INTERNATIONAL COURT OF JUSTICE
LAND AND MARITIME DELIMITATION AND SOVEREIGNTY OVER ISLANDS (GABON/EQUATORIAL GUINEA)
MEMORIAL OF
THE REPUBLIC OF EQUATORIAL GUINEA
VOLUME VI
5 October 2021
CORRESPONDENCE & OFFICIAL DOCUMENTS OF EQUATORIAL GUINEA, GABON AND THIRD STATES FOLLOWING THE PARTIES’ INDEPENDENCE
Annex 147
Gulf Oil Company of Gabon, Letter from Mr. Rigo de Righi to the Ambassador of Spain (22 December 1967)
Annex 148
Gulf Oil Company of Gabon, Letter from Mr. Rigo de Righi to the Ambassador of Spain (28 December 1967)
Annex 149
Airgram from the Embassy of the United States to the Gabonese Republic to the US Department of State (18 June 1968)
Annex 150
Airgram from the American Embassy in Santa Isabel to the Department of State (16 June 1970)
Annex 151
Letter from the Spanish Embassy in Santa Isabel (22 June 1970)
Annex 152
Telegram from the US Embassy in Libreville to the US Department of State (13 August 1970)
Annex 153
Letter from the Ambassador of Spain in Libreville to the Spanish Ministry of Foreign Affairs (18 August 1970)
Annex 154
Letter No. 002967 from the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of The Gabonese Republic to the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Equatorial Guinea (28 August 1971)
Annex 155
The United States, Airgram A-1798 from the US Mission to the United Nations to the US Department of State (21 October 1970)
Annex 156
Airgram from the US Department of State regarding Protest of Gabon’s Extension of Territorial Waters (12 November 1970)
Annex 157
Airgram from US Embassy in Libreville to US Department of State (28 November 1970)
VOLUME VI
ANNEXES
Annex 158
US Department of State, International Boundary Study No. 115, Cameroon – Gabon Boundary (24 September 1971)
Annex 159
Airgram No. A-011 from the Embassy of the United States to the Gabonese Republic to the US Department of State (8 February 1972)
Annex 160
Memorandum of Conversation between Chargé d’Affaires of the Embassy of The French Republic to The Gabonese Republic and US Embassy official (5 April 1972)
Annex 161
Letter from the Ambassador of The Gabonese Republic to the United Nations to the UN Secretary-General (28 August 1972)
Annex 162
Telegram No. 546 from the Embassy of the United States to The Gabonese Republic to the US Department of State (2 September 1972)
Annex 163
Circular No. 142 from the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the State of Spain to the Ambassadors of the Spanish State to the Republic of Equatorial Guinea, to The Gabonese Republic, to The Ethiopian Empire, The French Republic, and the Permanent Representative at the United Nations (19 September 1972)
Annex 164
Telegram from Equatorial Guinea’s Minister of Foreign Affairs to the Permanent Representative of the Republic of Equatorial Guinea to the United Nations (11 September 1972)
Annex 165
Telegram No. 644 from the Embassy of the United States of America to The Gabonese Republic to the US Department of State (11 September 1972)
Annex 166
Letter from Gabon to Secretary of the United Nations (13 September 1972)
Annex 167
Routine Telegram No. 434 from Kinshasa (15 September 1972)
Annex 168
Telegram from US Embassy in Libreville to US Department of State (19 September 1972)
Annex 169
Letter from the Embassy of Spain in Abidjan to the Minister of Foreign Affairs in Madrid (30 September 1972)
Annex 170
Telegram No. 190230 from the US Department of State to the Embassies of the United States of America to The Gabonese Republic, the United Kingdom, The French Republic, the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, Japan, the United Nations, and The United Republic of Cameroon (18 October 1972)
Annex 171
Telegram No. 282 from the Embassy of the United States of America to the Kingdom of the Netherlands to the US Department of State (26 October 1972)
Annex 172
Telegram from US Embassy in Libreville to US Department of State, “Gabon’s November,” (5 December 1972)
Annex 173
Memorandum from the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Spain summarizing President Macias’ September 8th Speech to the Diplomatic Corps (15 September 1972)
Annex 174
Telegram No. 526 from the Embassy of the United States of America to The Gabonese Republic to the US Department of State (3 June 1973)
Annex 175
Telegram from Embassy of the United Kingdom to The United Republic of Cameroon to the British Mission to the United States and Chanceries of Yauonde, Addis Ababa and Kinshasa (16 July 1974)
Annex 176
Letter from the President of The Gabonese Republic, HE Albert Bernardo Bongo to the Embassy of The French Republic to The Gabonese Republic (28 October 1974)
Annex 177
Letter from the Embassy of The Gabonese Republic to the United Kingdom to the Secretary of State for External Affairs and the Commonwealth, United Kingdom (28 June 1990)
Annex 178
Note Verbale from the Embassy of The Gabonese Republic to the Republic of Equatorial Guinea to the Ministry of External Affairs, International Cooperation, and Francophony of the Republic of Equatorial Guinea (13 September 1999)
Annex 179
Note Verbale from the Ministry of External Affairs, International Cooperation, and Francophonie of the Republic of Equatorial Guinea to the Second Vice-Prime Minister of The Gabonese Republic (21 December 2000)
LEGISLATION, CENSUS & OFFICIAL REPORTS OF EQUATORIAL GUINEA AND GABON FOLLOWING INDEPENDENCE
Annex 180
The Gabonese Republic, Constitution “Preamble” (14 Novembre 1960) (excerpt)
Annex 181
The Gabonese Republic, Official Gazette No. 20, “Mining Property, Forests, Estates and Land Conservation” (15 September 1967)
Annex 182
Republic of Equatorial Guinea, Constitution of 1968 (11 August 1968) (excerpt)
Annex 183
The Gabonese Republic, Decree No. 670/PR-MMERH-DMG (24 September 1969)
Annex 184
The Gabonese Republic, Decree 689/70 (14 May 1970)
Annex 185
Republic of Equatorial Guinea, Memo No. 26R from the Ministry of Industries and Mines to the President (12 June 1970)
Annex 186
Republic of Equatorial Guinea, Presidential Decree No. 17/1970 (24 September 1970)
Annex 187
The Gabonese Republic, Order No. 55-70-PR-MTAC (5 October 1970)
Annex 188
The Gabonese Republic, Ordinance No. 58/72 Extending the Outer Limit of Gabon’s Territorial Waters to 100 Nautical Miles (16 July 1972)
Annex 189
The Gabonese Republic, Constitution of The Gabonese Republic (29 July 1972)
Annex 190
The Gabonese Republic, Act No. 9/84 Establishing an Exclusive Economic Zone of 200 Nautical Miles (9 July 1984)
Annex 191
Republic of Equatorial Guinea, Act No. 15/1984 on the Territorial Sea and Exclusive Economic Zone of the Republic of Equatorial Guinea (12 November 1984)
Annex 192
The Gabonese Republic, Decree 002066/PR/MHCUCDM (4 December 1992)
Annex 193
Republic of Equatorial Guinea, Decree No. 1/1999 Designating the Median Line as the Maritime Boundary of the Republic of Equatorial Guinea (6 March 1999)
Annex 194
Republic of Equatorial Guinea, Ministry of Planning and Economic Development, General Census of Population and Housing: General Status of Population (2002) (excerpt)
Annex 195
Equatorial Guinea National Statistics Institute, Equatorial Guinea in Figures (2019) (excerpt)
Annex 196
Equatorial Guinea National Statistics Institute, Statistical Yearbook of Equatorial Guinea (2020) (excerpt)
Annex 147
Gulf Oil Company of Gabon, Letter from Mr. Rigo de Righi to the Ambassador of Spain (22 December 1967)
TRANSLATION WATER STREET TRANSLATIONS [logo: Gulf Oil Company of Gabon] GENERAL DIRECTOR LIBREVILLE – GABON MR. RIGO DE RIGHI B.P. 1182 – TEL: 23-42 FAX TRANSAF 209 LIBREVILLE LIBREVILLE, December 22, 1967 No. 2 No. 2 His Excellency the AMBASSADOR OF SPAIN LIBREVILLE Your Excellency, To follow up on the conversation you were so kind as to grant us today, we are pleased to confirm that our Company will perform seismic work in the sea, in Gabonese waters, opposite Cape Esterias. This preliminary seismic work will be performed by “Western Geophysical,” which will use two boats equipped with the “shoran” navigation system; consequently, its staff will need to operate, with their instruments, on the islands of Corisco and the rocks of Conga. The abovementioned work will take approximately 48 hours and will occur at the end of this month or at the start of January 1968. We will hasten to inform you of the exact date as soon as possible. Since we are limited by time, we would be particularly grateful if you could intervene with the Spanish Guinea authorities so that we can receive an official authorization for the operators of “Western Geophysical.” We express our appreciation for the help you have been so kind as to grant us in this area. Wishing you our best regards, [signature] Mr. Rigo de Righi AC/ab [logo: Gulf] A WHOLLY OWNED SUBSIDIARY OF GULF OIL CORPORATION, INCORPORATED WITH LIMITED LIABILITY IN THE STATE OF DELAWARE, U.S.A. Annex 147
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WATER STREET TRANSLATIONS, LLC (212)776-171310 East 39th Street, 12th FloorNew York, NY 10016www.waterstreettranslations.cominfo@waterstreettranslations.comCERTIFICATION OF ACCURACY OF TRANSLATIONThisherebyconfirms that the foregoing translation was preparedbyElizabeth Eckardt,a linguist with substantialexperience in the translation of documents fromFrench and Spanish into English as certified by the American Translators Association. Kent G. Heine, Managing Partner of Water Street Translations, LLC, hereby attests to the following:“To the best of my knowledge and belief, the foregoing translation is a true, accurate, and unbiased translation into English of the French and Spanishtext attached herewith." Kent G. HeineWater Street Translations, LLC09/17/21_Date
Annex 147
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Annex 148
Gulf Oil Company of Gabon, Letter from Mr. Rigo de Righi to the Ambassador of Spain (28 December 1967)
TRANSLATION WATER STREET TRANSLATIONS [logo: Gulf Oil Company of Gabon] GENERAL DIRECTOR LIBREVILLE – GABON MR. RIGO DE RIGHI B.P. 1182 – TEL: 23-42 FAX TRANSAF 209 LIBREVILLE LIBREVILLE, December 28, 1967 No. 2 No. 2 His Excellency the AMBASSADOR OF SPAIN LIBREVILLE Your Excellency, Following up on our letter from the 22nd of this month and on our recent phone conversation, we would like to give you some additional details below on our request for authorization to operate on the Spanish Guinea islands. Western Geophysical is also responsible for the seismic work that will be undertaken on behalf of Spanish Gulf Oil Co. This Company holds, in association with CIESPA [sic], an exploration permit in the southern marine region of Rio Muni. The reconnaissance done by Western Geophysical on the Corisco and Conga islands is vitally important to the seismic work that Spanish Gulf Oil Co. must perform in Equatorial Guinea. Therefore, we believe that Western Geophysical’s operations can indeed be authorized, because they will also be performed on behalf of Spanish Gulf Oil Co., which is authorized to carry out explorations in this region. As we await a favorable response, we thank you for intervening in this matter. Yours sincerely, [signature] Mr. Rigo de Righi AC/ab [logo: Gulf] A WHOLLY OWNED SUBSIDIARY OF GULF OIL CORPORATION, INCORPORATED WITH LIMITED LIABILITY IN THE STATE OF DELAWARE, U.S.A. Annex 148
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WATER STREET TRANSLATIONS, LLC (212)776-171310 East 39th Street, 12th FloorNew York, NY 10016www.waterstreettranslations.cominfo@waterstreettranslations.comCERTIFICATION OF ACCURACY OF TRANSLATIONThisherebyconfirms that the foregoing translation was preparedbyElizabeth Eckardt,a linguist with substantialexperience in the translation of documents fromFrench and Spanish into English as certified by the American Translators Association. Kent G. Heine, Managing Partner of Water Street Translations, LLC, hereby attests to the following:“To the best of my knowledge and belief, the foregoing translation is a true, accurate, and unbiased translation into English of the French and Spanishtext attached herewith." Kent G. HeineWater Street Translations, LLC09/17/21_Date
Annex 148
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Annex 149
Airgram from the Embassy of the United States to the Gabonese Republic to the US Department of State (18 June 1968)
Annex 149
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Annex 150
Airgram from the American Embassy in Santa Isabel to the Department of State (16 June 1970)
Annex 150
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Annex 151
Letter from the Spanish Embassy in Santa Isabel (22 June 1970)
TRANSLATION Santa Isabel, June 22, 1970 SUBJECT: Continued report on changes to territorial waters of the Government of Gabon. No. [Illegible] AFRICA YOUR EXCELLENCY: Expanding on my dispatch no. 539/70, I am honored to report to Your Excellency that the companies whose oil concessions are impacted, in principle, by the Decree modifying the territorial waters of Gabon, are: - CONTINENTAL OIL COMPANY - GULF OIL COMPANY, and - CEPSA Gabon’s Decree, as the Secretary General of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Mr. Gaudencio Asumu, has learned, especially affects the island of Corisco which, according to the new declaration, is left surrounded by territorial waters of Gabon. So far, this Government has not been officially informed of that Decree, and the information on hand comes from the Oil Companies. Similarly, it was said that this Government shall attempt to reach an agreement with that of Gabon. From that it can be presumed, as I told Your Excellency in my dispatch 552/70 that the Minister of the Interior, Mr. [Illegible], who is in Libreville at a Telecommunications conference currently underway in this capital city, might take advantage of the opportunity to contact the authorities of Gabon in order to learn their opinion about the .. / .. SPA 2376_T WATER STREET TRANSLATIONS Annex 151
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TRANSLATION notification regarding jurisdictional waters, recently undertaken by that government. The referenced companies must invest a significant quantity in dollars before the end of the year. However, in light of the new situation created by Gabon’s declaration, they resist making any investment until this government reaches an agreement with that of the other country. This is why a commission composed of representatives of the three referenced oil companies has submitted a letter to Equatorial Guinea’s Minister of Industry requesting a moratorium on the investments they must make before the end of this year, until an agreement is reached with Gabon. Apparently, this government has denied the petition, deeming it groundless. May God protect Your Excellency for many years [Illegible], acting [Signature] - Manuel de Cuna Aguado - [Illegible] SPA 2377_T WATER STREET TRANSLATIONS Annex 151
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WATER STREET TRANSLATIONS, LLC (212)776-171310 East 39th Street, 12th FloorNew York, NY 10016www.waterstreettranslations.cominfo@waterstreettranslations.comCERTIFICATION OF ACCURACY OF TRANSLATIONThisherebyconfirms that the foregoing translation was preparedbyJim McMillan,a linguist with substantialexperience in the translation of documents fromSpanishinto English as certified by the American Translators Association. Kent G. Heine, Managing Partner of Water Street Translations, LLC, hereby attests to the following:“To the best of my knowledge and belief, the foregoing translation is a true, accurate, and unbiased translation into English of the Spanish text attached herewith."Kent G. HeineWater Street Translations, LLC07/28/21_Date
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Annex 152
Telegram from the US Embassy in Libreville to the US Department of State (13 August 1970)
Annex 152
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Annex 153
Letter from the Ambassador of Spain in Libreville to the Spanish Ministry of Foreign Affairs (18 August 1970)
Annex 153
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TRANSLATION WATER STREET TRANSLATIONS [Shield] Libreville, August 18, 1970 Embassy of Spain DIRECTORATE GENERAL FOREIGN POLICY AFRICA SUBJECT: Relations between Gabon and Equatorial Guinea.- No. 224 Your Excellency: According to information that has reached this Embassy, the relations between Gabon and Equatorial Guinea are at a very critical point due mainly to the agreement of the Council of Ministers of Gabon to increase the territorial waters from 12 to 25 miles. The measure would mainly impact the Bay of Corisco and the Muni River. The Embassy of Equatorial Guinea in Gabon does not hide its displeasure, openly criticizing the Government of Gabon. May God keep Your Excellency for many years. THE HEAD OF TRADE, acting, [Stamp, illegible] 25 Aug 1970 [Signature] José Ma. SANZ - PASTOR HIS EXCELLENCY THE MINISTER OF FOREIGN AFFAIRS. MADRID.- SPA 2381_T
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WATER STREET TRANSLATIONS, LLC (212)776-171310 East 39th Street, 12th FloorNew York, NY 10016www.waterstreettranslations.cominfo@waterstreettranslations.comCERTIFICATION OF ACCURACY OF TRANSLATIONThisherebyconfirms that the foregoing translation was preparedbyJames McMillan,a linguist with substantialexperience in the translation of documents fromSpanishinto English as certified by the American Translators Association. Kent G. Heine, Managing Partner of Water Street Translations, LLC, hereby attests to the following:“To the best of my knowledge and belief, the foregoing translation is a true, accurate, and unbiased translation into English of the Spanish text attached herewith."Kent G. HeineWater Street Translations, LLC06/23/21_Date
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Annex 154
Letter No. 002967 from the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of The Gabonese Republic to the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Equatorial Guinea (28 August 1971)
TRANSLATION Document 22 Republic of Gabon Unity-Work-Justice Ministry of Foreign Affairs Secretariat General [initials] Division of African and [initials] Political Affairs No. 002967 /MAEC/DAAP. The Republic of Gabon’s Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Cooperation presents compliments to its Equatoguinean counterpart and is honored to convey the following: In light of the regulations adopted by your government via Decree I/1970 published on 9/24/70, your government granted petroleum research permits in Corisco Bay to the Conoco-Gulf and CEPSA corporations. However, the maritime areas covered by those permits are, de facto and de jure, under Gabon’s sovereign authority. The above-mentioned decree highlights both that the BANE [(Mbañe)], CONGA and COCOTIER islets belong to the Republic of Equatorial Guinea, and that using the principle of equidistance allocates to these islets the maximum breadth possible of territorial sea. MINISTRY OF FOREIGN AFFAIRS .../... OF THE REPUBLIC OF EQUATORIAL GUINEA -BATA- EG 0017_T WATER STREET TRANSLATIONS Annex 154
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TRANSLATION -2- This blatant attempt to encroach upon our continental shelf equally concerns other islands and islets, including the Gabonese coast. The Ministry of Foreign Affairs must agree with us that there can be no question of applying the rule of equidistance in this zone, given that there are numerous special circumstances resulting specifically from the coast’s shape. The Ministry esteems that the ties of brotherhood uniting our two countries must be the first consideration in all of our decisions, and, that in all boundary disputes, decisions may not be made without first consulting the two parties. Additionally, the Department opposes this unilateral position, and asks the Republic of Equatorial Guinea’s Ministry of Foreign Affairs to intervene within its government as soon as possible to halt such decisions. The Ministry heartily thanks the Republic of Equatorial Guinea’s Ministry of Foreign Affairs for its genuine cooperation, and takes this occasion to renew our assurance of our most esteemed and brotherly cooperation. Libreville, August 28, 1971 [stamp: Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Republic of Gabon, Unity-Work-Justice] EG 0018_T WATER STREET TRANSLATIONS Annex 154
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WATER STREET TRANSLATIONS, LLC 10 East 39th Street, 12th Floor New York, NY 10016 (212)776-1713www.waterstreettranslations.com [email protected] CERTIFICATION OF ACCURACY OF TRANSLATION This hereby confirms that the foregoing translation was prepared by Corinne McKay, a linguist with substantial experience in the translation of documents from French into English as certified by the American Translators Association. Kent G. Heine, Managing Partner of Water Street Translations, LLC, hereby attests to the following: “To the best of my knowledge and belief, the foregoing translation is a true, accurate, and unbiased translation into English of the French text attached herewith." Kent G. Heine Water Street Translations, LLC 09/09/21 Date Annex 154
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Annex 155
The United States, Airgram A-1798 from the US Mission to the United Nations to the US Department of State (21 October 1970)
Annex 155
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Annex 156
Airgram from the US Department of State regarding Protest of Gabon’s Extension of Territorial Waters (12 November 1970)
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Annex 157
Airgram from US Embassy in Libreville to US Department of State (28 November 1970)
Annex 157
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Annex 158
US Department of State, International Boundary Study No. 115, Cameroon – Gabon Boundary (24 September 1971)
International Boundary StudyNo. 115 - September 24, 1971Cameroon– GabonBoundary(Country Codes: CM-GB)The GeographerOffice of the GeographerBureau of Intelligence and Research
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The GeographerOffice of the GeographerDirectorate for Functional ResearchBureau of Intelligence and ResearchINTERNATIONAL BOUNDARY STUDYNo. 115CAMEROON– GABON BOUNDARYTABLE OF CONTENTSPageI.Boundary Brief.............................................................2II.Historical Background...............................................2III.Alignment......................................................................4APPENDIXI.Documents....................................................................5II.Maps...............................................................................6
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Page2CAMEROON– GABON BOUNDARYI.BOUNDARY BRIEFThe Cameroon–Gabon boundary is about 185 miles in length. It follows the thalwegs or median lines of the Kye, Ntem, Kom, and Ayina rivers for almost 90 percent of the distance. The remainder of the boundary consists of a straight-line segment of slightly morethan a mile eastward from the Equatorial Guinea tripoint to the Kye, and a line of approximately 19 miles through an area subject to inundation between the Kom and Ayina.II.HISTORICAL BACKGROUNDPortuguese naval captains followed by traders reached the coast of Gabon during the 15th century. In the 16th century, French, Dutch, and British merchants followed the lead of the Portuguese in establishing trade relations with Gabon, and missionaries were active along the coast.Beginning in 1839 French authority was gradually extended over most of the coastal area by concluding treaties with local rulers who ceded their kingdoms to France in return for protection. Prior to 1845 French possessions in western Africa were subordinate to the Governor of Senegal. Les Rivieres du Sud (Southern Rivers) was organized in 1845, which consisted of all French settlements south of Senegal to, and for a short time including, Gabon under the admiral in command of the Naval Station on the Ile de Goree. Libreville was founded in 1849, and shortly thereafter a number of expeditions penetrated into the interior of Gabon utilizing the courses of such streams as the Como, Ogooue, and Nyanga.In a series of expeditions between 1875 and 1882, the explorer, Pierre Savagnon de Brazza, explored the territory of the upper Ogooue and founded Franceville. In 1881 the administration of Gabon was entrusted to a senior naval officer with the title of"Commandant superieur des etablissements francaises du Golfe de Guinee." De Brazza was appointed "Commissaire de la Republique Francaise dans l'Ouest Afrique" in 1883, and at the same time the French "etablissements" were divided into two entities:(1)Gabon administered by its own commandant and having Cotonou and Porto Novo as dependencies, and (2) Grand Bassam and Assinie on the Ivory Coast.On April 27, 1886 a French decree afforded Gabon a lieutenant governor under the general authority of De Brazza as commissioner. Then a decree of June 29th of the same year appointed De Brazza the "Commissaire General du Government," and it also gave him authority over the colonies of French Congo and Gabon, each with their separate government organization. A decree of December 11, 1888, united French Congo and Gabon into a single administrative entity which lasted until 1903, meanwhile, a decree of April 30, 1891, gave the whole the title of French Congo.
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Page3On December 29, 1903, a decree placed the French possessions under the authority of a commissaire general. The French possessions consisted of the colonies of Gabon and Middle Congo (Moyen Congo) the territory of Ubangi–Shari, and the military territory of Chad. Two years later the territory of Ubangi–Shari and the military territory of Chad were merged into a single territory. The colony of Ubangi–Shari–Chad was formed in 1906 with Chad under a regional commander at Fort-Lamy subordinate to Ubangi–Shari. The commissioner general of French Congo was raised to the status of a governor generalship in 1908; and by a decree of January 15, 1910, the name of French Equatorial Africa was given to a federation of the three colonies (Gabon, Middle Congo, and Ubangi–Shari–Chad), each of which had its own lieutenant governor. In 1914 Chad was detached from the colony of Ubangi–Shari and made a separate territory; full colonial status wasconferred on Chad in 1920.In the meantime Germany proclaimed a protectorate over Cameroon (Kamerun) in July 1884. On December 24th of the following year, a Franco–German protocol established a boundary between their respective territories inland from the Bight of Biafra along the Campo river to the 10th meridian, and thence from the point of intersection, the parallel of latitude1 to the 15th meridian.A Franco–German convention of April 18, 1908, redelimited the boundary betweenCameroon and the French territories from Spanish Guinea (now Equatorial Guinea) to Lake Chad. The 1908 line affords the alignment of the present Cameroon–Congo(Brazzaville) boundary.Immediately prior to World War I, a Franco–German convention of November 4, 1911, again redelimited the boundary between French Equatorial Africa and Cameroon except for the sector north of the confluence of the Logone and Chari. The Cameroon boundary with Gabon was located considerably south of the present line. In the settlement following World War I, French territory ceded to Germany by the 1911 convention was restored to French Equatorial Africa.The League of Nations on July 22, 1922, conferred Cameroonian mandates on France and the United Kingdom. The French mandate consisted of the major part of the former German possession with the remainder adjacent to Nigeria under British mandateadministered as two entities known as the Northern Cameroons and Southern Cameroons.The Cameroon mandates were made trusteeships by the United Nations on December 14, 1946. The following year France established the autonomous State of Cameroun. After termination of the U.N. trusteeship, the State of Cameroun was proclaimed independent on January 1, 1960, and it became the Republic of Cameroun on the following March 4th. The Southern Cameroons voted in a plebiscite on February 11, 1961, for union with the 1A Franco–German boundary commission of 1900–1903 adopted the latitude of 2º10'20" N. for this parallel which was commonly referred to as the Campo parallel.
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Page4Republic of Cameroun which was accomplished the following October 1st. The newlyunified state was named the Federal Republic of Cameroon.Following World War II, Gabon became an overseas territory in the French Union. In 1958 Gabon elected to join the French Community as an autonomous republic. Afteragreements of transfer of power and cooperation were signed in Paris on July 12, 1960, the Gabon Republic proclaimed its independence on August 17, 1960.III.ALIGNMENTThe alignment of the Cameroon–Gabon boundary is determined by the Franco–Germanconvention of April 9, 1908. It is delimited eastward from the Equatorial Guinea (Rio Muni) tripoint at 2º10'20" N. and 11º20'E.2 to the Congo (Brazzaville) tripoint at the intersection of the Ayina and the parallel of 2º10'20" N.Article I (a). The boundary between the French Congo [Gabon] and the Cameroons, beginning with Spanish Guinea (El Muny) [Equatorial Guinea tripoint] (meridian 9º east Paris, 11º20' Greenwich), follows:3The Kye (Kje) River, from its confluence with the Mvezeu (Mwese) [Mvezeu] River to its confluence with the Ntem (Campo) River.The Ntem River, from its confluence with the Kye River to its confluence with the Kom River.The Kom River, from its confluence with the Ntem River to the confluence with the left affluent of the Kom nearest to the Aina (Ayem, Jvindo) [Ayina] basin, cutting across parallel 2º15'N. or situated in its vicinity.The course of that affluent, from its confluence with the Kom River to its intersection with parallel 2º15' N.4Parallel 2º15' N. from its intersection with the above-mentioned affluent of the Kom River to its intersection with the left affluent of the Aina River nearest to the Kom basin, cutting across parallel 2º15' N. or situated in its vicinity.2The meridian of 11º20' E. forming the eastern boundary of Equatorial Guinea with Gabon was established by a Franco–Spanish convention of June 27, 1900.3Although considered traditionally to be a straight line segment, the Franco–German convention of April 19, 1908, did not specify a boundary between the Equatorial Guinea tripoint and the confluence of the Kye and Mvezeu.4With a possible exception in the vicinity of the meridian of 12º15'E., the Kom is situated to the north of the parallel of 2º15' N. Eastward from the Kom to the Ayina, the boundary usually is shown as a line dissecting a large area subject to inundation.
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Page5The course of that Affluent, from parallel 2º15' N. to its confluence with the Aina River.The course of the Aina River to its eastern intersection with parallel 2º10'20" N. [Congo (Brazzaville) tripoint], near Marker No. 13.5APPENDIXI.DOCUMENTS1.Protocol relating to the German and French Possessions on the West AfricanCoast. Signed at Berlin, December 24, 1885 [Ratifications exchanged at Berlin, July 28, 1886]. Edward Hertslet, The Map of Africa by Treaty, 3 vols. 3rd Edition (London: Harrison and Sons, 1909). (Vol. 2, p. 653–4).2.Protocol between the French and German Delegates for the Settlement of the Questions pending between the two countries in the Region comprised between the colonies of the Cameroons and French Congo; and to fix the Line of Demarcation of their Respective spheres of Influence in the Region of Lake Tchad. Berlin, February 4, 1894. Ibid, Vol. 2, pp. 657–60 (French)3.Convention between the French Republic and Germany for the Delimitation of the Colony of the French Congo and the Colony of Kamerun and the French and German Spheres of Influence in the Lake Chad Region. Signed at Berlin on March15, 1894 [Ratifications exchanged at Paris on August 10, 1894]. British and Foreign State Papers (BFSP), Vol. 86 (1893–4) pp. 974–8 (French).4.Convention between France and Spain for the Delimitation of the French and Spanish Possessions on the Sahara Coast and the Gulf of Guinea Coast. Signed at Paris, June 27, 1900 [Ratifications exchanged at Paris on March 22, 1901].BFSP, Vol. 92 (1899–1900) pp. 1014–7.5.Convention between France and Germany confirming the Protocol and its Annex of April 9, 1908, defining the Boundary between the Colonies of the French Congo and the Cameroons. Signed at Berlin, April 18, 1908 [Ratifications exchanged at Berlin, July 28, 1908]. BFSP, Vol. 101 (1907–8), pp. 1003–11 (French).6.Cottes, Capitaine A., La Mission Cottes au Sud–Cameroun (1905–1908); Ernest LeRoux, Editeur; Paris, 1911; pp. 10, 11, and 106.5Article I (a) of the 1908 convention also states that islands in the Kye, Ntem, and Kom shall belong to Germany and islands in the Ayina to France.
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Page67.Convention between France and Germany relating to their Possessions inEquatorial Africa. Signed at Berlin, November 4, 1911 [Ratifications exchanged at Paris, March 12, 1912]. BFSP, Vol. 104 (1911), pp. 956–64 (French).II.MAPS 1.Institute Geographique National – Paris (Centre de Yaounde): scale 1:200,000; 1958-67; sheets NA-32, XVIII (Ebolowa), NA-33-XIII (Djoum), and NA-33-XIV (Mintom). 2. Institut Geographique National – Paris (Centre de Yaounde): scale 1:500,000; 1963-9; sheets NA-32-N.E. (Yaounde) and NA-33-N.O. (Abong Mbang).This International Boundary Study is one of a series of specific boundary papers preparedby The Geographer, Office of the Geographer, Directorate for Functional Research,Bureau of Intelligence and Research, Department of State, in accordance with provisions of Bureau of the Budget Circular No. A-16.Government agencies may obtain additional information and copies of the study by calling The Geographer, Room 8744, Department of State, Washington, D.C., 20520 (Telephone:632-2021 or 632-2022).
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Airgram No. A-011 from the Embassy of the United States to the Gabonese Republic to the US Department of State (8 February 1972)
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Memorandum of Conversation between Chargé d’Affaires of the Embassy of The French Republic to The Gabonese Republic and US Embassy official (5 April 1972)
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Letter from the Ambassador of The Gabonese Republic to the United Nations to the UN Secretary-General (28 August 1972)
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Telegram No. 546 from the Embassy of the United States to The Gabonese Republic to the US Department of State (2 September 1972)
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Circular No. 142 from the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the State of Spain to the Ambassadors of the Spanish State to the Republic of Equatorial Guinea, to The Gabonese Republic, to The Ethiopian Empire, The French Republic, and the Permanent Representative at the United Nations (19 September 1972)
TRANSLATION MINISTRY OF FOREIGN AFFAIRS Communiqué from the AFRICA, NEAR AND MIDDLE EAST DEPARTMENT Issued on the 19th of September , 197 2 at ________ The Minister of Foreign Affairs to Ambassadors of Spain at Santa Isabel, Libreville, Addis Ababa, Paris Permanent Representative at the United Nations OUTGOING ENCODED Circular No. 142 Class ENCODED AFRICA POLICY: SPANISH AMBASSADOR IN KINSHASA REPORTS THAT; AFTER THE PRESIDENTS OF ZAIRE, EQUATORIAL GUINEA, GABON AND CONGO MET, HE AND THE FRENCH AMBASSADOR WERE SUMMONED BY THE ACTING MINISTER OF FOREIGN AFFAIRS, MR. EKCOMBI, CHAIRMAN OF THE FOUR-COUNTRY COMMISSION. ACCORDING TO MR. EKCOMBI, THE COMMISSION REQUESTS THAT THE SPANISH AND FRENCH GOVERNMENTS BE CONSULTED TO OBTAIN NECESSARY INFORMATION ON THE EQUATORIAL GUINEA-GABON CONFLICT, AS THE PRESIDENTS OF THE RESPECTIVE COUNTRIES AGREED: SPECIFICALLY, WHICH COLONIAL POWER ADMINISTERED THE ISLANDS OF MBAÑE, CONGA, AND COCOTIER UNTIL BOTH COUNTRIES’ INDEPENDENCE. BOTH GOVERNMENTS’ REPORTS WOULD HAVE TO BE DELIVERED TO THE MINISTER OF FOREIGN AFFAIRS OF ZAIRE—CHAIRMAN OF THE COMMISSION CREATED FOR THAT PURPOSE BY THE RESPECTIVE AMBASSADORS IN KINSHASA—SO THAT, ONCE THE REPORTS ARE STUDIED, THEY MAY BE SUBMITTED AT THE MEETING OF THE FOUR PRESIDENTS. THE FOUR PRESIDENTS ARE TO MEET IN CONGO (BRAZZAVILLE), SHORTLY. REPRESENTATIVES OF THE FOUR COUNTRIES WERE PRESENT AT THE AFOREMENTIONED MEETING WITH THE SPANISH AND FRENCH AMBASSADORS. THE GUINEAN MINISTER OF THE INTERIOR STATED THE FOLLOWING: 1. SPAIN ADMINISTERED CORISCO, ELOBEYES AND THE ISLETS SINCE THE 1900 SPANISH-FRENCH CONVENTION UNTIL GUINEA’S INDEPENDENCE. 2. GABON GAINED INDEPENDENCE IN 1960, AND SPAIN ADMINISTERED THE ISLANDS UNTIL 1968 WITH NO PROTEST FROM GABON. 3. IN MAY 1955, FRANCE ATTEMPTED TO PLACE BEACONS ON THE ISLAND OF COCOTIER. SPAIN PROTESTED AND SENT WARSHIPS. FRANCE WITHDREW FROM THAT ISLAND. SPA 2220_T WATER STREET TRANSLATIONS Annex 163
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FOREIGN AFFAIRS ENCODED OUTGOING TRANSLATION Issued on the ___________________________ of _______________ , 197 ___________________________________ at _______________ The Minister of Foreign Affairs Circular No. __________ to _________________________________________________ of Spain Class _______________ at ________________________________________________________ 4. IN 1962, SPAIN GRANTED AN OIL COMPANY EXPLORATION RIGHTS IN THAT ENTIRE ZONE AND ALLOWED IT TO SET UP CAMP ON THE ISLAND OF MBAÑE. GABON DID NOT PROTEST AGAINST SPAIN. 5. GABON SHOULD HAVE PLACED ITS SOVEREIGNTY CLAIM ON RECORD IN ITS DECLARATION OF INDEPENDENCE. 6. GABON STATED THAT IT BASES ITS CLAIM ON THE 1958 GENEVA CONVENTION ON THE CONTINENTAL SHELF. EQUATORIAL GUINEA IS OF THE OPINION THAT GABON’S CLAIM IS BASELESS SINCE THAT CONVENTION TOOK PLACE LONG AFTER THE 1900 CONVENTION. 7. THE GOVERNMENT OF GABON APPARENTLY REQUESTS THAT ZONE OF MBAÑE BE CONSIDERED NEUTRAL. EQUATORIAL GUINEA IS OF THE OPINION THAT, IF GABON REALLY CONSIDERS ITSELF SOVEREIGN OVER THOSE ISLANDS, THERE IS NO REASON FOR IT TO PROPOSE THEIR NEUTRALIZATION. THE GABONESE MINISTER OF FOREIGN AFFAIRS STATED THE FOLLOWING: 1. HISTORICAL ARGUMENTS: THEY GO BACK TO THE END OF ‘39 THROUGH 1883, WHEN FRANCE DELIMITED THAT ZONE’S COAST. GABON RECOGNIZES THAT CORISCO AND THE ELOBEYES BELONG TO EQUATORIAL GUINEA, ACCORDING TO THE 1900 CONVENTION. IN GABON'S OPINION, THE OTHER ISLANDS ARE UNDER FRANCE’S SOVEREIGNTY AND, THEREFORE, BELONG TO GABON. 2. REASON FOR THE DISPUTE:: a) FISHING BOATS LANDED ON MBAÑE AND WERE DRIVEN OUT BY EQUATOGUINEAN TROOPS. b) BY DECREE OF SEPTEMBER 24, 1970, EQUATORIAL GUINEA GRANTS OIL EXPLORATION PERMIT TO GULF AND CEPSA, BEYOND CORISCO, CONSIDERING CONGA AND COCOTIER AS ITS NATIONAL TERRITORY. GABON DID NOT CONSIDER ISSUING A TIMELY PROTEST AT THAT TIME AND SENT A 1971 COMMISSION TO BATA. THE NEGOTIATIONS FAILED. SPA 2221_T WATER STREET TRANSLATIONS Annex 163
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TRANSLATION MINISTRY OF FOREIGN AFFAIRS Communiqué for AFRICA, NEAR AND MIDDLE EAST Issued on the ________ of ________________ , 197 at ____________ The Minister of Foreign Affairs to ________________________________________________ of Spain at OUTGOING ENCODED Circular No. Class ____________ c) AFTER 1971, GABON CONFIDENTIALLY INDICATED TO EQUATORIAL GUINEA THAT GRANTING SAID PERMIT WAS IN GABON’S PURVIEW. SUBSEQUENTLY, THE COMMISSION MET ON MARCH 23, 1972, IN LIBREVILLE AND ON JUNE 23, 1972, IN BATA. NO CONSTRUCTIVE SOLUTION WAS ACHIEVED. d) BY DECREE 681 OF MAY 14, 1970, GABON GRANTED EXPLORATION RIGHTS TO GULF OIL AND SHELL GABON. e) GABON RECOGNIZES EQUATORIAL GUINEA’S SOVEREIGNTY OVER CORISCO, THE ELOBEYES, LEVA, AND HOCO. GABON ONLY CONSIDERS ITSELF SOVEREIGN OVER THE ISLANDS OF MBAÑE, CONGA AND COCOTIER. THE SPANISH AMBASSADOR IN KINSHASA ADDS THE HE LEARNED THAT THE MINISTRY OF FOREIGN AFFAIRS OF ZAIRE HAS SENT THE AFOREMENTIONED CONSULTATION REQUEST TO THE SPANISH GOVERNMENT. IN PRINCIPLE, THIS MINISTRY IS INCLINED TO ANSWER THE CONSULTATION FILED BY ZAIRE. LOPEZ BRAVO. [(Signed) Illegible] TIME 23:35 19 [ILLEGIBLE] 1972 To be transmitted. TO BE TRANSMITTED [Illegible] SPA 2222_T WATER STREET TRANSLATIONS Annex 163
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WATER STREET TRANSLATIONS, LLC 10 East 39th Street, 12th Floor New York, NY 10016 (212)776-1713www.waterstreettranslations.com [email protected] CERTIFICATION OF ACCURACY OF TRANSLATION This hereby confirms that the foregoing translation was prepared by Anthony Palomo, a linguist with substantial experience in the translation of documents from Spanish into English as certified by the American Translators Association. Kent G. Heine, Managing Partner of Water Street Translations, LLC, hereby attests to the following: “To the best of my knowledge and belief, the foregoing translation is a true, accurate, and unbiased translation into English of the Spanish text attached herewith." Kent G. Heine Water Street Translations, LLC 09/08/21 Date Annex 163
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Telegram from Equatorial Guinea’s Minister of Foreign Affairs to the Permanent Representative of the Republic of Equatorial Guinea to the United Nations (11 September 1972)
TRANSLATION WATER STREET TRANSLATIONS Western Union Telegram DCC 123 (59)MA241 M IMC0209 VIA WUI 0640/09 UWA9776 COV616 UWNX BU EGBT 184 BATARIOMUNI 184 7 1500P EST VIA WUI VERY URGENT PERMANENT REPRESENTATIVE EQUATORIAL GUINEA UN 400 EAST 2ND STREET NEW YORK APT 6D PLEASE COMMUNICATE URGENTLY SECRETARY GENERAL UN SO THAT SECURITY COUNCIL TAKE ACTION PURSUANT TO CHARTER ARTICLES 34 AND 35 FOLLOWING THE EXPANSION OF TERRITORIAL WATERS TO 170 MILES COMMA ON AUGUST 23 GABONESE GOVERNMENT HAS INVADED PAGE 2/50 ALL OF THE ISLANDS OF EQUATORIAL GUINEA ELOZEY [sic] GRANDE ELOZEY [sic] CHICO CORISCO AND SMALL ISLANDS ADJACENT [sic] ITS PROVINCE RIO MUMI [sic] PERIOD THE FOUR GUARDS THAT WERE DEFENDING THE ISLAND AND TWENTY FOUR NATIVE CORISCO GUINEANS DETAINED MISTREATED WORK TORTURED TIED OBLIGATED FOOD LIKE ANIMALS PERIOD DURING PAGE 3/50 THIS WEEK GABONESE GOVERNMENT HAS PLACED THEIR BATTLESHIPS AROUND RIVER MUNI ESTUARY AND SURROUNDING ISLANDS PERIOD OUR SHIPS THAT SERVED AS A KOGO-CORISCO LINK ALL SUNK PERIOD FACED WITH NO COMMUNICATIONS WITH THE ISLANDS WE DO NOT KNOW THE FATE OF ITS INHABITANTS AS A RESULT OF MANIFEST AGGRESSION PERIOD EQUATORIAL GUINEAN GOVERNMENT REQUESTS IMMEDIATE INTERVENTION SECURITY COUNCIL PAGE 4/34 SO THAT GABONESE GOVERNMENT REMOVE ITS FORCES FROM EQUATORIAL GUINEAN TERRITORIAL WATERS PERIOD GABONESE GOVERNMENT HAS VIOLATED ARTICLE 2 PARAGRAPH 4 OF UN CHARTER PERIOD ACKNOWLEDGEMENT OF RECEIPT PERIOD REGARDS EG 0215_T Annex 164
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WATER STREET TRANSLATIONS, LLC (212)776-171310 East 39th Street, 12th FloorNew York, NY 10016www.waterstreettranslations.cominfo@waterstreettranslations.comCERTIFICATION OF ACCURACY OF TRANSLATIONThisherebyconfirms that the foregoing translation was preparedbyGary Haldeman,a linguist with substantialexperience in the translation of documents fromSpanish into English as certified by the American Translators Association. Kent G. Heine, Managing Partner of Water Street Translations, LLC, hereby attests to the following:“To the best of my knowledge and belief, the foregoing translation is a true, accurate, and unbiased translation into English of the Spanish text attached herewith."Kent G. HeineWater Street Translations, LLC06/23/21_Date
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Telegram No. 644 from the Embassy of the United States of America to The Gabonese Republic to the US Department of State (11 September 1972)
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Letter from Gabon to Secretary of the United Nations (13 September 1972)
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Routine Telegram No. 434 from Kinshasa (15 September 1972)
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Telegram from US Embassy in Libreville to US Department of State (19 September 1972)
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Letter from the Embassy of Spain in Abidjan to the Minister of Foreign Affairs in Madrid (30 September 1972)
TRANSLATION [Shield] Embassy of Spain AFRICA Abidjan, September 20, 1972 SUBJECT: Statements by President Bongo following the Kinshasa Meeting No. 599 Your Excellency: According to information transmitted by the France Presse Agency, President Bongo, upon his return to Libreville, is said to have made the following statements to the press: “The encounter at the Kinshasa summit has taken place in very good conditions, thanks to the Presidents Mobutu and N’Gouabi, but there has not been an understanding. It has been suggested to me that I abandon the isle of M’Bane and I have said that I am there and I am staying there. There has been some good and some bad, good because the spirit in which our work has developed has been constructive. Bad because small lies have been told. They are, however, things that have occurred before the Kinshasa summit and we have no need to revisit them. For my part, there is no way I will give up one inch of the national territory.” President Bongo, according to this information, has indicated that France and Spain would be asked to specify the terms of the Agreement these two countries signed on June 27, 1900, establishing the status of the referenced islands off the coast of Gabon and Equatorial Guinea. Otherwise, he added, I will interpret this convention as I understand it. As soon as the precisions in question are obtained, Presidents Bongo and Macias will meet again in Brazzaville, indicating that, in principle, this meeting should take place before September 30. Finally, the President of Gabon is said to have stated that, following the Kinshasa meeting, he invited Presidents Macias and N’Gouabi to accompany him to Libreville, proposing to go himself to Santa Isabel the next day. Both, he concluded, declined. May God ... SPA 2223_T WATER STREET TRANSLATIONS Annex 169
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TRANSLATION KEEP YOUR EXCELLENCY FOR MANY YEARS THE AMBASSADOR OF SPAIN [Signature] T.de AguilarHis Excellency the Minister of Foreign Affairs MADRID SPA 2224_T WATER STREET TRANSLATIONS Annex 169
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WATER STREET TRANSLATIONS, LLC (212)776-171310 East 39th Street, 12th FloorNew York, NY 10016www.waterstreettranslations.cominfo@waterstreettranslations.comCERTIFICATION OF ACCURACY OF TRANSLATIONThisherebyconfirms that the foregoing translation was preparedbyJim McMillan,a linguist with substantialexperience in the translation of documents fromSpanishinto English as certified by the American Translators Association. Kent G. Heine, Managing Partner of Water Street Translations, LLC, hereby attests to the following:“To the best of my knowledge and belief, the foregoing translation is a true, accurate, and unbiased translation into English of the Spanish text attached herewith."Kent G. HeineWater Street Translations, LLC07/28/21_Date
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Telegram No. 190230 from the US Department of State to the Embassies of the United States of America to The Gabonese Republic, the United Kingdom, The French Republic, the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, Japan, the United Nations, and The United Republic of Cameroon (18 October 1972)
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Telegram No. 282 from the Embassy of the United States of America to the Kingdom of the Netherlands to the US Department of State (26 October 1972)
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Telegram from US Embassy in Libreville to US Department of State, “Gabon’s November,” (5 December 1972)
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Memorandum from the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Spain summarizing President Macias’ September 8th Speech to the Diplomatic Corps (15 September 1972)
TRANSLATION WATER STREET TRANSLATIONS MINISTRY OF FOREIGN AFFAIRS Office of the General Director for Foreign Policy Office of the Assistant General Director for Africa, Near and Middle East. IX-15-72 RE: Conflict between Equatorial Guinea and the Gabonese Republic Since approximately one year ago, a conflict has arisen between Equatorial Guinea and Gabon due to a series of islets located in ill-defined zones of the territorial waters of both countries. This confusion about the limit arises partly from the Treaty of Paris of 1900 between France and Spain. That is why Gabon and Equatorial Guinea requested in due time advice from the French and Spanish Governments in order to clarify this situation. However, and in spite of the meetings held in the month of June and July between Gabonese and Guineans, Gabon occupied with approximately 150 men the Island of Baña (one of the islets in dispute). President Bongo visited the camp established in Baña and stated his intention to set up permanent military quarters there. The Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Gabonese Republic requested Spain's assistance and cooperation in this conflict from our Chargé d'Affaires in Libreville. Our Chargé d'Affaires replied to the Minister that, for obvious reasons, Spain could not intervene in this matter, given the historical bonds that bind us to Equatorial Guinea and the existence of our friendly relations with Gabon and Equatorial Guinea. The Gabonese Minister showed understanding of the answer given by our Chargé d'Affaires. For its part, Equatorial Guinea at the beginning of the year requested Spain's advice on this matter. Spain, without going into the reasons for the conflict, provided the legal aspect of that advice, with Guinea appreciating this friendly intervention by Spain. In view of the occupation of the Island of Baña, President Macías, on the 8th day of this month, summoned the Diplomatic Corps accredited in Equatorial Guinea to explain "Bay of Corisco's extremely serious situation." He did so at length, and his speech was translated into French and English. He started by asserting that Gabon had occupied militarily all the Islands in the Bay of Corisco on the 23rd day of August last. The operation, according to President Macias, started in the Island of Mbaue where the garrison was captured, consisting of 4 men who were beaten up and deprived of weapons. Subsequently, the garrison was returned to Guinea. The Guinean President stated A 173 SPA 2572_T Annex 173
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TRANSLATION WATER STREET TRANSLATIONS that Gabon had sunk several canoes that guaranteed the supplies to the Islands, with their crews dying, and only the Nigerians who were fishing in those waters were able to save themselves and arrived in the city of Bata on the same day, the 23rd. As President Macías said, the fate of the garrison (16 men) on the Island of Corisco is not known, since Gabon is keeping warships in those waters that are continuing to sink any canoe that attempts to approach any of the islets. The Guinean President asserted likewise that Gabon is training inhabitants of Corisco who are political enemies of Macías' regime, under the command of the former Deputy from that Island who took refuge in Gabon after the failed coup d'etat by Atanasio Ndongo in the month of March 1969. President Macías asserted that he notified the Secretary General of the United Nations and also the Administrative Secretary General of the OAU. He likewise stated that President Bongo, on the 18th day of July last, sent him a letter proposing the neutralization of the Bay of Corisco, the free transit of nationals of both countries, the joint exploitation of the mining wealth, and maintaining a joint maritime policy. President Macías replied to that letter on the 20th day of the same month rejecting the proposal and asking to hold new meetings to establish the territorial waters of the Islands in dispute, basing his argument on national sovereignty according to the Treaty of Paris of 1900. The President of Equatorial Guinea stated that it was not a matter of a border conflict but of oil reservoirs, and that Spain, complying with its commitments, had transferred to the Guinean Government the concessions made during the colonial period to the "Mobil" and "Gulf" Companies; after independence concessions were increased by adding "Chevron." The "Gulf" Company reported the existence of large oil reservoirs in the Bay of Corisco, warning the Guinean Government that it was ceasing prospecting operations because Gabon was asserting sovereignty over those waters. The "Gulf" Company, always according to Macías' statements, in spite of repeated requests by Guinea, remained firm in its refusal, probably due to Gabonese pressure. President Macías concluded his remarks by asserting that he was giving orders to the Army and to the population to remain calm, since he only desired peace and the diplomatic solution of the problem. On the 9th day of this month, the President of the Gabonese Republic sent a letter to the Ambassador of Equatorial Guinea at Libreville justifying the occupation of the Island of Baña by Gabon. In that letter it was asserted that the occupation will be permanent because it involved Gabonese territory. During the last ten days. the Spanish Embassy at Libreville reports that more than 100 refugees have arrived at Cabo Esteras, in Gabonese territory, due to the repression by President Macías against partisans suspected of promoting the annexation of Corisco to Gabon. SPA 2573_T Annex 173
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TRANSLATION WATER STREET TRANSLATIONS PAGE 3 On the 10th day of this month, the Minister of Foreign Affairs of Gabon departed from Libreville for New York in order to counteract, before the General Assembly of the United Nations, the influence of the Guinean Minister of Foreign Affairs who intends to intervene before said International Organization. President Macías on the 11th day of this month summoned the Spanish Ambassador at Santa Isabel and informed him that Spain could not remain indifferent to the problem, therefore he was asking him for help and advice. The Guinean President made it clear to the Spanish Diplomatic Representative that Gabon had not occupied the Island of Corisco but was preventing communication with the rest of the Muni Estuary by sinking any vessel attempting to establish communications. Equatorial Guinea has requested an immediate meeting by the Security Council of the United Nations. The Spanish Ministry of Foreign Affairs is of the opinion that the petition made by President Macías should be accepted with respect to the Spanish Delegation to the United Nations providing the Equatorial Guinean Delegation with technical advice on the problem. Likewise, the Spanish Delegation ought to make arrangements in this regard with the friendly members of the Council and request, should the Spanish Delegation deem it suitable, to register this matter in the debate. This is due to the following reasons: 1. The situation of Spanish subjects and interests in Equatorial Guinea. 2. The outstanding decolonization problems that Spain still has. 3. Spanish position before Third World countries. 4. Spain's trustworthiness before Western countries by defending a former colony. 5. Article 22 of the Regulations of the Organization of African Unity (OAU) provides that the borders of the new countries shall be respected based on the borders of the former colonial territories. On the other hand, Spain ought to encourage negotiations between Equatorial Guinea and the Gabonese Republic within a peaceful framework. Likewise, given that France has great influence in Gabon, Spain ought to make arrangements in Paris to explain our intervention in support of Equatorial Guinea and emphasize that such intervention should not be carried out against the Gabonese Republic, with which Spain maintains excellent diplomatic relations. Similarly, we must insist that the existence of a conflict between Gabon and Equatorial Guinea is not in Spain's or France's interests, as former colonial powers of the two countries in conflict. SPA 2574_T Annex 173
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WATER STREET TRANSLATIONS, LLC (212)776-171310 East 39th Street, 12th FloorNew York, NY 10016www.waterstreettranslations.cominfo@waterstreettranslations.comCERTIFICATION OF ACCURACY OF TRANSLATIONThis hereby confirms that the foregoing translation was prepared by Anthony Palomo, a linguist with substantial experience in the translation of documents from Spanish into English as certified by the American Translators Association.Kent G. Heine, Managing Partner of Water Street Translations, LLC, hereby attests to the following:“To the best of my knowledge and belief, the foregoing translation is a true, accurate, and unbiased translation into English of the Spanish text attached herewith."Kent G. HeineWater Street Translations, LLC08/02/21_Date
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Telegram No. 526 from the Embassy of the United States of America to The Gabonese Republic to the US Department of State (3 June 1973)
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Telegram from Embassy of the United Kingdom to The United Republic of Cameroon to the British Mission to the United States and Chanceries of Yauonde, Addis Ababa and Kinshasa (16 July 1974)
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WATER STREET TRANSLATIONS, LLC (212)776-171310 East 39th Street, 12th FloorNew York, NY 10016www.waterstreettranslations.cominfo@waterstreettranslations.comCERTIFICATION OF ACCURACY OF TRANSLATIONThisherebyconfirmsthattheforegoingtranslation was preparedbyKaren Brovey,alinguist with substantial experience in thetranslationofdocumentsfromFrenchintoEnglish as certifiedbythe American Translators Association.KentG.Heine,Managing PartnerofWaterStreetTranslations,LLC,hereby atteststothe following:“To the best of my knowledge and belief, the foregoing translation is a true, accurate, and unbiased translation into English of the French text attached herewith."Kent G. HeineWater Street Translations, LLCFebruary19,2021_Date
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Letter from the President of The Gabonese Republic, HE Albert Bernardo Bongo to the Embassy of The French Republic to The Gabonese Republic (28 October 1974)
TRANSLATION GABONESE REPUBLIC PRESIDENCY OF THE REPUBLIC Ref. 00985/ P.R. [initials] UNION-WORK-JUSTICE Libreville, [stamp:] OCT. 28, 1974 The President of the Gabonese Republic Head of Government to The Extraordinary and Plenipotential Ambassador of the French Republic to the Gabonese Republic [hw:] Confidential - LIBREVILLE To the Ambassador, I have just learned that the President for Life of the Republic of Equatorial Guinea has recently met with the ambassadors accredited to his country to speak to them about the Convention setting the boundaries of our two States; that he even made statements about the compensation of damage suffered by his citizens following the recovery by Gabon of lands that belonged to it by virtue of the Convention of June 27, 1900. Rather than adopt this extraordinary procedure of my colleague, I have felt it useful to conform to the non-striking international practice that recommends that countries with friendly relations inform one another of the development of their relationship with third-party states. I have also taken the liberty of sending you, attached, two examples, in French and Spanish of the Convention on Boundaries that President Marcias NGUEMA BIYOGHE and I signed at BATA on September 12 of this year, and to ask you to kindly send them to your government. [stamp:] EMBASSY OF FRANCE IN GABON No. 924 .../... Arrived: OCT. 31, 1974 DL-EG0107_T WATER STREET TRANSLATIONS Annex 176
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TRANSLATION - 2 – Although this is a matter that concerns only Gabon and Equatorial Guinea, any suggestion by your government to this effect will, as always, be well received. I remain, Mr. Ambassador, very truly yours. [stamp:} PRESIDENT OF THE REPUBLIC HEAD OF GOVERNMENT GABONESE REPUBLIC UNION-WORK-JUSTICE [signature] Albert Bernard BONGO. DL-EG0108_T WATER STREET TRANSLATIONS Annex 176
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WATER STREET TRANSLATIONS, LLC 10 East 39th Street, 12th Floor New York, NY 10016 (212)776-1713www.waterstreettranslations.com [email protected] CERTIFICATION OF ACCURACY OF TRANSLATION This hereby confirms that the foregoing translation was prepared by Eve Hecht, a linguist with substantial experience in the translation of documents from French into English as certified by the American Translators Association. Kent G. Heine, Managing Partner of Water Street Translations, LLC, hereby attests to the following: “To the best of my knowledge and belief, the foregoing translation is a true, accurate, and unbiased translation into English of the French text attached herewith." Kent G. Heine Water Street Translations, LLC 08/25/21 Date Annex 176
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Letter from the Embassy of The Gabonese Republic to the United Kingdom to the Secretary of State for External Affairs and the Commonwealth, United Kingdom (28 June 1990)
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TRANSLATION WATER STREET TRANSLATIONS Embassy of the Republic of Gabon No. 412/90 /Amb/Gab/DB The Chargé d'Affaires ad interim of the Embassy of the Republic of Gabon extends his greetings to the Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs and the Commonwealth, and is honored to inform him of the following: The Government of the Republic of Equatorial Guinea has informed the Government of Gabon that it has authorized the British Company “CLARION PETROLEUM” to carry out the prospecting and, possibly, the exploitation of petroleum in the area specified in the attached map, which is supposedly located outside of the area that is the subject of a border dispute between the two countries. However, a review of the document provided by the same Authorities of the Republic of Equatorial Guinea clearly shows that, despite its allegations, this permit clearly encroaches on Gabonese Territory, not only because it includes the Island of MBANIE, which belongs to Gabon, but also because it fails to observe a central line established as an obligation pursuant to an agreement, which line is located at an equitable distance between MBANIE (GABON) and CORISCO (EQUATORIAL GUINEA). EG 0641_T
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TRANSLATION WATER STREET TRANSLATIONS The permit obtained by “CLARION PETROLEUM” clearly refers to an area located within the disputed area. Therefore, the Chargé d'Affaires ad interim of the Embassy of the Republic of Gabon respectfully requests that the Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs and the Commonwealth, in consideration of the good relations of friendship and cooperation between the United Kingdom and Gabon, intervene and ask “CLARION PETROLEUM” to refrain from performing any work in that area and to suspend the prospecting of petroleum, at least until a decision on the maritime boundary between the two countries has been reached. The Chargé d'Affaires ad interim of the Embassy of the Republic of Gabon thanks the Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs and the Commonwealth in advance for his cooperation with this matter. Chargé d'Affaires ad interim of the Embassy of the Republic of Gabon takes this opportunity to extend to the Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs and the Commonwealth the assurances of his highest consideration. London, June 28, 1990 LONDON OFFICE OF THE SECRETARY OF STATE FOR FOREIGN AFFAIRS AND THE COMMONWEALTH EG 0642_T Annex 177
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Note Verbale from the Embassy of The Gabonese Republic to the Republic of Equatorial Guinea to the Ministry of External Affairs, International Cooperation, and Francophony of the Republic of Equatorial Guinea (13 September 1999)
TRANSLATION WATER STREET TRANSLATIONS EMBASSY OF THE GABONESE REPUBLIC Union – Work – Justice IN THE REPUBLIC OF EQUATORIAL GUINEA ________ POB 18 Malabo, MALABO _____ No. 00251 /AMBAG/GE/99 VERBAL NOTE [handwriting in Spanish:] Accept the meeting [initials] The Embassy of the Gabonese Republic in Malabo presents its compliments to the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and International Cooperation of the Republic of Equatorial Guinea and has the honor of sending it, attached, Verbal Note no. 001989/MAEF/SG/D1 dated September 13, 1999, originating with the Gabonese Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Cooperation, and Francophony concerning the unilateral delimitation by Equatorial Guinea of the maritime boundary between the two countries; contrary to the base lines as fixed by Decree no. 2066/PR dated December 4, 1992, a copy of which is attached, concerning the fact that the MBANIE-CONGA-COCOTIERS zone belongs to Gabon, properly communicated to the Equatoguinean Party on the occasion of the meeting of the Ad Hoc Gabon-Equatorial Guinea Boundary Commission in Libreville on January 17 to 20, 1993. The Gabonese government proposes to the Equatoguinean government to resume negotiations that were simply suspended in 1993, in Libreville, on a date to be agreed upon between the parties, which would be during the second two weeks of the month of September. Hoping that this is well received by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and International Cooperation of the Republic of Equatorial Guinea, the Embassy of the Gabonese Republic is counting on its prompt response and takes this occasion to renew its assurances of the greatest consideration. [hw:]FR MINISTRY OF FOREIGN AFFAIRS AND INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION MALABO.- MALABO, SEPTEMBER 23, 1999 Embassy of Gabon in Equatorial Guinea GABONESE REPUBLIC Union-Work-Justice EG 0224_T Annex 178
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TRANSLATION WATER STREET TRANSLATIONS MINISTRY OF FOREIGN AFFAIRS COOPERATION AND FRANCOPHONY SECRETARIAT GENERAL [initials] AFRICAN DIRECTORATE [initials] No. 001989/MAECF/SG/D1 GABONESE REPUBLIC UNION-WORK-JUSTICE [stamp:] EMBASSY OF GABON IN EQUATORIAL GUINEA MAIL ARRIVED ON: Sept. 13, 1999 UNDER No. 00310/99 The Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Cooperation, and Francophony of the Gabonese Republic presents its compliments to the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Equatorial Guinea and has the honor of referring to the Decree, Law n/1/1999 dated March 6, 1999, under the terms of which the Republic of Equatorial Guinea has undertaken the delimitation of its maritime area by fixing its base lines, thereby unilaterally determining the maritime boundary between the two countries. Upon examination of this document, it appears that the boundary line passes south of the island of MBANIE, which is thus in Equatoguinean territory. The Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Cooperation, and Francophony of the Gabonese Republic recalls, in this regard, to the best recollection of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Equatorial Guinea, the fact that the MBANIE-CONGA-COCOTIERS zone belongs to Gabon in accordance with the base lines as fixed by Decree no. 2066/PR dated December 4, 1992, as properly communicated to the Equatoguinean Party on the occasion of the meeting of the Ad Hoc Gabon-Equatorial Guinea Boundary Commission in Libreville on January 17 to 20, 1993. Consequently, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Cooperation, and Francophony of the Gabonese Republic expresses to its counterpart from the Republic of Equatorial Guinea both the indignation of the Gabonese government and its explicit reservations concerning the document in question. At the same time, in view of the excellent relationship of friendship, cooperation, and good neighborliness that has fortunately always existed between the two fraternal countries and, motivated by the desire to preserve this, the Gabonese government proposes to the Equatoguinean government to resume negotiations that were simply suspended in 1993, in Libreville, on a date to be agreed upon between the parties, which would be during the second two weeks of the month of September. The Ministry of Foreign Affairs Cooperation and Francophony of the Gabonese Republic takes this occasion to once again assure the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Equatorial Guinea of its greatest consideration. LBV, [stamp:] SEP. 13, 1999 [initials] MINISTRY OF FOREIGN AFFAIRS OF THE REPUBLIC OF EQUATORIAL GUINEA MALABO [stamp:] MINISTRY OF FOREIGN AFFAIRS, COOPERATION AND FRANCOPHONY THE SECRETARY GENERAL GABONESE REPUBLIC Union-Work-Justice EG 0225_T Annex 178
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TRANSLATION WATER STREET TRANSLATIONS PRESIDENCY OF THE REPUBLIC GABONESE REPUBLIC --------------- UNION-WORK-JUSTICE MINISTRY OF HOUSING, LAND REGISTRY, AND URBAN PLANNING FOR MARITIME LAW [hw:] cons. CAD [initials] ------------- VISA OF THE PRESIDENT OF THE DECREE No. 002066 PR/MHCUCDM ADMINISTRATIVE CHAMBER DEFINING THE BASE LINES STARTING OF THE SUPREME COURT FROM WHICH THE SIZE OF THE TERRITORIAL SEA IS MEASURED THE PRESIDENT OF THE REPUBLIC HEAD OF STATE In view of the Constitution; In view of Decrees no. 1481/PR and 1482/PR dated August 18, 1992, establishing the composition of the government; In view of Law 10/63 dated January 12, 1963, concerning the merchant navy code, in particular in its Article 5; In view of Law no. 9/84 dated July 12, 1984, setting up an exclusive economic zone of 200 nautical miles; In view of Decree no. 1771/PR/MDCUDM dated November 4, 1985, concerning the duties and organization of the Ministry of Domains, Land Registry, and Urban Planning, for maritime law; After consultation with the Administrative Chamber of the Supreme Court; With the consent of the Council of Ministers. DECREES: FIRST ARTICLE: The size of the territorial sea, set at 12 nautical miles or 22.224 kilometers, is measured starting from the straight base lines and normal base lines. ARTICLE 2: In the maritime zone between Cocobeach and Cap Lopez, the territorial sea is measured starting from the straight base lines connecting the following points: [initials] EG 0226_T Annex 178
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TRANSLATION WATER STREET TRANSLATIONS - 2 - POINT LATITUDE LONGITUDE A COCOBEACH (ASTRO POINT) 1o 00’ 02” N 9° 34’ 58” E B MBANIE 0o 48’ 39” N 9o 22’ 50” E C CAP ESTERIAS (POINT MEGOMBIE) : 0o 35’ 19” N 9o 19’ 01” E D POINTE NGOMBE (LIGHTHOUSE) 0o 18’ 35” N 9o 18’ 19” E E CAP LOPEZ 0o 37’ 54” S 8o 42’ 13” E ARTICLE 3: In the maritime zone between Cap Lopez and the Gabon-Congo border, the territorial sea is measured starting from the low-water mark along the coast as indicated on the large-scale marine maps officially recognized by GABON. ARTICLE 4: The ellipsoid and origin used in the definition of the geographic coordinates are: Clarke Ellipsoid of 1880 – English – zones 32 and 33: Origin: Latitude: 0o 42’ 53” 3S Longitude: 9o 09’ 49” 4E. ARTICLE 5: The maritime boundary of the Gabonese State, established using base lines thus defined, is subject to all of the jurisdictions resulting from its rights of national sovereignty, as stipulated in the relevant provisions of Law no. 9/84 dated July 9, 1984, establishing an exclusive economic zone of 200 nautical miles. [initials] EG 0227_T Annex 178
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TRANSLATION WATER STREET TRANSLATIONS - 3 - ARTICLE 6: This decree, which supersedes all prior provisions to the contrary, shall be registered, published according to the emergency procedure, and communicated wherever required. [initials] Done at Libreville, December 4, 1992 BY THE PRESIDENT OF THE REPUBLIC HEAD OF STATE THE PRIME MINISTER [signature] HEAD OF GOVERNMENT EL HADJ OMAR BONGO [signature] Casimir OYE MBA.- THE MINISTER OF HOUSING, LAND REGISTRY, AND URBAN PLANNING RESPONSIBLE FOR MARITIME LAW. [signature] Adrien NKOGHE ESSINGONE. - EG 0228_T Annex 178
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TRANSLATION WATER STREET TRANSLATIONS - 4 - THE MINISTER OF FOREIGN AFFAIRS, COOPERATION, AND FRANCOPHONY. [signature] Pascalino BONGO THE MINISTER OF LAND SETTLEMENT, LOCAL COLLECTIVES, AND DECENTRALIZATION. [signature] Antoine MBOUMBOU NIYAKOU.- For THE MINISTER OF THE MERCHANT NAVY. [illegible] For THE MINISTER OF NATIONAL DEFENSE, SECURITY, AND IMMIGRATION. [signature] Martin Fidèle MAGNAGA.- For THE MINISTER OF MINES, ENERGY, AND HYDRAULIC RESOURCES. [signature] Charles NANGOUKA. For THE MINISTER OF WATER AND FORESTS, FISHING, AND THE ENVIRONMENT. Patrice [illegible].- For THE MINISTER OF TOURISM AND [signature] NATIONAL PARKS. [illegible] MAYAZA [signature] EG 0229_T Annex 178
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TRANSLATION WATER STREET TRANSLATIONS //__________ GABON-EQUATORIAL GUINEA AD HOC BOUNDARY COMMISSION *************** PROGRAM FOR THE CLOSING CEREMONY **************************** I Introduction of the Minister of Land Settlement, Local Collectives, and Decentralization of Gabon. II Reading of the Final Communiqué III Closing address by the Head of the Delegation from Equatorial Guinea. IV Closing address by the Head of the Gabonese Delegation. Libreville, January 19, 1993 COUNSELOR FOR BOUNDARY AFFAIRS [signature] NGUEMA NDONG THOMAS.- EG 0230_T Annex 178
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Note Verbale from the Ministry of External Affairs, International Cooperation, and Francophonie of the Republic of Equatorial Guinea to the Second Vice-Prime Minister of The Gabonese Republic (21 December 2000)
TRANSLATION EG 0624_T WATER STREET TRANSLATIONS REPUBLIC OF EQUATORIAL GUINEA MINISTRY OF FOREIGN AFFAIRS, INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION, AND FRANCOPHONIE ---------------------------------------------------------- No. 4005 Ref. Sec. Gen. Off. [stamp:] MINISTRY OF THE INTERIOR AND LOCAL CORPORATIONS [illegible] 5 [illegible] 1/03/2001 Your Excellency: On today’s date, this Ministry informs the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, International Cooperation, and Francophonie of the Gabonese Republic as follows: “Note Verbale. The Ministry of Foreign Affairs, International Cooperation, and Francophonie of the Republic of Equatorial Guinea sends its kind regards to the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, International Cooperation, and Francophonie of the Gabonese Republic and, in the context of both brother Countries’ relations of friendship and cooperation, puts forward this protest of the Government of Equatorial Guinea to the Government of the Gabonese Republic in the event that reports indicating that the Government of the Gabonese Republic awarded oil exploration and exploitation permits to the [SHELL] Company for the blocks identified as MBAÑE and MBAÑE WEST prove to be true. This purported unilateral act by the Government of the Gabonese Republic violates Public International Law and the historical status of this zone. Moreover, said permits encroach upon the maritime area under the state sovereignty of the Republic of Equatorial Guinea. Thus, until the Governments of the Republic of Equatorial Guinea and the Gabonese Republic have defined the boundary and resolved matters of sovereignty in this portion of the boundary through negotiation, mediation and arbitration, or through the courts, the Government of Equatorial Guinea will not recognize the effectiveness of unilateral acts by the Gabonese Government that violate Equatorial Guinea’s legitimate rights. However, the Government of Equatorial Guinea’s firm defense of its rights … / / … Annex 179
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TRANSLATION EG 0625_T WATER STREET TRANSLATIONS - 2 - must not be interpreted as a desire to initiate confrontation with the Gabonese Republic. On the contrary, the Government of Equatorial Guinea just as firmly believes that the negotiations between Equatorial Guinea and Gabon to bring an end to and resolve any existing dispute between both sister nations must start as soon as possible and must be carried out on a continuous basis, and it believes, ultimately, that a swift and peaceful settlement of the issues concerning the maritime boundary and sovereignty of the Islands between Equatorial Guinea and Gabon will unquestionably benefit both brother Countries. The Ministry of Foreign Affairs, International Cooperation, and Francophonie of the Republic of Equatorial Guinea takes this opportunity to reiterate to the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, International Cooperation, and Francophonie of the Gabonese Republic, the assurances of its highest consideration.” I transmit the foregoing to Your Excellency for your information, records, and resulting effects. Malabo, December 21, 2000 FOR A BETTER GUINEA THE MINISTER [illegible signature] His Excellency, the Second Deputy Prime Minister, Head of the Ministry of the Interior and Local Corporations. MALABO. [stamp:] REPUBLIC OF EQUATORIAL GUINEA / MINISTRY OF FOREIGN AFFAIRS AND INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION / THE DEPUTY MINISTER Annex 179
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WATER STREET TRANSLATIONS, LLC (212)776-171310 East 39th Street, 12th FloorNew York, NY 10016www.waterstreettranslations.cominfo@waterstreettranslations.comCERTIFICATION OF ACCURACY OF TRANSLATIONThis hereby confirms that the foregoing translation was prepared by Mary Lewis, a linguist with substantial experience in the translation of documents from Spanish into English as certified by the American Translators Association.Kent G. Heine, Managing Partner of Water Street Translations, LLC, hereby attests to the following:“To the best of my knowledge and belief, the foregoing translation is a true, accurate, and unbiased translation into English of the Spanish text attached herewith."Kent G. HeineWater Street Translations, LLC04/29/21_Date
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The Gabonese Republic, Constitution “Preamble” (14 Novembre 1960) (excerpt)
Constitutional Law No. 68/60 Dated November 14, 1960, Promulgating The Constitution of the Republic of Gabon (Official Journal of November 25, 1960, pg. 701) The National Assembly has deliberated and adopted, The Prime Minister, Head of State, promulgates the constitutional law, the text of which follows: Constitution Of the Republic of Gabon -------- PREAMBLE The people of Gabon, aware of their responsibility before God, driven by the desire to safeguard their independence and national unity, to organize their common life according to the principles of social justice, solemnly reaffirm the human rights and freedoms defined in 1789, and enshrined by the Universal Declaration of Human Rights in 1948. By virtue of these principles and that of the free determination of peoples, the Gabonese people adopt this constitution. TRANSLATIONWATER STREET TRANSLATIONS
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-2- Preliminary Section Article 1: The Gabonese people furthermore proclaim their commitment to the following principles; 1. Everyone has the right to freely develop their personhood, while respecting the rights of others and while respecting public order. 2. Freedom of opinion and of religious practice are guaranteed to all, subject to respect for public order. 3. Confidentiality of correspondence and of postal, telegraphic, and telephonic communications is inalienable. No restrictions to this inalienable right can be ordered except in application of the law. 4. Everyone has the right to work and the right to obtain a job. No one can be dismissed from their job due to their sex, origins, beliefs, or opinions. 5. The State, insofar as it is capable, guarantees to all, specifically to children, mothers, and elderly workers, the protection of health, material security, rest, and leisure. 6. Every person, both individually and collectively, has the right to property. No one can be arbitrarily deprived of their property, unless when public necessity that is legally founded requires this, and under the condition of a fair and advance payment. TRANSLATIONWATER STREET TRANSLATIONS
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-3- 7. The inviolable nature of the home: “The home is inviolable. No perquisitions can be ordered except by a judge or other legally appointed authorities. Perquisitions cannot be performed other than in the forms prescribed by the aforementioned. Measures that might harm or constrain the inviolable nature of the home may not be undertaken except to avert collective danger or to protect persons at risk of death. These measures may also be undertaken in application of the law, to protect public order against imminent threats, specifically to combat the risk of an epidemic or to protect youth who are in danger.” 8. The right to form associations, societies, social institutions or religious communities is guaranteed to all, under the conditions established by law. Religious communities independently regulate and administer their affairs, subject to compliance with the principles of national sovereignty and public order. Associations and societies whose goals or activities violate criminal laws and good relationships between ethnic groups are prohibited. Any act of racial, ethnic, or religious discrimination, as well as any regionalist propaganda that might harm the internal security of the State or the territorial integrity of the Republic is punishable by law. 9. Marriage and family form the natural foundation of society. They are placed under the specific protection of the State. TRANSLATIONWATER STREET TRANSLATIONS
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-4- 10. The care and education of children constitutes, for their parents, a natural right and a duty that they exercise under the surveillance and with the help of the State and public entities. Parents have the right, in the context of the educational obligation, to make decisions about their children’s education. Children born out of wedlock have the same rights as legitimate children, concerning assistance and physical, intellectual, and moral development. 11. Protecting youth against exploitation and moral, intellectual, and physical abandonment is an obligation for the State and for public entities. 12. The State guarantees children and adults equal access to instruction, professional training, and knowledge. The State has the duty to organize all levels of public education on a cost-free basis and based on religious neutrality. The right to establish private schools is guaranteed to any person, any religious community and any legally formed association that agrees to submit to the State’s pedagogical assessments and to applicable laws. The law establishes the conditions for the State’s and public entities’ contribution to the financial expenses of private educational institutions that the State recognizes as having public benefit. TRANSLATIONWATER STREET TRANSLATIONS
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-5- In public educational institutions, religious instruction may be given to students, upon their parents’ request, under the conditions determined by regulations. 13. The country proclaims the solidarity and equality of all before the responsibilities that result from national disasters. Everyone must contribute to public expenses in proportion to their resources. SECTION ONE On the Republic and sovereignty Article 2: Gabon is an indivisible, democratic, and social Republic. It affirms the separation of religions and the State. The Republic of Gabon ensures equality before the law for all citizens without regard to their origin, race, or religion. It respects all beliefs. The national emblem is the tricolor flag: green, yellow, and blue with three horizontal stripes of equal size. The national anthem is “La Concorde.” The Republic’s slogan is “Unity, Work, Justice.” The seal of the Republic is a nursing mother. Its principle is: Government of the people, by the people, and for the people. The Republic of Gabon adopts French as the official language. TRANSLATIONWATER STREET TRANSLATIONS
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-6- Article 3.: National sovereignty comes from the people, who exercise this through elections and referendums in the cases specified by the constitution and by entities invested with legislative, executive, and judicial power. No segment of the people or any individual may take it upon itself/themself to exercise sovereignty. Suffrage is universal, equal, and secret. It may be direct or indirect, under the conditions specified by the constitution or by the law. All Gabonese nationals are electors, under the conditions determined by law, regardless of their sex. They must be 21 years old, and in possession of their civil and political rights. This age may be decreased to 18 years old for well-determined cases specified by law. Article 4: Political parties and groups contribute to the expression of the right to vote. They may freely be formed, and may freely exercise their activities in the context established by laws and regulations. They must comply with democratic principles, national sovereignty, and public order. Article 5: The Republic of Gabon is organized according to the principle of separation of legislative, executive, and judicial powers. SECTION II Concerning the President of the Republic Article 6: The President of the Republic is the head of State. The president oversees respect for the constitution, and, through mediation, ensures proper operations of government entities as well as the continuity of the State. The president is the guarantor of national independence, the integrity of the Territory, and of compliance with agreements and treaties. The president chairs the Council of Ministers, and prepares and maintains meeting minutes. If necessary, the president is replaced by the prime minister. TRANSLATIONWATER STREET TRANSLATIONS
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-7-Article 7: The President of the Republic is elected by an electoral college composed of the members of the National Assembly and the elected members from the municipalities specified in Section XI hereinbelow. The methods of application for the previous paragraph are specified by law. The President of the Republic’s term in office is six years. However, when the President of the Republic’s term expires less than six months before the end of the legislature, the term is automatically extended until the meeting of the new National Assembly. The president may be elected only one time. Article 8: The President of the Republic is elected by an absolute majority of ballots, in the first round, or, in the second round, by a relative majority. Voting is open when announced by the government. Candidacies for the office of President of the Republic must be filed at the office of the National Assembly, at least 15 days before voting is opened. The new president is elected at least 20 and not more than 30 days before the end of the sitting president’s term. In the event that the President of the Republic is temporarily impaired, as documented by the supreme court, initiated by the government and ruling via an absolute majority of its members, the President of the Republic’s duties are provisionally carried out by the Chair of the National Assembly. In the event that the President of the Republic dies, is indicted for high treason, or if the supreme court, initiated by the government, determines that the president is permanently incapacitated, the president’s duties are carried out by the Chair of the National Assembly until a new president is elected, which must occur within three months following the supreme court’s decision. TRANSLATIONWATER STREET TRANSLATIONS
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WATER STREET TRANSLATIONS, LLC (212)776-171310 East 39th Street, 12th FloorNew York, NY 10016www.waterstreettranslations.cominfo@waterstreettranslations.comCERTIFICATION OF ACCURACY OF TRANSLATIONThisherebyconfirms that the foregoing translation was preparedbyKaren Brovey, Corinne McKay, and Matthew Bunczk,linguists with substantialexperience in the translation of documentsfromFrenchinto English as certified bythe AmericanTranslatorsAssociation.Kent G. Heine, Managing Partner of Water Street Translations, LLC, hereby attests to the following:“To the best of my knowledge and belief, the foregoing translation is a true, accurate, and unbiased translation into English of the French text attachedherewith." Kent G. HeineWater Street Translations, LLC09/28/21_Date
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The Gabonese Republic, Official Gazette No. 20, “Mining Property, Forests, Estates and Land Conservation” (15 September 1967)
TRANSLATION WATER STREET TRANSLATIONS NINTH YEAR – No. 20 PRICE 300 FRANCS September 15, 1967 UNION – WORK – JUSTICE OFFICIAL GAZETTE OF THE GABONESE REPUBLIC published on the 1st and 15th of every month in Libreville DESTINATIONS 1-YEAR SUBSCRIPTION 6-MONTH SUBSCRIPTION All payments for announcements must be paid exclusively by money order or transfer to the Manager of the “Official Gazette” of the Gabonese Republic in Libreville, Postal Account No. 100-31, Libreville center. ADVERTISEMENTS 150 F. per line of 50 letters, signs or spaces. Title lines or a body other than the main body of the text counts double. Publications related to real estate, forestry and mining: 160 F. per line of 55 letters, signs or spaces; title lines or a body other than the main body of the text counts double. Any address change request must come with a payment of 40 francs. Equatorial Africa………………. West Africa – Togo…………… France – North Africa………… Other Community countries…. Cameroon……………………… Europe………………………… America and Middle East…… Asia (other countries)……….. Congo Kinshasa and Angola.. South African Union ………… Other African countries……… GABON (Libreville)…………... GABON (Surfaces)…………... Ordinary delivery Air mail Ordinary delivery Air mail 4.900 F. 4.900 4.900 4.900 4.900 5.000 4.900 4.900 5.500 F. 7.200 7.200 11.200 5.500 9.500 11.400 15.300 7.300 6.900 10.000 5.500 2.500 F. 2.500 2.500 2.500 2.700 2.500 2.500 2.700 F. 3.800 3.800 5.000 2.700 5.000 5.900 7.900 3.400 3.700 5.300 2.700 FOR SUBSCRIPTIONS AND ADVERTISEMENTS PRESIDENTIAL PALACE LIBREVILLE OFFICIAL GAZETTE OFFICE P.O. Box 546 Payable in advance by money order or payment to the Manager of the Official Gazette in Libreville, Postal Account No. 100-31 Libreville Center CONTENTS ----------- OFFICIAL PART ---------- ACTS OF THE GABONESE REPUBLIC ---------- PRESIDENCY Aug. 9, 1967 Order No. 40/67 transferring credits to the State budget, 1967 financial year (Operations) 611 Aug. 10, 1967 Order No. 41/67 granting State approval for reimbursement of the sum of 100,295,546 CFA francs representing the portion due by the Postal and Telecommunications Office of the Gabonese Republic on the Loan granted by the Caisse Centrale to the Equatorial Postal and Telecommunications Office 612 Aug. 10, 1967 Order No. 42/67 transferring credits to the 1967 Development Budget 612 Aug. 10, 1967 Order No. 43/67 amending Article 1, paragraph 38 of Law No. 10/64 of June 15, 1964, amending Law No. 8/60 of May 6, 1960, creating Rural Collectives and determining their rules of operation and amending Law No. 40/62 of December 20, 1962 614 Aug. 12, 1967 Order No. 44/67 granting amnesty 614 Aug. 21, 1967 Decree No. 411/PR organizing a Gabonese Television Broadcasting Department 614 Aug. 12, 1967 Order No. 00951/PR relating to an exceptional promotion within the Ordre de l’Etoile Equatoriale 615 Aug. 12, 1967 Order No. 00952/PR relating to a standard award of a Gabonese Order of Merit 617 MINISTRY OF WATER AND FORESTRY Aug. 14, 1967 Decree No. 00408/MEF-SF instituting a commission responsible for defining production quotas of okoumé and other varieties of plywood and for setting authorized production quantities of timber 619 Aug. 8, 1967 Order No. 591/SF eliminating the provisional reserve of the Upper Nyanga 621 Aug. 12, 1967 Order No. 592/SF eliminating the Mitzic provisional reserve 621 Aug. 14, 1967 Order No. 00962/SF-G-RP downgrading the provisional reserves of the Grand Davo and Ovigui 622 Aug. 23, 1967 Order No. 00998/SF-D eliminating the forest reserves of Bondigha, Matalila, Moukolo, Dikoundou, Boukolo, and Jombo. Creating the provisional reserve of Bouda. 622
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TRANSLATION September 15, 1967 “OFFICIAL GAZETTE” OF THE GABONESE REPUBLIC WATER STREET TRANSLATIONS MINISTRY OF NATIONAL EDUCATION AND CIVIL SERVICE Jul. 25, 1967 Order No. 00886/MENSC-DEPT-FC creating a development council for the Port-Gentil Ecole Pratique de Commerciale 623 MINISTRY OF FINANCES AND BUDGET Aug. 7, 1967 Order No. 0147/MF-BT-DDG exceptionally awarding the Customs Metal of Honor 624 STATE MINISTRY FOR PUBLIC WORKS, TRANSPORTATION AND POSTAL SERVICE AND TELECOMMUNICATIONS ERRATA for Official Gazette No. 2 of January 15, 1966 624 Summarized decrees …….....………………………… 624 Summarized orders …………………………………… 625 Nationality ………………………………………………. 631 Mining Property, Forestry, Estates, and Land Conservation. Mining Department ……….…………………………… 631 Forestry Department ……….…………………………. 631 Estate Department ….…….…………………………… 635 Land Conservation ……….…………………………… 636 NON-OFFICIAL PART NOTICES AND COMMUNICATIONS FROM PUBLIC AGENCIES General Decision No. 1/67 of the National Credit Council 638 Situation of the Central Bank as of May 31, 1967 639
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September 15, 1967 TRANSLATION “OFFICIAL GAZETTE” OF THE GABONESE REPUBLIC 631 No. 62.129 of April 2, 1951 (cat. B) issued by the Prefect of “Deux-Sèvres” (France) to Mr. Jacques Forget, born on January 9, 1929, in Coulon (France), Sales Agent for the C.C.D.G. in Libreville, residing there (Minutes of the LibrevilleBrigade No. 43 of February 1, 1967) starting on thenotification date of order No. 362/PR-MTPTPT of May 11,1967.INSTEAD OF: Six months’ suspension of driver’s license No. 45.664 issued on January 19, 1965, in Yaoundé by the Minister of Public Works and Transportation to Mr. Daniel Bityé. READ AS FOLLOWS: Three months’ suspension of driver’s license number 45.664 issued on January 19, 1965, in Yaoundé by the Minister of Public Works and Transportation to Mr. Daniel Bityé, born around 1932 in Ngalan Ebolowa (Cameroon), taxi driver, car number 151, residing in the Mont-Bouët quarter in Libreville (Minutes of the Libreville Brigade No. 44 of February 1, 1967, and No. 25 of February 2, 1967) starting on the notification date of order number 562/PR-MTPTPT of May 11, 1967. INSTEAD OF: Six months’ suspension of driver’s license number 71.005 issued in Quimper on September 14, 1965, to Mr. Lucian Emmanuel Kerhoas, born on November 4, 1933, in Damascus (Syria), plumber-electrician with S.G.E.E.M., residing in the Glass quarter in Libreville. READ AS FOLLOWS: Dismissed. No change to the rest. NATIONALITY By Decree No. 00417/PR of August 26, 1967, Agnès Germaine Robin, daughter of Edouard Alexandre Robin and Marie-Louise Levrault, born in Belabre (France) on January 25, 1920, residing in Libreville, was recognized as having Gabonese nationality as her nationality of origin. MINING PROPERTY, FORESTRY, ESTATES and CONSERVATION of Landed PropertyThe plans and specifications of mining, forestry, urban and rural concessions in the application process which must be published in the Official Gazette are available to the public in the offices of the relevant departments of the Government of the Gabonese Republic or the relevant Regions. MINING DEPARTMENT FOSSIL FUELS POSTING OF MINUTES UNOPPOSED We, the undersigned, Mayor of the Municipality of Bitam, certify that no written or verbal opposition was raised to the posting done from July 28 to August 12, 1967, regarding a request for a permit to install a fossil fuel depot on parcel number 163 bis, section D of Bitam, made by the company Texaco Africa Ltd. of Brazzaville. Drawn up in triplicate for all legal intents and purposes, in Bitam, on August 12, 1967. MINING RESEARCH By decree number 391/PR-MENCM-DMG of August 2, 1967, the companies Gulf Oil Company of Gabon (subsidiary of the Gulf Group) and Shell Gabon (subsidiary of the Royal Dutch Shell Group) are jointly and severally granted a mining research permit valid for liquid or gas fossil fuels, referred to as the “Libreville Maritime Concession.” This permit is numbered G4-39. The boundaries of the permit are defined as follows, the coordinates being given in the UTM projection system based on the Clarke ellipsoid, zone 32, in which the central meridian, origin 500 of the X coordinates, is the meridian 9º east, the parallel, origin O of the Y coordinates being the equator; the reference points are the beacons on the coast fixed in position by the Navy Hydrographic Service. a)Southern boundary: portion of the geographicequator between the low-water mark of the Gabonese coast and the geographic meridian of X the coordinate = 474,913. b)Western boundary: portion of the geographicmeridian from X coordinate = 474,913, between the equator and the common maritime border between Gabon and Equatorial Guinea. c)Northern boundary: common maritime borderbetween Gabon and Equatorial Guinea, between the geographic meridian of the X coordinate = 474,913, and the baseline forming the boundary of Gabonese territorial waters in Muni Bay. d)Eastern boundary: baselines forming boundaries ofterritorial waters, or low-water mark of the Gabonese coast between the common maritime border between Gabon and Equatorial Guinea and the equator. The area of the permit thus defined is deemed to be 5000 km2; subsequent decrees may, however, modify this number to bring it into alignment with any current or future conventions or regulatory texts that may define borders or set baselines. The initial term of the research permit will be two years from the signature date of this decree. Based on the joint request of the permit holders and under the conditions set by Article 12 of the Mining Code, the permit may be renewed twice at most for a term of five years the first time and a term of three years the second time. The first renewal will concern, at most, 80% of the initial area of the permit; and the second renewal will concern, at most 50% of the initial area of the permit. The minimum required expenditures on exploration and research work during the first period of validity of the permit are 300 million francs CFA. WATER STREET TRANSLATIONS Annex 181
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632 TRANSLATION “OFFICIAL GAZETTE” OF THE GABONESE REPUBLIC September 15, 1967 The minimum expenditures for each of the renewal periods will be, respectively, 750 million francs CFA for the first period and 450 million francs CFA for the second period. However, if the permit holders do not use their renewal right over the entire area allowed under the second paragraph of Article 4, the minimum expenditures required will be reduced in proportion to the area actually selected. The following will not be taken into consideration when counting sums spent by the permit holders: a)General costs of the headquarters;b)Costs of establishing the company and increasingcapital; c)Sums spent on the permit prior to applying for aresearch permit. Expenditures will be compared to minimum expenditures by multiplying the amount of the expenditures by coefficient i defined below: So Po i = 0.3 ------ + 0.7 ---- S1 P1 S represents the minimum guaranteed interprofessional salary in Libreville; P represents the wholesale price index of the industrial group in Libreville; S and P are published in the monthly bulletin of the Statistical Department of the Gabonese Republic; S1 and P1 are the values of these elements on the date the expenditures were made; So and Po are the values of these elements on the first day of the month following the signature date of this decree. Under Article 14 of the Mining Code, the permit-holding Companies are authorized, each with respect to the matters that relate to it, to transfer all of their respective rights and obligations under the present permit at any time to subsidiaries of their respective groups, subject to a simple declaration sent to the Minister of Mines. By decree No. 392/PR-MENCM-DMG of August 2, 1967, Gulf Oil Company of Gabon, subsidiary of the Gulf Group, currently domiciled at PO Box 498 in Libreville, is granted a mining research permit valid for liquid or gas fossil fuels referred to as the “Iguéla-Mayumba Maritime Permit.” This permit will bear the number G-40. This permit comprises two blocks, the boundaries of which are defined as follows in the UTM projection system based on the Clarke ellipsoid, zone 32, in which the central Meridian, origin 500 of the X coordinates, is the meridian 9º east, the parallel, origin O of the Y coordinates being the equator; the reference points are the beacons on the coast fixed in position by the Navy Hydrographic Service. A. – IGUELA BLOCKPolygon B C D E F G T S V B made up of portions of straight or curved lines and defined as follows: − Point B: intersection of the meridian X = 570,300 withthe low-water mark (the coordinates of point B are deemed to be the following: X = 570.300 Y = 9733.500) − BC: parallel segment;− Point C:X = 560.150Y = 9733.500 − CD: meridian segment;− Point D:X = 560.150Y = 9741.950 − DE: parallel segment;− Point E:X = 551.900Y = 9741.950 − EF: meridian segment;− Point F:X = 551.900Y = 9728.600 − FG: parallel segment;− Point G:X = 543.800Y = 9728.600 − GT: a portion of the line encompasses circles with aradius equal to 25 kilometers centered on the low-water mark; − Point T: intersection of the Y parallel = 9790.00 withthe line encompassing circles with a radius equal to 25 kilometers centered on the low-water mark; − Ts: straight line segment;− Point S:X = 505.000Y = 9827.000 − SV: straight line segment;− Point V: intersection of meridian 516.00 with the low-water mark; − VB: portion of the low-water mark.B.- MAYUMBA BLOCKPolygon made up of straight or curved lines joining points A, B ... etc. ... P and A in a series, defined as follows: − Point A:X = 604.400Y = 9615.500 − AB: straight line portion;− Point B:X = 618.950Y = 9630.425 − BC: straight line portion;− Point C:X = 631.050Y = 9618.630 − CD: straight line portion;− Point D:X = 623.700Y = 9611.000 − DE: straight line portion− Point E:X = 635.900Y = 9599.200 − EF: straight line portion;− Point F:X = 633.100Y = 9596.300 − FG: straight line portion;− Point G:X = 646.600Y = 9583.000 − GH: straight line portion;− Point H: intersection of the straight line joining point G tothe old Mayumba lighthouse with the curved lineencompasses circles of 25 km in radius centered on the low- water mark;WATER STREET TRANSLATIONS Annex 181
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September 15, 1967 “OFFICIAL GAZETTE” OF THE GABONESE REPUBLIC 633 -HI: curved line portion, encompasses circles of 25 kmin radius centered on the low-water mark. -Point I: intersection of the curved line above with thestraight line joining coordinate points: X = 705.000 Y = 9590.000 Y = 690.000 Y = 9575.000 -IJ: straight-line portion;-Point J: intersection of the straight line joiningcoordinate points: X = 705.000 Y = 9590.000 Y = 690.000 Y = 9575.000 with the straight line joining coordinate points: X = 737.000 Y = 9560.000 X = 670.000 Y = 9620.000 -JK: straight line portion;-Point K: intersection of the straight line joiningcoordinate points: X = 737.000 Y = 9560.000 X = 670.000 Y = 9620.000 with the straight line joining point G to the old Mayumba lighthouse; -KL: straight line portion;-Point L: intersection of the straight line joining point Gto the old Mayumba lighthouse, with the low-water mark; -LM: portion of the low-water mark;-Point M: intersection of the low-water mark with theborder between the territories of Congo-Brazzaville and Gabon; -MN: straight line portion;-Point N: point located at sea at an azimuth of 212°, 25km from the intersection of the low-water mark and the border between the territories of Congo-Brazzaville and Gabon; Line MN should line up with the maritime border between Congo Brazzaville and Gabon; -NO: straight line portion;-Point O: intersection of the straight line joining point Nto point I with the straight line joining coordinate points: X = 667.400 Y = 9540.000 X = 707.400 Y = 9580.000 -OP: straight line portion;-Point P: intersection of the straight line joiningcoordinate points: X = 667.400 Y = 9540.000 X = 707.400 Y = 9580.000with a straight line joining point A defined above with a point located at sea at an azimuth of 212°, 67.5 km from the intersection of the low-water mark and the border between the territories of Congo Brazzaville and Gabon; -PA: straight line portion.The area of the permit thus defined is deemed to be6100 km2 (including 2600 for the Iguéla block and 3500 for the Mayumba block). The initial term of this research permit is two years from the signature date of this decree. At the request of the permit holder and under the conditions set by Article 12 of the Mining Code, the permit may be renewed up to two times, for a term of five years the first time, then for a term of three years the second time. The first renewal will concern, at most, 80% of the initial surface of the permit and the second renewal will concern, at most, 50% of the initial surface of the permit. The minimum required expenditures on exploration and mining research work are 450 million francs CFA for the first period of validity, 950 million francs CFA for the second period and 890 million francs CFA for the third period. If the permit holders do not use their renewal right over the entire area authorized by the second paragraph of Article 4, the minimum expenditures required will be reduced in proportion to the area actually selected. The following will not be taken into consideration when counting sums spent by the permit holders: a)General costs of the headquarters;b)Costs of establishing the company and increasingcapital; c)Sums spent on the permit prior to the application fora research permit. Expenditures will be compared to the minimum expenditures by multiplying the amount of the expenditures by coefficient i defined below: So Po i = 0.3 ------- + 0.7 ----- S1 P1 S represents the minimum guaranteed interprofessional salary in Libreville; P represents the wholesale price index of the industrial group in Libreville; S and P are published in the monthly bulletin of the Statistical Department of the Gabonese Republic; S1 and P1 are the values of these elements on the date the expenses were incurred; So and Po are the values of these elements on the first day of the month following the signature date of this decree. Under Article 14 of the Mining Code, the permit-holding Company is authorized to transfer all rights and obligations under the present permits at any time to subsidiaries of its group, subject to a simple declaration sent to the Minister of Mines. By decree number 394/PR-MENCM-DMG of August 2, 1967, the companies Pétroles d'Afrique Equatoriale (S.P.A.F.E.) and Shell Gabon, both domiciled in Port-Gentil, are jointly and severally granted a mining research permit valid for liquid or gas fossil fuels, referred to as the “Mayumba Grands Fonds Maritime Permit.” This permit is numbered G4-41. WATER STREET TRANSLATIONS Annex 181
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WATER STREET TRANSLATIONS, LLC 10 East 39th Street, 12th Floor New York, NY 10016 (212)776-1713www.waterstreettranslations.com [email protected] CERTIFICATION OF ACCURACY OF TRANSLATION This hereby confirms that the foregoing translation was prepared by Christine Clay, a linguist with substantial experience in the translation of documents from French into English as certified by the American Translators Association. Kent G. Heine, Managing Partner of Water Street Translations, LLC, hereby attests to the following: “To the best of my knowledge and belief, the foregoing translation is a true, accurate, and unbiased translation into English of the French text attached herewith." Kent G. Heine Water Street Translations, LLC 09/09/21 Date Annex 181
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Republic of Equatorial Guinea, Constitution of 1968 (11 August 1968) (excerpt)
TRANSLATION WATER STREET TRANSLATIONS CONSTITUTION OF 1968 Preamble The people of Equatorial Guinea, in use of the right of self-determination, being conscious of their responsibility in history, having decided to create a State of Law in which individual and collective liberties are truly guaranteed and effective, having resolved to join the community of independent States and the Organization of the United Nations, and to maintain close solidarity with the African peoples according to the principles of the Charter of the Organisation of African Unity, adopt the following: CONSTITUTION PART ONE On the State and the Citizens Art. 1.- The Republic of Equatorial Guinea, comprised of the provinces of Río Muni and Fernando Póo, is a sovereign and indivisible social and democratic State. The province of Río Muni includes, in addition to the territory by this name, the islands of Corisco, Elobey Grande, and Elobey Chico and adjacent islets. The province of Fernando Póo includes the island by this name, the island of Annobon, and adjacent islets. The Republic of Equatorial Guinea guarantees the independence, integrity, and security of its territory and safeguards the autonomy of its provinces, according to the provisions of this Constitution. Art. 2.- National sovereignty belongs to the Guinean people, who exercise it in the manner and within the limits of the Constitution. The election of their representatives will take place through universal suffrage. National sovereignty may also be exercised directly by referendum. Art. 3.- The Republic of Equatorial Guinea promotes the political, economic, and social development of its people and guarantees equality before the Law and Annex 182
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TRANSLATION WATER STREET TRANSLATIONS 410 JUAN MAESTRE ALFONSO the legal security of all its nationals, without distinction as to origin, race, sex, or religion. The State recognizes and guarantees the rights and liberties of the human being, stated in the Universal Declaration of the Rights of Man, and proclaims respect for the liberties of conscience and religion, association, assembly, speech, residence and domicile, the right to property, education, and decent working conditions. The State likewise promotes the development of Unions and Cooperatives, and ensures workers’ ability to defend their rights. Art. 4.- Any act of discrimination based on race, ethnicity, religion, or which threatens the domestic or international security of the State, its territorial integrity, the constitutional guarantees of the provinces, or the individual or collective rights recognized in this Constitution, will be punished under the Law. Art. 5.- All nationals of Equatorial Guinea who are of legal age are voters and are eligible under the conditions determined by Law. Art. 6.- The system regarding nationality will be determined in an Institutional Law. Art. 7.- The official language of the State is Spanish. The use of traditional languages will be respected. Art. 8.- The capital of the State is the city of Santa Isabel. PART TWO On the Office of the Head of State Art. 9.- The President of Equatorial Guinea is elected by direct and secret universal suffrage, in a single National College. The candidate to the Presidency who receives the absolute majority of votes cast will be elected. If no candidate receives this, a new election will be held between the two candidates who received the highest number of votes. Ties will likewise be decided by a new election. The President will take possession of their High Mandate within ten days of the proclamation of election results. The term of the president of the Republic will be five years. Art. 10.- Cases of mental or physical incapacity, as well as legal impediment to act as President of the Republic, must be reported by the Assembly upon resolution adopted by a majority of three-fourths of its members, reported by the Council of the Republic and declared by the Supreme Court en banc. Both the report and the declaration must each be issued within fifteen days. The declaration of legal impediment may only be based upon an intentional violation Annex 182
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The Gabonese Republic, Decree No. 670/PR-MMERH-DMG (24 September 1969)
TRANSLATION WATER STREET TRANSLATIONS ELEVENTH YEAR – No. 22 PRICE 300 FRANCS OCTOBER 1, 1969 UNION – LABOR – JUSTICE JOURNAL OFFICIEL DE LA RÉPUBLIQUE GABONAISE [OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE GABONESE REPUBLIC] appearing on the 1st and 15th of each month in Libreville
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TRANSLATION WATER STREET TRANSLATIONS By Decree no. 00670/PR-MMERH-DMG dated September 24, 1969, the mining research permit registered under the no. G-4-39 is extended with a reduction in area and for a new period of five years counting from August 2, 1969, known as Permis marin de Libreville [Libreville marine permit], granted jointly and severally to the companies Gulf Oil Company of Gabon and Shell Gabon by Decree no. 391/PR-MENCM-DMG dated August 2, 1967. The reduced permit, with an area said to be equal 4,000 km2, of which the limits are shown on the map at 1/250,000 attached to the application and which shall remain appended to the present decree, is defined as follows: The coordinates of the points are given in the UTM projection system, based on the 1880 Clarke ellipsoid, time zone 32, the parallel origin being the equator, or Y = 10,000,000 and the central meridian being the meridian 9o 00’ 00” east, or X = 500,000. Northern boundary X = 497,500 – Y = 076,400 Western boundary Broken line connecting points A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, I, J, K, L: Annex 183
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TRANSLATION WATER STREET TRANSLATIONS A: X = 497,500 – Y = 076,400 B: X = 497,500 – Y = 064,000 C: X = 487,500 – Y = 064,000 D: X = 487,500 – Y = 053,000 E: X = 489,450 – Y = 053,000 F: X = 489,450 – Y = 031,400 G: X = 486,500 – Y = 031,400 H: X = 486,500 – Y = 027,150 I: X = 474,913 – Y = 027,150 J: X = 474,913 – Y = 018,000 K: X = 487,500 – Y = 018,000 L: X = 487,500 – Y = 10,000,000 Southern boundary Part of the geographic equator comprised between the point of coordinate X = 487,500 and the low tide line of the Gabonese coast. Eastern boundary Low tide lines forming the boundary of the territorial waters or low tide mark of the Gabonese coasts between the equator and the joint maritime boundary of Gabon and Equatorial Guinea. The Minister of Mines, Energy and Water Resources shall be responsible for the application of this Decree. Annex 183
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WATER STREET TRANSLATIONS, LLC (212)776-171310 East 39th Street, 12th FloorNew York, NY 10016www.waterstreettranslations.cominfo@waterstreettranslations.comCERTIFICATION OF ACCURACY OF TRANSLATIONThisherebyconfirms that the foregoing translation was preparedbyEve Hecht,alinguist with substantialexperience in the translation of documents fromFrenchinto English as certified bythe AmericanTranslatorsAssociation.Kent G. Heine, Managing Partner of Water Street Translations, LLC, hereby attests to the following:“To the best of my knowledge and belief, the foregoing translation is a true, accurate, and unbiased translation into English of the French text attachedherewith." Kent G. HeineWater Street Translations, LLC06/23/21_Date
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The Gabonese Republic, Decree 689/70 (14 May 1970)
TRANSLATION MINISTRY OF MINES, ENERGY GABONESE REPUBLIC AND HYDRAULIC RESOURCES Union – Labor – Justice DIRECTORATE OF MINES No. 006[illegible] /PR/MMERH/DNG DECREE amending Decree No. 670/PR/ MMERH/DNG of September 24, 1969 renewing Mining Research Permit No. G4. 39 (the “Libreville Concession”) THE PRESIDENT OF THE REPUBLIC HEAD OF THE GOVERNMENT Based on the report by the Minister of Mines, Energy, and Hydraulic Resources; In view of Constitutional Law No. 1/61 of February 21, 1961, and the subsequent amending texts; In view of Decree No. 493/PR of April 1, 1970, establishing the composition of the government; In view of Law No. 15/62 of June 1962 instituting the Gabonese Republic’s mining code; In view of Resolution No. 92/58 regulating mining activities; In view of Law No. 14/65 of December 4, 1965, reforming mining taxation system; In view of Decree No. 391/PR/HENCH/DMG of August 2, 1967, granting Gulf Oil Company of Gabon and Shell-Gabon a joint mining research permit for liquid and gaseous hydrocarbons, called “Libreville Marine Concession” which bears the number G4 - 39; WATER STREET TRANSLATIONS Annex 184
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TRANSLATION In view of Decree No. 670 PR/HENCH/DMG of September 24, 1969, renewal of the G4 – 39 Mining Research Permit; DECREE Article 1. – The boundaries of Permit G4 – 39 granted jointly and severally to Gulf Oil Company of Gabon and Shell-Gabon shall be defined as follows: The coordinates of the points are given in the UTM projection system, based on the Clarke 1880 ellipsoid, time zone 32, the parallel origin being the equator, or Y = 10,000,000, and the central meridian being the meridian 9o 00’ 00” east, or X = 500,000. Northern boundary Point A: Point with the following coordinates: X = 474,913 and Y = 112,700 AB: Part of parallel Y = 112,700 Point B: Intersection of parallel Y = 112,700 with the baseline forming the boundary of Gabonese territorial waters in Mouni Bay. Eastern boundary Low water line of the Gabonese coasts between the equator and the common border between Gabon and Equatorial Guinea Southern boundary The part of the geographic equator between point D (coordinate X = 487,500, Y = 10,000,000) and the low water line of the Gabonese coast. Western boundary Broken line connecting points D, E, F, G, H, I, J, K, L, M, N, O, P, A defined by the following coordinates = WATER STREET TRANSLATIONS Annex 184
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TRANSLATION - 3 – D X = 487,500 Y = 10,000,000 E X = 487,500 Y = 18,000 F X = 474,913 Y = 18,000 G X = 474,913 Y = 27,150 H X = 486,500 Y = 27,150 I X = 486,500 Y = 31,400 J X = 489,450 Y = 31,400 K X = 489,450 Y = 53,000 L X = 487,500 Y = 53,000 M X = 487,500 Y = 64,000 N X = 497,500 Y = 64,000 O X = 497,500 Y = 76,400 P X = 474,913 Y = 76,400 A X = 474,913 Y = 112,700 Article 2.- The permit shall have an area equal to 6,500 km2. Its boundaries are shown on the map at 1/250,000, attached to this decree. Article 3. – The zones of influence of the islands of KORISKO and ELOBEY, which belong to Equatorial Guinea, shall be determined in accordance with the principles and rules of international law in this regard. Article 4. – The Minister of Mines, Energy, and Hydraulic Resources shall be responsible for the application of this decree, which shall be published in the Official Journal of the Gabonese Republic. Done in Libreville, MAY 14, 1970 By the President of the THE PRESIDENT OF THE REPUBLIC Republic, Head of the HEAD OF THE GOVERNMENT Government [signature] The Minister of Mines, Energy and Hydraulic Resources Albert-Bernard Bongo [signature] François N’GUEMA N’DONG WATER STREET TRANSLATIONS Annex 184
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Republic of Equatorial Guinea, Memo No. 26R from the Ministry of Industries and Mines to the President (12 June 1970)
TRANSLATION WATER STREET TRANSLATIONS Republic of Equatorial Guinea Ministry of Industry and Mines [Illegible] No.: 26-R Ref.: Gral. Secretariat Section: ssd. PRIVATE Sir, Republic of Equatorial Guinea Office of the President Executive Office Record of Receipt No.: 654 Date: 7-9-70 I have the high honor of informing Your Excellency, in possession of the highest and most respected Authority, of the following: 1. At about 10:30 in the morning on the tenth of the present month I granted a special audience to a delegation of Directors from Continental, Gulf, and Cepsa companies, license holders with undivided interests in hydrocarbon research permits in Rio Muni. - Attachment – Map with explanatory sketch of the area affected by the Gabonese Government Decree and the permit of the companies present 2. The purpose for their trip to this Republic is to set out to the Government that this Group plans adopt a temporary interruption and suspension of drilling work of a well in the Corisco Bay, where their permits are located, as a result of the problematical situation arising from the jurisdictional waters issues with the neighboring Republic of Gabon. 3. These circumstances have been created by Government of the Republic of Gabon’s Decree No.00689/MMER/DMG of last May 14, whose photocopy was provided to this Ministry for its timely and confidential information by which the aforementioned Gabonese Government intends to unilaterally accept the sovereignty of Equatorial Guinea only with respect to the islands of Corisco and the Elobeys, but not the areas of influence of the aforesaid Islands, which are of historical and longstanding Guinean use. 4. In view of this unforeseen and unilateral initiative, it is essential that the governments of Equatorial Guinea and Gabon come to a bilateral agreement that establishes common maritime boundaries. They made a point of underscoring the fact that the three companies – Continental, Gulf, and Cepsa – wish to keep out of this matter which, because it involves matters of sovereignty, is exclusively the purview of the affected governments. 5. They state that the greater part of the investment made by Continental Oil Company of Equatorial Guinea has been made south of the first parallel, 1 degree 24 minutes N, and based on the results obtained from the seismic research, Continental believes that this area is the one that holds the greatest oil possibilities. Based on these criteria, there is a well-defined program designed to perform drilling in the aforementioned area, which is scheduled to begin during the first part of this month of July, and involves a minimum investment of two million US dollars for the fifth year the permit has been in force. 6. It is the firm belief of the oil companies that are the subject of this report that continuing the planned work program, under the current conditions, would entail an undue risk to the safety of the operation’s personnel, the work team, and to the financial investment, EG 0466_T Annex 185
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TRANSLATION WATER STREET TRANSLATIONS in addition to its repercussions on the good neighbor relations between the countries. A prudent measure would be to temporarily halt the execution of the drilling program until the maritime boundary is determined by mutual agreement between the governments of the countries concerned. In light of what has just been outlined, the reporting Minister has the honor of rejecting the temporary interruption of the drilling program, pursuant to the request submitted by the interested Group. However, Your Excellency, whose judgement is of the highest order, shall decide whatever you deem appropriate. May God protect Your Excellency for many years. Santa Isabel, June 12, 1970. THE MINISTRY OF INDUSTRY AND MINES [Illegible seal and signature] PRESIDENT OF THIS REPUBLIC EG 0467_T Annex 185
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Republic of Equatorial Guinea, Presidential Decree No. 17/1970 (24 September 1970)
TRANSLATION OFFICIAL GAZETTE OF THE REPUBLIC OF EQUATORIAL GUINEA -2 –OFFICE OF THE PRESIDENT OF THE REPUBLIC DECREE No. 17/1970, of September 24, from the Office of the President of the Republic of Equatorial Guinea, delimiting territorial waters of the zone of influence in Corisco Bay and adjacent islands, south of the Rio Muni province. Pending the definitive delimitation of the maritime border between Equatorial Guinea and Gabon in accordance with principles of international law, I decree: Article 1 – The limits of the territorial waters of the islands and adjacent islets located in Corisco Bay, southern part of the Rio Muni province, are as follows.a)For the Elobey Islands and the Bane [Mbañe],Conga and Cocotier islets, which are the closest to Gabon’s coast, the limit of the waters is set at a hypothetical equidistant point between Gabon’s coast and that of the said islands and islets. b)The zone between the Elobey Islands; the Bane[Mbañe], Conga, and Cocotier islets; and the island of Corisco is unlimited since these all belong to the same national territory. c)The territorial waters of the island of Coriscoextend to12 nautical miles from its coast to the high seas. Article 2. – The limits thus fixed form a trapezoid, whose sketch is attached to this Decree. Article 3. – The Minister of Industry and Mines and other affected Ministries are each responsible for the application of this Decree, which shall be registered, published and communicated wherever necessary. Article 4. – This Decree shall enter into force on the day it is published in the Official State Gazette. I hereby decree, in Santa Isabel on this twenty-fourth day of September, one thousand nine hundred seventy. FRANCISCO MACIAS NGUEMBA THE MINISTER OF INDUSTRY AND MINES Ricardo Pelayo Martinez Erimola Yema.*** DECREE – ORGANIC LAW OF THE NATIONAL BANK OF DEPOSITS AND DEVELOPMENT CHAPTER ONE DENOMINATION, OBJECT, HEADQUARTERS AND DURATION. ARTICLE 1. The “National Bank of Deposits and Development of Equatorial Guinea” is an autonomous institution governed by Public Law, with its own legal personality and full capacity, lasting indefinitely. The Bank, as it shall be called in this text, shall be governed by the provisions of this Decree – Law [illegible] and by the Regulations that [illegible] in accordance with the same. Its dissolution and liquidation may only be [illegible] by provision of the Office of the President of the Republic through a special Law. ARTICLE TWO. The object of the Bank is to exercise the banking business in the national territory, with “banking business” understood as the operation of gaining domestic or foreign financial resources by accepting deposits of money--which shall be made available on demand, at term, or with prior notice—or by sale and placement of bonds, [illegible] or other assets, or by means of acceptance of loans; and the use of such resources for loans, investments or any other form authorized by the Law or banking uses. The Bank may perform all necessary or expedient activities in the exercise of its faculties and fulfillment of its missions according to this Decree-Law. ARTICLE THREE. A.) The Bank shall have its main office in Santa Isabel and a required branch in Bata. The Bank’s Board of Directors may agree to establish offices, branches and agencies within the national territory. B.) The Bank may make correspondent banking agreements with foreign banking institutions by decision of the Board of Directors, whose decision must be approved by the Office of the President of the Republic. ARTICLE FOUR. The Bank may participate in international Banks via subscription of aliquot shares of stock. This decision shall be adopted by the Board of Directors and approved by the Office of the President of the Republic. CHAPTER TWO ARTICLE FIVE. A) The Bank’s stock shall total seventy million (70,000,000) Equatorial Guinean pesetas which shall be subscribed entirely by the State. For the Bank to be considered incorporated, it is necessary to pay out half the subscribed capital. The rest shall be paid out once or several times as agreed by the Central Bank’s Board of Directors, and authorized by the Office of the President of the Republic with the Ministry of the Treasury. B)The total capital of the Bank shall at all times berequired to belong to the State. C)The Bank’s capital may be increased orreduced by following the same authorization procedure established in part A) of this article. ARTICLE SIX. The resources to finance Bank operations, in addition to capital, may come: 1)From its reserves:2)From grants, subsidies and advances from theState or international bodies: 3)From mobilization of [illegible] resources, eitherin the form of loans issued and obligations placed on the public, or in the form of deposits: 4)From access to credit from the Central Bank, inthe form of rediscounts, secured loans, personal loans or any other possible method to access credit from the Central Bank, as determined by this: 5)From foreign loans.ARTICLE SEVEN. The Bank shall be required tokeep the following books: the Log of [illegible] [illegible line] SPA 2144_T WATER STREET TRANSLATIONS Annex 186
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WATER STREET TRANSLATIONS, LLC 10 East 39th Street, 12th Floor New York, NY 10016 (212)776-1713www.waterstreettranslations.com [email protected] CERTIFICATION OF ACCURACY OF TRANSLATION This hereby confirms that the foregoing translation was prepared by Danielle Maxson, a linguist with substantial experience in the translation of documents from Spanish into English as certified by the American Translators Association. Kent G. Heine, Managing Partner of Water Street Translations, LLC, hereby attests to the following: “To the best of my knowledge and belief, the foregoing translation is a true, accurate, and unbiased translation into English of the Spanish text attached herewith." Kent G. Heine Water Street Translations, LLC 09/08/21 Date Annex 186
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The Gabonese Republic, Order No. 55-70-PR-MTAC (5 October 1970)
TRANSLATION WATER STREET TRANSLATIONS GABONESE REPUBLIC UNION – WORK – JUSTICE ---------- PRESIDENCY OF THE REPUBLIC ---------- --------- ORDER No. 55/70/ [illegible] of October 5, 1970, establishing the [illegible] territorial waters of the Gabonese Republic ---------- THE PRESIDENT OF THE REPUBLIC HEAD OF THE GOVERNMENT Having regard to Constitutional Law No. 1/61 of February 21, 1961, and subsequent amending texts; Having regard to Decree No. 00493/PR of April 1, 1970, relating to Government reform; Having regard to Law 10/63 of January 12, 1963, relating to the Merchant Marine Code; The Supreme Court having been consulted; The Council of Ministers having been heard: ORDERS ARTICLE 1. – Article 5 – 5th paragraph of Law No. 10/63 of January 12, 1963, relating to the Gabonese Merchant Marine Code is amended as follows: Instead of: “The territorial waters of Gabon are fixed at a distance of 12 nautical miles starting from the low-tide mark.” READ: “The boundary of the territorial waters of Gabon is fixed at 25 nautical miles starting from the low-tide mark.” .. // .. BL-EG 0843_T Visa: SUPREME COURT [initials] Annex 187
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TRANSLATION WATER STREET TRANSLATIONS - 2 – ARTICLE 2. – The present order will be carried out as law of the State and published according to the emergency procedure. Done in Libreville, on 10/5/70 By the President of the [signature] Republic, Head of the Albert-Bernard Bongo Government. The Vice President of the Government, Minister of Coordination, Minister of Justice. Léon Mébiame [signature] Minister of Transportation and Civil Aeronautics in charge of Tourism [signature] B.F. Ondo Minister of Water and Forests [signature] R. Landji Minister of Public Works, Housing and Urban Planning [signature] P. Malékou BL-EG 0844_T Annex 187
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WATER STREET TRANSLATIONS, LLC (212)776-171310 East 39th Street, 12th FloorNew York, NY 10016www.waterstreettranslations.cominfo@waterstreettranslations.comCERTIFICATION OF ACCURACY OF TRANSLATIONThisherebyconfirms that the foregoing translation was preparedbyChristine Clay,alinguist with substantialexperience in the translation of documents fromFrenchinto English as certified bythe AmericanTranslatorsAssociation.Kent G. Heine, Managing Partner of Water Street Translations, LLC, hereby attests to the following:“To the best of my knowledge and belief, the foregoing translation is a true, accurate, and unbiased translation into English of the French text attachedherewith." Kent G. HeineWater Street Translations, LLC06/23/21_Date
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The Gabonese Republic, Ordinance No. 58/72 Extending the Outer Limit of Gabon’s Territorial Waters to 100 Nautical Miles (16 July 1972)
TRANSLATION Embassy of Spain Libreville, September 5, 1972 AFRICA No. 161 Subject: Gabon Territorial Waters; forwarding text of order extending to 100 [nautical] miles [handwriting: Party [?] Date Sept. 13, 1972 To: MINISTER OF FOREIGN AFFAIRS, Dear Sir: Pursuant to my message no. 143 dated July 28, 1972, I am forwarding attached hereto the text of Order No. 58/72 of July 16, 1972, extending the outer limit of Gabon’s territorial waters to 100 [nautical] miles. The difficulty in obtaining this text required me to copy it in full from the only copy that I was able to obtain. May God grant you many years. Acting Negotiation Manager [signature] José-Maria Castroviejo Bolibar SPA 2565_T WATER STREET TRANSLATIONS Annex 188
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TRANSLATION [graphic] Embassy of Spain Republic of Gabon Unity-Work-Justice Office of the President of the Republic Official approval Of the Supreme Court Order No. 58/72 Extending the boundary of Gabon’s territorial waters to 100 nautical miles THE PRESIDENT OF THE REPUBLIC OF GABON Whereas the Constitution: HEAD OF THE GOVERNMENT Whereas Decree No. 221/PR of February 3, 1972, establishing the composition of the government, and subsequent amendments to it; Whereas Law No. 13/72 of June 5, 1972, authorizing the President of the Republic to legislate via Orders during the parliament’s recess; The Supreme Court having been consulted; The Council of Ministers having been heard; Orders: Article 1: The boundary of Gabon’s territorial waters, established as 30 nautical miles, via Order No. 1/72/PR of January 5, 1972, is increased to 100 nautical miles from the low water line. Article 2: This Order will be enforced as the country’s Law and published under the emergency procedure./. Executed in Libreville, 7/16/1972 By the President of the Republic Head of the Government Albert-Bernard Bongo Minister of Transportation and Civil Aviation, Guardian of the Seals Bonjean François Ondo Minister of Justice Jean-Rémy Ayoune Minister of Waters and Forests Rigobert Landji; Minister of State, Head of Public Works Paul Malekou SPA 2566_T WATER STREET TRANSLATIONS Annex 188
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TRANSLATION Republic of Gabon Unity-Work-Justice Office of the President of the Republic Official approval Of the Supreme Court Order No. 58/72 Extending the boundary of Gabon’s territorial waters to 100 nautical miles THE PRESIDENT OF THE REPUBLIC OF GABON HEAD OF THE GOVERNMENT Whereas the Constitution: Whereas Decree No. 221/PR of February 3, 1972, establishing the composition of the government, and subsequent amendments to it; Whereas Law No. 13/72 of June 5, 1972, authorizing the President of the Republic to legislate via Orders during the parliament’s recess; The Supreme Court having been consulted; The Council of Ministers having been heard; Orders: Article 1: The boundary of Gabon’s territorial waters, established as 30 nautical miles, via Order No. 1/72/PR of January 5, 1972, is increased to 100 nautical miles from the low water line. Article 2: This Order will be enforced as the country’s Law and published under the emergency procedure./. Executed in Libreville, 7/16/1972 By the President of the Republic Head of the Government Albert-Bernard Bongo Minister of Transportation and Civil Aviation, Guardian of the Seals Bonjean François Ondo Minister of Justice Jean-Remy Ayoune Minister of Waters and Forests Rigobert Landji; Minister of State, Head of Public Works Paul Malekou SPA 2567_T WATER STREET TRANSLATIONS Annex 188
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WATER STREET TRANSLATIONS, LLC 10 East 39th Street, 12th Floor New York, NY 10016 (212)776-1713www.waterstreettranslations.com [email protected] CERTIFICATION OF ACCURACY OF TRANSLATION This hereby confirms that the foregoing translation was prepared by Corinne McKay, a linguist with substantial experience in the translation of documents from French into English as certified by the American Translators Association (ATA), and Karen Brovey, a linguist certified by the ATA for translations from Spanish into English. Kent G. Heine, Managing Partner of Water Street Translations, LLC, hereby attests to the following: “To the best of my knowledge and belief, the foregoing translation is a true, accurate, and unbiased translation into English of the French and Spanish text attached herewith." Kent G. Heine Water Street Translations, LLC 09/08/21 Date Annex 188
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The Gabonese Republic, Constitution of The Gabonese Republic (29 July 1972)
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TRANSLATION CONSTITUTION OF THE GABONESE REPUBLIC July 29, 1972 WATER STREET TRANSLATIONS
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TRANSLATION - 152 – 10 CONSTITUTION OF THE GABONESE REPUBLIC – July 29, 1972 The government shall be bound to give its opinion no later than the session following the date of filing. In the event of a negative opinion by the government and if the draft is not affected by the provisions of Articles 45 and 46, its author may request directly of the National Assembly that it examine his text in the course of the session. ART. 44. – At its request, the discussion of bills shall focus on the government’s text; that of the draft law shall focus on the committee’s text. In the event of a counter-proposal, the discussion shall first focus on the government’s text. ART. 45. – The deputies shall have the right to amendments. The draft laws or amendments presented by the deputies shall be inadmissible if their adoption would have as a consequence either a reduction in receipts or the creation or exacerbation of a public charge without triggering corresponding receipts. ART. 46. – If in the course of the legislative proceedings it appears that a draft or an amendment is not within the scope of the law or exceeds the limits of the delegation accorded by virtue of Article 42, the president of the Republic or the president of the National Assembly may oppose the inadmissibility. In the event of disagreement, the Supreme Court, seized by the president of the Republic or the President of the National Assembly, shall rule within a limit of eight days. Where appropriate, the deadline for promulgation shall be suspended until the Supreme Court has ruled. ART. 47. – The government shall be informed of the agenda for the work of the Assembly and the committees. The members of the government shall have access to the National Assembly; they shall participate in the debates and may be assisted or represented by government commissioners. The ministers and their commissioners shall have access to the committees of the Assembly; they shall be heard by them, at their request and the request of the committees. ART. 48. – The agenda for the work of the National Assembly shall include, by priority and in the order set by the government, the discussion of bills filed by the latter and the draft laws that it has accepted. ART. 49. – An emergency vote on a law may be requested by the government or the deputies. If it is requested by the government, it shall be allowed. If it is requested by the deputies, the Assembly shall rule on this emergency. ART. 50. – The means of control by the Assembly over the government shall be: - written question; - verbal question without debate; - investigative committee. One session per week shall be reserved by priority for the deputies’ questions and the government’s responses. The law shall determine the conditions for the organization and functioning of the investigative committees. TITLE V TREATIES AND INTERNATIONAL AGREEMENTS ART. 51. – The president of the Republic shall direct international negotiations. He shall sign and ratify the treaties and international agreements. WATER STREET TRANSLATIONS
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TRANSLATION - 153 – July 29, 1972 - CONSTITUTION OF THE GABONESE REPUBLIC 11 ART. 52. – Peace treaties, commercial treaties, treaties relating to international organization, treaties that commit the State’s finances, those that modify provisions of a legislative nature that relate to the status of persons or that entail cession, exchange, or addition of territory may be ratified only by virtue of a law. They shall take effect only after having been properly ratified. No cession, no exchange, no addition of territory shall be valid without the consent of the Gabonese people called upon to decide by referendum, after consultation with the populations concerned. ART. 53. – If the Supreme Court, seized by the president of the Republic or by the president of the National Assembly, has declared that an international commitment includes a clause contrary to the Constitution, the authorization to ratify it may be given only after revision of the Constitution. ART. 54. – From their publication, treaties or agreements that have been properly ratified shall have authority superior to that of laws, subject, for each agreement or treaty, to its application by the other party. TITLE IV CONCERNING JUDICIAL POWER ART. 55. – Justice shall be rendered on the territory of the State in the name of the Gabonese people. ART. 56. – Judicial power shall be independent. In the exercise of their offices the judges shall be subject only to the authority of the law. The sitting judges shall be irremovable under the conditions set forth by the law. ART. 57. – The president of the Republic shall be the guarantor of the judiciary’s independence. He shall be assisted in this by the Superior Council of the Magistracy, over which he shall preside. The organization and powers of the Superior Council of the Magistracy shall be fixed by the law. ART. 58. – No one may be detained arbitrarily. Each accused shall be presumed innocent until his guilt is established after a proceeding that provides him with the guarantees indispensable to his defense. Judicial power, the guardian of individual liberty, shall ensure the respect of these principles under the conditions provided by the law. TITLE VII CONCERNING THE SUPREME COURT ART. 59. – A Supreme Court shall be established, which shall include four chambers: - the Constitutional Chamber: - the Judicial Chamber; - the Administrative Chamber; - the Chamber of Accounts. WATER STREET TRANSLATIONS
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WATER STREET TRANSLATIONS, LLC 10 East 39th Street, 12th Floor New York, NY 10016 (212)776-1713www.waterstreettranslations.com [email protected] CERTIFICATION OF ACCURACY OF TRANSLATION This hereby confirms that the foregoing translation was prepared by Eve Hecht, a linguist with substantial experience in the translation of documents from French into English as certified by the American Translators Association. Kent G. Heine, Managing Partner of Water Street Translations, LLC, hereby attests to the following: “To the best of my knowledge and belief, the foregoing translation is a true, accurate, and unbiased translation into English of the French text attached herewith." Kent G. Heine Water Street Translations, LLC 08/25/21 Date
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The Gabonese Republic, Act No. 9/84 Establishing an Exclusive Economic Zone of 200 Nautical Miles (9 July 1984)
Page1National legislation - DOALOS/OLA - United Nations asdfAct No. 9/84establishing an exclusive economic zone of 200 nautical milesArticle 1A maritime zone, called the exclusive economic zone, shall be established, situated beyond Gaboneseterritorial waters and adjacent thereto.Article 2The exclusive economic zone shall extend for a distance of 200 nautical miles, calculated from the straightbaselines and normal baselines that serve to measure the breadth of the territorial sea.Article 3Within its exclusive economic zone, the Gabonese State shall have sovereign rights for the purpose ofexploring and exploiting, conserving and managing the natural resources, whether living or non-living, of thesea-bed, its subsoil and superjacent waters.The sovereignty of the Gabonese State shall be asserted through its right to undertake the economicexploitation and exploration of this zone, for example for the production of energy from the water, currents andwinds.Article 4In this zone, the Gabonese State shall have the exclusive right to construct, use and exploit and to authorizeand regulate the construction, operation and use of artificial islands, installations and structures for the purposesprovided for in article 3 above and other economic purposes.Article 6All ships must respect these safety zones and shall comply with generally accepted international standardsregarding navigation in the vicinity of artificial islands, installations, structures and safety zones.Article 7The Gabonese State shall have exclusive jurisdiction over such artificial islands, installations and structures,including jurisdiction with regard to customs, fiscal, health, safety and immigration laws and regulations.Article 8The Gabonese State shall have exclusive competence within its exclusive economic zone with respect tomarine scientific research and the preservation of the marine environment.Article 9In the exclusive economic zone, priority fishing rights shall be reserved for vessels flying the Gabonese flag oroperated by Gabonese nationals or by legal entities under Gabonese law.
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Page2National legislation - DOALOS/OLA - United Nations asdfArticle 10The Gabonese State shall determine the allowable catch of the living resources in its exclusive economic zoneand shall ensure through proper conservation and management measures that its resources are not overexploited.Article 11Where the outer limits of the exclusive economic zone as determined in accordance with the provisions ofarticle 2 above encroach on the exclusive economic zone of a bordering or neighbouring State, joint limits shall beestablished by agreement with the State in question or in accordance with the generally recognized principles ofinternational law on delimitation.Article 12Beyond the outer limit of the territorial sea, the establishment of the exclusive economic zone shall not affectthe freedoms of navigation, of overflight and of the laying of submarine cables and pipelines, or the use of the sea forother internationally authorized purposes related to the exercise of such freedoms.Article 13In exercising the freedoms referred to in article 12 above, foreign States and their nationals shall take intoaccount the sovereign rights of the Gabonese State and respect its laws and regulations in accordance withinternational law.Article 14Any foreign vessel exercising the freedoms referred to in article 12 above shall be prohibited from engaging inthe exclusive economic zone in any fishing activity, including the stowage of fishing equipment and gear, researchand any pollution or endangerment of the marine environment harmful to the resources of the zone or to theeconomic interests of the Gabonese State.Article 15Over an area described as the contiguous zone, situated beyond the territorial sea and adjacent to it andextending up to a distance of 24 nautical miles calculated from the straight baselines and the normal baselines whichserve to measure the breadth of the territorial sea, the Gabonese State shall exercise the control necessary to:- Prevent infringement of its customs, fiscal, sanitation or immigration laws and regulations;- Punish infringement of the above laws and regulations committed within its territory or territorial sea.Article 16The provisions of this Act shall not be an obstacle to the principles of international co-operation to which theGabonese State subscribes and which have been embodied in agreements with other States, without prejudice to itssovereign rights and to respect for its legitimate interests.Article 17This Act, which supersedes all previous conflicting provisions, shall be registered, issued in accordance withemergency procedures and implemented as a law of the State.
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Republic of Equatorial Guinea, Act No. 15/1984 on the Territorial Sea and Exclusive Economic Zone of the Republic of Equatorial Guinea (12 November 1984)
Page1National legislation - DOALOS/OLA - United Nations asdfAct No. 15/1984 of 12 November 1984on the Territorial Sea and Exclusive Economic Zoneof the Republic of Equatorial Guinea(1)Statement of reasonsConsidering article 7, paragraphs 2 and 4, of the Basic Law of Equatorial Guinea, which provides that theState shall exercise full sovereignty over its territory and that the extent of the territorial sea shall be defined bylaw;Considering also the important changes in international law that have occurred in recent years as a result ofthe adoption of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea of 14 December 1982, which the Republic ofEquatorial Guinea has acceded to and ratified;For these reasons, it has clearly become necessary to issue clear and detailed rules concerning the territorialsea and exclusive economic zone over which the state of Equatorial Guinea exercises full sovereignty and where itmay explore and exploit exclusively all natural resources, whether living or non-living, while scrupulouslyrespecting the principles of the above-mentioned Convention and other norms of international law.By virtue of the foregoing, and in accordance wit the law adopted by the House of People's Representatives, Ihereby decree the following:PART IThe territorial seaArticle 1The sovereignty of the Republic of Equatorial Guinea extends to the entire national territory consisting, inaccordance with the boundaries inherited from the colonial era, of the mainland area of Río Muni and the islandsof Bioko, Annobón, Corisco, Elobey Grande, Elobey Chico and adjacent islets, internal waters and the adjacent beltof sea described as the territorial sea.This sovereignty is exercised, in accordance with international law, over the water column, the sea-bed andsubsoil, the resources of this sea and the superjacent airspace.Article 2The breadth of the territorial sea shall be 12 nautical miles measured from the baselines.Article 3The baseline for measuring the breadth of the territorial sea is the low-water line along the coast.Where there are river mouths, bays, ports, islands and other indentations, however, the baselines for
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Page2National legislation - DOALOS/OLA - United Nations asdfmeasuring the territorial sea shall be the straight baselines set, in accordance with international law, by theTechnical Commission established by this Act.Article 4Except where otherwise provided, waters on the landward side of the baseline of the territorial sea form partof the internal waters of the Republic of Equatorial Guines.Article 5With regard to coastal States the coastline of which is adjacent to or opposite the coastline of the Republic ofEquatorial Guinea, the territorial sea shall not extend beyond a median line every point of which is equidistantfrom the nearest points on the baselines from which the breadth of the territorial sea of each of the two States,drawn in accordance with international law, is measured.Article 6Ships of all States, whether coastal or land-locked, enjoy the right of innocent passage through the territorialsea of the Republic of Equatorial Guinea.Article 7Passage is innocent so long as it is not prejudicial to the peace, good order or security of Equatorial Guinea.Passage of a foreign ship shall be considered to be prejudicial to the peace, good order or security ofEquatorial Guinea if in the territorial sea it engages in any of the following activities:(a)Any threat or use of force against the sovereignty, territorial integrity or political independence of EquatorialGuinea, or in any other manner in violation of the principles of international law embodied in the Charter of theUnited Nations;(b)Any exercise or practice with weapons of any kind;(c)Any act of propaganda or any act aimed at collecting information to the prejudice of the defence or securityof Equatorial Guinea;(d)The launching, landing or taking on board of any aircraft or military device;(e) The loading or unloading of any commodity, currency or person contrary to the customs, fiscal, immigrationor sanitary laws and regulations of Equatorial Guinea;(f)Any act of serious international pollution contrary to international law;(g)The carrying out of any fishing activities, research activities or hydrographic surveys without thecorresponding authorization or licence;(h)Any act aimed at interfering with any systems of communication or any other facilities or installations ofEquatorial Guinea;(i)Any other activity not having a direct bearing on passage.
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Page3National legislation - DOALOS/OLA - United Nations asdfArticle 8In the territorial sea, submarines and any other foreign underwater vehicles are required to navigate on thesurface and to show their flag.Article 9Notwithstanding the provisions of article 6 of this Act, foreign ships, by the mere fact of exercising the rightof innocent passage through the territorial sea, shall have to comply with any laws and regulations relating toinnocent passage enacted by Equatorial Guinea in respect of all or any of the following:(a)The safety of navigation and the regulation of maritime traffic;(b)The protection of navigational aids and other facilities or installations;(c)The protection of cables and pipelines;(d)The conservation of the living resources of the sea;(e)The prevention of infringement of fisheries laws and regulations;(f)The preservation of the environment and the prevention, reduction and control of pollution thereof;(g)Marine scientific research and hydrographic surveys;(h)The prevention of infringement of customs, fiscal, immigration and sanitary laws and regulations.PART IIThe exclusive economic zoneArticle 10The exclusive economic zone is an area beyond and adjacent to the territorial sea.The exclusive economic zone of the Republic of Equatorial Guinea extends from the outer limit of theterritorial sea of the Republic of Equatorial Guinea up to a distance of 200 nautical miles from the baselines fromwhich the breadth of the territorial sea is measured.Article 111.Except where otherwise provided in international treaties concluded with States whose coastlines areopposite or adjacent to those of Equatorial Guinea, the outer limit of the exclusive economic zone of EquatorialGuinea shall not extend beyond the equidistant median line.2.Equidistant line means that line every point of which is at an equal distance from the nearest points onthe line of passage drawn from each State in accordance with international law.
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Page4National legislation - DOALOS/OLA - United Nations asdfArticle 12In the exclusive economic zone, the Republic of Equatorial Guinea has sovereign rights for the purpose ofexploiting, exploring, conserving and managing the natural resources, whether living or non-living, of the sea-bedand subsoil and the superjacent waters, and with regard to other activities for the economic exploitation of thezone.Article 13In the exclusive economic zone, the Republic of Equatorial Guinea has exclusive jurisdiction with regard to:(a)Marine scientific research;(b)The establishment and use of artificial islands, installations and structures;(c)The protection and preservation of the environment;(d)Any other matters which the Government of the Republic of Equatorial Guinea may establish, in accordancewith international law.Article 14In the exclusive economic zone, fishing shall be reserved for nationals of Equatorial Guinea.Foreign fishermen shall be able to fish in the exclusive economic zone only when a provision to this effectexists in international treaties concluded by the Republic of Equatorial Guinea with the corresponding States orwhen the competent authority of Equatorial Guinea grants a special licence outside the framework of aninternational agreement.Additional provisions1.There is hereby established a Technical Commission consisting of representatives of the Ministries ofForeign Affairs and Co-operation; Water, Woods and Reforestation; National Defence; Justice and Worship;Mines and Hydrocarbons; and Public Works, Housing and Urban Development, which shall be responsible forpreparing, for submission to the Council of Ministers, charts of an adequate scale showing the baselines used tomeasure the breadth of the territorial sea, and the limits derived therefrom, in accordance with the provisions ofthis Act.2.Such charts shall be accompanied by lists of geographical co-ordinates of points, each of which shallspecify the geodetic datum. These charts shall form part of this Act.3.The above-mentioned Ministries shall designate their respective representatives to the TechnicalCommission within one month from the date of publication of this Act in the official information media.4.Any matter not covered by this Act shall be covered by the provisions of the United Nations Conventionon the Law of the Sea of 30 April 1982.
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Page5National legislation - DOALOS/OLA - United Nations asdfFinal provisions1.All legislation conflicting with this Act, in particular Decree-Law No. 17/1970 of 24 September 1970and Decree-Law No. 28/1976 of 17 October 1976, is hereby revoked.2.This Act shall enter into force on the date of its publication in the official information media.Done at Malabo on the twelfth day of November, ninenteen hundred and eighty-four.For a Better Guinea,Signed: Obiang Mguema Mbasogo, President of the Republic
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Page6National legislation - DOALOS/OLA - United Nations asdfEndnotes1 (Note - Note)Original: Spanish
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The Gabonese Republic, Decree 002066/PR/MHCUCDM (4 December 1992)
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No. OFFICIAL JOURNAL journal-officiel.ga/8689-2066-pr-mhcucdm
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1/2Le président de la République,chef de l'Etat ;Vu la Constitution ;Vu les décrets N°s 1481/PR et 1482/PR du 18 août 1992, fixant la composition dugouvernement ;Vu la loi N° 10/63 du 12 janvier 1963, portant code de la Marine marchande, notamment enson article 5 ;Vu la loi N° 9/84 du 12 juillet 1984, instituant une zone économique exclusive de 200 millesmarins ;Vu le décret N° 1771/PR/MDCUDM du 4 novembre1985, portant attributions et organisationdu ministère des Domaines, du Cadastre et de l'Urbanisme, chargé du Droit de la mer ;La chambre administrative de la Cour suprême consultée ;Le conseil des ministres entendu ;D E C R E T E :Article premier : La largeur de la mer territoriale, fixée à 12 milles marins, soit 22,224kilomètres, est mesurée à partir des lignes de base droites et des lignes de base normales.Article 2 : Dans la zone maritime comprise entre Cocobeach et le Cap Lopez, la merterritoriale est mesurée à partir des lignes de base droites reliant les points ci-après :Point A : Cocobeach (point astro), latitude : 1° 00' 02'' N, longitude : 9° 34' 58" E.Point B : Mbanié, latitude : 0° 48' 39" N, longitude : 9° 22' 50" E.Point C : Cap Estérias (Pointe Megombié), latitude : 0° 35' 19" N, longitude : 9° 19' 01" E.Point D : Pointe Ngombé (phare), latitude : 0° 18' 35" N, longitude : 9° 18' 19" E.
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2/2Point E: Cap Lopez, latitude : 0° 37' 54" S. longitude : 8° 42' 13" E.Article 3 : Dans la zone maritime comprise entre le Cap Lopez et la frontière Gabon-Congo,la mer territoriale est mesurée à partir de la laisse de basse mer, le long de la côte, tellequ'elle est indiquée sur les cartes marines à grande échelle reconnues officiellement par leGabon.Article 4 : L'ellipsoïde et l'origine utilisés dans la définition des coordonnées géographiquessont :Ellipsoïde de Clarke 1880 - anglais - fuseaux 32 et 33 origine :Latitude: 0° 42 ' 53 " 3SLongitude : 9° 09 ' 49 " 4 E Article 5 : La frontière maritime de l'Etat gabonais, établie à partir des lignes de base ainsidéfinies, est soumise à l'ensemble des compétences résultant de ses droits de souveraineténationale, tel que stipulé dans les dispositions pertinentes de la loi N° 9/84 du 9 juillet 1984,instituant une zone économique exclusive de 200 milles marins.Article 6 : Le présent décret, qui abroge toutes dispositions antérieures contraires, seraenregistré, publié selon la procédure d'urgence et communiqué partout où besoin sera.Fait à Libreville, le 4 décembre 1992Par le présidentde la République,chef de l'EtatEl Hadj Omar BONGOLe Premier Ministre, chef du GouvernementCasimir OYE MBALe Ministre de l'Habitat, du Cadastre et de l'UrbanismeAdrien NKOGHE ESSINGONE
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Republic of Equatorial Guinea, Decree No. 1/1999 Designating the Median Line as the Maritime Boundary of the Republic of Equatorial Guinea (6 March 1999)
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Republic of Equatorial Guinea, Ministry of Planning and Economic Development, General Census of Population and Housing: General Status of Population (2002) (excerpt)
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WATER STREET TRANSLATIONS REPUBLIC OF EQUATORIAL GUINEA Ministry of Planning and Economic Development General Department of Statistics and National Accounts III GENERAL CENSUS OF POPULATION AND HOUSING DEMOGRAPHIC ANALYSIS SUBJECT I GENERAL STATUS OF POPULATION Malabo, July 2002 TRANSLATION WATER STREET TRANSLATIONS
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TRANSLATION WATER STREET TRANSLATIONS 2 TABLE OF CONTENTS Content Page I. Introduction ...........................................................................................3 II. Methodological Aspects .......................................................................4 III. Spatial Distribution of Population ........................................................4 IV. Population Structure by Sex and Age ..................................................6 V. Population Density ...............................................................................7 VI. Population Growth ................................................................................8
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5 TRANSLATION WATER STREET TRANSLATIONS Table No. 1: Total population by sex based on region, province, district, and area of residence (2001) Administrative Unit Country Total Urban Rural Total Men Women Total Men Women Total Men Women INSULAR REGION 265,470 134,228 131,242 155,353 79,655 75,698 110,117 54,573 55,544 ANNOBON 5,008 2,093 2,915 5,008 2,093 2,915 0 0 0 San Antonio de Palea 5,008 2,093 2,915 5,008 2,093 2,915 0 0 0 Bioko NORTE 231,428 116,872 114,556 140,248 72,620 67,628 91,180 44,252 46,928 Malabo 211,276 106,923 104,353 132,440 68,739 63,701 78,836 38,184 40,652 Baney 11,893 5,852 6,041 2,363 1,170 1,193 9,530 4,682 4,848 Rebola 8,259 4,097 4,162 5,445 2,711 2,734 2,814 1,386 1,428 Bioko SUR 29,034 15,263 13,771 10,097 4,942 5,155 18,937 10,321 8,616 Luba 23,870 12,453 11,417 9,011 4,421 4,590 14,859 8,032 6,827 Riaba 5,164 2,810 2,354 1,086 521 565 4,078 2,289 1,789 CONTINENTAL REGION 749,529 367,159 382,370 238,649 117,018 121,631 510,880 250,141 260,739 LITORAL 298,414 148,870 149,544 146,352 73,409 72,943 152,062 75,461 76,601 Bata 230,282 115,077 115,205 132,235 66,343 65,892 98,047 48,734 49,313 Machinda 9,387 4,583 4,804 2,440 1,152 1,288 6,947 3,431 3,516 Campo River 4,595 2,216 2,379 931 481 450 3,664 1,735 1,929 Cogo 23,121 11,615 11,506 3,952 1,981 1,971 19,169 9,634 9,535 Corisco 2,443 1,179 1,264 2,140 1,046 1,094 303 133 170 Mbini 20,295 9,843 10,452 3,421 1,779 1,642 16,874 8,064 8,810 Bitica 8,291 4,357 3,934 1,233 627 606 7,058 3,730 3,328 CENTRO SUR 125,856 61,473 64,383 20,505 10,025 10,480 105,351 51,448 53,903 Evinayong 36,521 17,542 18,979 7,997 3,934 4,063 28,524 13,608 14,916 Bicurga 15,346 7,565 7,781 2,251 1,159 1,092 13,095 6,406 6,689 Niefang 37,273 18,251 19,022 4,292 2,079 2,213 32,981 16,172 16,809 Nkimi 16,461 8,107 8,354 3,217 1,501 1,716 13,244 6,606 6,638 Acurenam 20,255 10,008 10,247 2,748 1,352 1,396 17,507 8,656 8,851 KIE NTEM 167,279 79,623 87,656 37,872 17,722 20,150 129,407 61,901 67,506 Ebibeyin 60,747 28,781 31,966 19,515 9,693 9,822 41,232 19,088 22,144 Bidjabidjan 28,144 13,563 14,581 5,167 2,360 2,807 22,977 11,203 11,774 Micomeseng 20,226 9,452 10,774 5,327 2,386 2,941 14,899 7,066 7,833 Ncue 14,955 6,928 8,027 1,740 670 1,070 13,215 6,258 6,957 Nsang 10,228 4,763 5,465 2,194 935 1,259 8,034 3,828 4,206 Nsok Nsomo 32,979 16,136 16,843 3,929 1,678 2,251 29,050 14,458 14,592 WELE NZAS 157,980 77,193 80,787 33,920 15,862 18,058 124,060 61,331 62,729 Mongomo 53,510 26,154 27,356 5,791 2,926 2,865 47,719 23,228 24,491 Mengomeyen 15,644 7,731 7,913 5,294 2,617 2,677 10,350 5,114 5,236 Añisok 40,395 19,625 20,770 7,586 3,185 4,401 32,809 16,440 16,369 Ayene 12,289 5,639 6,650 3,099 1,302 1,797 9,190 4,337 4,853 Nsork 16,037 7,941 8,096 3,355 1,509 1,846 12,682 6,432 6,250 Aconibe 20,105 10,103 10,002 8,795 4,323 4,472 11,310 5,780 5,530 TOTAL 1,014,999 501,387 513,612 394,002 196,673 197,329 620,997 304,714 316,283
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WATER STREET TRANSLATIONS, LLC 817 Broadway, 4thFloorNew York,NY10003(212)776-1713www.waterstreettranslations.cominfo@waterstreettranslations.comCERTIFICATION OF ACCURACY OF TRANSLATIONThis hereby confirms that the foregoing translation was prepared by Natalia Misuraca,alinguistwith substantial experience in the translation of documents from Spanish into English as certified by the Certified Translators Association of Buenos Aires, Argentina (CTPBA).Kent G. Heine, ManagingPartner of Water Street Translations, LLC, hereby attests to the following:“To the best of my knowledge and belief, the foregoing translation is a true, accurate, and unbiased translation into English of the Spanish text attached herewith."Kent G. HeineWater Street Translations, LLC08/11/21_Date
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REPÚBLICA DE GUINEA ECUATORIAL Ministerio de Planificación y Desarrollo Económico Dirección General de Estadística y Cuentas Nacionales III CENSO GENERAL DE POBLACION Y VIVIENDAS ANALISIS DEMOGRAFICO Malabo, Julio 2.002 TEMA I ESTADO GENERAL DE LA POBLACION
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2 I N D I C E Contenido Pág. I. Introducción ..................................................................................... 3 II. Aspectos Metodológicos .................................................................. 4 III. Distribución Espacial de la Población .............................................. 4 IV. Estructura de la Población por Sexo y Edad ................................... 6 V. Densidad de la Población ................................................................ 7 VI. Crecimiento de la Población ............................................................ 8
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5 Cuadro nº 1: Población total por sexo según región, provincia, distrito y área de residencia (2001) Unidad Administrativa Total país Urbana Rural Total Hombres Mujeres Total Hombres Mujeres Total Hombres Mujeres REGION INSULAR 265.470 134.228 131.242 155.353 79.655 75.698 110.117 54.573 55.544 ANNOBON 5.008 2.093 2.915 5.008 2.093 2.915 0 0 0 San Antonio de Palea 5.008 2.093 2.915 5.008 2.093 2.915 0 0 0 Bioko NORTE 231.428 116.872 114.556 140.248 72.620 67.628 91.180 44.252 46.928 Malabo 211.276 106.923 104.353 132.440 68.739 63.701 78.836 38.184 40.652 Baney 11.893 5.852 6.041 2.363 1.170 1.193 9.530 4.682 4.848 Rebola 8.259 4.097 4.162 5.445 2.711 2.734 2.814 1.386 1.428 Bioko SUR 29.034 15.263 13.771 10.097 4.942 5.155 18.937 10.321 8.616 Luba 23.870 12.453 11.417 9.011 4.421 4.590 14.859 8.032 6.827 Riaba 5.164 2.810 2.354 1.086 521 565 4.078 2.289 1.789 REGION CONTINENTAL 749.529 367.159 382.370 238.649 117.018 121.631 510.880 250.141 260.739 LITORAL 298.414 148.870 149.544 146.352 73.409 72.943 152.062 75.461 76.601 Bata 230.282 115.077 115.205 132.235 66.343 65.892 98.047 48.734 49.313 Machinda 9.387 4.583 4.804 2.440 1.152 1.288 6.947 3.431 3.516 Río Campo 4.595 2.216 2.379 931 481 450 3.664 1.735 1.929 Cogo 23.121 11.615 11.506 3.952 1.981 1.971 19.169 9.634 9.535 Corisco 2.443 1.179 1.264 2.140 1.046 1.094 303 133 170 Mbini 20.295 9.843 10.452 3.421 1.779 1.642 16.874 8.064 8.810 Bitica 8.291 4.357 3.934 1.233 627 606 7.058 3.730 3.328 CENTRO SUR 125.856 61.473 64.383 20.505 10.025 10.480 105.351 51.448 53.903 Evinayong 36.521 17.542 18.979 7.997 3.934 4.063 28.524 13.608 14.916 Bicurga 15.346 7.565 7.781 2.251 1.159 1.092 13.095 6.406 6.689 Niefang 37.273 18.251 19.022 4.292 2.079 2.213 32.981 16.172 16.809 Nkimi 16.461 8.107 8.354 3.217 1.501 1.716 13.244 6.606 6.638 Acurenam 20.255 10.008 10.247 2.748 1.352 1.396 17.507 8.656 8.851 KIE NTEM 167.279 79.623 87.656 37.872 17.722 20.150 129.407 61.901 67.506 Ebibeyin 60.747 28.781 31.966 19.515 9.693 9.822 41.232 19.088 22.144 Bidjabidjan 28.144 13.563 14.581 5.167 2.360 2.807 22.977 11.203 11.774 Micomeseng 20.226 9.452 10.774 5.327 2.386 2.941 14.899 7.066 7.833 Ncue 14.955 6.928 8.027 1.740 670 1.070 13.215 6.258 6.957 Nsang 10.228 4.763 5.465 2.194 935 1.259 8.034 3.828 4.206 Nsok Nsomo 32.979 16.136 16.843 3.929 1.678 2.251 29.050 14.458 14.592 WELE NZAS 157.980 77.193 80.787 33.920 15.862 18.058 124.060 61.331 62.729 Mongomo 53.510 26.154 27.356 5.791 2.926 2.865 47.719 23.228 24.491 Mengomeyen 15.644 7.731 7.913 5.294 2.617 2.677 10.350 5.114 5.236 Añisok 40.395 19.625 20.770 7.586 3.185 4.401 32.809 16.440 16.369 Ayene 12.289 5.639 6.650 3.099 1.302 1.797 9.190 4.337 4.853 Nsork 16.037 7.941 8.096 3.355 1.509 1.846 12.682 6.432 6.250 Aconibe 20.105 10.103 10.002 8.795 4.323 4.472 11.310 5.780 5.530 TOTAL 1.014.999 501.387 513.612 394.002 196.673 197.329 620.997 304.714 316.283
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Equatorial Guinea National Statistics Institute, Equatorial Guinea in Figures (2019) (excerpt)
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[Equatorial Guinea National Statistics Institute] Equatorial Guinea in Figures 2019 TRANSLATION WATER STREET TRANSLATIONS
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Equatorial Guineain Figures 2019 TRANSLATION WATER STREET TRANSLATIONS
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INTRODUCTION The National Statistics Institute (INGE) presents the third edition of Equatorial Guinea in Figures (2019). The aim of this publication is to continue satisfying the growing demand for statistics about the different sectors of the country, thus providing all users with reliable and up-to-date information about the country's demographic, socioeconomic, financial, and environmental sectors. The INEGE thanks each and every institution that has supplied information for the cooperation provided. Likewise, it also thanks the individuals who have participated and cooperated in the process of gathering and publishing all these data. We trust that this publication will be useful enough and that the reader will find it contains interesting information. The information is offered here in a summarized fashion. Further information can be obtained free of charge at the INEGE website (www.inege.gq). TRANSLATION WATER STREET TRANSLATIONS
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vii TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTION ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS ............................................................................................. viii 1. TERRITORY, CLIMATE, AND ENVIRONMENT ...................................................................... 9 1.1. Geography and Administrative Division of Equatorial Guinea ................................... 9 1.2. Climate and Environment ........................................................................................................ 11 2. SOCIODEMOGRAPHIC DATA ................................................................................................. 12 2.1. Population ..................................................................................................................................... 12 2.2. Education....................................................................................................................................... 17 2.2.1. Elementary Education ............................................................................................................ 17 2.2.2. Secondary Education ............................................................................................................. 21 2.2.3. Occupational Education ....................................................................................................... 26 2.2.4. University Education .............................................................................................................. 28 2.3. Health ............................................................................................................................................. 31 3. REAL SECTOR ............................................................................................................................... 36 3.1. Consumption ............................................................................................................................... 36 3.2. Production .................................................................................................................................... 39 3.3. National Accounts ...................................................................................................................... 43 4. PUBLIC FINANCE ........................................................................................................................ 46 5. EXTERNAL AND MONETARY SECTOR ................................................................................ 49 5.1. Balance of Payments ................................................................................................................. 49 5.2. Monetary Statistics .................................................................................................................... 51 TRANSLATION WATER STREET TRANSLATIONS
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viii ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS AEC Community Nursing Assistants1 ASECNA ATS BEAC CPI DUE CFA F IMF INEGE Agency for Aerial Navigation Safety in Africa and Madagascar Technical Health Assistant Bank of Central African States Consumer Price Index Graduate of Three-Year Degree in Nursing African Financial Community Franc International Monetary Fund Equatorial Guinea National Statistics Institute MABMA Ministry of Agriculture, Forests and Environment MEEUD Ministry of Education, University Education and Sports MEPIP Ministry of Economy, Planning and Public Investment MHEP Ministry of the Treasury, Economy and Planning MICL Ministry of the Interior and Local Corporations MMH Ministry of Mines and Hydrocarbons PRODEGE Equatorial Guinea Educational Development Program SNIS National Health Information System TOFE State Financial Operations Table UNGE National University of Equatorial Guinea TRANSLATOR'S FOOTNOTE 1 See Table 16 for full explanation of health workers credentials and abbreviations.TRANSLATION WATER STREET TRANSLATIONS
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9 1. TERRITORY, CLIMATE, AND ENVIRONMENT 1.1. Geography and Administrative Division of Equatorial Guinea Map 1: Geographic Situation of Equatorial Guinea Equatorial Guinea has a land area of 28,051.5 km2 and a maritime area of 314.000 km2 which constitutes the Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ). It is located in the Equatorial zone of the west coast of Africa, in the Gulf of Guinea. It consists of two regions: the Insular region, and the Continental region. The country is divided into 8 Provinces, 19 Districts, 37 Municipalities and 65 Urban Districts. Its capital city is Malabo, with Bata, Djibloho, Ebibeyin, Evinayong and Mongomo being other major cities. Map 2: Administrative Division of the Insular Region The Insular Region has an area of 2,034 km2; consisting of the Island of Bioko, where Malabo (political capital of the country) is located, and the island of Annobón, located in the southern hemisphere, 682 kilometers from Malabo. TRANSLATION WATER STREET TRANSLATIONS
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10 The Insular Region is divided into three provinces and five districts, namely: province of Bioko Norte, with 776 km2, which includes the districts of Malabo and Baney; province of Bioko Sur, with 1,41 km2, which has the districts of districts of Luba and Riaba; and the province of Annobón, with 17 km2, and a district with the same name. Map 3 Administrative Division of the Continental Region The Continental Region, with an area of 26,017.5 km2, consists of five provinces: Litoral (Coast Line), Centro Sur (South Central), Kie Ntem, Wele Nzas and Djibloho. The province of Litoral, with 6,665.7 km2, consists of the districts of Bata, Mbini, and Cogo; the latter in turn includes the islets of Corisco, Elobey Grande, Elobey Chico and the islets Mbañe and others. The province of Centro-Sur, with 9,930.9 km2, consists of the districts of Acurenam, Evinayong, and Niefang. The province of Kie Ntem, with 3,942.9 km2, includes the districts of Ebibeyin, Micomiseng, and Nsok Nsomo. The province of Wele Nzas, with 5,025.6 km2, consists of the districts of Añisok, Aconibe, Mongomo and Nsork. The province of Djibloho, with an area of 452.5 km2, is a new creation1 and consists only of one district with the same name. 1 Law No. 4/2017, dated June 20, 2017. TRANSLATION WATER STREET TRANSLATIONS
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11 Table 1: Territorial Area and Administrative Division of Equatorial Guinea Geographic Area Area (Km2) % Continental Region 26,017.5 92.7 Centro Sur 9,930.8 35.4 Djibloho 452.5 1.6 Kie Ntem 3,942.9 14.1 Litoral 6,665.7 23.8 Wele Nzas 5,025.6 17.9 Región Insular 2,034.0 7.3 Annobón 17.0 0.1 Bioko Norte 776.0 2.8 Bioko Sur 1,241.0 4.4 Equatorial Guinea 28,051.5 100 Source: MICL 1.2. Climate and Environment The Continental Region represents 92.7% of the total dimension of Equatorial Guinea, with the province of Centro Sur the largest (35.4%), followed by the province of Litoral (23.8%). The smallest provinces are Annobón (0.1%), together with Bioko Norte (2.8%). The country is characterized by a tropical climate, with temperatures of around 30ºC throughout the year. The seasons are marked by the intensity of the rains with the presence of storms of medium intensity during the changes of season. Graph 1: Average Annual Temperature of Malabo inºC 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 Max. Annual Average Min. Annual Average Source: ASECNA Malabo In the Island of Bioko, the dry season takes place from November to April, and the rainy season from May to October. The average annual temperature in the city of Malabo during the year 2018 was 26.9ºC, slightly higher than the temperature recorded the previous year, which was 26.6ºC. TRANSLATION WATER STREET TRANSLATIONS
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12 The rainfall during the 2017-2018 period ranged from 182.6 to 127.7 millimeters, with the highest amount recorded in 2017. The atmospheric humidity of the city of Malabo shows an annual average of 96%, while the monthly value ranges from 93% to 98%. Graph 2: Average Annual Rainfall in Malabo in mm 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 Source: ASECNA Malabo The Island of Annobón has a dry season from June to October, and a wet season from November to May. The climate of the Continental Region has two dry seasons and two rainy seasons: the first dry season is from December to mid-February, and the second from July to September. The two rainy seasons are from March to June and from September to November. . 2. SOCIODEMOGRAPHIC DATA2.. Population The Population Censuses and the Municipal Register are the most important sources from which the population figures are obtained, which are given official status. The Population Census is a statistical operation performed every ten years, which allows us to know, in addition to the basic structure of the population (sex, age, place of residence, etc.), as well as other cultural, economic, and social characteristics of all inhabitants of the country with respect to a specified period. The Municipal Register is the administrative registry in which the residents of a municipality or urban district are listed. The preparation, maintenance, review and custody of these registers is the task that befalls on the respective municipalities. . 212,2 178,2 182,6 131,6 127,7 TRANSLATION WATER STREET TRANSLATIONS
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13 The lack of updated municipal registers at the national level causes the unavailability of the annual structure of the population distribution; therefore, the INEGE only has the data from the censuses to find out the evolution of the population. With respect to the population data from the Fourth General Population and Housing Census of 2015, the final results were presented in October 2017, which showed that the population figures were 1,225,377 inhabitants. Table 2: Population by Region in 2015 Source: Fourth General Population and Housing Census - MEPIP The Continental Region was the most populated in 2015, with a population of around 72% of the national total. Table 3: Population (%) by Region, Province and Zone in 2015 Geographic Area Urban Rural Continental Region 70 30 Centro Sur 52.3 47.7 Kie Ntem 38.3 61.7 Litoral 90.2 9.8 Wele Nzas 40.1 59.9 Insular Region 87.5 12.5 Annobón 100 - Bioko Norte 88.8 11.2 Bioko Sur 56.9 43.1 Equatorial Guinea 76.1 23.9 Source: Fourth General Population and Housing Census-MEPIP Note: The hyphen (-) implies null or zero data, not resulting from rounding off, in all the tables of the document in which it appears As shown in Table 3, the population of Equatorial Guinea resided mostly in urban areas in the year 2015 (76.1%). The most populated province was Litoral, which had 30% of the national population, followed by Bioko Norte, with 24.5%. The least populated provinces include Annobón with 0.4% of the population, and Bioko Sur, with 2.8%. Most of the population resided in urban areas in the two regions with proportions of 87.5% and 70% in the Insular Region and in the Continental Region, respectively. The provinces with high proportions of urban population were Annobón (100%) and Litoral (90.2%). With the creation of the new Urban Districts in 2017, the distribution of the population by zone may have changed. Region Total % Continental Region 885,015 72.2 Insular Region 340,362 27.8 Equatorial Guinea 1,225,377 100.0 TRANSLATION WATER STREET TRANSLATIONS
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14 Table 4: Distribution of the National and Foreign Population by Province and Gender in 2015 (%) Geographic Area National Foreign Men Women Men Women Annobón 48.5 51.5 71.7 28.3 Bioko Norte 49.8 50.2 70.1 29.9 Bioko Sur 50.8 49.2 78.3 21.7 Centro Sur 48.1 51.9 77.9 22.1 Kie Ntem 48.1 51.9 66.1 33.9 Litoral 49.5 50.5 70.5 29.5 Wele Nzas 47.9 52.1 76.7 23.3 Equatorial Guinea 49.2 50.8 71.3 28.7 Source: Fourth General Population and Housing Census-MEPIP Immigration has contributed in part to the increase in the population. According to data from the Fourth General Population and Housing Census for the year 2015, non-national residents represented 12.4% of the total population residing in the country. The province of Wele Nzas was the one with the largest proportion of foreign population (16.5%); Bioko Norte, in second place, with 12.7%. Bioko Sur and Annobón are the provinces with the lowest proportion of foreign population, 6.1% and 1,7%, respectively. Among the foreign population residing in the country, in 2015 men represented at least 70% in all the provinces except the province of Kie Ntem (6.1%). Graph 3: Distribution of the Population by Province and Nationality (%) in 2015 Annobón Bioko Norte 1.7 12.7 87.3 98.3 Bioko Sur Centro Sur Kie Ntem Litoral Wele Nzas 6.1 10.1 10.5 12.3 16.5 Foreigners Nationals 93.9 89.9 89.5 87.7 83.5 Source: Fourth General Population and Housing Census-MEPIP According to Graph 4, in all the provinces of the country we found more than 8 national residents for every 10 residents in 2015. It should be emphasized that the province of Wele Nzas was the one with TRANSLATION WATER STREET TRANSLATIONS
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15 : IV Fourth GenerTaal maPoño pulation and Housing Census- MEPIP the highest proportion of foreigners in 2015 (16.5%), while the province of Annobón showed a lower proportion (1.7%). Graph 4: Average Household Size by Province in 2015 Graph 5: Distribution of Households (%) por province in 2015 In 2015, a total of 284,000 households were surveyed. The average size of the household in the country this year is 4.3 members per household; on the other hand, the provinces of Annobón and Bioko Sur showed an average household size smaller than the national one. As can be seen in Graph 5, the province with the highest proportion of households in 2015 was Litoral, with 28.4%, followed by Bioko Norte with 24.9%. Annobón and Bioko Sur are the provinces with fewest households, 0.5% and 3.6%, respectively. Source: Fourth General Population and Housing Census-MEPIP The Equatorial Guinea population pyramid built on the basis of the Fourth General Population and Housing Census 2015 is wider in its lower and central part, with the 0-to-4 age group having the largestpopulation, followed by the 25-to-29 agegroup. In summary, most of the country'spopulation is young.Graph 6: Equatorial Guinea Population Pyramid (%) in 2015 Source: Fourth General Population and Housing Census-MEPIP TRANSLATION WATER STREET TRANSLATIONS
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WATER STREET TRANSLATIONS, LLC (212)776-1713www.waterstreettranslations.cominfo@waterstreettranslations.comCERTIFICATION OF ACCURACY OF TRANSLATIONKent G. Heine, Managing Partner of Water Street Translations, LLC, hereby attests to the following:“To the best of my knowledge and belief, the foregoing translation is a true, accurate, and unbiased translation into English of the Spanish text attached herewith."Kent G. HeineWater Street Translations, LLC_Date
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Guinea Ecuatorial en Cifras 2019
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Guinea Ecuatorial en Cifras 2019
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PRESENTACIÓN El Instituto Nacional de Estadística presenta la tercera edición de Guinea Ecuatorial en Cifras (2019). Esta publicación pretende seguir satisfaciendo la creciente demanda de datos estadísticos sobre diferentes sectores del país, acercando a todos los usuarios información fiable y actualizada sobre los sectores demográfico, socioeconómico, financiero y medio ambiental del país. El INEGE agradece la colaboración prestada por todas y cada una de las instituciones que han suministrado la información. De la misma forma, agradece a las personas físicas que han participado y colaborado en el proceso de recopilación y publicación de todos estos datos. Confiamos en que la publicación resulte suficientemente útil y que el lector encuentre en ella información de su interés. La información que aquí se ofrece de manera resumida puede ser ampliada gratuitamente en la página web del INEGE (www.inege.gq).
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vii ÍNDICE GENERAL PRESENTACIÓN ...................................................................................................................................... v SIGLAS Y ABREVIATURAS ................................................................................................................ viii 1. TERRITORIO, CLIMA Y MEDIOAMBIENTE .............................................................................. 9 1.1. Geografía y división administrativa de Guinea Ecuatorial ............................................. 9 1.2. Clima y medio ambiente ......................................................................................................... 11 2. DATOS SOCIODEMOGRÁFICOS ............................................................................................ 12 2.1. Población....................................................................................................................................... 12 2.2. Educación ...................................................................................................................................... 17 2.2.1. Enseñanza primaria ................................................................................................................ 17 2.2.2. Enseñanza secundaria ........................................................................................................... 21 2.2.3. Enseñanza profesional .......................................................................................................... 26 2.2.4. Educación Universitaria ........................................................................................................ 28 2.3. Salud ............................................................................................................................................... 31 3. SECTOR REAL ............................................................................................................................... 36 3.1. Consumo ....................................................................................................................................... 36 3.2. Producción .................................................................................................................................... 39 3.3. Cuentas Nacionales ................................................................................................................... 43 4. FINANZAS PÚBLICAS ................................................................................................................ 46 5. SECTOR EXTERIOR Y MONETARIO ....................................................................................... 49 5.1. Balanza de pagos ....................................................................................................................... 49 5.2. Estadísticas monetarias ............................................................................................................ 51
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viii SIGLAS Y ABREVIATURAS AEC Auxiliares de Enfermería Comunitaria ASECNA Agencia para la Navegación Aérea en África y Madagascar ATS Asistente Técnico Sanitario BEAC Banco de los Estados de África Central DUE Diplomado Universitario en Enfermería F CFA Franco de la Comunidad Financiera Africana FMI Fondo Monetario Internacional INEGE Instituto Nacional de Estadística de Guinea Ecuatorial IPC Índice de Precios de Consumo MABMA Ministerio de Agricultura, Bosques y Medioambiente MEEUD Ministerio de Educación, Enseñanza Universitaria y Deportes MEPIP Ministerio de Economía, Planificación e Inversiones Públicas MHEP Ministerio de Hacienda, Economía y Planificación MICL Ministerio del Interior y Corporaciones Locales MMH Ministerio de Minas e Hidrocarburos PRODEGE Programa de Desarrollo Educativo de Guinea Ecuatorial SNIS Sistema Nacional de Información Sanitaria TOFE Tabla de Operaciones Financieras del Estado UNGE Universidad Nacional de Guinea Ecuatorial
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9 1. TERRITORIO, CLIMA Y MEDIOAMBIENTE 1.1. Geografía y división administrativa de Guinea Ecuatorial Mapa 1: Situación Geográfica de Guinea Ecuatorial El país está dividido en 8 Provincias, 19 Distritos, 37 Municipios y 65 Distritos Urbanos. Su capital es la ciudad de Malabo, siendo Bata, Djibloho, Ebibeyin, Evinayong y Mongomo otras ciudades importantes. Mapa 2: División administrativa de la Región Insular La Región Insular tiene una superficie de 2.034 km2; comprende la Isla de Bioko, en la que se encuentra Malabo (capital política del país), y la isla de Annobón, situada en el hemisferio sur, a 682 kilómetros de Malabo. Guinea Ecuatorial tiene una superficie terrestre de 28.051,5 km2 y una marítima de 314.000km2 que constituye la Zona Económica Exclusiva (ZEE). Se sitúa en la zona Ecuatorial de la costa Oeste de África, en el Golfo de Guinea. Está compuesta por dos regiones: la Insular, y la Continental.
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10 La Región Insular está dividida en tres provincias y cinco distritos, a saber: provincia de Bioko Norte, con 776 km2, que incluye los distritos de Malabo y Baney; provincia de Bioko Sur, con 1.241 km2, que cuenta con los distritos de Luba y Riaba; y provincia de Annobón, con 17 km2, con un distrito con el mismo nombre. Mapa 3. División administrativa de la Región Continental La Región Continental, con una superficie de 26.017,5 km2, está compuesta por cinco provincias: Litoral, Centro Sur, Kie Ntem, Wele Nzas y Djibloho. La provincia de Litoral, con 6.665,7 km2 está compuesta por los distritos de Bata, Mbini y Cogo; este último comprende a su vez los islotes de Corisco, Elobey Grande, Elobey Chico y los islotes Mbañe y otros. La provincia de Centro-Sur, con 9.930,9 km2, está compuesta por los distritos de Acurenam, Evinayong y Niefang. La provincia de Kie Ntem, con 3.942,9 km2, comprende los distritos de Ebibeyin, Micomiseng y Nsok Nsomo. La provincia de Wele Nzas, con 5.025,6 km2, está compuesta por los distritos de Añisok, Aconibe, Mongomo y Nsork. La provincia de Djibloho con una extensión superficial de 452,5 km2, es de nueva creación1 y sólo comprende un distrito con el mismo nombre. 1 Ley Núm. 4/2017, de fecha 20 de junio.
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11 Fuente: MICL 1.2. Clima y medio ambiente El País se caracteriza por un clima tropical, con temperaturas en torno a los 30ºC durante todo el año. Las estaciones vienen marcadas por la intensidad de las lluvias con presencia de tormentas de intensidad media en los cambios de estación. Área geográfica Superficie (Km2) % Región Continental 26.017,5 92,7 Centro Sur 9.930,8 35,4 Djibloho 452,5 1,6 Kie Ntem 3.942,9 14,1 Litoral 6.665,7 23,8 Wele Nzas 5.025,6 17,9 Región Insular 2.034,0 7,3 Annobón 17,0 0,1 Bioko Norte 776,0 2,8 Bioko Sur 1.241,0 4,4 Guinea Ecuatorial 28,051, 5 100 La Región Continental representa el 92,7% del total de la dimensión de Guinea Ecuatorial, siendo la provincia de Centro Sur la más extensa (35,4%), seguida de la de Litoral (23,8%). Las provincias más pequeñas son Annobón (0,1%), junto con Bioko Norte (2,8%). En la Isla de Bioko, la estación seca se registra durante los meses de noviembre a abril, y la lluviosa de mayo a octubre. La temperatura media anual de la ciudad de Malabo durante el año 2018 fue de 26,9ºC, ligeramente superior a la registrada en el año anterior, que fue de 26,6ºC. 0510152025303520142015201620172018Prom. Anual MaxProm. Anual MinGráfico 1: Temperatura media anual de Malabo enºC Fuente: ASECNA Malabo Tabla 1: Superficie territorial y división administrativa de Guinea Ecuatorial
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12 La Isla de Annobón tiene una estación seca de junio a octubre y otra húmeda de noviembre a mayo. El clima de la Región Continental presenta dos estaciones secas y dos lluviosas: la primera estación seca se da entre diciembre y mediados de febrero, y la segunda de julio a septiembre. Las dos estaciones lluviosas comprenden de marzo a junio y de septiembre a noviembre. 2. DATOS SOCIODEMOGRÁFICOS 2.1. Población Los Censos de Población y el Padrón Municipal son las fuentes más importantes de las que se derivan las cifras de población, a las cuales se otorga carácter oficial. El Censo de población es una operación estadística que se realiza cada diez años y permite conocer, además de la estructura básica de la población (sexo, edad, lugar de residencia, etc.), otras características culturales, económicas y sociales de todos los habitantes residentes del país referidas a un período de tiempo determinado. El Padrón municipal es el registro administrativo donde constan los vecinos de un municipio o distrito urbano. La elaboración, mantenimiento, revisión y custodia de estos padrones es tarea de los respectivos ayuntamientos. La cantidad de lluvia caída durante el periodo 2017/2018, osciló entre los 182,6 y 127,7 milímetros, habiéndose registrado la máxima cantidad en el año 2017. La humedad atmosférica de la ciudad de Malabo presenta una media anual de 96%, en tanto que los valores mensuales oscilan entre 93% y 98%. Fuente: ASECNA Malabo 178,2131,6212,2182,6127,720142015201620172018Gráfico 2: Promedio anual de precipitaciones en Malabo en mm
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13 La inexistencia de padrones municipales actualizados a nivel nacional hace que no se disponga de la estructura anual de la distribución de la población; por lo tanto, el INEGE sólo dispone de datos de los censos para conocer la evolución de la población. En lo referente al dato de la población del IV Censo General de Población y Viviendas de 2015, se presentaron los resultados definitivos en octubre del año 2017, donde la cifra de la población fue de 1.225.377 habitantes. Tabla 2: Población por región en 2015 Área geográfica Urbana Rural Región Continental 70 30 Centro Sur 52,3 47,7 Kie Ntem 38,3 61,7 Litoral 90,2 9,8 Wele Nzas 40,1 59,9 Región Insular 87,5 12,5 Annobón 100 - Bioko Norte 88,8 11,2 Bioko Sur 56,9 43,1 Guinea Ecuatorial 76,1 23,9 La mayor parte de la población residía en las zonas urbanas en las dos regiones con proporciones de 87,5% y 70% en la región Insular y en la región Continental respectivamente. Las provincias con proporciones elevadas de población urbana fueron Annobón (100%) y Litoral (90,2%). Con la creación de los nuevos Distritos Urbanos en el año 2017, la distribución de la población por zonas podría haber cambiado. Región Total % Región Continental 885.015 72,2 Región Insular 340.362 27,8 Guinea Ecuatorial 1.225.377 100,0 Fuente: IV Censo General de Población y Viviendas-MEPIP La Región Continental fue la más poblada en 2015, con una población de alrededor del 72% del total nacional. Fuente: IV Censo General de Población y Viviendas-MEPIP Nota: El guion (-) implica dato nulo o cero, no resultante del redondeo, en todas las tablas del documento donde aparezca Como muestra la tabla 3, La población de Guinea Ecuatorial residía mayoritariamente en las zonas urbanas en el año 2015 (76,1%). La provincia más poblada fue Litoral, que albergaba un 30% de la población nacional, seguida de Bioko Norte, con el 24,5%. Entre las provincias menos pobladas destacan Annobón con un 0,4% de la población, y Bioko Sur, con un 2,8%. Tabla 3: Población (%) por región, provincia y zona en 2015
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14 Fuente: IV Censo General de Población y Viviendas-MEPIP Área geográfica Nacionales Extranjera Hombres Mujeres Hombres Mujeres Annobón 48,5 51,5 71,7 28,3 Bioko Norte 49,8 50,2 70,1 29,9 Bioko Sur 50,8 49,2 78,3 21,7 Centro Sur 48,1 51,9 77,9 22,1 Kie Ntem 48,1 51,9 66,1 33,9 Litoral 49,5 50,5 70,5 29,5 Wele Nzas 47,9 52,1 76,7 23,3 Guinea Ecuatorial 49,2 50,8 71,3 28,7 La inmigración ha contribuido en parte al aumento de la población. Según los datos del IV Censo General de Población y Viviendas del año 2015, los residentes no nacionales representaban el 12,4% de la población total residente en el país. La provincia de Wele Nzas era la que mayor proporción de población extranjera poseía (16,5%); Bioko Norte, en segundo lugar, con 12,7%. Bioko Sur y Annobón son las que menor proporción de población extranjera registraron, con un 6,1% y 1,7%, respectivamente. Entre la población extranjera residente en el país, los hombres representaban en 2015 al menos el 70% en todas las provincias a excepción de la provincia de Kie Ntem (6,1%). Gráfico 3: Distribución de la población por provincia y nacionalidad (%) en 2015 Según el gráfico 4, en todas las provincias del país encontramos más de 8 residentes nacionales por cada 10 en 2015. Cabe resaltar que la provincia de Wele Nzas era la que Tabla 4: Distribución de la población nacional y extranjera por provincia y sexo en 2015 (%) Fuente: IV Censo General de Población y Viviendas-MEPIP 1,7 12,7 6,1 10,1 10,5 12,3 16,5 98,3 87,3 93,9 89,9 89,5 87,7 83,5 Annobón Bioko Norte Bioko Sur Centro Sur Kie Ntem Litoral Wele Nzas Extranjeros Nacionales
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15 La pirámide poblacional de Guinea Ecuatorial construida en base al IV Censo General de Población y Viviendas 2015 es más ancha en su parte inferior y central, siendo el grupo de edad de 0 a 4 años el de mayor población, seguido del grupo de 25 a 29 años. En resumen, la mayor parte de la población del país es joven. mayor proporción de extranjeros registra en 2015 (16,5%), mientras que la provincia de Annobón registró una menor proporción de extranjeros (1,7%). En el año 2015, se censaron un total de 284.000 hogares. El tamaño medio del hogar en el país en este año es de 4,3 miembros por hogar; por otra parte, las provincias de Annobón y Bioko Sur registraron un tamaño medio de hogar inferior al nacional. Como se puede apreciar en el gráfico 5, la provincia con más proporción de hogares en 2015 fue Litoral, con el 28,4%, seguida de Bioko Norte con 24,9%. Annobón y Bioko Sur son las provincias con menos hogares, con el 0,5% y el 3,6% respectivamente. Gráfico 4: Tamaño medio del hogar por provincia en 2015 Gráfico 5: Distribución de hogares (%) por provincia en 2015 3,9 4,3 3,4 4,4 4,3 4,6 4,3 AnnobónBiokoNorteBiokoSurCentroSurKieNtemLitoralWeleNzasTamañoFuente: IV Censo General de Población y Viviendas-MEPIP Gráfico 6: Pirámide de la población de Guinea Ecuatorial (%) en 2015 Fuente: IV Censo General de Población y Viviendas-MEPIP Fuente: IV Censo General de Población y Viviendas-MEPIP
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I •··· •• .WORLD BANK BIRF•AIF EQUATORIAL GUINEA INEGE National Statistical Institute Equatorial Guinea STATISTICAL YEARBOOK OF 2020 TRANSLATION WATER STREET TRANSLATIONS
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National Statistical Institute of Equatorial Guinea (INEGE) 2020 STATISTICAL YEARBOOK OF EQUATORIAL GUINEA TRANSLATION WATER STREET TRANSLATIONS
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iii PREFACE The National Statistical Institute of Equatorial Guinea (INEGE), as the centralized executive organ of the National Statistical System (SEN), collects, processes, analyzes and disseminates national statistical information. In this context, it hereby presents the third edition of the Statistical Yearbook of Equatorial Guinea. This statistical product is a general presentation of the most important quantitative and qualitative aspects of the country’s social, demographic, environmental and economic reality. The principal objective of this Yearbook is to provide users with statistical information that is useful and timely and that enables good decision-making. The principal sources of information for this edition have been: the IV General Population and Housing Census of 2015, the I General Agricultural Census of 2015, the 2015 Survey of the Active Population, the II Demographic and Health Survey of 2011, as well as administrative records from the different Ministries and other agencies of the National Statistical System. Our gratitude goes to all the institutions that have assisted in drafting this document by providing data, and to the team that has worked on this project who, with their valuable cooperation and effort, their level of commitment, devotion and dedication, have made this publication possible. We hope this document will be useful to all users here and abroad. Ricardo Nsue NDEMESOGO OBONO Director General TRANSLATION WATER STREET TRANSLATIONS
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E.G. Statistical Yearbook - 2020 1 Contents PREFACE ..................................................................................................................................................... iii LIST OF TABLES ......................................................................................................................................... 3 LIST OF FIGURES ....................................................................................................................................... 9 LIST OF CHARTS ....................................................................................................................................... 9 LIST OF MAPS ........................................................................................................................................... 11 INTRODUCTION ...................................................................................................................................... 17 ACRONYMS ............................................................................................................................................... 12 ABBREVIATIONS AND SYMBOLS USED ........................................................................................... 15 SECTION 1: GENERAL INFORMATION ............................................................................... 22 1.1. General Information and Territorial and Administrative Organization.............................................. 24 1.2. Geographic Aspects ............................................................................................................................................... 29 SECTION 2: CLIMATE AND ENVIRONMENT ...................................................................... 34 2.1. Meteorological Observations ................................................................................................................................... 36 2.2. Environment and Biodiversity ................................................................................................................................... 41 SECTION 3: POPULATION AND DEMOGRAPHICS ............................................................ 54 4.1. Population ........................................................................................................................................................................ 56 4.2. Demographic Indicators ............................................................................................................................................. 61 SECTION 4: HEALTH AND SOCIAL SERVICES ................................................................... 66 4.1. Health Infrastructure and Personnel..................................................................................................................... 68 4.2. Obstetrics and Vaccination ........................................................................................................................................ 71 4.3. Morbidity and Mortality .............................................................................................................................................. 74 4.3.1. Morbidity ................................................................................................................................................................. 74 4.3.2. Mortality ................................................................................................................................................................... 85 SECTION 5: EDUCATION ................................................................................................... 88 5.1. Early Childhood and Preschool Education........................................................................................................... 89 5.2. Primary Education ......................................................................................................................................................... 95 5.3. Secondary Education................................................................................................................................................. 104 5.4. Vocational Training .................................................................................................................................................... 113 5.5. University Education .................................................................................................................................................. 117 SECTION 6: JUSTICE AND CITIZEN SAFETY .................................................................... 122 6.1. Justice .............................................................................................................................................................................. 123 6.2. Traffic and Road Safety ............................................................................................................................................ 125 SECTION 7: LIVING CONDITIONS AND CONSUMPTION ............................................... 128 7.1. Labor Market ................................................................................................................................................................ 129 TRANSLATION WATER STREET TRANSLATIONS
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E.G. Statistical Yearbook - 2020 2 7.2. Living Conditions ........................................................................................................................................................ 132 7.3. Social Security .............................................................................................................................................................. 136 7.3. Consumption ................................................................................................................................................................ 140 SECTION 8: GENDER EQUALITY ...................................................................................... 150 8.1. Women in Decision-Making Positions ............................................................................................................... 151 8.2. Women in Education ................................................................................................................................................. 152 8.3. Gender Violence .......................................................................................................................................................... 157 SECTION 9: CULTURE, SPORTS AND LEISURE ................................................................ 160 9.1. Culture and Leisure .................................................................................................................................................... 161 9.2. Sports .............................................................................................................................................................................. 163 9.3. Tourism ........................................................................................................................................................................... 168 SECTION 10: PRODUCTIVE SECTOR ................................................................................ 172 10.1. Fishery Production ................................................................................................................................................... 174 10.2. Lumber ......................................................................................................................................................................... 177 10.3. Agriculture .................................................................................................................................................................. 177 10.4. Extraction Activities................................................................................................................................................. 180 10.5. Industry ........................................................................................................................................................................ 182 10.6. Services......................................................................................................................................................................... 184 SECTION 11: NATIONAL ACCOUNTING ......................................................................... 188 11.1. Supply Overview ....................................................................................................................................................... 190 11.2. Demand Overview ................................................................................................................................................... 197 SECTION 12: PUBLIC FINANCE ........................................................................................ 202 12.1. Revenue and Expenses........................................................................................................................................... 203 12.2. Financing and Public Debt.................................................................................................................................... 210 SECTION 13: MONETARY AND FINANCIAL STATISTICS ................................................ 214 13.1. Monetary and Financial Statistics ...................................................................................................................... 216 SECTION 14: FOREIGN TRADE AND BALANCE OF PAYMENTS ...................................... 220 14.1. Exports and Imports ................................................................................................................................................ 221 14.2. International Prices of Certain Products ......................................................................................................... 225 SECTION 15: OTHER DATA OF INTEREST ....................................................................... 228 SOURCES OF INFORMATION ........................................................................................... 233 TRANSLATION WATER STREET TRANSLATIONS
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E.G. Statistical Yearbook - 2020 22 SECTION 1: GENERAL INFORMATION About Equatorial Guinea Following its independence from the Kingdom of Spain on October 12, 1968, the Republic of Equatorial Guinea became a sovereign, independent, republican, social and democratic state pursuant to the Constitution of Equatorial Guinea, wherein Article 1 establishes the supreme values of unity, peace, justice, liberty and equality. Territorial, administrative and political division. The land surface area of the Republic of Equatorial Guinea measures 28,051.5 km2 and comprises the continental zone, called Rio Muni, and the islands of Bioko, Annobón, Corisco, Elobey Grande, Elobey Chico, Mbañe, Conga, Leva, Cocotero and adjacent islets. The maritime surface area (EEZ, Exclusive Economic Zone) covers some 314,000 km2. Administratively, Equatorial Guinea is divided into two regions, eight provinces, 19 districts, 37 municipalities. Organs of State. Under the constitution (Arts. 31 and 32), the State exercises its sovereignty through the following branches: the Executive, the Legislature and the Judiciary, and performs its functions through the President of the Republic, the Vice President, the Council of Ministers, the Senate, the Chamber of Deputies, the Judiciary, the Constitutional Court, the Council of the Republic, the National Council for Economic and Social Development, the Court of Accounts, the Ombudsman, and other organs created pursuant to the Constitution and other laws. National Symbols. The national flag has three horizontal bands of equal size, green (top), white (middle) and red (bottom), with a blue isosceles triangle on the end closest to the mast, and the national shield centered on the white band. The color green symbolizes the riches of the forests, the blue represents the sea that connects the continent to the islands, the white represents peace and the red represents the blood shed in the struggle for independence. The coat of arms has six yellow six-pointed stars (representing the nation’s six territories) on a shield showing a ceiba tree, below which is a ribbon bearing the motto “Unity, Peace and Justice.” The national hymn, “Let us thread the path of our immense happiness,” [was] adopted in 1968, with lyrics created by Messrs. Atanasio Ndong Miyong and Saturnino Ibongo, and music composed by Atanasio Ndong Miyon and Ramiro Sánchez López. TRANSLATION WATER STREET TRANSLATIONS
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General Information E.G. Statistical Yearbook - 2020 23 Languages. The official language is Spanish, while French and Portuguese are co-official languages. Vernacular languages include Fang, Bubi, Combe, Bisio and Fadambo; other languages, including “pichi,” are also spoken. Population and density. According to the IV General Population and Housing Census of 2015, the population was 1,225,377 inhabitants and the population density was 44 pop./km2. The most populated city is Bata, with 309,345 inhabitants. According to INEGE estimates, the population for the year 2019 is 1,405,704. Ethnicities. Fang, Bubi, Ndowe, Annobonese, Bisio, Fernandine or Creole. Religions. The State recognizes and guarantees freedom of religion. Among the religions professed, the most widespread of them includes Christianity, which represents the majority, as well as Islam and others. Insular Region. This comprises the islands of Bioko and Annobón. It has a total surface area of 2,034 km2, of which 2,017 belong to the island of Bioko and 17 km2 belong to Annobón. Bioko Island. It was called Fernando Poo during the Spanish colonial era, in honor of the Portuguese navigator who discovered it. It is located inside the Gulf of Guinea, in the Bay of Biafra, 33 kilometers from the coast of the African continent and across from the Cameroon coast. Its four angles are called Punta Hermosa (N), Punta Europa (NW), Punta Santiago (SE) and Punta Sagre (SW). Some believe that the island constitutes the remainder of a sunken mountain range that included peaks which today represent the islands of Principe, Sao Tomé and Annobón, all of which lie in a straight line from NE to SW. The island is surrounded by a coastal plain measuring five kilometers in width and about 30-40 meters in height, on which three bays are found: the bays associated with the port of Malabo, of Concepción and of Lubá. Annobón Island. This island is an elongated oval from north to south, with an area of 17 square kilometers. It is located 355 km from the African continent. Its origin is volcanic and it is very craggy, with Pico Fuego (450 m) to the north and a crater holding Lake Mazafín, 600 m long by 400 m wide. The hydrographic network is scarcely developed and the flow is intermittent. Continental Region. Formerly known as Rio Muni in the colonial era, it comprises the continental portion of the country and the islands of Corisco, Elobey Grande, Elobey Chico and Mbañe. It has a total surface area of 26,017 km2, of which 26,000 km2 belong to the continental portion and the remainder are the island areas. It lies at the heart of the Gulf of Guinea and has an almost perfectly rectangular shape. It is bordered on the north by the Republic of Cameroon for 170 km, on the east by the Republic of Gabon for 110 km, on the TRANSLATION WATER STREET TRANSLATIONS
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General Information E.G. Statistical Yearbook - 2020 24 south also by the Republic of Gabon for 190 km, and on the west by the Atlantic Ocean. Its principal rivers originate outside the national territory, have an abundant water flow, and tend to form waterfalls that interrupt navigation due to the layout of the mountains parallel to the coast. 1.1. General Information and Territorial and Administrative Organization Map 1: Geographic Situation of Equatorial Guinea Bioko Island Corisco and the Elobeys Annobón Island Equatorial Guinea Cameroon TRANSLATION WATER STREET TRANSLATIONS
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General Information E.G. Statistical Yearbook - 2020 26 Chart 1: General Country Statistics Official Name Republic of Equatorial Guinea Capital Malabo Surface area 28,051.5 km² Population 1,225,377 (2015 Census); 1,405,704 (INEGE estimate 2019) Demonym Equatorial Guinean Currency Central African Franc CFA (FCFA/XAF) National hymn Let us Thread the Path of our Immense Happiness Suffrage The minimum voting age is 18 Type of government Presidential Republic President His Excellency Teodoro Obiang NGUEMA MBASOGO National holidays •January 1 (New Year)•May 1 (International Workers’ Day)•June 5 (Birthday of the President of the Republic)•August 3 (Freedom Coup)•August 15 (Constitution Day)•October 12 (National lndependence Day)•December 8 (Feast of the Immaculate Conception, Patron Saint ofthe Republic of Equatorial Guinea)•December 25 (Christmas)Boundaries Land boundary (528 km) On the north: Republic of Cameroon (183 km) and the Ntem River On the southeast: Republic of Gabon (345 km) On the west: Equatorial Atlantic Ocean Coastline (296 km) Elevation Average: (577 m) Lowest point: Atlantic Ocean (0 m) Highest point: Pico Basilé (3,011 m) Geographic coordinates Longitude east: 10°0'0'' Latitude north: 2°0'0'' TRANSLATION WATER STREET TRANSLATIONS
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General Information E.G. Statistical Yearbook - 2020 29 1.2. Geographic Aspects Chart 2: Principal Rivers by Region Insular Region Continental Region Ábobo Bao Eola Ole-(Tudela) Abera Congue Mven Mbinda Agua Negras Basupú E-ZalensRuma Afen Ekuku Ndjang Mbomo Anganchi Bolabari Ilachi Sampaka Aye Esimi Ndolo Mitemle or Utambondi (116 Km)¹ Apú Bolola Moabá Tiburones Bañe Kie Ngaba Mitom Awal Cónsul Mirupururu Timbabé Benito or Wele (240 Km)¹ Komo (230 Km)¹ Ntem Mumbe Balaopi Copetua Ogoué San Nicolás Binvili Laña Mangadjiani Utonde Bisobong Leng Mbia Source: Ministry of Agriculture, Ranching, Forests and the Environment (MAGBMA) (1)This is the portion within the national territory.Chart 3: Distribution of the Principal Altitudes of the Country Location Principal Mountains and Elevations Annobón Pico Mazafín (831 m) Pico Fuego (435 m) Pico Quioveo (598 m) Lake A-pot Caldera (150 m) Pico Lago (525 m) North Bioko Pico Basilé (3,011 m) South Bioko Luba Caldera (2,260 m) Mount Moka (2,000 m) Pico Bao (2,009 m) Central South Niefang Range (1,200 m) Mount Efacan Mount Chime (1,200 m) Sierra Sisima Mount Alén (1,200 m) Mount Eyang Mount Raíces (800 m) Mount Akok Ngeng Central Peneplain (400-500 m) Mount Nfulayong Kie-Ntem Kien-Ntem Great Plateau Mount Eborangong Mount Manduma Coast Mount Mitra (1,200 m) Mount Machinda Mount Bata (600 m) Sierra Cristal Mount Bindung Mongouba Plateau Wele-Nzas Mount Yengan Mount Nsama Piedra Nzas (1,200 m) Mount Nsork Mount MakogaMount Oveng Source: Ministry of Agriculture, Ranching, Forests and the Environment (MAGBMA) TRANSLATION WATER STREET TRANSLATIONS
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WATER STREET TRANSLATIONS, LLC (212)776-171310 East 39th Street, 12th FloorNew York, NY 10016www.waterstreettranslations.cominfo@waterstreettranslations.comCERTIFICATION OF ACCURACY OF TRANSLATIONThis hereby confirms that the foregoing translation was prepared by Christina Courtright and Karen Brovey, linguists with substantial experience in the translation of documents from Spanish into English as certified by the American Translators Association.Kent G. Heine, Managing Partner of Water Street Translations, LLC, hereby attests to the following:“To the best of my knowledge and belief, the foregoing translation is a true, accurate, and unbiased translation into English of the Spanish text attached herewith."Kent G. HeineWater Street Translations, LLC09/13/21_Date
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Instituto Nacional de Estadística de Guinea Ecuatorial (INEGE) ANUARIO ESTADÍSTICO DE GUINEA ECUATORIAL 2020
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iii PRESENTACIÓN El Instituto Nacional de Estadística de Guinea Ecuatorial (INEGE), como órgano central y ejecutivo del Sistema Estadístico Nacional (SEN), colecta, procesa, analiza y difunde la información estadística nacional; en este marco, presenta la tercera edición del Anuario Estadístico de Guinea Ecuatorial. Este producto estadístico presenta de forma general los aspectos cuantitativos y cualitativos más destacados de la realidad social, demográfica, ambiental y económica del país. El objetivo principal de este Anuario es proporcionar a los usuarios información estadística útil y oportuna, que permita la buena toma de decisiones. Las principales fuentes de información de esta edición han sido: el IV Censo General de Población y Viviendas de 2015, el I Censo General de Agricultura de 2015, la Encuesta de Población Activa de 2015, la II Encuesta Demográfica y de Salud de 2011, así como los registros administrativos provenientes de los diferentes Departamentos Ministeriales, y otros organismos del Sistema Estadístico Nacional. Agradecimientos a todas las instituciones que han colaborado en la elaboración de este documento, facilitando datos, y al equipo que ha trabajado en este proyecto por su compromiso, entrega y dedicación que, con su valiosa colaboración y esfuerzo, han hecho posible esta publicación. Esperamos que este documento sea útil a todos los usuarios a nivel nacional e internacional. Ricardo Nsue NDEMESOGO OBONO Director General
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1 Anuario Estadístico de G.E.- 2020 Contenido PRESENTACIÓN ........................................................................................................................................... iii LISTA DE TABLAS ......................................................................................................................................... 3 LISTA DE GRÁFICOS ..................................................................................................................................... 9 LISTA DE CUADROS ..................................................................................................................................... 9 LISTA DE MAPAS ........................................................................................................................................ 11 INTRODUCCIÓN ......................................................................................................................................... 17 SIGLAS Y ACRÓNIMOS .............................................................................................................................. 12 ABREVIATURAS Y SIMBOLOGÍA UTILIZADA .......................................................................................... 15 SECCIÓN 1: INFORMACIÓN GENERAL ........................................................................................ 22 1.1. Generalidades y organización territorial y administrativa ........................................................ 24 1.2. Aspectos geográficos .................................................................................................................. 29 SECCIÓN 2: CLIMA Y MEDIO AMBIENTE ..................................................................................... 34 2.1. Observaciones meteorológicas ........................................................................................................ 36 2.2. Medioambiente y biodiversidad ...................................................................................................... 41 SECCIÓN 3: POBLACIÓN Y DEMOGRAFÍA ................................................................................... 54 4.1. Población .......................................................................................................................................................................... 56 4.2. Indicadores demográficos ......................................................................................................................................... 61 SECCIÓN 4: SALUD Y ASISTENCIA SOCIAL ................................................................................. 66 4.1. Infraestructura y personal sanitario ................................................................................................. 68 4.2. Obstetricia y vacunación ............................................................................................................................................ 71 4.3. Morbilidad y mortalidad ............................................................................................................................................. 74 4.3.1. Morbilidad ............................................................................................................................................................... 74 4.3.2. Mortalidad ............................................................................................................................................................... 85 SECCIÓN 5: EDUCACIÓN ............................................................................................................ 88 5.1. Educación infantil y preescolar ................................................................................................................................ 89 5.2. Educación primaria ....................................................................................................................................................... 95 5.3. Educación secundaria ............................................................................................................................................... 104 5.4. Formación profesional .............................................................................................................................................. 113 5.5. Educación universitaria ............................................................................................................................................ 117 SECCIÓN 6: JUSTICIA Y SEGURIDAD CIUDADANA ................................................................... 122 6.1. Justicia ............................................................................................................................................................................. 123 6.2. Tráfico y seguridad vial ............................................................................................................................................ 125 SECCIÓN 7: CONDICIONES DE VIDA Y CONSUMO .................................................................... 128 7.1. Mercado laboral .......................................................................................................................................................... 129
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2 Anuario Estadístico de G.E.- 2020 7.2. Condiciones de vida .................................................................................................................................................. 132 7.3. Seguridad social .......................................................................................................................................................... 136 7.3. Consumo ........................................................................................................................................................................ 140 SECCIÓN 8: IGUALDAD DE GÉNERO ......................................................................................... 150 8.1. La mujer en los puestos de toma de decisiones ............................................................................................ 151 8.2. La mujer en la educación ........................................................................................................................................ 152 8.3. Violencia de género .................................................................................................................................................. 157 SECCIÓN 9: CULTURA, DEPORTE Y OCIO .................................................................................. 160 9.1. Cultura y ocio ............................................................................................................................................................... 161 9.2. Deporte ........................................................................................................................................................................... 163 9.3. Turismo ........................................................................................................................................................................... 168 SECCIÓN 10: SECTOR PRODUCTIVO ......................................................................................... 172 10.1. Producción pesquera .............................................................................................................................................. 174 10.2. Madera .......................................................................................................................................................................... 177 10.3. Agricultura .................................................................................................................................................................. 177 10.4. Actividades extractivas ......................................................................................................................................... 180 10.5. Industria ....................................................................................................................................................................... 182 10.6. Servicios ....................................................................................................................................................................... 184 SECCIÓN 11. CONTABILIDAD NACIONAL ................................................................................. 188 11.1. Óptica oferta .............................................................................................................................................................. 190 11.2. Óptica demanda ....................................................................................................................................................... 197 SECCIÓN 12: FINANZAS PÚBLICAS .......................................................................................... 202 12.1. Ingresos y gastos ..................................................................................................................................................... 203 12.2. Financiación y deuda pública .............................................................................................................................. 210 SECCIÓN 13. ESTADÍSTICAS MONETARIAS Y FINANCIERAS ..................................................... 214 13.1. Estadísticas monetarias y financieras ......................................................................................... 216 SECCIÓN 14: COMERCIO EXTERIOR Y BALANZA DE PAGOS ..................................................... 220 14.1. Exportación e importación ................................................................................................................................... 221 14.2. Precios internacionales de algunos productos ............................................................................................ 225 SECCIÓN 15: OTROS DATOS DE INTERÉS ................................................................................. 228 FUENTES DE INFORMACIÓN .................................................................................................... 233
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22 Anuario Estadístico de G.E.- 2020 SECCIÓN 1: INFORMACIÓN GENERAL Acerca de Guinea Ecuatorial La República de Guinea Ecuatorial, tras su independencia del Reino de España el 12 de octubre de 1968, es un estado soberano, independiente, republicano, social y democrático según la Ley Fundamental de Guinea Ecuatorial, en su Artículo 1º establece los valores supremos la unidad, la paz, la justicia, la libertad y la igualdad. División territorial, administrativa y política. La superficie terrestre de la República de Guinea Ecuatorial tiene una extensión de 28.051,5 Km2 y se compone de la zona continental, denominada Rio Muni, y las islas de Bioko, Annobón, Corisco, Elobey Grande, Elobey Chico, Mbañe, Conga, Leva, Cocotero e islotes adyacentes. La superficie marítima (ZEE, Zona Económica Exclusiva) cubre unos 314.000 Km2. Administrativamente, Guinea Ecuatorial está divida en 2 regiones, 8 provincias, 19 distritos, 37 municipios. Órganos del Estado. Según la constitución (Art. 31 y 32) el Estado ejerce su soberanía a través de los siguientes poderes: el Poder Ejecutivo, el Poder Legislativo y el Poder Judicial, y ejerce sus funciones a través del Presidente de la República, el Vicepresidente, el Consejo de Ministros, el Senado, la Cámara de Diputados, el Poder Judicial, el Tribunal Constitucional, el Consejo de la República, el Consejo Nacional para el Desarrollo Económico y Social, el Tribunal de Cuentas, el Defensor del Pueblo y los demás órganos creados conforme a la Ley Fundamental y otras leyes. Símbolos Nacionales. La bandera nacional tiene 3 bandas horizontales iguales, verde (arriba), blanco (medio) y rojo (abajo), con un triángulo isósceles azul en el extremo más próximo al mástil y el escudo centrado en la banda blanca. El color verde simboliza la riqueza de los bosques, el azul representa el mar que conecta el continente con las islas, el blanco representa la paz y el rojo representa la sangre derramada en la lucha por la independencia. El escudo de armas tiene seis estrellas amarillas de seis puntas (representando los seis territorios del País) sobre un escudo que lleva un árbol de ceiba y por debajo del cual está un rollo con el lema (Unidad, Paz y Justicia). El himno nacional “Caminemos pisando la senda de nuestra inmensa felicidad”, adoptado en 1968; y cuya letra fue concebida por los señores Atanasio Ndong Miyon y Saturnino Ibongo), y la música compuesta por Atanasio Ndong Miyon y Ramiro Sánchez López.
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Información General 23 Anuario Estadístico de G.E.- 2020 Idiomas. El idioma oficial es el español, siendo el francés y el portugués idiomas cooficiales. Como lenguas vernáculas se incluyen el Fang, Bubi, Combe, Bisío y Fadambo; también se habla otras lenguas tales como el "pichi", entre otras. Población y densidad. La población según el IV Censo General de Población y Viviendas de 2015, era de 1.225.377 habitantes y la densidad de población es de 44 hab./km², La ciudad más poblada es Bata, con 309.345 habitantes. Según las estimaciones del INEGE, la población es de 1.405.704 para el año 2019. Etnias. Fang, Bubi, Ndowe, Annobonesa, Bisío, Fernandina o Criolla. Religiones. El Estado reconoce y garantiza la libertad religiosa. Entre las religiones profesadas se destaca el cristianismo, que representa la mayoría, el islamismo y otras. Región Insular. Comprende las islas de Bioko y Annobón. Tiene una superficie total de 2.034 Km2, de los que 2.017 corresponden a la isla de Bioko y 17 Km2 a la de Annobón. Isla de Bioko. Fue llamada Fernando Poo durante la colonización española, en honor al navegante portugués que la descubrió. Se halla en el interior del Golfo de Guinea, en la Bahía de Biafra, a 33 kilómetros de la costa del continente africano, frente a la costa de Camerún. En sus cuatro ángulos se encuentran Punta Hermosa (N), Punta Europa (NO), Punta Santiago (SE) y la Punta Sagre (SO). Algunos consideran que la isla constituye los restos de una cordillera sumergida que comprendía entre sus cimas lo que hoy son las islas de Príncipe, Santo Tomé y Annobón, todas alineadas en línea recta de NE al SO. La isla está rodeada de una planicie litoral de unos 5 kilómetros de anchura y de unos 30 o 40 metros de altura, en los que se divisan tres bahías: La del puerto de Malabo, la de la Concepción y la de Lubá. Isla de Annobón. Isla de forma alargada y ovalada de norte a sur, tiene 17 kilómetros cuadrados de extensión, y se halla a 355 Km del continente africano. Es de origen volcánica y muy peñascosa, con el pico Fuego (450 m) al Norte, y un cráter que aloja la laguna de Mazafín, de 600 m de longitud por 400 m de anchura. La red hidrográfica está poco desarrollada y el caudal es intermitente. Región Continental. Anteriormente conocida como Rio Muni en la época colonial, comprende la parte continental y las islas de Corisco, Elobey Grande, Elobey Chico y Mbañe. La superficie total es de 26.017 Km2, de los que 26.000 Km2 corresponden a la porción continental y el resto a la insular. Radica en el seno profundo del Golfo de Guinea y tiene una forma rectangular casi perfecta. Limita al Norte con la República de Camerún en 170 Km, al
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Información General 24 Anuario Estadístico de G.E.- 2020 Este con la República de Gabón en 110 Km, al Sur también con la República de Gabón en 190 Km y al Oeste con el Océano Atlántico. Sus principales ríos nacen fuera del territorio nacional, caudalosos y por la disposición de las montañas paralelas a la costa, tienden a formar cascadas que interrumpen la navegación. 1.1. Generalidades y organización territorial y administrativa Mapa 1: Situación Geográfica de Guinea Ecuatorial
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Información General 26 Anuario Estadístico de G.E.- 2020 Cuadro 1: Generalidades del País Nombre Oficial República de Guinea Ecuatorial Capital Malabo Superficie 28.051,5 Km² Población 1.225.377 hab. (Censo de 2015); 1.405.704 hab. (estimación INEGE 2019) Gentilicio Ecuatoguineano/a Moneda Franco CFA de África Central (FCFA/XAF) Himno Nacional Caminemos Pisando la Senda de Nuestra Inmensa Felicidad Sufragio La edad mínima para votar es de 18 años cumplidos Tipo de Gobierno República Presidencialista Presidente S.E. Teodoro Obiang NGUEMA MBASOGO Fiestas Nacionales • 1 de enero (Año Nuevo) • 1 de mayo (Día Internacional del Trabajo) • 5 de junio (Natalicio del Presidente de la República) • 3 de agosto (Golpe de Libertad) • 15 de agosto (Día de la Constitución) • 12 de octubre (Día de la Independencia Nacional) • 8 de diciembre (Festividad de la Inmaculada Concepción, Patrona de la República de Guinea Ecuatorial) • 25 de diciembre (Navidad) Límites Frontera Terrestre (528 Km) Al Norte: República de Camerún (183 Km) y el río Ntem Al Sureste: República de Gabón (345 Km) Al Oeste: Océano Atlántico Ecuatorial Línea de Costa (296 Km) Elevación Media (577 m) Punto más bajo: Océano Atlántico (0 m) Punto más alto: Pico Basilé (3.011 m) Coordenadas Geográficas Longitud Este: 10°0'0'' Latitud Norte: 2°0'0''
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Información General 29 Anuario Estadístico de G.E.- 2020 Fuente: Ministerio de Agricultura, Ganadería, Bosques y Medio Ambiente-MAGBMA (1) Es el recorrido dentro del territorio nacional Fuente: Ministerio de Agricultura, Ganadería, Bosques y Medio Ambiente-MAGBMA Cuadro 3: Distribución de las principales altitudes del país 1.2. Aspectos geográficos Región Insular Región Continental Ábobo Bao Eola Ole-(Tudela) Abera Congue Mven Mbinda Agua Negras Basupú E-Zalens Ruma Afen Ekuku Ndjang Mbomo Anganchi Bolabari Ilachi Sampaka Aye Esimi Ndolo Mitemle o Utambondi (116 Km)¹ Apú Bolola Moabá Tiburones Bañe Kie Ngaba Mitom Awal Cónsul Mirupururu Timbabé Benito o Wele (240 Km)¹ Komo (230 Km)¹ Ntem Mumbe Balaopi Copetua Ogoué San Nicolás Binvili Laña Mangadjiani Utonde Bisobong Leng Mbia Ubicación Principales Montes y Alturas Annobón Pico Mazafín (831 m) Pico Fuego (435 m) Pico Quioveo (598 m) Caldera del Lago A-pot (150 m) Pico Lago (525 m) Bioko Norte Pico Basilé (3.011 m) Bioko Sur Caldera de Luba (2.260 m) Monte Moka (2.000 m) Pico Bao (2.009 m) Centro Sur Cadena de Niefang (1.200 m) Monte Efacan Monte Chime (1.200 m) Sierra Sisima Monte Alén (1.200 m) Monte Eyang Monte Raíces (800 m) Monte Akok Ngeng Penillanura Central (400-500m) Monte Nfulayong Kie-Ntem Gran Meseta Kien-Ntem Monte Eborangong Monte Manduma Litoral Monte Mitra (1.200 m) Monte Machinda Monte Bata (600 m) Sierra Cristal Monte Bindung Plataforma de Mongouba Wele-Nzas Piedra Nzas (1.200 m) Monte Yengan Monte Nsork Monte Nsama Monte Mokoga Monte Oveng Cuadro 2: Principales ríos por región
Volume VI - Annexes 147-196