Oman.” Middle East Journal, Vol. 58, No. 1 (Winter 2004),pp. 3251.2003: “The United Arab Emirates: Economic Vibrancy and American Interests.” Asian Affairs(London), Vol. 34, Part 2 (July 2003), pp. 137142. Historical Dictionary of Saudi Arabia (revised ed.; Lanham, MD: Scarecrow Press, 2003).2002: “SaudiAmerican Relations After 11 September 2001.” Asian Affairs (London), Vol. 33, Part 1(February 2002), pp. 102114. “Muscat,” Encyclopedia of Urban Cultures (2002). [With Dawn Chatty] “Bahrain’s First Reforms Under Amir Hamad,” Asian Affairs (London), Vol. 33, Part 2 (June2002), pp. 216227. Saudi Arabia and the Illusion of Security. Oxford: Oxford University Press for the InternationalInstitute for Strategic Studies, 2002. Adelphi Papers, No. 348. “L’Odyssée de l’Oman: de l’Imamat au Sultanat.” In Marc Lavergne and Brigitte Dumortier,eds., L’Oman contemporain (Paris: Karthala, 2002), pp. 2941. (Translation of “Oman’sOdyssey: From Imamate to Sultanate,” 1987.) “L’édification de l’État en Oman depuis 1970.” In Marc Lavergne and Brigitte Dumortier, eds.,L’Oman contemporain (Paris: Karthala, 2002), pp. 7784.2001: “Succession in the States of the Gulf Cooperation Council.” Washington Quarterly, Vol. 24, No.4 (Autumn 2001), pp. 173186. “The Nature of Succession in the Gulf.” Middle East Journal, Vol. 55, No. 4 (Autumn 2001), pp.580601. “Oman,” In Melvin Ember and Carol R. Ember, eds., Countries and Their Cultures (New York: Macmillan Reference USA, 2001), Vol. 3, pp. 16811689. [With Dawn Chatty] “Why Have the Gulf Monarchies Endured?” In Joseph J. Kechichian, ed., Iran, Iraq, and theArab Gulf States (New York: Palgrave, 2001), pp. 451460. “The Historical Pattern of Gulf Security.” In Gary Sick and Lawrence Potter, eds., Security in thePersian Gulf: Origins, Obstacles, and the Search for Consensus (New York: Palgrave, 2001),pp. 731.1993: Historical Dictionary of Saudi Arabia (Metuchen, NJ: Scarecrow Press, 1993).1992: “The Future of Gulf Security After the Kuwait War.” In Royal United Services Institute andBrassey’s Defence Yearbook 1992 (London: Brassey’s UK, 1992), pp. 131143.1991: “Yemen,” in 1991 Yearbook on International Communist Affairs (Stanford, CA: HooverInstitution Press, 1991), pp. 515519. “The Arabian Peninsula in Modern Times: A Historiographical Survey.” American HistoricalReview, Vol. 96, No. 5 (December 1991), pp. 14351449.1990: “The People’s Democratic Republic of Yemen,” in 1991 Yearbook on International CommunistAffairs (Stanford, CA: Hoover Institution Press, 1990), pp. 578584.
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J.E. Peterson !! Publicationsp. 4 “Oman,” in the Encyclopædia Britannica (1990). “Change and Continuity in Arab Gulf Society,” in Charles Davies, ed., After the War: Iraq, Iranand Gulf (Chichester, West Sussex: Carden Publications, 1990), pp. 287-312.1989: “The Political Status of Women in the Arab Gulf States,” Middle East Journal, Vol. 43, No. 1(Winter 1989), pp. 34-50. “The United States and the Gulf: A Fraying Relationship,” Middle East Insight Vol. 6, No. 4(1989), pp. 47-51. “Security Concerns in the Arabian Peninsula,” in Mohammed Ahrari, ed., The Gulf andInternational Security in the 1980s and Beyond (London: Macmillan, 1989), pp. 101-126. “The People’s Democratic Republic of Yemen,” in 1989 Yearbook on International CommunistAffairs (Stanford, CA: Hoover Institution Press, 1989). “Qabus bin Said” and “Said bin Taymur,” in Bernard Reich, ed., Political Leaders of theContemporary Middle East and North Africa: A Biographical Dictionary (New York: Greenwood Press, 1989), pp. 413-417 and pp. 475-479.1988: The Arab Gulf States: Steps Toward Political Participation (New York: Praeger; Washington: Center for Stategic and International Studies, 1988; Washington Papers, No. 131). Editor, Saudi Arabia and the Gulf States (Washington, DC: Defense Academic Research SupportProgram and the Middle East Institute, 1988). Co-editor, Crosscurrents in the Gulf: Arab, Regional, and Global Interests (London: Routledge,1988). (With H. Richard Sindelar III.) “People’s Democratic Republic of Yemen,” in Michael Adams, ed., The Middle East: AHandbook (London: Muller, Blond and White; New York: Facts on File, 1988), pp. 533-544. “Oman,” in ibid., pp. 329-339. “The People’s Democratic Republic of Yemen,” in 1988 Yearbook on International CommunistAffairs (Stanford, CA: Hoover Institution Press, 1988), pp. 436-441. “The Future of Federalism in the United Arab Emirates,” in H. Richard Sindelar and J.E.Peterson, eds., Crosscurrents in the Gulf: Arab, Regional, and Global Interests (London: Routledge, 1988), pp. 198-230. “The GCC States After the Iran-Iraq War,” American-Arab Affairs, No. 26 (Fall 1988), pp. 96-106.1987: “Oman’s Odyssey: From Imamate to Sultanate,” in B.R. Pridham, ed., Oman: Economic, Socialand Strategic Developments (London: Croom Helm, 1987), pp. 1-16. “The GCC and Regional Security,” in John Sandwick, ed., The Gulf Cooperation Council: Moderation and Stability in an Interdependent World (Boulder, CO: Westview Press;Washington: American-Arab Affairs Council, 1987), pp. 169-203; reprinted in American-ArabAffairs, No. 20 (Spring 1987), pp. 62-90. “The People’s Democratic Republic of Yemen,” in 1987 Yearbook on International CommunistAffairs (Stanford, CA: Hoover Institution Press, 1987), pp. 463-470. “Arab Nationalism and the Idealist Politician: The Career of Sulayman al-Baruni,” in JamesPiscatori and George S. Harris eds., Law, Personalities and Politics of the Middle East: Essaysin Honor of Majid Khadduri (Washington: Middle East Institute, 1987), pp. 124-139. “The Gulf: American Strategic Interests and Military Options,” review article in Middle EastJournal, Vol. 41, No. 4 (1987), pp. 621-625. “Europe and the Crisis in the Gulf,” Europe Magazine, November 1987, pp. 24-25, 47.
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J.E. Peterson !! Publicationsp. 51986: Defending Arabia (London: Croom Helm; New York: St. Martin’s Press, 1986). “The People’s Democratic Republic of Yemen,” in 1986 Yearbook on International CommunistAffairs (Stanford, CA: Hoover Institution Press, 1986), pp. 453-455. “The Emergence of Nation-States in the Arabian Peninsula,” GeoJournal, Vol. 13, No. 3 (1986),pp. 197-200.1985: Security in the Arabian Peninsula and Gulf States, 1973-1984 (Washington: National Councilon US-Arab Relations, 1985). “The Islands of Arabia: Their Recent History and Strategic Importance,” Arabian Studies, Vol.7 (1985), pp. 23-35. Co-author, “Egypt: Mainspring of Arab Power,” in Rodney W. Jones and Steve Hildreth, eds.,Third World Regional Powers and the Future of Conflict: Modern Arms and Defense Policies(New York: Praeger, 1985), pp. 223-263. (With Joseph J. Malone.) “Saudi Arabia at the Threshold,” in David H. Partington, ed., The Middle East Annual: Issuesand Events, Vol. 4--1984 (Boston: G.K. Hall, 1985), pp. 53-82. “The Two Yemens and the International Impact of Inter-Yemeni Relations,” in William L. Dowdyand Russell B. Trood, eds., The Indian Ocean: Perspectives on a Strategic Arena (Durham, NC: Duke University Press, 1985), pp. 208-225.1984: “Legitimacy and Political Change in Yemen and Oman,” Orbis, Vol. 27, No. 4 (Winter 1984),pp. 971-998. “American Policy in the Gulf and the Sultanate of Oman,” American-Arab Affairs, No. 8 (1984),pp. 117-130. “Defending Arabia: Evolution of Responsibility,” Orbis, Vol. 28, No. 3 (Autumn 1984), pp. 465-488. “Nation-Building and Political Development in the Two Yemens,” in Brian Pridham, ed.,Contemporary Yemen: Politics and Historical Development (London: Croom Helm, 1984), pp.85-101.1983: Editor, The Politics of Middle Eastern Oil (Washington: Middle East Institute, 1983). “The Arab Response to the Iranian Challenge in the Gulf,” in Philip H. Stoddard, ed., The MiddleEast in the 1980s: Problems and Prospects (Washington: Middle East Institute, 1983), pp. 153-164.1982: Yemen: The Search for a Modern State (London: Croom Helm; Baltimore: Johns HopkinsUniversity Press, 1982).1981: Conflict in the Yemens and Superpower Involvement (Washington: Georgetown University,Center for Contemporary Arab Studies, 1981). “The Yemen Arab Republic and the Politics of Balance,” Asian Affairs (London), Vol. 68, Pt. 3(October 1981), pp. 254-266.1979: “South-West Arabia and the British During World War I,” Journal of South Asian and MiddleEastern Studies, Vol. 2, No. 4 (1979), pp. 18-37. “Political Directions in Kuwait and the Gulf, 1979,” in The Impact of the Iranian Events UponPersian Gulf and United States Security (Washington: American Foreign Policy Institute, 1979),pp. 65-88.
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J.E. Peterson !! Publicationsp. 6 “The Sultanate of Oman: New Alliances, Continuing Policies.” In ibid., pp. 165-182. “British Financial Advisors in Muscat During the Interwar Period,” Arabian Studies, Vol. 5(1979), pp. 131-139.1978: Oman in the Twentieth Century: Political Foundations of an Emerging State (London: CroomHelm; New York: Barnes & Noble, 1978).1977: “Tribes and Politics in Eastern Arabia,” Middle East Journal, Vol. 31, No. 3 (1977), pp. 297-312. “Guerrilla Warfare and Ideological Confrontation in the Arabian Peninsula: The Rebellion inDhufar,” World Affairs, Vol. 139, No. 4 (1977), pp. 278-295.1976: Co-author, Historical and Cultural Dictionary of the Sultanate of Oman and the Emirates ofEastern Arabia (Metuchen, NJ: Scarecrow Press, 1976). (With John Duke Anthony.) “The Revival of the Ibadi Imamate and the Threat to Muscat, 1913-1920,” Arabian Studies, Vol.3 (1976), pp. 165-188. “Britain and ‘the Oman War’: An Arabian Entanglement,” Asian Affairs (London), Vol. 63, Pt.3 (October 1976), pp. 285-298.BOOK REVIEWS (approximately 80)Al-Bustan.American-Arab Affairs.American Political Science Review.Asian Affairs (London).British Society for Arabian Studies.Der Islam.The Historian.H-Diplo.International Affairs (London).International Journal of Middle East Studies.Journal of Arabian Studies.Journal of Islamic Studies.Journal of the British Yemeni Society.Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society.Left History.Middle East Journal.Middle East Policy.Middle East Studies Association Bulletin.Muslim World.Orbis.Perspectives.Philadelphia Inquirer.Survival.Washington Report on Middle East Affairs.(April 2019)
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