Declaration of Judge ad hoc Gaja

Document Number
143-20100706-ORD-01-03-EN
Parent Document Number
143-20100706-ORD-01-00-EN
Document File
Bilingual Document File

398

DECLARATION OF JUDGE AD HOC GAJA

In deciding on the admissibility of Italy’s counter-claim the Court is
applying for the first time Article 80 of the Rules of Court as amended
with effect from 1 February 2001. Unlike the previous provision, the new
text requires the Court to take a decision “after hearing the parties” also
on an objection raised by the claimant State with regard to the Court’s

jurisdiction on the counter-claim. In the context of the Rules of Court
(see, e.g., Article 58, paragraph 2; Article 67; paragraph 1; Article 79,
paragraph 9 and Article 84, paragraph 2) “hearing the parties” appears
to imply that an oral hearing should be held. This seems particularly
justified when an objection relates to jurisdiction, given the impact of a
decision on jurisdiction. In case of a denial of jurisdiction, the defen-

dant State would be effectively prevented from bringing to the Court the
inadmissible counter-claim as a separate claim.

In the case in hand, an oral hearing would probably have helped the

Court to identify more precisely the date when the dispute arose and
the facts and situations to which the dispute related. It may have allowed the
Court to establish which claims had been the object of “repeated attempts
to reach an agreement” (thus a memorandum of the German Govern-
ment quoted in the Memorial of the Federal Republic of Germany (p. 10,

para. 10)) before the conclusion of the 1961 bilateral agreements.

(Signed) Giorgio G AJA .

92

Bilingual Content

398

DECLARATION OF JUDGE AD HOC GAJA

In deciding on the admissibility of Italy’s counter-claim the Court is
applying for the first time Article 80 of the Rules of Court as amended
with effect from 1 February 2001. Unlike the previous provision, the new
text requires the Court to take a decision “after hearing the parties” also
on an objection raised by the claimant State with regard to the Court’s

jurisdiction on the counter-claim. In the context of the Rules of Court
(see, e.g., Article 58, paragraph 2; Article 67; paragraph 1; Article 79,
paragraph 9 and Article 84, paragraph 2) “hearing the parties” appears
to imply that an oral hearing should be held. This seems particularly
justified when an objection relates to jurisdiction, given the impact of a
decision on jurisdiction. In case of a denial of jurisdiction, the defen-

dant State would be effectively prevented from bringing to the Court the
inadmissible counter-claim as a separate claim.

In the case in hand, an oral hearing would probably have helped the

Court to identify more precisely the date when the dispute arose and
the facts and situations to which the dispute related. It may have allowed the
Court to establish which claims had been the object of “repeated attempts
to reach an agreement” (thus a memorandum of the German Govern-
ment quoted in the Memorial of the Federal Republic of Germany (p. 10,

para. 10)) before the conclusion of the 1961 bilateral agreements.

(Signed) Giorgio G AJA .

92 398

DÉCLARATION DE M. LE JUGE AD HOC GAJA

[Traduction]

En statuant sur la recevabilité de la demande reconventionnelle de
l’Italie, la Cour applique pour la première fois l’article 80 de son Règle-
ment dans la version modifiée en vigueur depuis le 1 erfévrier 2001. En
vertu du nouveau texte, la Cour doit dorénavant aussi statuer «après

avoir entendu les parties» dans le cas où l’Etat demandeur soulève une
exception quant à sa compétence pour connaître de la demande recon-
ventionnelle. Dans le contexte du Règlement de la Cour (voir, par exem-
ple, le paragraphe 2 de l’article 58, le paragraphe 1 de l’article 67, le

paragraphe 9 de l’article 79 et le paragraphe 2 de l’article 84), les termes
«entend[re] les parties» semblent impliquer la tenue d’une audience. Cela
apparaît particulièrement justifié lorsque l’exception invoque l’incompé-
tence, étant donné les effets de la décision dans un tel cas: si la Cour
décline sa compétence, l’Etat défendeur sera en effet empêché de lui sou-

mettre la demande reconventionnelle, irrecevable sous la forme d’une
demande distincte.
En l’espèce, une audience aurait probablement aidé la Cour à détermi-
ner avec davantage de précision la date à laquelle le différend s’est élevé
et les faits et situations sur lesquels il porte. Elle aurait peut-être permis à

la Cour d’établir quelles réclamations avaient fait l’objet de «tentatives
réitérées pour parvenir à un accord» (mémorandum du Gouvernement
allemand cité dans le mémoire de la République fédérale d’Allemagne
(p. 10, par. 10)) avant la conclusion des accords bilatéraux de 1961.

(Signé) Giorgio G AJA.

92

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Declaration of Judge ad hoc Gaja

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