Volume II-B Appendices

INTERNATIONAL COURT OF JUSTICE
TERRITORIAL AND MARITIME DISPUTE
(NICARAGUA v. COLOMBIA)
COUNTER-MEMORIAL OF THE
REPUBLIC OF COLOMBIA
VOLUME II - B
APPENDICES
11 NOVEMBER 2008

TABLE OF CONTENTS
Appendix 1 Tidal Chart . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Appendix 2 Selected Colombian Geography Publications referring to
the San Andrés Archipelago. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
Appendix 3 List of governors, prefects and intendentes of the
Archipelago since 1803 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
Appendix 4 List of Colombian legal provisions concerning the
San Andrés Archipelago . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
Appendix 5 Licensing of foreign fishing vessels in the San Andrés
Archipelago . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63
Appendix 6 Operation and permanence of United States’ fishing vessels
in the cays of Roncador, Quitasueño and Serrana pursuant
to the 1972 Vázquez-Saccio Treaty between Colombia
and the United States of America. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121
Appendix 7 Exercise of sovereignty and jurisdiction in the San Andrés
Archipelago through naval activities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 173
Appendix 8 Colombian interdiction of illegal fishing in the area of
the San Andrés Archipelago. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 241
Appendix 9 List of maps published by the Geographic Institute
of Colombia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 265
Appendix 10 List of survey cruises carried out by the Colombian
Navy in the area of the San Andrés Archipelago . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 275
III
Appendix 11 List of charts of the area of the San Andrés Archipelago
by the Colombian Navy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 277
Appendix 12 List of scientific research activities carried out by the
Colombian Navy in the area of the San Andrés Archipelago. . . . . . . 281
IV

V
Explanatory Note to Volume II - B
Appendices
In preparing the annexes to this Counter-Memorial, in accordance with the provisions of
Article 50 of the Rules of Court, Colombia has been mindful of Practice Direction III.
Thus, it has decided not to submit all the documents it possesses evidencing its longstanding
exercise of sovereignty and jurisdiction over the San Andrés Archipelago and
its appurtenant maritime areas.
Appendices 1 to 12 contain listings of such documents.
The information contained in the present volume is fully documented. The original documents
are available for submission, if the Court so requires.
Appendix 1
Tidal chart on page to follow
1
2
Appendix 2
SELECTED COLOMBIAN GEOGRAPHY PUBLICATIONS REFERRING
TO THE SAN ANDRÉS ARCHIPELAGO
1871
1. The official World Geography Digest for the Use of Elementary Schools
(“Compendio de Jeografía Universal para Uso de las Escuelas Primarias”) published
in 1871, includes the following description of the Archipelago of San Andrés:
“The main islands are: On the Atlantic, San Andrés and Providencia…”1
“TERRITORIES.
Maritime or Island Territory
(…)
This comprises the islands of San Andrés and (San Luis of) Providencia temporarily
ceded by the Government of Bolívar to the Central Government, and accepted by the latter
on 4 June 1868. Formerly these islands were part of the Province of Cartagena, under
the name San Andrés Cantón.” 2
The text continues with a general description wherein the following cays are mentioned:
“Southsouth-West (East-Southeast or Alborgcators [Alburquerque])”, “Rocador
[Roncador] and Quitasueños [Quitasueño]”, adding that they were “145 kilometers off
the same island”.3
1873
2. The official “Basic Geography, Mathematics, Physics, Politics and Descriptive
for the Schools of Colombia” (Jeografía Elemental, Matemática, Física, Política y
Descriptiva para las Escuelas de Colombia) published in 1873, states the following:
3
1 F. Pérez, Compendio de Jeografía Universal para Uso de las Escuelas Primarias de Niños y Niñas.
Contiene la Jeografía Particular de los Estados Unidos de Colombia (2nd Ed., Bogotá, Imprenta de
Echeverría Hermanos, 1871), p. 78.
2 Ibid., at p. 103.
3 Ibid., at p. 103.
“Colombian Territories
218. … and that of San Andrés and San Luis de Providencia.” 4
“Other Territories.
285. …San Andrés and San Luis de Providencia.- They are two islands ceded by the
State of Bolívar to the Union in 1868, for twenty years, with which a Territory was
formed, including the little island of Santa Catalina that is some 50 meters north off that
of Providencia …”5
(..)
“287. Products.- Coconuts everywhere; cotton, sugarcane, cedar, tortoiseshell, and particularly,
calves and foals in Providencia. There was guano on the islet of Alburquerque,
some 37 kilometers South of San Andrés, and there are still lots of it [guano] on the bank
of Serrana 14 myriameters off Providencia, and Roncador Cay is a very favorable place
for turtle fishing.”6
1879
3. In the “Geographical Dictionary of the United States of Colombia” (Diccionario
Geográfico de los Estados Unidos de Colombia) of 1879 the Archipelago of San Andrés
and Providencia is described as follows:
“San Andrés and Providencia. (Territory of) They are two islands in the sea of the
Antilles, —- The main industry is that of coconuts, that are produced in abundance, the
exports of this product being calculated at $100.000 per year. Cotton, sugarcane and
some foodstuffs are also cultivated; and there is also palo mora [black Clorophora tinctoria],
brazilwood and cedar in abundance; and a lot of guano on the bank of Serrana, 14
myriameters off Providencia…”7
1888
4. In 1888, a study of the Archipelago contained in a book on Colombian
Geography, describes it as follows:
4
4 Dirección Jeneral de Instrucción Pública Primaria: Jeografía Elemental, Matemática, Física,
Política i Descriptiva para las Escuelas de Colombia, Official Edition (Bogotá, Imprenta de Gaitán,
1873), pp. 315-316.
5 Ibid., at p. 343.
6 Ibid., at p. 344.
7 J. Esguerra O., Diccionario Jeográfico de los Estados Unidos de Colombia (Bogotá, J.B. Gaitán
Editor, 1879), pp. 203-204.
“The lands that we deal with form the Archipelago of San Andrés, made up of three
little islands and nine cays or banks.
The islands are: San Andrés and Old Providence (Providencia) somewhat profitable
and the very small Santa Catalina; the cays or banks are: Courtown,
Alburquerque, Quitasueño, Roncador, Serrana, Serranilla, Cumbay, Bajo Nuevo
and La Vela. Its group, that does not add up to a square myriameter is currently a
province of Bolívar, inhabited by 4,000 people.
(…)
The Archipelago of San Andrés forms the tops of a submerged or submarine mountain
range as evidenced by its coralline banks: perhaps the former is more likely
given the nature of the rocks that make up its current soil.
The Archipelago is divided in three main groups, or rather tops: that of noonday,
appears as a triangle formed by the cay of Alburquerque to the South, that of
Courtown to the NE of the former, and the island of San Andrés to the north of that
same cay; the central one, is shaped as a rectangle formed by the islands of
Providencia and Santa Catalina, almost joined, and the bank of Quita-sueño, further
away, to the North of San Andrés, and the banks of Roncador and Serrana, on
the same line, to the East of the former and facing, respectively, Providencia and
Quita-sueño; and the northernmost, forming an almost-straight line, formed by the
banks of Serranilla, Nuevo, Comba and La Vela, the first located North of Serrana
and the two latter ones to the very South of Jamaica…”8
Chapter V, entitled “The Great Cays” (Los Grandes Cayos) 9 includes a detailed description
of Alburquerque, Courtown, Roncador, Serrana, Quitasueño, Serranilla and Bajo
Nuevo:
“V – The Great Cays
In addition to the three described islands, the Archipelago of San Andrés comprises a
large number of cays, islets or banks, all of which emerge at great distances from them
and except for two that in a way depend upon San Andrés, the rest either depend upon
Providencia or form another group. We will study them in this order:
1.° Alburquerque Cay’s (12°18’ latitude N., 81°45’ longitude W.) The cays of
Alburquerque that are to the south and 15 miles off San Andrés, are made up by two
5
8 F. J. Vergara y Velasco, Nueva Geografía de Colombia, según el sistema natural de Regiones
Geográficas, Vol. I, Sec. 1, Ch. III: El Archipiélago de San Andrés - Noticia Geográfica (Bogotá,
Imprenta de Vapor de Zalamea Hermanos, 1888), pp. 1, 2.
9 Ibid., pp. 15-17.
islets of rock, sand and coral banks, formerly abundant in guano, called North and South.
They contain some 200 coconut trees, planted by fishermen, of national property and
there is space for some 100 more. These islets are sheltered by a reef leaning over their
NE and W side, forming a frame of 6½ kilometers in length, of which they are in the
middle.
2.° Courtown Bank (12°31’ latitude N., [81°]29’17” longitude W.) To the ESE and 37
kilometers of San Andrés is the bank of Courtown, also known as East-South-east Cay’s
and Albo Katou’s Cay’s, made up by three islets of sterile rocks and sand, rising a meter
over sea level; currently they only produce weeds, although there used to be lots of
coconut trees that were ravaged by the strong waves and strong storm of 1839. There is
guano on them. These cays are sheltered by a reef that starts at about 1½ km south of the
largest one, and that extends north over 10 kilometers. The waters where these cays
emerge are very dangerous, in particular, for ships coming from New Orleans and shipwrecks
are common there.
These two groups of cays are visited yearly between the months of May and August, by
the fishermen of San Andrés, with the purpose of crawling tortoises that are very abundant
thereon.
3.° Roncador Bank (Between 13°18’ and 13°27’ latitude N. and 80°3’ longitude West.)
This cay, that is east of and 50 kilometers off Providencia, is just a very low shoal or
small islet, 80 meters long by 50 meters wide, made up of rocks, sands and coral banks
and emerging 2 meters above sea level. It is a very sterile land where only certain weeds
grow, o the ESE and 37 kilometers of San Andrés is the bank of Courtown, also known
as East-South-east Cay’s and Albo Katou’s Cay’s, made up by three islets of sterile rocks
and sand, rising a meter over sea level; currently they only produce weeds, although
there used to be lots of coconut trees that were ravaged by the strong waves and strong
storm of 1839. There is guano on them. These cays are sheltered by a reef that starts at
about 1½ km south of the largest one, and that extends north over 10 kilometers. The
waters where these cays emerge are very dangerous, in particular, for ships coming from
New Orleans and shipwrecks are common there.
4.° Serrana Bank (14°18’ and 13°27’ latitude N. and 81°18’ longitude W.) This bank is
68 kilometers NE of Providencia and NNE off the previous one, It is made up by five
islets rising 2 ½ meters above sea level. The one in the N. is 90 meters long by 45 meters
wide: It is formed by rocks, coral bans and lacks vegetation. That in the SW, and larger,
is 180 meters long by 76 meters wide. It is composed of sand and shredded rocks,
covered in grass. It rises 7 ½ meters over the others and contains guano. The three in the
S. are small and are very close to one another; the first two are sandbanks covered in
grass; the third one emerges as a screen of the other two and is but a rock without vegetation.
These islets are sheltered on the NW, E, and SE, by an 11-kilometer, half moon-shaped
reef, the endpoints of which are 5 km apart.
6
5.° Quita-sueño Bank (14°12’ latitude N, 81°6’ longitude W.) West of and 120 km off
Serrana and N. and 90 km off Providencia. It is made up by five islets of rocks and sands,
in line from N to S; it contains guano and some coconut trees. It owes its name to the
peril posed to ships that approach it, if they are not very careful, due to the almost hidden
oval- shaped reef surrounding it, with a 28 km radius.
These are the cays that form the group of Providencia. North of these and on a row are
those of Serranilla.
6.° Serranilla Bank (15°52’ lat. N. and 80°20’ longitude W.) They are 430 km NE of
Providencia and to the N. and 187 km off Serrana. These cays of Serranilla are made up
by three banks, similar in shape and substance to those of Roncador: they are on a row
towards the NE, one in the center, another to the S. and another to the NE of the central
one. Close to the islet on the NE there is, on the same bank, another that they call Beacon
cay….
7.° Bajo Nuevo Bank is to the E. of Serrana and 218 km off it (15°55’ lat. N 79°45’ long.
W.) It is oval-shaped, with a radius of 23 km, analogous to that of Roncador. …”10
1892
5. In the description of the territory of Colombia in the “New Geography of
Colombia” (Nueva Geografía de Colombia), published in 1892 by order of the National
Government, it is stated:
“Atlantic coast - … two hundred km to the North of that coast we possess, in plain
sea, the Archipelago of San Andrés (San Andrés, Santa Catalina, Providencia and
several cays and islets), important because of its position and products, where
English is spoken.” 11
1901
6. The 1901 edition of the same important official work, “New Geography of
Colombia” (Nueva Geografía de Colombia) states as follows:
“… Two hundred kilometers North of the coast of Chiriquí [Panamá, which, at the
time, was still part of Colombia] Colombia possesses, in the middle of the
7
10 Ibid.
11 F. J. Vergara Velasco, Nueva Geografía de Colombia. Published by order of the National
Government (Bogotá, Imprenta de Vapor de Zalamea Hermanos, 1892), p. XIII.
Caribbean Sea, the Archipelago of San Andrés (San Andrés, Santa Catalina,
Providencia and numerous cays and islets), important because of its strategic position
and its products …”12
In this same publication, in the section titled “Appendix”, number III states as follows:
“Islands: Providencia, San Andrés, Little Corn, Great Corn, Alburquerque, Courtown,
Quitasueño, Serrana and Roncador”.13
1907
7. The official “Digest of Colombian Geography for the Use of Public and Private
Schools” (Compendio de Geografía de Colombia para Uso de las Escuelas y Colegios),
1907 edition, paraphrases the Loubet Award whereby the limits between Colombia and
Costa Rica were defined:
“Political limits.-
With Costa Rica …As for as the outermost islands from the continent and located
between the Coast of Mosquitos and the Isthmus of Panama, in particular Mangle
Chico, Mangle Grande, Cays of Alburquerque, San Andrés, Santa Catalina,
Providencia, Escudo de Veraguas, as well as any other islands, islets and banks that
used to belong to the former Province of Cartagena, under the name of ‘Canton de
San Andres’, it is understood that the territory of those islands, without excepting
any of them, belong to the Republic of Colombia..”14
1914
8. The official “Course of Elementary Geography, by the Modern Inductive
Cyclical System” (Curso de Geografía Elemental por el Moderno Sistema Cíclico
Inductivo), published in 1914, contains a short review of the islands of San Andrés, in
which the following description can be read:
“Archipelago of San Andrés. – Among the islands belonging to Colombia in the
Sea of the Antillas that may be included in this region, we are awed by the extension
and commerce pertaining to the Archipelago of San Andrés, which is com-
8
12 F. J. Vergara Velasco, Nueva Geografía de Colombia Escrita por Regiones Naturales. Vol. I, First
official illustrated edition (Bogotá, Imprenta de Vapor, 1901), p. 11.
13 Ibid., p. 16.
14 A. M. Díaz Lemos, Compendio de Geografía de la República de Colombia. Texto adoptado para la
enseñanza en todos los Establecimientos de educación de la República de Colombia (Barcelona,
Imprenta de Henrich y Compañía en Comandita, 1907), p. 36.
posed of the islands of San Andrés and San Luis de Providencia, Santa Catalina
and the Cays of Roncador, Serranía, Serranilla, Quitasueño and other islets of lesser
importance.”15
1921
9. In the booklet “Colombia Hanbdook” (Colombia en la mano), published in 1921,
portraying several aspects of Colombian reality, the Archipelago is described in the following
terms:
“Intendancy of San Andrés and Providencia. Situation: The archipelago is composed
of the islands of San Andrés, Providencia, Santa Catalina, Corn-Island and
the cays de Roncador, Quitasueño, Serrana, Serranilla, South Key, Alburquerque,
Cotton Key, Grit Key, Johnie, Rocky Key, Grassi Key, East South, East Key.”16
1923
10. The 1923 edition of the official “Digest of Colombian Geography for the Use of
Public and Private Schools” (Compendio de Geografía de Colombia para Uso de las
Escuelas y Colegios), reads:
“Intendancies. The Intendancy of San Andrés and Providencia is formed by the
archipelago of the same name, located in the Sea of the Antilles, north of the
Panamanian coasts and east of those of Nicaragua, made up by the islands of San
Andrés, Providencia, Santa Catalina and the Cays of Roncador, Serrana, Serranilla,
Quitasueño and others of less importance.”17
1926
11. The “Geography of Colombia” (Geografía de Colombia) published in 1926 has
the following to say on the islands:
9
15 J. S. Montañés, Curso de Geografía Elemental por el Moderno Sistema Cíclico Inductivo - Primer
Ciclo, escrito para las escuelas y colegios de Colombia (1st Ed., Bogotá, Arboleda & Valencia
Editores, 1914), p. 157.
16 L. Palau, Colombia en la mano (2nd ed., Bogotá, Casa Editorial de La Nación, 1921), p. 125.
17 C. Martinez, Compendio de Geografía de Colombia para Uso de las Escuelas y Colegios.
Directorio General de Colombia - Comercial, Geográfico, Administrativo y Estadístico Silva
(Bogotá, Casa editorial Colombia, 1923), p. 155.
“Intendancy of San Andrés and Providencia. Situation. The Intendancy [of] San
Andrés and Providencia is composed of the Archipelago of the same name, located in
the Sea of the Antillas… The main islands of the Archipelago are those of San Andrés,
Providencia and Santa Catalina, and the cays of Roncador and Quitasueño.”18
1928
12. A new “Geography of Colombia, Advanced Course” (Geaografía de Colombia –
Curso Superior), describes as follows the islands of San Andrés and Providencia:
“Situation. – The Intendencia of San Andrés and Providencia is an archipelago
composed of the small islands of San Andrés and Providencia, which give it its
name and some more. It is located North of Panamá and East of Nicaragua. The
island of San Andrés, which is the main island is some 11 Km. in length. The other
islands or islets of the archipelago are: Santa Catalina, Corn island, and the cays
de Roncador, Quitasueño, Serrana, Serranilla, South Key, Alburquerque, Cotton
Key, Grit Key, Johnie, Rocky Key, Grassi Key, East South, East Key.”19
1935
13. The book titled “Ten Lights on the Future” (10 luces sobre el futuro), published
in 1935 contains the following description, in the section dealing with the Colombian
political divisions:
“Island of San Andrés and Island of Providencia. Situation and appearance. …The
National Intendancy of San Andrés and Providencia is formed by two islands and
thirteen cays: San Andrés de Providencia that is the capital, and Providencia. This
latter island is divided in two by a channel: Santa Isabel, municipal capital and
Santa Catalina. These islands and the following cays constitute the Archipelago
proper: Roncador, Serrana, Serranilla, Quitasueño, South West Cay, or
Alburquerque, East South East Cay (Bolívar Cay), Johnn [sic] Cay, Heihgn’s [sic]
Cay, Cotton Cay, Grunt Cay, Rose Cay, Grassy Cay y Rocky Cay”.20
1936
14. In the “Advanced Course of Geography” (Curso Superior de Geografía), published
in 1936, in Bogotá, by Camilo Jiménez, it is stated:
10
18 L. Martínez Delgado, Geografía de Colombia (2nd ed., Bogotá, Editorial de Cromos, 1926), p. 259.
19 F.D.T., Geografía de Colombia - Curso Superior (Tercera edición, Cali, Procuraduría de los
Hermanos Maristas, 1928), p. 71.
20 M. Roca Castellanos, Diez Luces sobre el Futuro (Bogotá, Editorial Renacimiento, 1935), p. 47.
“The Intendancy of San Andrés and Providencia ‘…is formed by the Archipelago
of the same name, located in the Sea of the Antilles, north of the Republic of
Panama and East of Nicaragua...’
(…)
“The Archipelago is formed by the islands of San Andrés, Providencia, Santa
Catalina, Corn Island and the cays of Roncador, Quitasueño, Serrana, Serranilla,
South Key, Alburquerque, Cotton Key, Grit Key, Johnie, Rocki Key, Grassi Key,
East South, East Key…”
“The cays of Roncador, Quitasueño and Serrana were occupied by the United
States in July 1919, despite the protests of the National Government that still maintains
Colombia’s sovereignty over them …”21
15. In the “Geography of the Republic of Colombia” (Geografía de la República de
Colombia), by José Manuel Botero, published in 1936, the Archipelago of San Andrés
and Providencia is described as follows:
“It is an Archipelago located in the Sea of the Antilles, North of Panama, and
formed by several islands and cays. The most important are those of San Andrés
and Providencia and the cays of Roncador, Serrana, Quitasueño, Serranilla and
Alburquerque…”22
1937
16. In the “Physical Geography and of the Republic of Colombia” (Geografía Física
y de la República de Colombia), by José Manuel Botero, published in 1937, the
Archipelago of San Andrés and Providencia is described as follows:
“It is an Archipelago located in the Sea of the Antilles, North of Panama, and
formed by several islands and cays. The most important are those of San Andrés
and Providencia and the cays of Roncador, Serrana, Quitasueño, Serranilla and
Alburquerque…”23
11
21 C. Jiménez, Curso Superior de Geografía (2nd Ed., Bogotá, Librería Col.-Camacho Roldán & Cia,
S.A., 1936), p. 72.
22 J.M. Botero, Geografía de la Repúblia de Colombia (Medellín, Imp. Universidad, 1936), p. 152.
23 J.M. Botero, Geografía Física y de la República de Colombia (Medellín, Imp. Universidad, 1937),
p. 198.
1938
17. The widely publicized book “Our Beautiful Colombian Country” (Nuestro Lindo
País Colombiano) by Daniel Samper Ortega, re-edited and reprinted on several occasions
between 1937 (1st edition) and 1977, stated:
“On 12°31’ latitude north and 81°42’ longitude west of the Greenwich Meridian,
to the North of Panama, the east of Nicaragua and the northwest of Colombia,
there exists a portion of Colombian territory named the Archipelago (a term that
means part of the sea sprinkled with islands) of San Andrés and Providencia. It is
formed by the islands of San Andrés, Providencia and Santa Catalina; the cays or
flat, sandy and swampy islands of Alburquerque, Bolívar, Johnnie, Cotton, Crunt,
Roncador and Quitasueño, and the banks of Serrana, Serranilla and Queena”.24
1940
18. The Bulletin published by the Colombian Geographical Society, in its July 1940
edition, contains the following description of the Archipelago:
“General data, situation and appearance. - The Archipelago of San Andrés and
Providencia is located in the north of the Sea of the Antilles in front of the
Nicaraguan coasts. Its territorial extension is 55 square kilometers and it is formed
by the islands of San Andrés, Providencia, Santa Catalina and thirteen cays named
as follows: 1°. Johnny Cay 2. Courtown Cay 3° Alburquerque Cay 4° Heines Cay
5° Cotton Cay 6° Grunt Cay 7°Rose Cay 8° Grassy Cay 9° Rocki Cay 10°
Roncador 11° Serrana 12° Serranilla, y 13° Quitasueño. The first nine cays mentioned
above, belong to the San Andrés group, and the last four, to that of
Providencia.”25
1944
19. The same Bulletin, published by the Colombian Geographical Society, in its May
1944 edition, contains a study called “The Colombian Cays in the Caribbean”, the pertinent
part of which reads as follows:
“The Archipelago, located in the Caribbean Sea, some 400 miles, on average, from the
Colombian mainland coast, is formed by the islands of San Andrés, Vieja Providencia
and Santa Catalina and by the cays of Roncador, Quitasueño, Serrana, Serranilla,
12
24 D. Samper Ortega, Nuestro Lindo País Colombiano - Descripción y Antología (2nd Ed., Bogotá,
Librería Colombiana, 1938), p. 106.
25 H. Mora Angueira, “Archipiélago de San Andrés”, in Academia de Ciencias Geográficas, Boletín de
la Sociedad Geográfica de Colombia, Vol. VI, No. 4 (Bogotá, 1940), p. 238.
Alburquerque and other lesser ones, less close to the aforementioned ones…”26
1945
20. In the 1945 “New Geography of Colombia, Political, Physical and Human
Aspects; work adapted to the official high-school curriculum and of general information”
(Nueva Geografía de Colombia, Aspectos Político, Físico, Humano; obra adaptada
al programa oficial de bachillerato y de información general) it is stated:
“The oceanic islands.- The Archipelago of San Andrés and Providencia is located
in the Caribbean Sea… The archipelago is formed by two greater islands: that of
San Andrés and that of Providencia. Next to this island, there is another small one
called Santa Catalina. The three islands are surrounded by banks… The banks,
located to the north and northeast of the islands, are: Quitasueño, Serrana, Roca
que vela, Serranilla, Alicia and Bajo Nuevo and the cays that have been given
proper names in insular nomenclature are: of Alburquerque, Vigía, of the Eastsoutheast
and of Roncador, located to the south and east of the islands.”27
1948
21. In 1948, the widely known book “The Far-away Archipelago” (El Archipiélago
Lejano) stated that the Archipelago of San Andrés was formed,
“…by two groups as follows: San Andrés Group: Island of San Andrés, Johnny
Islet, Bolivar islet, Alburquerque islet, Haynes islet, Algodón [Cotton] islet, Grunt
Cay, Rose Cay, Grasey Cay, Rocky Cay. Providencia Group: island of Providencia,
island of Santa Catalina, Roncador Cay, Serrana Cay, Serranilla Cay, Quitasueño
Shoal.” 28
1952
22. In 1952, the work “Colombia: Advanced Geography, economic and human
resources” (Colombia: Geografía superior, económica y humana), describes the
Archipelago as follows:
13
26 D. Ortega Ricaurte, “Los Cayos colombianos del Caribe”, in Academia de Ciencias Geográficas,
Boletín de la Sociedad Geográfica de Colombia, Vol. VII, No. 3 (Bogotá, 1944), p. 279.
27 P. Vila, Nueva geografía de Colombia: aspectos político, físico, humano y económico; obra adaptada
al programa oficial de bachillerato y de información general (Bogotá, Librería Colombiana, 1945),
p. 63.
28 G. Ruiz Rivas, El Archipiélago Lejano (San Andrés y Providencia) (Barranquilla, Ediciones Arte,
1948), p. 113.
“Colombian Islands in the Caribbean. …In the Atlantic we only possess as “oceanic”
the Archipelago of San Andrés and Providencia, 400 miles Northwest of Cartagena,
in front of the coast of Nicaragua. It forms the Intendencia of the same name.
The Archipelago consists of two islands and thirteen cays. The islands are: San
Andrés and Providencia. The latter is divided in two, separated by a channel,
namely: Santa Isabel and Santa Catalina. Among the thirteen cays, the following
feature: Roncador, Serrana, Serranilla, Quitasueño, Alburquerque, Bolívar and others
with English names.”29
1953
23. In 1953, the “Geographical Dictionary of Colombia”, published by the central
bank of Colombia (“Diccionario Geográfico de Colombia”) contains the following
description of the islands and cays of the Archipelago:
“Alburquerque. Islet of the Archipelago of San Andrés and Providencia in the Sea
of the Antilles, located between 12°13’ Lat. N. and 7°44’ de Long. Wof the Bogotá
meridian.”30
“Bajo Nuevo. Cays in the Archipelago of San Andrés and Providencia in the
Atlantic Ocean. They are located close to the 16th parallel and at 4°45’ Long. W
of the Bogotá meridian.”31
“Providencia. Island in the Atlantic Sea… it is on 13°22’54” de Lat. N. and
7°16’30” Long. E. of Bogotá... It forms the Corregimiento of Providencia and its
municipal capital is Santa Isabel…”32
“Quita Sueño. Bank of the Archipelago of San Andrés and Providencia, in the
Atlantic Ocean. It extends between 14°14’ and 14°29’ Lat. N. and between 7°07’
and 7°04’ Long. W. of the Bogotá meridian.”33
“Roncador. Cay in the Atlantic Ocean; it belongs to the Archipelago of San Andrés
y Providencia. Lat. N.: It is located at 13°30’ Long.: between 5°55’ west of the
Bogotá meridian (approximately)...”34
14
29 R. Franco, Colombia: Geografía superior, económica y humana (Bogotá, Imprenta del Banco de la
República, 1952), pp. 20-21.
30 E. J. Gómez, Diccionario Geográfico de Colombia (Bogotá, Imprenta del Banco de la República,
1953), p. 13.
31 Ibid., at p. 32.
32 Ibid., at p. 219.
33 Ibid., at p. 229.
34 Ibid., at p. 238.
“San Andrés and Providencia. (Int.) It is formed by a group of islands and cays that
constitute the Archipelago that is the most distant of the national territories. It is
located in the north of the Sea of the Antilles, in front of the Nicaraguan coasts.
The island of San Andrés... is located at 12°31’40” Lat. N. and 81°43’06” Long.
W. of Greenwich; 7°38’15” Long. E. of Bogotá... The Archipelago is formed by
the islands of San Andrés, Providencia and Santa Catalina, the islets of Jonny,
Bolívar, Alburquerque, Haynes, Algodón [Cotton], the cays of Grunt, Rose,
Grasey, Rocky, Roncador, Serrana, Serranilla and the Shoal of Quitasueño...”35
“Santa Catalina. Island in the Atlantic Sea, of the Archipelago of San Andrés and
Providencia, is separated from the island of Providencia by a channel 200 or 300
mt. wide...”36
“Serrana and Serranilla. Cays close to the island of Providencia (Int. of San Andrés
and Providencia).” 37
1954
24. The Colombian Geographical Society, in the “Geographical Synopsis of the
Archipelago of San Andrés and Providencia (Sinopsis Geográfica del Archipiélago de
San Andrés y Providencia), describes the Archipelago in the following terms:
“The Archipelago was created and organized as a National Intendancy by Law
52 of 1912. Located in the Caribbean Sea, it is formed by two greater Islands, 48
miles apart, called San Andrés and Providencia. Separated from the latter by an
arm of sea is a small Island called Santa Catalina. The three Islands are surrounded
by cays and shoals formed by coral surfacing above sea level. Besides them,
the Archipelago is formed by a series of cays and shoals that may be described
as follows: To the N and N.E. of Providencia: Quitasueño Bank, Serrana Bank,
Roca que Vela Bank, Serranilla Bank, Alicia Bank; they are all shoals, that is,
swept over by the waves and with small elevations that are enhanced in low tides
and the Cays of Roncador and Serrana, within the bank of that name. To the E.
and S. of San Andrés are the cays of Bolívar (Courthon Cay), Alburquerque and
Vigía.”38
15
35 Ibid., at p. 245.
36 Ibid., at p. 261.
37 Ibid., at p. 268.
38 M. J. Lobo Guerrero, “Sinopsis Geográfica del Archipelago of San Andrés y Providencia”, in
Academia de Ciencias Geográficas, Boletín de la Sociedad Geográfica de Colombia, Vol. XII, Nos.
3 and 4 (Bogotá, 1954), p. 193.
1955
25. The 1955 text of the “Physical and Economic Geography of Colombia”
(Geografía Física y Económica de Colombia), describes the Intendancy of San Andrés
as follows:
“General data. The intendancy is constituted by the islands of San Andres and
Providencia and a group of banks and cays that, as a group, form an archipelago.
This [archipelago] is located in the Atlantic Ocean, in the vicinity of the Republic
of Nicaragua, and at a distance of 385 nautical miles to the northwest of
Cartagena.”39
26. That same year, the “Geography of Colombia – Advanced Course” (Geografía de
Colombia – Curso Superior) describes the Archipelago as follows:
“Archipelago of San Andrés y Providencia, that forms the Intendancy of the
same name, located 400 miles northwest of Cartagena. It is constituted by two
islands: San Andrés and Providencia; the latter, divided by a channel, forms
those of Santa Isabel and Santa Catalina. The Archipelago also has 13 cays,
among which are Roncador, Serrana, Serranilla, Quitasueño, Alburquerque and
Bolívar”.40
1956
27. The Colombian Geographical Society, in its Bulletin’s supplement, “Notebooks
on Colombian Geography” (Cuadernos de Geografía de Colombia), in the edition dedicated
to the Archipelago of San Andrés y Providencia, describes the Archipelago in the
following terms:
“Geographical details. ‘The Archipelago comprises a series of banks with altitudes
from 1 to 6 meters called cays, made up of coralline material and the
detritus derived wherefrom. …The two only considerable and relatively large
elevations are the islands of San Andrés and Providencia. The Archipelago runs
in a northeast general direction and is 500 km long. The elements that constitute
it are: In the south, the island of San Andrés with the Cay of Alburquerque
to the south and the Cay of the ESE to the Southeast; the island of Providencia,
80 km NNW off the island of San Andrés; the cay of Roncador and the banks
of Serrana and Quitasueño, in the mid-section; and Bajo Nuevo and the Banks
16
39 J. Arango Cano, Geografía Física y Económica de Colombia (Bogotá, Antares Imprenta-
Fotograbado, 1955), pp. 266-267.
40 Rev. M. Gonzalo, F.S.C, Geografía de Colombia - Curso superior (Bogotá, Librería Stella, 1955), p.
25.
of Serranilla and Alicia in the NE.”41
1964
28. In the work edited by the Colombian Institute of Geography, Instituto Geográfico
“Agustín Codazzi” in 1964, called “Colombia: the coasts and the insular territories”
(Colombia: las costas y las tierras insulares), the Archipelago is described as follows:
“The archipelago is formed by three large islands and a series of banks and cays
of up to 6 mt. of altitude. The islands are: to the south, San Andrés; Providencia,
80 km. NNE off the former; and to the NW of Providencia and separated from it
by a narrow arm of sea, the island of Santa Catalina. The three islands are surrounded
by cays, and in almost every direction around them, there are sand banks
and coral reefs. To the south of San Andrés the cays of Alburquerque, Bolivar and
Vigía are located; to the East-Southeast those of the ESE. To the north and northeast
of Providencia are the banks and cays of Quitasueño, Serrana, Roca que Vela
y Roncador; Bajo Nuevo and the banks of Serranilla and Alicia are at the northernmost
border of the Archipelago.
The main cays are Sucre or Johnny Cay, Alburquerque (50 km off the main island), ESE
or Courtown (25 km off San Andrés), Córdoba or Haine Cay, Santander or Cotton Cay,
Grunt Cay, Grassy Cay, Rose Cay, Rocoso or Rocky Cay, Roncador, Serrana, Serranilla,
Quitasueño.”42
1968
29. In Number 23 of the series “Notebooks on Colombian Geography” (Cuadernos
de Geografía de Colombia), supplement to the Bulletin published by the Colombian
Geographical Society, a compilation of geographic terms of Colombia was included.
Between letters N and R, the following entries are found:
“Providencia (and Santa Catalina). Group of islands in the archipelago of San
Andrés and Providencia.
Providencia. Island in the archipelago of San Andrés and Providencia.
17
41 E. Hubach (Geologist, Director of the National Geological Institute), “Aspectos geográficos y geológicos
y recursos de las islas de San Andrés y Providencia”, in Cuadernos de Geografía de Colombia,
Suplemento al Boletín de la Sociedad Geográfica de Colombia, Nº 12 (Bogotá, 1956), p. 8.
42 D. M. Avila, Colombia. Las Costas y las Tierras insulares (Bogotá, Banco de Datos, Instituto
Geográfico Agustín Codazzi, 1964), p. 2.
Quitasueño. Cay belonging to the group of la Providencia (San Andrés and
Providencia)
Roncador. Cay belonging to the group of la Providencia and Santa Catalina, archipelago
of San Andrés and Providencia.”43
1969
30. In the 1969 book, “The Island of San Andrés” (La Isla de San Andrés) the following
description of the Archipelago is made:
“The Archipelago is formed by 3 islands to wit: San Andrés or St. Andrews (formerly
also known as Henrietta and St. Andreas), Providencia or Old Providence
and Santa Catalina. In addition, a group of islets or cays, the elevation of which
above sea level, in general, is only from 1-6 m., extends from N to S from Pedro
Bank (Jamaica), until the S and SE of San Andrés, for a distance of some 500
km. These cays are essentially made up by calcareous “sand” and are: Johnny
Cay, Rose Cay, Rocky Cay, Haynes Cay, Cotton Cay, East-southeast (or
Courtown Cay), Alburquerque Cay, Grunt Cay, Grasey Cay, Roncador Bank,
Serrana Bank, Serranilla Cay and Quitasueño Bank. (For further details on the
cays and banks, see Ortega Ricaurte, 1942 and Sarmiento Alarcón y Sandoval,
1953).”44
1972
31. On the occasion of the 150 anniversary of the integration of the Archipelago
to the Republic of Colombia, the booklet “San Andrés and Providencia – Colombia,
150 Years in the life of the islands 1822–1972” (San Andrés y Providencia –
Colombia, 150 años en la vida de las islas) was published. The following text is
included:
“The Archipelago of San Andrés and Providencia, formed by the only oceanic
islands that Colombia possesses in the Atlantic, is located northwest from the
country… It is composed of the islands of San Andrés, Providencia and Santa
Catalina, the latter being separated by a 100 meters channel called Canal Aury,
built in the XVII Century for defensive purposes related to both islands; the islets
18
43 A. D. Bateman, "Vocabulario Geográfico de Colombia Letras N - Ñ - O - P - Q - R", in
Cuadernos de Geografía de Colombia, Suplemento al Boletín de la Sociedad Geográfica de Colombia,
Nº 23 (Bogotá, 1968), p. 148, 180,213.
44 Universidad Nacional, Instituto de Ciencias Naturales - Facultad de Ciencias, La Isla de San
Andrés (Bogotá, Dirección de Divulgación Cultural - Publicaciones, 1969), p. 11.
Bolívar, Alburquerque, Haynes and Algodón and the cays Grunt, Johnny Cay,
Rosse Grassey, Rocki, Roncador, Serrana, Serranilla and Quitasueño.”45
1973
32. The 1973 Spanish book, “Marín’s World Geography” (Geografía Universal
Marín), volume 6 of which was titled “America and the Polar Zones” (América y las
Zonas Polares) contains the following description of the Archipelago, in the section
dealing with Colombia’s political divisions:
“The current intendancies are San Andrés and Providencia, Arauca and Caquetá.
San Andrés and Providencia constitute an Archipelago the two main islands of
which lend the administrative division its name, in addition to the islets or cays of
Roncador, Serrana, Quitasueño, Bajo Nuevo, Serranilla, Courtown and
Alburquerque cays. The jurisdictional limit of waters of this archipelago... to the
west is the 82nd meridian, separating it from the Nicaraguan Corn islands, ceded
by that country to the United States.”46
1975
33. The 1975 “Overview of Colombian Tropical Geography” (Bosquejo de
Geografía Tropical de Colombia) contains the following description:
“Colombia’s geo-hydrography.
(…)
The oceanic islands
A submarine volcanic plateau… constitutes the Archipelago of San Andrés and
Providencia, formed by two greater islands: that of San Andrés, some 10 km long
and 3-5 wide, and Providencia, 5 km long and 4 wide, and next to it, the small
island of Santa Catalina. The islands are surrounded by banks, rare and barren
coral elevations, and some cays.”47
19
45 J. Paredes Cruz, San Andrés y Providencia - Colombia, 150 años en la vida de las islas 1822 - 1972
(Bogotá, Ediciones Cima, 1972), p. 7.
46 Geografía Universal Marín. Vol. 6: América y las Zonas Polares (2nd ed., Barcelona, Editorial
Marín, 1973), p. 302.
47 E. Guhl, Colombia: Bosquejo de su geografía tropical, Vol. I (Bogotá, Instituto Colombiano de
Cultura - Biblioteca Básica Colombiana, 1975), p. 172.
1976
34. In 1976, the book “Geography of Colombia” (Geografía de Colombia)48 points
out in several sections the appurtenance of the Archipelago of San Andrés and
Providencia to the republic of Colombia, highlighting some of the international agreements
entered into by the country with regard to those territories, portraying them as an
integral part of the country:
“Special treaties…
(…)
With the United States of America: Agreement concerning the status of the banks
of Serrana and Quitasueño and the cay of Roncador, appertaining to the
Archipelago of San Andrés and Providencia.”49
Subsequently, it refers to the Archipelago in the following terms:
“…the Archipelago of San Andrés and Providencia is located 720 km northwest of
Cartagena and between parallels 12° and 16° N, and enclosed by the 79th and 82nd
meridians in the warm Caribbean Sea.
...The banks of Serrana (14°40’ latitude N and 80°3’ longitude W) and Quitasueño
(14°40’ latitude N and 81°20’ longitude W) and o Roncador cay...”50
1977
35. The 1977 “Economic Geography of Colombia – 4th Grade. Middle School”
(Geografía Económica de Colombia – Curso 4º - Enseñanza Media),51 in the section
dealing with continental and oceanic islands, reads as follows:
“In the Atlantic we only have as “oceanic” [islands] the Archipelago of San Andrés
and Providencia, 740 km northwest of Cartagena, in front of the Nicaraguan coast.
The Archipelago is formed by two islands and thirteen cays. The islands are: San
Andrés and Providencia, the latter divided in two by a channel: Santa Isabel and
Santa Catalina. Among the thirteen cays are those of Roncador, Serrana, Serranilla,
Quitasueño, Alburquerque, Bolívar and others.”
20
48 F. Arbeláez Lema, Geografía de Colombia (Bogotá, Editorial Norma, 1976), pp. 11, 92.
49 Ibid., at p. 11.
50 Ibid., at p. 92.
51 R. Franco R. and F. Franco B., Geografía Económica de Colombia, curso 4º - Enseñanza media
(Medellín, Editorial Bedout, 1977), p. 11.
1978
36. The book entitled “Monography of the Archipelago of San Andrés” refers to
these islands in the following terms:
“Between meridians 78 and 82 to the west of the Greenwich meridian, between
parallels 12 and 16 north of the Equator, a square is formed enclosing all the
islands, islets, cays and banks that form part of the Archipelago of San Andrés and
Providencia…
-The maritime features in this unit can be divided into two groups, as follows:
Group of San Andrés. 1. Alburquerque Islet. 2. Haynes or Córdoba Islet. 3. Bolívar
Islet. 4. Johnny Cay or Sucre Islet. 5. Cotton Cay or Santander Islet. 6. Grunt Cay.
7. Rose or Acuario Cay. 8. Grasey Cay. 9. Rocky Cay.
Group of Providencia: 1. Island of Santa Catalina. 2. Roncador Cay. 3. Quitasueño
Shoal. 4. Cay Serrana Islet. 5. Cay Serranilla Islet. 6. Bajo Nuevo.”52
37. In the same year of 1978, as part of the series “From High school to College”
(Del Bachillerato a la Universidad), a volume entitled “Abridged Geography”
(Geografía Resumida) was published. The Archipelago is described as follows:
“Islands of San Andrés and Providencia: They are Colombia’s most important
oceanic archipelago, both because of its strategic position, as well as due to its economic
worth …
They are formed by the islands of San Andrés, Providencia, Santa Catalina and
several cays, among which are notorious those of Roncador, Quitasueño, Serrana
and Serranilla.” 53
21
52 F. Díaz Galindo, Monografía del Archipiélago de San Andrés (Bogotá. Ediciones Medio Pliego,
1978), p. 7.
53 M. Marañon, Colección del Bachillerato a la Universidad-Geografia Resumida (Bogotá, Editorial
Norma, 1978), p. 171.

Appendix 3
LIST OF GOVERNORS, PREFECTS AND INTENDENTES
OF THE COLOMBIAN ARCHIPELAGO OF SAN ANDRES,
PROVIDENCIA AND SANTA CATALINA SINCE 1803
1803 TOMAS O’NEYLLE
1811 LUIS GARCÍA
1812 MANUEL GONZALEZ SARMIENTO
1818 LUIS AURY
1821 JUAN BAUTISTA FAIQUERE
1822 SEVERO COURTOIS
1826 ANTONIO CARDENAS
1827 MARCELO BUYTRAGO
1841 ANTONIO ESCALONA
1846 ANTONIO ESCALONA – Prefect
Government Bureau – Designations of Political Chiefs. Gaceta Oficial N°
774, 4 January 1846.
1847 FERNANDO CAMPOS – Prefect
Secretary of Government. Gaceta Oficial N° 897 of 25 July 1847.
1847 DIEGO C. CARO – Prefect
Official Notices – Designations. Gaceta Oficial N° 918 of 7 October
1847.
1848 ANTONIO ESCALONA – Prefect
Designations. Gaceta Oficial N° 988 of 15 June 1848.
1853 RICARDO T. BOWIE
W. Cabrera, San Andrés y Providencia – Historia (Bogotá, Ed. Cosmos,
1980) 158.
23
1863 EDUARDO MAMBY – Political Chief
Decrees of the Governorship. Crónica Oficial de la Provincia de
Cartagena, N° 127, Cartagena, 19 November 1854.
1864 POLIDORO MARTÍNEZ
W. Cabrera, San Andrés y Providencia – Historia (Bogotá, Ed. Cosmos,
1980) 158.
1868 FRANCISCO A. VELA – Prefect
Decree naming the Prefect of the Territory of San Andrés and
Providencia, 23 September 1868. Diario Oficial N° 1343, 26 September
1868.
1869 POLIDORO MARTÍNEZ – Prefect
Decree whereby the Prefect of the National Territory of San Andrés and
Providencia, 22 July 1871. Diario Oficial N° 2308, 1 August 1871.
1872 EMILIO MARTÍNEZ – Prefect
Note from the Bureau of Finance and Development of 28 October 1872
to the Secretary of the Interior and Foreign Affairs, informing of the
Prefect’s abandonment of his post.
1873 EDUARDO ARANA
W. Cabrera, San Andrés y Providencia – Historia (Bogotá, Ed. Cosmos,
1980) 159.
1874 JOAQUIN VALLARINO (MALLARINO)
W. Cabrera, San Andrés y Providencia – Historia (Bogotá, Ed. Cosmos,
1980) 159.
1875 EDUARDO MAMBY
W. Cabrera, San Andrés y Providencia – Historia (Bogotá, Ed. Cosmos,
1980) 159.
1876 RICHARD NEWBALL – Prefect
Decree N° 123 of 16 March 1876. Note of 1 May 1876, whereby Richard
Newball informs the Secretary of the Interior and Foreign Affairs that he
took office as Prefect.
1877 FRANCISCO CAPELLA – Prefect
Decree N° 523 of 5 September 1877. Note of 5 October 1877 whereby
Francisco Capella informs the Secretary of the Interior and Foreign
Affairs that he took office as Prefect.
24
1878 FELIPE FRANCO – Prefect
Note of 1 April 1878 whereby Felipe Franco informs the Secretary of the
Interior and Foreign Affairs that he took office as Prefect.
1879 FELIPE FRANCO – Prefect
Decree N° 33 of 20 January 1879.
1879 LUIS CARLOS PÉREZ – Prefect
Decree N° 426 of 27 September 1879.
1879 MIGUEL PORRAS
W. Cabrera, San Andrés y Providencia – Historia (Bogotá, Ed. Cosmos,
1980) 159.
1880/83 LUIS CARLOS PIÑERES – Prefect
W. Cabrera, San Andrés y Providencia – Historia (Bogotá, Ed. Cosmos,
1980) 159. Referred to in Decree N° 37 of 11 January 1883. Diario Oficial
N° 5591 of 15 January 1883.
1883 FELIPE FRANCO – Prefect
Decree N° 37 of 11 January 1883. Diario Oficial N° 5591 of 15 January
1883.
1883 LEONIDAS TOLEDO – Prefect ad interim
Decree N° 652 of 30 June 1883. Diario Oficial N° 5767 of 10 July 1883.
1884 MILAGROS CORREA– Prefect
Note of 17 July 1884 from the Secretary of the Interior and Foreign
Affairs, acknowledging receipt of Mr. Correa’s note of 12 June whereby
he informs having taken office as Prefect.
1884 JUAN ARIAS – Prefect
Decree N° 745 of 4 September 1884. Diario Oficial N° 6195 of 10
September 1884.
1886 MANUEL A. URIBE – Prefect
Correspondence of the Secretary of Government and War, informing that
by Decree 111 of 1 July the civil and Military Governor of the Department
has designated Mr. Uribe as Prefect.
1890 FRANCISCO VÉLEZ
W. Cabrera, San Andrés y Providencia – Historia (Bogotá, Ed. Cosmos,
1980) 159.
25
1891 JUAN C. RAMÍREZ
W. Cabrera, San Andrés y Providencia – Historia (Bogotá, Ed. Cosmos,
1980) 159.
1892-97 MAXIMILIANO VÉLEZ
W. Cabrera, San Andrés y Providencia – Historia (Bogotá, Ed. Cosmos,
1980) 159. Note N° 28 of 31 March 1892 from the Prefecture to the
Governorship of Cartagena.
1898 JOSE J. JIMÉNEZ
W. Cabrera, San Andrés y Providencia – Historia (Bogotá, Ed. Cosmos,
1980) 159.
1899 ALEJANDRO POMBO
W. Cabrera, San Andrés y Providencia – Historia (Bogotá, Ed. Cosmos,
1980) 159.
1900 DOMINGO GALLARDO
W. Cabrera, San Andrés y Providencia – Historia (Bogotá, Ed. Cosmos,
1980) 159.
1901-04 ALEJANDRO POMBO
W. Cabrera, San Andrés y Providencia – Historia (Bogotá, Ed. Cosmos,
1980) 159.
1905-08 F.J. GÓMEZ PÉREZ
W. Cabrera, San Andrés y Providencia – Historia (Bogotá, Ed. Cosmos,
1980) 159.
1909-11 MAXIMILIANO VÉLEZ
W. Cabrera, San Andrés y Providencia – Historia (Bogotá, Ed. Cosmos,
1980) 159.
1911 MILCIADES RODRÍGUEZ; G. JIMÉNEZ
W. Cabrera, San Andrés y Providencia – Historia (Bogotá, Ed. Cosmos,
1980) 159.
1912 RODRIGO SÁNCHEZ; G .JIMÉNEZ
W. Cabrera, San Andrés y Providencia – Historia (Bogotá, Ed. Cosmos,
1980) 159.
1912 GONZALO PÉREZ
Decree N° 1091 of 12 December 1912. Diario Oficial N° 14785 of 4
January 1913
26
1913 FRANCISCO NEWBALL (Provisional)
Decree N° 521 of 3 June 1913. Diario Oficial N° 14916 of 12 June 1913
1914 GONZALO PÉREZ; FRANCISCO NEWBALL; A. SÁNCHEZ
W. Cabrera, San Andrés y Providencia – Historia (Bogotá, Ed. Cosmos,
1980) 159.
1915 FRANCISCO NEWBALL – Intendente
Decree N° 486 of 11 March 1915. Diario Oficial N° 15444 of 17 March
1915. Note N° 2 of 6 April 1915, informing the Minister of Government
that the Executive Branch has appointed him as Intendente of the
Archipelago ad interim.
1916 MANUEL M. LEAL
W. Cabrera, San Andrés y Providencia – Historia (Bogotá, Ed. Cosmos,
1980) 159.
1917 FRANCISCO POSADA
Decree N° 1703 of 4 October 1917.
1918 ÁNGEL MARIA SERRANO
W. Cabrera, San Andrés y Providencia – Historia (Bogotá, Ed. Cosmos,
1980) 159.
1919 MANUEL M. LEAL
Decree N° 724 of 5 April 1919. Diario Oficial N° 16704/16705, of 7 April
1919
1920 CARLOS A. FRANCO – Intendente ad interim
Decree N° 602 of 15 March 1920. Diario Oficial N° 17101 of 17 March
1920.
1922 PEREGRINO GARCÍA – Intendente ad interim
Decree N° 226 of 20 February 1922. Diario Oficial N° 18130 of 23
February 1922.
1922 RAFAEL JIMÉNEZ TRIANA – Intendente
Decree N° 993 of 14 July 1922. Diario Oficial N° 18397 of 19 July 1922.
1923 EUGENIO GARNICA – Intendente ad interim
Decree N° 113 of 31 January 1923. Diario Oficial N° 18757 y 18758 of 5
February 1923.
27
1923 CARLOS HERNÁNDEZ – Intendente
Decree N° 197 of 14 February 1923. Diario Oficial N° 18785 y 18786 of
19 February 1923.
1925 Col. JORGE LUNA OSPINA; PORTO FONSECA
W. Cabrera, San Andrés y Providencia – Historia (Bogotá, Ed. Cosmos,
1980) 160.
1927 JORGE TADEO LOZANO
Decree N° 103 of 22 January 1927. Diario Oficial N° 20406 of 27 January
1927.
1929 CARLOS CÉSPEDES
W. Cabrera, San Andrés y Providencia – Historia (Bogotá, Ed. Cosmos,
1980) 160.
1930 ALFONSO RINCON
W. Cabrera, San Andrés y Providencia – Historia (Bogotá, Ed. Cosmos,
1980) 160.
1931 MANUEL PALACIO – Intendente ad interim
Decree N° 1183 of 9 July 1931. Diario Oficial N° 21747 of 24 July 1931.
1931 BENJAMÍN MORENO – Intendente
Decree N° 2208 of 16 December 1931. Diario Oficial N° 21870 of 19
December 1931.
1933 SEBASTIÁN MESA MERLANO – Intendente
Decree N° 1405 of 17 August 1933. Diario Oficial N° 22372 of 28 August
1933.
1934 ALVARO DE URICOCHEA – Intendente
Decree N° 1996 of 19 October 1934. Diario Oficial N° 22727 of 5
November 1934.
1937 TOMAS LEAL CUENCA – Intendente ad interim
Decree N° 1830 of 19 October 1937. Diario Oficial N° 23636 of 22
November 1937.
1937 TIMOTHY BRITTON – Intendente
Decree N° 1913 of 3 November 1937. Diario Oficial N° 23638 of 24
November 1937.
28
1939 GUILLERMO RUIZ RIVAS – Intendente
Decree N° 313 of 10 February 1939. Diario Oficial N° 23996 of 13
February 1939.
1940 ALBERTO DUPUY ESGUERRA – Intendente
Decree N° 1150 of 18 June 1949. Diario Oficial N° 24394 of 21 June
1940.
1941 GUSTAVO ANZOLA – Intendente ad interim
Decree N° 1380 of 6 August 1941. Diario Oficial 24734 of 12 August
1941.
1941 ERNESTO RUIZ WHITE – Intendente
Decree N° 1796 of 21 October 1941. Diario Oficial N° 24796 of 24
October 1941.
1942 Coronel FIDEL S.CUELLAR
W. Cabrera, San Andrés y Providencia – Historia (Bogotá, Ed. Cosmos,
1980) 160.
1943 Coronel OCTAVIO MUTIZ H. – Intendente
Decree N° 128 of 23 January 1943. Diario Oficial N° 25166 of 29 January
1943.
1943 Mayor ROBERTO VANEGAS L. – Intendente
Decree N° 974 of 19 May 1943. Diario Oficial N° 25256 of 22 May 1943.
1944 Coronel LUIS FRASSE – Intendente
Decree N° 653 of 21 March 1944. Diario Oficial N° 25504 of 24 March
1944.
1946 RODOLFO VÉLEZ A. – Intendente ad interim
Decree N° 3010 of 18 October 1946. Diario Oficial N° 26263 of 23
October 1946.
1946 CARLOS FEDERICO LEVER
W. Cabrera, San Andrés y Providencia – Historia (Bogotá, Ed. Cosmos,
1980) 160.
1947 MANUEL JOSÉ GARCÉS V. – Intendente
Decree N° 2092 of 27 June 1947. Diario Oficial N° 26469 of 5 July 1947
1949 JORGE GAITÁN ARJONA – Intendente ad interim
Decree N° 281 of 10 February 1949. Diario Oficial N° 26949 of 21
February 1949.
29
1949 MANUEL RAMÍREZ REYES – Intendente
Decree N° 916 of 4 April 1949. Diario Oficial N° 26997 of 22 April 1949.
1949 LEONIDAS PRETEL M. – Intendente
W. Cabrera, San Andrés y Providencia – Historia (Bogotá, Ed. Cosmos,
1980) 159. Resignation appears in Decree N° 621 of 22 February 1950.
Diario Oficial N° 27260 of 10 March 1950.
1950 MARIO ACEVEDO ARDILA
Appointed, declined designation.
Decree N° 621 of 22 February 1950. Diario Oficial N° 27260 of 10 March
1950
1950 LISIMACO PARRA B. – Intendente
Decree N° 899 of 13 March 1950. Diario Oficial N° 27278 of 31 March
1950
1950 MARCO VERGARA OTERO – Intendente
Decree N° 03684 of 7 December 1950. Diario Oficial N° 27505 of 12
January 1951
1951 OSCAR DE LA OSSA
W. Cabrera, San Andrés y Providencia – Historia (Bogotá, Ed. Cosmos,
1980) 160.
1953-57 Cap. MAXIMINO RODRIGUEZ P.
W. Cabrera, San Andrés y Providencia – Historia (Bogotá, Ed. Cosmos,
1980) 160.
1957 Cap. ALFREDO BALLESTEROS R. – Intendente
W. Cabrera, San Andrés y Providencia – Historia (Bogotá, Ed. Cosmos,
1980) 160. Resignation appears in Decree N° 136 of 21 January 1961,
Diario Oficial N° 30432 of 2 February 1961.
1961 Gen. (R) ERNESTO CARRASCO – Intendente
Decree N° 136 of 21 January 1961, Diario Oficial N° 30432 of 2 February
1961.
1962 ADALBERTO GALLARDO F. – Intendente
Decree N° 2728 of 6 October 1962. Diario Oficial N° 30928 of 18
October 1962.
1965 Gen. (R) ERNESTO CARRASCO – Intendente
Decree N° 447 of 1 March 1965. Diario Oficial N° 31603 of 11 March de
1965.
30
1966 FÉLIX PALACIO N. – Intendente
Decrees N° 1506 of 14 June 1966 - Diario Oficial N° 31967 of 28 June
1966 (ad interim), Decree N° 2339 of 15 September 1966 – Diario Oficial
N° 32039 of 23 September 1966
1968 PEDRO LOPEZ MICHELSEN. – Intendente
Decree N° 2483 of 26 September 1968. Diario Oficial N° 32624 of 17
October 1968
1970 CARLOS ARCHBOLD
W. Cabrera, San Andrés y Providencia – Historia (Bogotá, Ed. Cosmos,
1980) 160.
1971 PABLO CASAS SANTOFIMIO. Intendente.
W. Cabrera, San Andrés y Providencia – Historia (Bogotá, Ed. Cosmos,
1980) 160. Resignation appears in Decree N° 1769 of 22 September 1972.
Diario Oficial N° 33709 of 9 October 1972.
1972 FÉLIX PALACIO N. Intendente
Decree N° 1769 of 22 September 1972. Diario Oficial N° 33709 of 9
October 1972.
1974 YOLANDA OTERO DE JONES. Intendente
W. Cabrera, San Andrés y Providencia – Historia (Bogotá, Ed. Cosmos,
1980) 160. Resignation appears in Decree N° 1399 of 7 July 1976. Diario
Oficial N° 34601 of 30 July 1976.
1976 ZACHARIAH WILLIAMS POMARE
Decree N° 1399 of 7 July 1976. Diario Oficial N° 34601 of 30 July 1976.
1977 RENO RANKIN L.
W. Cabrera, San Andrés y Providencia – Historia (Bogotá, Ed. Cosmos,
1980) 160.
1978 ROSALES HOOKER MANUEL
W. Cabrera, San Andrés y Providencia – Historia (Bogotá, Ed. Cosmos,
1980) 160.
1981 ANA GARCÍA DE PECHTHALT – Intendente
Decree N° 831 of 31 March 1981. Diario Oficial N°35741 of 13 April
1981.
31
1982 DILIA ROBINSON DE SAAVEDRA – Intendente
Resignation appears in Decree N° 2892 of 4 October 1982. Diario Oficial
N° 36117 of 26 October 1982. Certification N° 021 of 15 January 2003,
issued by the Governorship of the Archipelago Department of San
Andrés, Providencia y Santa Catalina.
1982 SIMÓN GONZALEZ – Intendente
Decree N° 2892 of 4 October 1982. Diario Oficial N° 36117 of 26
October 1982.
1988 HIDALGO ALBERTO MAY – Intendente
Decree N° 0843 of 3 May 1988. Diario Oficial N° 38319 of 3 May 1988.
1989 MARIA TERESA URIBE BENT – Intendente
Decree N° 0739 of 10 April 1989. Diario Oficial N° 38771 of 10 April
1989
1990-91 KENT FRANCIS JAMES
Certification N° 025 of 15 January 2003, issued by the Governorship of
the Archipelago Department of San Andrés, Providencia y Santa Catalina.
NOTE: The Colombian Constitution of 1991 eliminated the political division of
Intendancies and all former Intendancies including the Archipelago were established as
Departments [state/province]. The Constitution also mandated that governors and mayors
be elected by popular vote as of the regional and municipal elections of 1992.
1992 SIMÓN GONZÁLEZ
Deed of appointment of 2 January 1992
1995 ANTONIO MANUEL STEPHENS – Governor
Deed of appointment N° 001 of 2 January 1995. 1st Territorial Mixed
Jurisdiction Court of San Andrés.
1997 JOHN JAIRO OBANDO OSPINA – Governor ad interim
Decree N° 2457 of 3 October 1997. Diario Oficial N° 43145 of 8 October
1997
1997 CRISTINA HELENA MITCHELL HUNTER – Governor ad interim
Decree N° 2471 of 6 October 1997. Diario Oficial N° 43146 of 9 October
1997
1998 LESLIE MAFIA BENT – Governor
Deed of Appointment N° 001 of 2 January 1998. 1st Mixed Jurisdiction
Family Court of San Andrés.
32
2001 RALPH NEWBAL SOTELO – Governor
Record N° 18 of 20 March 2000 of the Ordinary Session, 1st Period of
2000, of the Departmental Assembly of San Andrés. Inauguration of the
Governor.
2002 ALVARO SEGUNDO ARCHBOLD N. – Governor ad interim
Decree N° 1000 of 22 May 2002. Deed of Appointment N° 144 of 27 May
2002. 2nd Municipal Mixed Jurisdiction Court of San Andrés.
33

35
Appendix 4
LIST OF COLOMBIAN LEGAL PROVISIONS CONCERNING
THE ARCHIPELAGO OF SAN ANDRÉS
Since the beginning of its life as an independent nation, the Republic of Colombia has
considered the islands and cays that form the Archipelago of San Andrés as an integral
part of its territory. Consequently, the national Government has issued legislation and
regulations that, either generally or particularly, deal with different aspects of life on the
islands.
The following is a list of sample legislation, including Laws (Acts of Congress),
Presidential Decrees and Resolutions (issued by Ministries and other national entities),
which are directly applicable to the Archipelago.
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
Appendix 5
LICENSING OF FOREIGN FISHING VESSELS IN THE
SAN ANDRES ARCHIPELAGO
Tables on pages to follow
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119

Appendix 6
OPERATION AND PERMANENCE OF UNITED STATES’ FISHING VESSELS
IN THE CAYS OF RONCADOR, QUITASUEÑO AND SERRANA PURSUANT
TO THE 1972 VÁZQUEZ-SACCIO TREATY BETWEEN COLOMBIAAND
THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA (IN FORCE: 17 SEPTEMBER 1981)
AND SUPPLEMENTARY EXCHANGE OF NOTES OF 24 OCTOBER 1983
AND 6 DECEMBER 1983
Tables on pages to follow
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
168
169
170
171

APPENDIX 7
EXERCISE OF SOVEREIGNTY AND JURISDICTION IN THE SAN ANDRÉS
ARCHIPELAGO THROUGH NAVALACTIVITIES
Tables on pages to follow
173
174
175
176
177
178
179
180
181
182
183
184
185
186
187
188
189
190
191
192
193
194
195
196
197
198
199
200
201
202
203
204
205
206
207
208
209
210
211
212
213
214
215
216
217
218
219
220
221
222
223
224
225
226
227
228
229
230
231
232
233
234
235
236
237
238
239

Appendix 8
COLOMBIAN INTERDICTION OF ILLEGAL FISHING IN THE AREA OF
THE SAN ANDRÉS ARCHIPELAGO
Tables on pages to follow
241
242
243
244
245
246
247
248
249
250
251
252
253
254
255
256
257
258
259
260
261
262
263

Appendix 9
LIST OF MAPS PUBLISHED BY THE
INSTITUTO GEOGRÁFICO AGUSTÍN CODAZZI - IGAC
(GEOGRAPHIC INSTITUTE OF COLOMBIA)
Tables on pages to follow
265
266
267
268
269
270
271
272
273

Appendix 10
LIST OF SURVEY CRUISES CARRIED OUT BY THE COLOMBIAN NAVY
IN THE AREA OF THE ARCHIPELAGO OF SAN ANDRÉS
1984 - Geodetic control in the San Andrés Archipelago. On the islands of San Andrés
and Providencia, and the cays of Roncador, Serrana, East-Southeast (Bolívar),
Albuquerque and Quitasueño.
1984 - 1st Hydrographic Cruise of the Archipelago of San Andrés and Providencia.
Survey and mapping of its southern area up to San Andrés on the west, and up to Bolívar
Cay (Albuquerque) on the east.
1985 - 2nd Hydrographic Cruise of the Archipelago of San Andrés and Providencia.
Survey and mapping of the southern area up to the north of Providencia Island.
1985 - 3rd Hydrographic Cruise of the Archipelago of San Andrés and Providencia.
Chart COL 208. Survey and mapping of the central area from the north of Providencia
to the northwest and southeast of Quitasueño.
1985 - 4th Hydrographic Cruise of the Archipelago of San Andrés and Providencia.
Survey of the area of Serrana and Quitasueño.
1985 - 5th Hydrographic Cruise of the Archipelago of San Andrés and Providencia.
Leveling of survey project progress in relation to scheduled activities.
1992 - Hydrographic Cruise of Serranilla. Chart COL 208. Hydrographic survey and
mapping of the area of the entire bank and support to Navy units on Serranilla cay.
1996 - ARC “Providencia” Hydrographic Cruise of Bajo Alicia. Hydrographic survey
and mapping of Chart COL 206 – Bajo Alicia. Feb.96
1995-1997 - Submarine geo-morphological study of the Archipelago
1999 - ARC “Providencia” Hydrographic Cruise of Bajo Nuevo cays and banks. Chart
COL 638. The verification and relocation of the existing lighthouse on the island was
performed, as well as the location of the breakers, shoals and shipwrecks in the zone.
March 99
1999 - ARC “Providencia” ARC “Sondaleza” Hydrographic Cruise of Quitasueño. Data
collection for preparation and publication of Chart COL 416.August-September 99
275
1999-2000 - ARC “Providencia” ARC “Sondaleza” Hydrographic Cruise of Serranilla.
Data collection for preparation and publication of Chart COL 634.
2001. ARC “Providencia”. Hydrographic Cruise of approach to San Andres and Santa
Catalina Island. COL 628. November 2001
2002 - Hydrographic Cruise “Arco Luna Verde” (Green Moon Arc) in the area of the
82nd meridian and the 15th parallel for publication of Chart COL 419 – General Area of
Quitasueño.
2003 - Hydrographic Cruise of Roncador Cay. Data collection and processing for updating
and publishing Chart COL 626.
2007 - Hydrographic Cruise of the Island of Providencia and Serranilla Cay. Within the
scope of the project for generating basic national cartography. High-frequency Monohaz
(single-beam) System with the aid and support of the Navy ship ARC Quindío.
276
Appendix 11
LIST OF CHARTS OF THE AREA OF THE ARCHIPELAGO OF
SAN ANDRÉS BY THE COLOMBIAN NAVY
Chart of the Island of San Andrés: COL 200. 1st edition in 1972. Based on the hydrographic
surveys carried out by the Navy ship ARC Quindío in 1969 and 1971, with the
cartographic assistance of the “Agustín Codazzi” Geographic Institute of Colombia.
Scale 1:10.000.
Chart of the Archipelago of San Andrés and Providencia: COL 004. 1st edition in 1986.
In collaboration with the “Agustín Codazzi” Geographic Institute of Colombia and with
the assistance of the Inter-oceanic Geodetic Service. Scale 1:600.000, using several
bathymetric sources, particularly from the survey carried out by Colombian Navy ships
ARC Malpelo and ARC Providencia in 1985 and 1986, and other charts previously surveyed
and mapped by the Navy.
Chart of Archipelago of San Andrés and Providencia: COL 004. 2nd edition in January
2000. Includes the latest surveys carried out by the Colombian Navy up to 1999 and the
names of some submarine features in the area.
Chart of Serrana Bank and Cays: COL 580. Published in 1988 by DIMAR in collaboration
with the “Agustín Codazzi” Geographic Institute of Colombia. Scale 1:20.000. The
chart covers the western end of Serrana Bank and Serrana Cay. The bathymetric data
gathered in 1986 and the aerial photographs taken by the “Agustín Codazzi” Geographic
Institute of Colombia in 1984 were used.
Chart of Roncador Bank and Cay: COL 579. Scale 1:20.000. In collaboration with the
“Agustín Codazzi” Geographic Institute of Colombia. The chart covers in detail the
northern sector of the bank and Roncador Cay. Bathymetric information based on hydrographic
surveys of the Navy carried out in 1986.
Chart of Albuquerque Cays: COL 203. Scale 1:20.000. Published in 1991 by DIMAR in
collaboration with the “Agustín Codazzi” Geographic Institute of Colombia. It covers
the entire bank of Albuquerque and the North and South cays thereon. Based on surveys
of the Navy carried out in 1987.
Chart of Providencia inner port: COL 218. Published in 1991 by DIMAR in collaboration
with the “Agustín Codazzi” Geographic Institute of Colombia. The chart shows the
Islands of Providencia and Santa Catalina and the cays located in the immediate vicini-
277
ty. Based on the bathymetric surveys carried out in 1984, 1986 and 1991 by the Navy.
Scale 1:10.000.
Chart of Bolivar Cay (East-Southeast): COL 204. Published in 1992 by DIMAR in collaboration
with the “Agustín Codazzi” Geographic Institute of Colombia. Based on surveys
carried out by the Navy in 1987 and contains data from Chart COL 201 of 1972.
The chart shows a large section of Bolivar Bank and the Bolivar and East Cays thereon.
Scale: 1:20.000.
Chart of Serranilla Cay: COL 208. Published in 1996 by DIMAR. The chart covers the
southern sector of Serranilla Bank and the Serranilla Cays. Bathymetric data based on survey
carried out by the Navy in 1992 and British Admiralty surveys dating back to 1835.
Chart of Bajo Alicia: COL 206. Published by DIMAR in 1996. Based on surveys carried
out by the Navy in 1996, and contains some bathymetric information of the British
Admiralty. The chart shows Bajo Alicia. Scale: 1:50.000.
Chart of El Cove inlet, San Andrés Island: COL 202. Published in 1997 by DIMAR,
based on surveys carried out by the Navy in 1996. The chart covers the El Cove inlet, on
the western sector of the Island of San Andrés. Scale: 1:5.000.
Chart of San Andrés Port: COL 200. 2nd edition. Published in 1997 by DIMAR, based
on hydrographic surveys carried out by the Navy in 1996. The chart shows the access
channel to the Port of San Andrés. The coastline was based on topographic data from
the “Agustín Codazzi” Geographic Institute of Colombia. Scale: 1:7.500
Chart of the Islands of San Andrés and Providencia: COL 1624. Bathymetric chart published
in 1998 by DIMAR. Based on hydrographic surveys carried out by the oceanographic
Navy ships ARC Malpelo and ARC Providencia in 1986 and 1987. The chart
shows the submarine geological formations located between the Cays of Albuquerque
and the Island of Providencia, including their names. Scale: 1:200.000
Chart of Serranilla and Bajo Nuevo: COL 046. Published in 1998 by DIMAR. Based on
hydrographic surveys carried out by the Navy in 1996 and bathymetric data compiled
from previous Navy charts. The chart covers the Bank and Cays of Serranilla, Bajo
Alicia, and the Banks and Cays of Bajo Nuevo. Scale: 1:250.000. The chart contains the
limits between Colombia and Honduras, and Colombia and Jamaica (it also includes the
Colombia-Jamaica Joint Regime Area).
Chart from Old Providence Island to South-Southwest (Albuquerque) Cays: COL 044.
Published in 1998 by DIMAR. Compilation of charts COL 203, COL 204, COL 201 and
COL 218. Bathymetric data from the surveys carried out by the Navy in 1986. The Chart
shows South-Southwest Cays (Albuquerque), East-Southeast Cays, Island of San Andrés
and Old Providence Island. Some submarine features, identified by names are included.
The 82nd meridian limit is also depicted. Scale: 1:250.000.
278
Chart of Serrana Bank and Old Providence Island: COL 045. Published in 1998 by
DIMAR. Based on hydrographic surveys carried out by the Navy between 1984 and
1986 by the oceanographic Navy ships ARC Malpelo and ARC Providencia and with
information con compiled from Charts COL 218, COL 579, COL 580 and DMA Chart
28050. Some submarine features, identified by names are included. Scale: 1:250.000
Chart of San Andrés Island: COL 201. Published in 1998 by DIMAR. Based on hydrographic
surveys carried out by the Navy in 1996 and 1998. The chart shows the entire
Island of San Andrés. The coastline is based on topographic plates prepared by the
“Agustín Codazzi” Geographic Institute of Colombia in 1992.
Chart from Rosalinda Bank to San Andrés Island: COL 008. Published in 1998 by
DIMAR, based on Colombian Charts COL 046, COL 004, COL 002 and 4 DMA charts.
Some submarine topography with its Colombian-given names is shown. The chart shows
Colombia’s maritime limits with Costa Rica, Honduras and Jamaica, including the
Colombia-Jamaica Joint Regime Area. The 82nd meridian limit with Nicaragua is also
shown. Scale: 1:1.000.000
Chart of Colombia’s maritime jurisdiction: COL 1000. Published in 1988 by DIMAR.
The chart shows all of Colombia’s maritime limits in the Caribbean Sea as well as in the
Pacific Ocean, and the largest submarine features with their names. Scale: 1:1.750.000
1999 - ARC “Batimetric survey approach Port of San Andrés”
Bathymetric chart of Quitasueño and Serrana Banks: COL 1625. Published in 1999 by
DIMAR, Based on hydrographic surveys carried out by the Navy between 1984 and
1986 by the oceanographic Navy ships ARC Malpelo and ARC Providencia in 1984,
1985 and 1986. The chart shows submarine features between Quitasueño and Serrana
Banks, with their names, and includes a geo-morphological description of the area.
Scale: 1:250.000
Bathymetric Chart Serranilla-Bajo Nuevo: COL 1626. Published by DIMAR in 1999.
The chart shows the submarine features located between Serranilla and Bajo Nuevo,
along with their names and includes a geo-morphological description of the area. Scale:
1:250.000
Chart of Quitasueño: COL 215. Published in 2000 by DIMAR. Based on hydrographic
surveys received by the Colombian Center for Oceanographic and Hydrographic
Research (Spanish acronym, CIOH) in 1999. Northern sector of Quitasueño is shown,
where the northern lighthouse is located. Scale: 1:25.000.
Chart of Quitasueño Bank: COL 416. Published in 2000 by DIMAR 2000. Based on surveys
carried out by the Colombian Center for Oceanographic and Hydrographic
Research (Spanish acronym, CIOH) in 1999. The chart shows the entire area of
Quitasueño. Scale: 1:100.000
279
Chart of Quitasueño (Southern sector): COL 630. Published in 2000 by DIMAR. Based
on surveys carried out by the Colombian Center for Oceanographic and Hydrographic
Research (Spanish acronym, CIOH) in 1999. The chart shows the southern sector of
Quitasueño. Scale: 1:50.000
Chart of Quitasueño (Northern sector): COL 631. Published in 2000 by DIMAR. Based
on surveys carried out by the Colombian Center for Oceanographic and Hydrographic
Research (Spanish acronym, CIOH) in 1999. The chart shows the northern sector of
Quitasueño.
Approach to Serranilla Bank: COL 634. Published in 2000 by DIMAR 2000. Based on
surveys carried out by the Colombian Center for Oceanographic and Hydrographic
Research (Spanish acronym, CIOH) in 1986, 1992 and 1999, and on information compiled
from DIMAR charts and the 1983 survey carried out by the British Admiralty. The
chart shows the 12-mile territorial sea line, the limits of the Colombia-Jamaica Joint
Regime Area and a sector of the delimitation line with Honduras. Scale: 1:75.000
Bathymetric Chart of the Southwest Caribbean (western sector): COL 1601. Published
in 2000 by DIMAR, based on several hydrographic sources, both Colombian and foreign.
The chart contains a geo-morphological description of the area. Scale: 1:1.000.000
Chart of Colombia’s insular areas: COL 1205. Published in 1998 by DIMAR. The chart
shows Colombia’s most important islands both in the Caribbean Sea as well in the
Pacific Ocean. Of the San Andrés Archipelago, San Andrés Island is shown. 1st edition,
on a scale of 1:50000. Subsequent editions on a scale of 1:75000.
280
Appendix 12
LIST OF SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH ACTIVITIES CARRIED OUT BY
THE COLOMBIAN NAVY IN THE AREA OF THE SAN ANDRÉS
ARCHIPELAGO
1972 - ARC “San Andres” The San Andrés Archipelago. On the islands of San Andrés
and Providencia, and the cays of Roncador, Serrana, Serranilla and Quitasueño.CICAR
I-72 Operations Order 042-CFNA-72 5 10-22 April 1972
1972 - ARC “San Andres” The San Andrés Archipelago. On the islands of San Andrés
and Providencia, and the cays of Roncador, Serranilla, Serrana, Bajo Nuevo and
Quitasueño. .Oceano II 16-28 August 1972
1972 - ARC “San Andres” The San Andrés Archipelago. On the islands of San Andrés
and Providencia, and the cays of Roncador, Serrana Serranilla and Quitasueño.CICAR
II-72 14-30 October 1972
1973 - ARC “San Andres” The San Andrés Archipelago. On the islands of San Andrés
and Providencia, and the cays of Roncador, Serrana and Quitasueño.CICAR III- 3-14
March 1973
1975 - ARC “San Andres” The San Andrés Archipelago. On the islands of San Andrés
and Providencia, and the cays of Roncador, Serranilla, East-Southeast,
Albuquerque,Roncador, Serrana, Bajo Nuevo and Quitasueño. .OCEANO IV 15-23
October 75.
1981 - ARC “San Andres” The San Andrés Archipelago. On the islands of San Andrés
and Providencia, and the cays of Alburquerque, East-Southeast, Albuquerque, Roncador,
Quitasueño Serrana, Serranilla. Bajo Nuevo. .Oceano V 23 September 23 October 81.
1983 - ARC “Providencia” The San Andrés Archipelago. On the islands of San Andrés
and Providencia, and the cays of Roncador, Serranilla, East-Southeast,
Albuquerque,Roncador, Serrana, Bajo Nuevo and Quitasueño,.Oceano VI 8-30 June
1983
1983 September- Océano VI (Ocean V) Area I Cruise. Meteorology, biology, physical
and chemical oceanography. Study of the oceanographic, meteorological and chemical
conditions of the area, with the purpose of establishing the hydrodynamic and meteorological
parameters of the Archipelago. Fishing research in Colombian jurisdictional
areas.
281
1983 - ARC “Malpelo” The San Andrés Archipelago. On San Andres and Providence
islands, Roncador, Quitasueño, Serrana, Est-South East. Oceano VII 13-27 October 83.
1984 - ARC “Malpelo” The San Andrés Archipelago. On the islands of San Andrés and
Providencia, and the cays of Roncador, Serrana, Quitasueño, Serranilla, Oceano VIII 7-
29 February 84.
1984 - ARC “Malpelo” The San Andrés Archipelago. On the islands of San Andrés and
Providencia, and the cays of Bajo Nuevo, Serrana, Serranilla, Quitasueño, Rosalind,
Roncador, East-Southest, Albuquerque, Alicia Oceano IX 7-29 February 84.
282