ns-·1.1:9.3 2.1.1:::::.. __ _ :2nn::!
~.-·· .. --.-.-...
Annexe to BHY ~~J_: ...:.__;__
_____ )_,..".,---- __August 19 93
TO: The Judges of the International Court of ~ustice
:te ?eace ?alace.
:'!:a.--iague,
T!"le::e-rherlanàs ..
YOUREXCELLENCIES:
: ::ereby a.mend:
"Jt=:- Second :-:tecruest :nèication )f ?~cvisional
:-!.easures o:i ':'he Secc-nd 2:equest:" : ;
( ~) . =Jur C·U"Cstanà!nc; ;!eques~ -ill :.mmeàiat:e ~:ear::--.- -::he
3~c=n~ Reques~ :y ~~e ~ou=::
':4). -:·ur- .:::-equest:.~ade en ,..·ecinesciay --l,th.:.ugus-c 2 ]93. !or ill
i1741lediate ~:rder ·..ihou-: :-:ea.ring ':lursuan't. ::) cur ~econd.
~ecc.est :1, acco=dance '.-.'it.;rticle -:'5(1; of :~e :=:ul~ çr:
tt.e =~te~natic~al CcurL ct ;~stice:
-~ ;ubmtcting ~hat ~n additicn ~~ ~he jurisdic:iona ~ases thac
~ave already been se~ tor~h, ~~~ Caurt'3 :u=isdic~ion is also
;rounàeè i:J. a :.et: te;-dated 3th :-.me 1.992. 3igned by Slcbodan
>!ilosev1c ::.nd :·!ami;:' 3ulatovic, :~e :res pee:::?e ?:-esident:s at
Se.rbi a and !1on'tenegro (Ru.mp Y!lgos.l.avl a) . :'!'le .!.e::-ce:s ::!.ddressed
tc ~r. ~ebert 3adinter, ~~e ~res1den-c ~~ ~he Ar~itration
C:cnunis s:. en of the Ca nt erence on ·~·.. :avoia •
t
.-1t?aragra.ph 3 of -:::::e j__e"t-:er i.s an :.lnequivccal accept:ance or the
jur::.sdic-:::.onof th.e I:rcerr:.at:icnal Cou:.-: of Justice over all legal
~isputes ~etween :~e former Yugcs!av ~epu~:ics. and SerDla ana
•,~cm::eneç= : ::m:p ~ë'ngosl: :1v.i
~he :-ea.scns fer :::he -~sser-r:.::::: :f :he ~dditiona! ~asis
~·-
,:;ur:sdi;::"-::.ccan ::e .:ound ;.~ -:he :;.-r:L:ar:hed >!emora.ndurn, ·..:hi ch_:;.
herecy :::ccrpora~ed =Y =eference ~nd :naae c..n .::.;::.teara?art":
t~is cc~munica~io~.
:~espect:ru :l:submi tted by.
Francis A. Boyle
P=cfessor of Internat1onal Law
General Agent for the Republic of
Bosnia and Herzegovina before
the International court of
Justice..•• '5"!!1;;.u1-i7lJ ·:·oL~G EF.U.11· ::: 00.'_1
'$ll .20 S:IQl!!IO
3S•.-:.=i.;.ci"-·o COLlECE·~ _Aîô :aJou
J/q
J'( {-
SlJM}.fAR.YOF -~GIDŒNT
'fug-u:davia(Ser.nd Munu;:m;JP) !UAo;.;;.:;hcCuuiL'!jurisJi~ uu;r..ui~r
.-\Itic36(1}crveraiLe~ alSPutes&tweea thesix formeYugos.lavRc-puoiiç:;
arisingirom theDissolution uE ·:ugosl.:::::::..#.
:::31 March 193 Bosru.i:ierzegovinasubDli.to thCDun a copy orJ
:::uer u.a8.Juuc1992.::u.i!.lrcuJ1c?:::::::utmÙlcAl:Uiual.iComntisswn
~itheInternationalConie:encefe: ?::acein ':u;oslavia. ThWil.sent .!.'la
.>...eb. Mr.Momir Bulutovic?residenci:.iRe...blie oi Monte...r.lOci
:.tr.Sloboéac.Miloscvie. ?r;su.1cntR.cpuC.of Seri:lia..
~tison tneoasis of tb:ù iettel:Sosnia-Her ub.~itvrarthis ;:::surt'
.:nri.~; d~ncr11mitnc.ii~.œ er.'~\inderLieGenocide Convention. 3yus
dccia.rari.oJune8. 1992.:''.l~o (Seiba.aidMon~n~~o na:; ~t.:t t:e?l~
Coutt' s iw:i.sdinvcJ·il;_ e,o\ltCc:."tela.nyoi the s:iorntcr
'iug:osiavRc;ouolicsa..'ircr:J th:::{sso.iu:::.:)c. cton.er ·;·..:~as:2.zvia.
::1August. 1991. .ë-urooe C:~mmnunny and ;..s member su.gree.dto
.:onv~ an.tnternauon:uJT".ren•rerPe.a n~Yugœ.~.a -nusa.ome:~ce \l.'?S
_,trr:rh~tht":flTI':(1Mrthr'\hYn~nl:î~ t•e!i'ltnthhlî~e.~id enthe
FederalGovernmentof YUiOS1a'r1he presjd.:oitheEC Council. amithe
::::p!c~c ou h. atiC ocmsissioand:!tEC m~mbcs rtat t csta.li:ihw.
·:!!bitmtcommi:;5ion, iG-.ownus.Btlciirrrbitratiafter its Pre:Sl.Cient.
:\1onsteur RobB:~d:n :S :fc:um tor ti~ieormer Yugoshvi:m re~ubl tics
resoive any dlffe1'earising. froth~ :..issurlllcicmYul;(lslavi.::~~'-~';l! e:ere.ac.e
Yugosiavia ArbirratCommiUJon: OpintonsonQ;1~Sf1 Aonst lrom r.hP
DlsuJlunnno.··ugosiav1a_!1LL.:.-L 1488 (1992).
On .May-18.1992.:.he1,;0airof the Cunù::ŒncÎùiP~~, i;Yeu~u:s.la"i.a.
Lo.n:i JJ:ringt.On.requc.stcdthe Commssopinion on.thrquestions. The
questions were:
1····------~ 1:/213/9'3'21i2,1,1 1,1i8 COLLEGEOF L-1.w· 4ioo_;,
BS~dUv<! Qdvo ---COLI..!OF[Uli ~01!
3/1
"1 ~IntcnnSof internationalistheF=dtmùR=publicuf
Yuzoslavia a new Stcal. oriecoeruùonbythe Member StaŒ.s
of the EuroPeanCommuniryin accorda'N.ihhe.jcinl st.au:mlcuLuu
Yugoslavia and tGuidelinesothe recognition of new states in
Ea~;t Eumopeandin theSevie[Unionadoptebythe Councilof the
EuropeanC(lmmunitie\n 16Dcc::ember991?
·2 ~tnit n~ininn Nn 1 ofNovcmber1991 theArbitraûon ·
r.nmmiR-w ~i~nfthenpinirit.h;ttthe SF(wao;in thproe:ss
of dissolution·. Can this dissolmion now ha~rŒmplete?d
3 ~l:this is c.ase,nwhat basia":dy wbat me.a~;holnth~
pmblem' of the !iUccessionof state.betweenthdiffe:rent
states emerging t'rom theSb~settled"1 LL.M. 1:)18. 195
(1YY2).
Thett!-nfth ~hn::qm•_o;;wnl:~.~ntnthepre.o:;i'fthe Republics oî
BosrùaandHenego\oinaCroa~ Maacedonia.MonŒnegroSerbiaand Sluvcttia
anù ltheprc..siùeofythF~eri &publicofYl)_~os aliovwbam, werc
asked. to send a statcmr::nt :scttit~rm.s·inr.phctlcrpositiocs on
;::achof tlu-equestions.
4.
Yugoslavia (Serbia and Montenegro) chal.lenged the Arbitration
Commission'scompe.renon thesth.reqt1estiposedby the chairmatome
Commission through taforememioneletter daSeJune1992.The r.vo
presidenmade the followipoims:
" 1,FR Yugo.slavisnot ia;:co'-Ni.heideathat the
.Ju"bitratCommi~.i aÎthoad,isory organ of the Conference on
Yu~osla vhlal.,v~ its opin.i.tho~;tters lliinyou.r
lt:tlc:r.
The m<1Illl.: thEu.ru~ ConllHUIÛtas we.ll cfthe
bodieso~ra.û un~l.etLa.w;p of l:::~u.fcr chu~l;Ce:.s
was stated in the BDeclaratiolupruviùci:eis.Î:andau
facilitarethe proof negotiationberwe::parti t~lh:;.:unni~L
2. Ir .isthe principled positiYugc~laR vhaaU
questtootnvolvedtn the oversettlemenofthe Yui;!oslavcrhiis
shouldberesoJved!nan azreementbecweenFR Yugosla.vand all
the fonner Yugoslavrepublics.
3. FR YHen~1: hwh1aheviewthst ali legal dispwhfch
C'.:mnhP.S<:':thyagr~men tetweenFR Yugo~lav adathe
f~rm( Yu.eMI~ rt>:rn ~hoiuhedtken totheInternational
Court ·Of Jllst::t1h~rinr jrliil~rlanof the United
Nations. ·
2fJS/l.'J.t10:22 COLLEGEOF U.II ~00.)
ll/08'Cil H:.lG "8'l20 G20HSQ ~016
l1/1
Accordi lnrin~.ew (Ithetact thali tissuesraised in
your!etter are olt:gRI n11FR Yue()~l p:npi!iehacin the
event thagreementis not reaca~no nhgpanicipantîn t.he
c:ouferenee, these questions béAdjudieateby the
International CourtJusticein accordanwithitsStatute."
(cmphasis added)
The Badinter Commissionde.te.nnnl an intt:rlncdf'..c tha~iinas
competentto reply to thequestandrespondedo the questionsin opinions8, 9,
and 10.Opii'Zio8, 9aridJOoftht BadirutCummil-sic31 l.L.M. 1488, 15215
(1992).
s. TheRepublic cBo:: ~ndiHerzegovina.submits th1s uncquivoçsl
statement, made bYugo.slav(Sdrbiand. ontenegro)is unconditioruù,
immediate, and bind.ing aueptance jurisdictofthe Tnr~r11: C::nrtion:~l
Jnsrirnw.r ::~.t dli~epfa.ri.~i\ngtheYugoslavcrisis. The declaration
includesanacŒptaneeoftheCourt'sjurisd.icVItiresp tul~~l;l:;~;èuÙc::i
rt::lat.u1.1;:·eeqùe:stionsposc:.d,includi..ai.s!uesaris1from
probloms of sts.tc succcss:on tUnongsùccessor sUites.
6. The dec1ar3.tionis Ul'WI1is languagandintent. Yugoslavia (Serbia
and Montenegro) refustoa.c.c.eptComm.iuion'authonty to rrsoJlr.g~tl
disputeS bf":NiMh~:pn:lC'tri."ine:f•the disol~tio ,Dut di d .gree o ac cet th ec
Coun's jwisdictionoversuchdisputes.In rerrnsof contcxt.the dew~ara.tion
formoù. public :ilal.tm~S1J0.iw1lhècha...rillinternational arbitration, on
theproperforum for resolutioa dcfincdset of isbctwecn udefined set of
parues.As such, it n~Mot bedismisseas: ~ener3policy~tatem wei1not
binding effect.
"ltStatA by 1tconduct inauces in Htthebelief, whkhi~Hct.ed
upon,that Statewilac.cept, ar wilconte-.t,ljnri~cti ir.tinn
State brings certaiissubeto.re tCourt fodecisionrhenSt:Ht>:
A ought not to be permitted, s:ub,equently. tjurisdictiorl
of lhe Court when that issue h: brought befortÙl'e Court
decision.SHA.BTAIRosENNETHE LAw AND PRACTIC OP~T"di
INTERNATIONALCOURT 3~2 (2od .rev.1~8. 5)
.Bosruaand Hene.govina, thE".inteTn -tnrminnty:lr~elreasanably
relied ome declaration asaccepLancef the Court's junsdicùon re~pe tcl
ailli:!galdi,vuu::; l.ùtc l't=,P.s.isingfrom the Yugosl<1vcrisis.08/l3<'9J 10:23 '8'21i2H l-li8 COLLEGE OF L-I.W.
--------------------- '-
11/0S '$13 li: 10 '5'31 20 620l!50 BS,vciBl:vdP ad.....;_ COLU:GEOF U.W ~011
S/1
. . ..
7, Internationallaw does notrequadhc~n tc ny set fonn opruu:durc
for a .suu.sûhlt=r.alùcdl:IDiuoc1eata legallyb.indioblige.tion.More
speçincally: "[t]hare no formarequitementfor aninternationagreement
conferringjurisdietio:oontheCourt,andthe Courthasdeliberatelykepl this aspect
tilisti.cas pm ofgeneralpolicofhci!itatinretou r~the juclicialprocess.
The important thingithttheCourt ~hcm lr~iRtiM iatth.pratle.are in
agreement lhat it shoulddecideease.andnothowthar agreement is ex.prcssed.
Infact misquestiowillonlyaristof [siun~ urùu: loJl:Islioulchallen,eethe
juâsdictlon of the Court on the ground that no such acxi~mea.proccss for
which a special procedure is cstnblished.• Ros:ENNE, TltS WOtu.D
11
COtJRT:WH.Ao .T Js4t-..i-Iow.ITWoRKS,85{4thed. 1989).·Whenit is the
intc:1tionthe State makillg the declaration that it shouJd beeac:c.ord1ng
to îrterms,tharint~nr rioonnfl~htltier.laratinnthe charofta legal
und.ettaking. the State beine;thenceÏonh~qWn:ly o folluw aWlilliof
comlucL cunsi:sLwlLiÙlctlecl;u-al~.N14deùrTt!.s(France v. Ar.t.stralta,) 1974
I.C.J. 25:\ 267Seealsoarticl2(2),3 a.nd11 oth ~;icnnConvention onthe
Law of Treaties, U.N. Doc. A/Conf. 39/27 c.t289 (1Inthe NuclearTast
c:ISe'Francwas found toh!.vmade a lesallbindingpromisewhen itissued a
publicpress releaannouncingitsintention ceasenuC'J.ee-.stinAfr~ te
~r.atem Francr.wasboundto actin a consistemanner with itannounced
intentions. The Coun in Nuclear TescustI'I!Q Uwo~uta.iuelemcatfor a
ÙC~..:l Labesbilnidiun.h~ statmalci.the declaratioa:public statcmcnt
and a.intent tbe bound.Thcsc unil.atcrdcclnrcdobligc:tionsdnot require
nny response or reply from other sutes in order for the decl:1n.tion to take effect.
Once a unilaterdeclarationlmad~ .is subject to the obligation of good faith
pertcrmance similar tht.doc-.tof p.n.cnmr sP.rmminfnr tre:uperformance.
rd.t'26~-
8. ThcJune 8 declaration wilpublir:iliilo;tJJJa!u11~qui Îlintani
u:tÎJç plc:,c~I:a:etl1eNuckar TtJtcase. The June 8 dccla.rWllSprovidcd
toth~ çhairmo.Qf th ~:dinteCommis:~ Yugonh.i.:l (Serbi3 and Montenegro)
knew and intended thitwould befreelycirculated '8.lllongthe members of the
4 ü8i!J/9:J lü:::!J 'B'::!li 2-14 1H8 COLLEGEOF U.W
i4OOi
'.. llJOI'.OJH: ~0 '5'31 20 $20l5SO BS,vdlU.vdadl:'...COU.Ec:EOF L\W ~OlS
6/1
Ccmnùssioa. th ~uropeanCommunity) andthe internationalcommunity at large.
In factit wa.the intentionof Yugo:s(. crbiai.Montenegro) tcinfonn ;ùl
involvedofitsnowo.ccep o~tneBe.dinteCommission'srulings :aitssole
:a.cceptanefthejurisdictionof the Inttma.tionaofoJustice averullesal
disputes arising from Yugosiaveri.sis.
9. !he iangu anhe~Jun 8~deClaratireferred to ÙleInternational Court of
Justicas lhe "principal juù.icialù.rganof thNationiŒYsu.;~::üavia(Serbia
and Montcncço) did .soi:naùngthat tho:yhnot~grc totbe cornpctcn.cof
the Ba.dinterCommissîonoverlegadisputeThis referenceto the superior
authority of Court, thereforcmeao.ic buttress thstateposition that any
legal disputes wehenΠforwardlobe submitrrto theCourt; nnt merely tthe
rwn ref'nh mliht!;~.mitsuch dispuŒs at tdiscretion.
10. Having denied thc.:ompelctufÙtc ComJui: sy~i~ucept tie11.~
jurisdictionof the Court,Yugosl(ScrbiaandMonttncgro)would new denyits
acc.cptano;to evade any forumf~solut of hns.edisputes.
11. Thiscourt has acknowledscd tjurisdiçtion undc:rArt~6(1 may be
acceptedby communiqu!· In thAegea1Sea.case, Gt'eetiledan appl.ic.aticnwïth
the .CJcontending thabeth c.auntrhAdconsentedt.nthjurisdictioof rhe
Court basedon a joincommuniquéissued.by thPrime?'1-finisrs~'~:c aml
Turkt::yiBrussels uMa y 31;·:J97Ae:.o!{urtConti11e11thdf Cas' (Grt:-e'=
v,Turkcy), 1978I.C.J. 4The unsîgnedcommuniqué wasissucddirccùy tothe
pre ·d~r:ga presscon{çrçnccfollowio.ne:gctintisessiodun·ngnngoin.gcuui
unrc:soh•ednegociationsover theirterms()ja .specialagbetureen the two
states to submit the continlhclf disputtheocourt. ThcommuniquA ~T~TP.rl:
[11he twoPrim ~ ini..t..ctc\dedthathoseproblemsshould be
resolvepe.ac.et1.lyme~n tfn:~gnTi: anrl:nre~ardsto the
conlinenrasht.of rhe Aegean !\hythe International Court at The
.Hague. They de~. dhege.neralneo-n.thh~:.o~f isichthe
torthcomingmeetingsof t.representativoftherwo gcwemment~
would take place.
Id.ar40-41. The two PrimeMinister.also decitodconsideLheopinionsof
~ cont".f'.rgelc:onrinentalshinconjunction wifUrthenegoti.ati.o.d.
ar4~.
s 08l!J:9J 10:2-l fi21ï 2-1-1lHS COLLEGEOF U.W
----------'. ..····--............................. [40...
· 11/0'Dl li•il 1t3120 620JSSQ BS.~dS,Vd aPvo ~~ CO~C~ OF LAW !f019
11r
\2. The Court starteitanalysisby lookina.thecfrcumstanŒ:;~urrowuling·
the communiqué.Id. aL42. Aft.aJtaly:Liù:lcontc:ncircumstancesand
inlCTt u rUhc:,uticstheICJheld tharthe communiquédid.not indica8.0
intcnt by the Tu.rkgovernmcntto wzconditionalsubmititsdispute to the Io.s
the dispute wa.sto be submittedjoil'd-onlyaftcr-bcthparties.hadconcluded
their negotiationswith agreemupcm the wrms ofthecomprom1s.unde.r
negotiations. Bernuse t.for.emention.~\11:..~na lnd~fn~her.negotiati.ons
had notyet takcn place, theCourt foundthat Orccce'sapplicatioprem:uur~::.
Id.ar 44.
13. The Iw1cB: declarationisO.istinguisharomthejoint communiqué in
term:sof contçnt, the circumstancesof icsissunnce,\Uldthe subsequentpra.cti.Œof
the parties. In te.nncontentLhelanguageof the June 8 declaratiostrongly
and unequivoc:ally stated. language in tAegecrnSeac~s w::n~~sir :It:r
de.fininor asforŒful.MorMv~ he.AP.gP.n. tcommunique was notsi.gneor
initialeby either Prime 1-ofin.r.978I.C.J.39. AlthoughArlidt:11 ofù1c
Vienn<1Cunvcnùuu vu !rea~ cl~ not.rc:quisignature for international
a,a.teementto binilic pa.ni:s, thethatbethpresident~ign thdJune 8
dcel!tation is fu:"rvidence of the fonn:ùitthf~ocumentand the intention of
the partietobe bound byit.The:re is $Uggestioof 1ny conditiQnon titis
acceptance. l1$a formrulde-.clarfp,bicstAtement .ilccig jurisdictionmeÏ
· C:nnn nver a defined·setof is(allegalissueinvolYedinthe averalsenl~menl
of the Yugoslav crisibetwt;.<1ùeii.n;:>ofpar·ûes (Yu1!,osl(Serbia and
Muntcuegro) and thefonner Yueoslavrcpubl i ~)uch,itis ncithca gcn;rul
policystarcmcnt nor generalaccc.pt!lof the Court's jurisdicover:illegal
disputes "irelatioto anyathersuteacceptingthe sam.obligation.,.
14.. ln terrnof the circurrutaasurtOlltldingi.~:c; themJmœe8
de.cb\ra.riw:~ (reJ;. p.t.r;especifiequestioinforma! internaùonal
arbitratioproceediniSconductedbyth=:Conf~n ur.n~c:eiu.~u_gos1avia
Aruiln!.tirluUJutlssion.
Thus it was aforma1-stn.tcmcof thelegal posiûonof Yugoslavia(Serbia.and
Montencgro) on the international forum 3.ccepteashaving exclusive
jurisdiction ovthelegaldisputes delin.!.a.ted.thecommuniq iuthe
6 ..
OS/lJ .9J 10: :!5 'a:!li2-l-l Ui8 COLLEGE OF L\W ·(19J
.. 11/0S'1)311: U 'UJl 20 6::IOJS5P BS.~4H~V~ QdVO ••- ~ULLh~~Ur ~" ~u.:v
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Atgeu.nSeu cas ~lw a.IIOa ~~ncr JJult.yLalcm buuat.mutcdiateand
unqualificdcommitmcntto thejurisdictionof the Court.·In contrast,
communicationspriortoand subsequentothe communiquéin theAcgcar.Sca cnse
suggestedthat the questionsinvolvedhad notbeenclarifiethathe
communiqué was one stepirthecontinumgprocess of negotiationof a speci:tl
i'igrt"L:mth~no: t.nr!n,r.·~nimmediareandunqualificdcomminnem tc
accepLthe submissionof tdisputeto the CourtunilarerbylApplication.1978
I.C.J. at43. While requesttheCourt t~xc:r jcrssition Înthe cas.;:,the
Greek governmenteven admittedthat anothagreemenwas ncccs"uy to csLablish
the tcrms prior to ndjudicntion InternationCourt of Jtce.Id.:lt11-1.
Because the issues wcre far Ïrom cleCounthfoundthat Turl:::eynot
consenttoadjudication w1thfurtheragreementsthawctlldoutlinTht'dispnr~..t:i
i.~sue~.
15. ln tanand r.:ontetheJune Sdeçl~r idliiill.mdcnlicaltthe.
standardlanguageut:ili.ttrcaticsby whicthe parties agree to subrnit ail legal
dispu mte:I~gundcr the rc.lotreP-to'the Courifthe issues cnnnot be
resolvedbyagreement.Yugoslavia(Serb ani~Montenegro)'acceptanceof the
jurisdiction of the 1nte:mationaJCcurtce wasnotconlingent upolate:r
:::~zrf 'ute.m:inmte.ri1arlffectiupon i~suan The .ecla.rati.on
establisheby tt,Conferenc'-Tas thefinal sr.ageof ne goti atio:pr iorto adj udica tic
of any urucsolvclc~ a:lsuesythe InternatioCourtof Justice.
16. The formality th ~ntcrn=.ti.alrbitrationproeçss inco.se.nnother
àistinguishif~ct ohe Jener was.form:ùstatementto the international
community generalland to the ether foiYugos.lavia".publicspecific.ally.
TI1e for~1tynf tt': prn~erl~in wh~h the letter was issueddîstribured
àernonstrates the bindingnarurhe obligationtheimerna.ticncommunüy.
17. Suu~c4u wrumLuuu.i. ~dLp.ucti.a,;also.relevantdemonstrating
the bindinnatureoftheJune 8declaratioln Temple of Preah Vihca(C<rmbodio.
v.Thc.iland). 196ll.C.9, 22the Courtlookedat the context subsequent
circumstancesu:roundingaThai declaratitodctcnninethatThailandîntende.d
to give thCourtjurisc!ic'.rion.AlsoAe.gMtlSP.C"..'!:.~v cnrmm:unlicar.inn~
enrered intevidencecomradictedthe Grcckgovc:rnmenimeiJlreta:tuf lhe
j08/13/93 10:::!5 '5'21i2.1-4 UiS COLLEGE OF U.ll'
11108'Ol H: U '%!'~0 6203SS51 S.S.vcmtvad'l".:...... COUJ;;CE OF U.W ·
éJ/1.
commuoiq 11~~.~~:uuuuwû. icdc.t:dta.Tuukcy had exprcssed
r~luct aohavc the dispute immediarely heard by the court. The Court
considered thesc etwritingta interpret Turkey's intent. The inconsistency of
the statements caused Ùlecoufind thaTurkey did not inrendacceptthe
jurisdictioftheltlternarioConrt ofJn~ti q7RLC.J. at 44.
1R. In thicasethereare nocommunicationtsatconrradicinŒqm;liiliuu ll•c
1
letter C:\CC~L uatm;CuurlS jul'isdiccYu~osla (vcbaa and
Montenegro) contc:stcdae~ce of jurisdictonlywhcn callcdupon to
·rc.lpond to Applicnnt's sUl.temcntai jurisdiction in the oral arguments on
prelimio3l)' relief. This position, isnot acceptable under international
law:"lw Jhen consenhasbe.egiv~ ln.naynetb~withdrawn, at \eastanother
.'liitAta:!ed onthebasis t:he:andbasinstitutproceedîngsbeforethe
Court SH~ABTAIRosENNE.THE LAW AN'OPF..Acnceor ~ !N-rfR.I"''ATIONAL
CoURt. 322 (2nd rev. cd. 1985).
19. Inshor ttedeclarationithisç~ç .iffcr.sfrth.on the ..iegean Sa.ac:lSe
in vi.rtually every reThecICJ should fied, after analyzcontentand
circumswces of the Jun~letter thitis an immeaiate atmmnriitinn~l
cornmitment byYn.e;ml (~erîaaandMontenegro)rosubrniailunrcsolvcdlegal
disputes arising from the YugoslavtotheCourt'sjurbùicliuu.
8
Amendment to the Application and to the Second Request for the Indication of Provisional Measures submitted by the Government of the Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina