Declaration of Judge Koroma

Document Number
106-20041215-JUD-01-02-EN
Parent Document Number
106-20041215-JUD-01-00-EN
Document File
Bilingual Document File

481

DECLARATION OF JUDGE KOROMA

While I concur with the Court’s findings in the operative paragraph of
the Judgment, I nevertheless consider it important to stress the following.
What the Court was asked to determine and has, in fact, ruled on
during this phase of the proceedings is the issue of jurisdiction.

The Applicant, the Government of Serbia and Montenegro, requested
the Court, inter alia, to adjudge and declare in respect of its jurisdiction
ratione personae.
At the oral proceedings, Canada requested the Court to adjudge and
declare that it lacked jurisdiction because the Applicant had abandoned
all the grounds of jurisdiction originally specified in its Application pur-

suant to Article 38, paragraph 2, of the Rules and had identified no alter-
native grounds of jurisdiction. In the alternative, Canada requested the
Court to adjudge and declare that the Court lacked jurisdiction over the
proceedings brought by the Applicant against Canada on 29 April 1999
on the basis of the purported declaration of 25 April 1999.

Thus, neither Party called upon the Court to uphold its jurisdiction or
asserted that it was entitled to enter into the merits of the case, but rather
requested it to decide on its jurisdiction and to determine whether, as a
matter of law, the Applicant was entitled to bring a claim before the
Court. This Judgment is the response to the question about jurisdiction.

As the Court has stated (para. 37), the function of a decision of the Court
on its jurisdiction in a particular case is solely to determine whether or
not it may entertain the case on the merits and not to make any deter-
mination on substantive issues. The Court is obliged to discharge this
function before entering into the merits of a case. Moreover, this function

to decide on its jurisdiction is both primary and imperative. It is at one
and the same time both determined and limited by the Charter of the
United Nations and the Statute of the Court. The Court cannot emanci-
pate itself from this statutory requirement. It is therefore not only in con-
formity with the Statute of the Court but also by the force of logic that
the point of departure for the Court in responding to that question would

have to be the determination of its jurisdiction ratione personae.
It is within this paradigm that the Judgment should be understood: as
a decision by the Court on its jurisdiction, without any position being
taken on the merits of the dispute.

(Signed) Abdul G. K OROMA .

56

Bilingual Content

481

DECLARATION OF JUDGE KOROMA

While I concur with the Court’s findings in the operative paragraph of
the Judgment, I nevertheless consider it important to stress the following.
What the Court was asked to determine and has, in fact, ruled on
during this phase of the proceedings is the issue of jurisdiction.

The Applicant, the Government of Serbia and Montenegro, requested
the Court, inter alia, to adjudge and declare in respect of its jurisdiction
ratione personae.
At the oral proceedings, Canada requested the Court to adjudge and
declare that it lacked jurisdiction because the Applicant had abandoned
all the grounds of jurisdiction originally specified in its Application pur-

suant to Article 38, paragraph 2, of the Rules and had identified no alter-
native grounds of jurisdiction. In the alternative, Canada requested the
Court to adjudge and declare that the Court lacked jurisdiction over the
proceedings brought by the Applicant against Canada on 29 April 1999
on the basis of the purported declaration of 25 April 1999.

Thus, neither Party called upon the Court to uphold its jurisdiction or
asserted that it was entitled to enter into the merits of the case, but rather
requested it to decide on its jurisdiction and to determine whether, as a
matter of law, the Applicant was entitled to bring a claim before the
Court. This Judgment is the response to the question about jurisdiction.

As the Court has stated (para. 37), the function of a decision of the Court
on its jurisdiction in a particular case is solely to determine whether or
not it may entertain the case on the merits and not to make any deter-
mination on substantive issues. The Court is obliged to discharge this
function before entering into the merits of a case. Moreover, this function

to decide on its jurisdiction is both primary and imperative. It is at one
and the same time both determined and limited by the Charter of the
United Nations and the Statute of the Court. The Court cannot emanci-
pate itself from this statutory requirement. It is therefore not only in con-
formity with the Statute of the Court but also by the force of logic that
the point of departure for the Court in responding to that question would

have to be the determination of its jurisdiction ratione personae.
It is within this paradigm that the Judgment should be understood: as
a decision by the Court on its jurisdiction, without any position being
taken on the merits of the dispute.

(Signed) Abdul G. K OROMA .

56 481

DÉCLARATION DE M. LE JUGE KOROMA

[Traduction]

Je souscris aux conclusions que la Cour énonce dans le dispositif de
l’arrêt, mais j’estime néanmoins qu’il importe de souligner ce qui suit.
La question qu’il était demandé à la Cour de trancher dans cette phase
de la procédure — et qu’elle a effectivement tranchée — est celle de sa
compétence.

Le demandeur, le Gouvernement de la Serbie-et-Monténégro, a notam-
ment prié la Cour de statuer sur sa compétence ratione personae .

Lors de la procédure orale, le Canada a demandé à la Cour de dire et
juger qu’elle n’a pas compétence parce que le demandeur a abondonné
tous les chefs de compétence initialement définis dans sa requête confor-

mément au paragraphe 2 de l’article 38 du Règlement et n’a pas indiqué
de chefs de compétence subsidiaires. A titre subsidiaire, le Canada a
demandé à la Cour de dire et juger qu’elle n’a pas compétence pour
connaître de l’action engagée par le demandeur contre le Canada le
29 avril 1999 sur la base de la prétendue déclaration du 25 avril 1999.

Aucune des Parties n’a donc demandé à la Cour de se déclarer compé-
tente ni soutenu qu’elle était habilitée à examiner l’affaire au fond; les
Parties ont au contraire invité la Cour à statuer sur sa compétence et à
déterminer si le demandeur était, en droit, fondé à ester devant elle. Le
présent arrêt constitue la réponse à cette question de la compétence.

Comme la Cour l’a dit (par. 37), lorsqu’elle se prononce sur sa compé-
tence dans une affaire déterminée, c’est uniquement pour décider si elle
peut connaître de cette affaire au fond et non pour trancher des questions
de fond. La Cour est tenue de s’acquitter de cette tâche avant d’aborder
l’examen de l’affaire au fond. De surcroît, la tâche consistant ainsi à se

prononcer sur sa compétence est à la fois primordiale et impérative. Elle
est tout à la fois prévue et circonscrite par la Charte des Nations Unies et
par le Statut de la Cour. La Cour ne saurait s’affranchir de cette prescrip-
tion statutaire. C’est donc non seulement pour se conformer à son Statut
mais aussi pour obéir à la logique que la Cour devait au départ, afin de
répondre à cette question, statuer sur sa compétence ratione personae.

C’est ce principe qui préside à l’interprétation de l’arrêt: la Cour se
prononce sur sa compétence sans adopter la moindre position sur le fond
du différend.

(Signé) Abdul G. K OROMA .

56

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Declaration of Judge Koroma

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