Order of 14 March 1956

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025-19560314-ORD-01-00-EN
Document Type
Date of the Document
Document File
Bilingual Document File

IKTERNATIONAL COCRT OF JUSTICE

REPORTS OF JUDGMENTS,
ADVISORY OPINIONS AND ORDERS

AERIAL INCIDENT OF MARCH lOth,1953

(UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
v. CZECHOSLOVAI(1A)

ORDER OF MARCH i4th, 1956

COUR INTERNATIONALE DE JUSTICE

RECUEIL DES ARRÊTS,
AVIS CONSULTATIFS ET ORDONNANCES

INCIDENT AÉRIEN DU 10 MARS 1953
(ETATS-UNIDS'ARIERIQU E.TCHECOSLOVAQUIE)

ORDONNANCE DU 14 MARS 1956 This Order should be cited as follow:

"Aerial incident of Marcroth, 1953,
Order ofMarch qth, 1956 : I.CJ. Reports 1956,9. 6."

La présente ordonnance doit êtrecitée comme suit :

(Incident aériendztIO mars 1953,
Ordonnance du 14 mars 1956 : C. I. J. Recueil 1956p. 6.1)

salesnuder 144 1
NO de vente : IXTERNATIOXAL COURT OF JUSTICE

xc,.jo
hlarciltli YEAR 1956
GeneraList:
Ko.-15 March14th, 1956

AERIALINCIDENTOF MARCH IOth, 1953

(UKITED STATES OFAMERICA

7'. CZECHOSLOVAKIA)

OKDER

Present: Vice-Presiderzt BADAWI,Acting President; President
HACKWOR TJudges BASDEVANW T,INIARSKK I,LAESTAD,

READ, HSC MO, A4~~~~~-U~~~ K,OJEV~IKOV S'i,r
Muhammad ZAFRULLK AHAN,Sir Hersch LAUTERPACHT,
MORENO QVIKTANA C,ORDOV ;Registrar LOPEZOLIVAX.

The International Court of Justice,
composed as above,

after deliberation,

having regard to Articles 36 and of the Statute of the Cou;t

Makes thefollowing Order:

Whereas on March 29th, 1955, the Ambassador of the Lnited
States of America to the Netherlands filedin the Registry an Appli-
cation dated March 22nd, 1955, and signed by the Agent of the
Government of the United States of America instituting proceed-
ings before the Court against the Government of the Czechoslovak
Kepublic on account of "certain wrongful acts committed by MIG-
type aircraft from Czechoslovakia within the United States zone of
occiil~ation in Germany on MarcIO,1953" ;7 AERI,\L INCIDEST OF MARCH 10th, 1953 (ORDER OF 14 III56)

Whereas the Application was duly communicated by the Registry
on March 29th. 1955, to the Minister of the Czechoslovak Republic
to the Netherlands ;

Whereas the Application was also duly communicated by the
Registry to the Members of the Vnited Nations, through the
Secretary-General of the Vnited Sations, and to the other States
entitled to appear before the Court ,

M'hereas the Application contains the following paragraphs :

"The United States Government, in filing this application with
the Court, submits to the Court's jurisdiction for the purposes of
this casc. The Czechoslovak Governmcnt appears not to have filed
any declaration with the Court thus far, although it was invited
to do so bu the United States Government in the note annexed
hereto. The Çzechoslovak Government, however, is qualified to
submit to the jurisdiction of the Court in this matter and may
upon notification of this application; the Kegistrar, in accordance
with the Kules of the Court, take the necessary steps to enable
the Court's jurisdiction over both parties to the dispute to be

confirmed.
The Lnited States Golrer~iment thus founds the jurisdiction of
this Court on the forcgoing considerations and on Article 36 (1)of
the Statute."

IVhereas the noteannexed to the Application, which wasaddressed
on August 18th, 1954, by the Government of the United States of
America to the Czechoslovak Government, ends with the following
passage :

"Since it appears that the Czcclioslovak Government has thus far
not filed with that Court any declaration of acceptance of the
compulsory jurisdiction of that Court, the United States Government
invites the Czechoslovak Government to file an appropriate decla-
ration with that Court or to enter into a Special Agreement by
which tlic Court may, in accordance with its Statute and RuIes,
proceed to a dctcrmination of the issues of fact and law which have
been set forth hereiri; and the Lzeclioslovak Governrr~entis requested
to inform the United States Government in the reply to the present
note of its intentions withreslxct to such a declaration or Special
Agreement. "

Whereas in a letter dated May 6th, 1955, from the Minister of the
Czechoslovak Republic in the Netherlands to the Registry itwas

stated that :
"As the Czechoslovak Government has already stated -in its
Notes to the Embassy of the United States of America in Prague
of March 11th and 3oth, 1953, the aerial incident of March ~oth,
1953, occurred above Czechoslovak territory as the result of a
violation of the Czechoslovak air space by American military air-

craft, and al1responsibility therefor lies solupon the Government
of the LTnitedStates of America.S' AERI.4L ISCIDENT OF MARCH 10th, 1953 (ORDER OF 14 III56)

The C'zechoslovakGovernment would obserl-e that the claims
put forward by the Government of the United States in this connec-
tion against Czechoslovakia are without point and that the Appli-
cation purporting to bring this matter before the International
Court of Justicc is totally unfounded. The CzechoslovakGovernment
can see no rcason why this case should be considered by the Inter-
national Court of Justice and regards the Application of the United
States instituting sucli procccdings before the International Court
ofJiisticc as unacceptable."

\Yhereas a certified true copy of the above-mentioned letter was
communicated to the -Agentof the Government of theUnited States
of *\merica on May 7th, 1955 ;
\I7hereas the said letter of Jfay 6th, 1955, does not constitute on
thepart of the Government of Czechoslovakia either the appropriate
declaration or consent to conclude a Special Agreement ;

\Vhereas, in these circumstances, the Court finds that it has not
before it any acceptance by the Government of the Czechoslovak
Republic of the jurisdiction of the Court to deal witn the dispute
ïihich is the subject of the Application submitted to it by the
Government of the L-nited States of America and that therefore it
can take no furthersteps upon this Application ;

orders that the case shall be removed from the list.

]>onein English and French, the English text being authoritative,
at the Peace Palace, The Hague, this fourteenth day of March, one
thouzand nine hundred and fifty-six, in three copies, one of which
n-il1be placed in the archives of the Court andthe others transmitted
to the Government of the United States of America and to the
Government of the Czechoslovak Republic, respactively.

(Signed) A. BADAWI,

Vice-President .

(Signed) J. LOPEZ OLIV~ZN.

Registrar.

Bilingual Content

IKTERNATIONAL COCRT OF JUSTICE

REPORTS OF JUDGMENTS,
ADVISORY OPINIONS AND ORDERS

AERIAL INCIDENT OF MARCH lOth,1953

(UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
v. CZECHOSLOVAI(1A)

ORDER OF MARCH i4th, 1956

COUR INTERNATIONALE DE JUSTICE

RECUEIL DES ARRÊTS,
AVIS CONSULTATIFS ET ORDONNANCES

INCIDENT AÉRIEN DU 10 MARS 1953
(ETATS-UNIDS'ARIERIQU E.TCHECOSLOVAQUIE)

ORDONNANCE DU 14 MARS 1956 This Order should be cited as follow:

"Aerial incident of Marcroth, 1953,
Order ofMarch qth, 1956 : I.CJ. Reports 1956,9. 6."

La présente ordonnance doit êtrecitée comme suit :

(Incident aériendztIO mars 1953,
Ordonnance du 14 mars 1956 : C. I. J. Recueil 1956p. 6.1)

salesnuder 144 1
NO de vente : IXTERNATIOXAL COURT OF JUSTICE

xc,.jo
hlarciltli YEAR 1956
GeneraList:
Ko.-15 March14th, 1956

AERIALINCIDENTOF MARCH IOth, 1953

(UKITED STATES OFAMERICA

7'. CZECHOSLOVAKIA)

OKDER

Present: Vice-Presiderzt BADAWI,Acting President; President
HACKWOR TJudges BASDEVANW T,INIARSKK I,LAESTAD,

READ, HSC MO, A4~~~~~-U~~~ K,OJEV~IKOV S'i,r
Muhammad ZAFRULLK AHAN,Sir Hersch LAUTERPACHT,
MORENO QVIKTANA C,ORDOV ;Registrar LOPEZOLIVAX.

The International Court of Justice,
composed as above,

after deliberation,

having regard to Articles 36 and of the Statute of the Cou;t

Makes thefollowing Order:

Whereas on March 29th, 1955, the Ambassador of the Lnited
States of America to the Netherlands filedin the Registry an Appli-
cation dated March 22nd, 1955, and signed by the Agent of the
Government of the United States of America instituting proceed-
ings before the Court against the Government of the Czechoslovak
Kepublic on account of "certain wrongful acts committed by MIG-
type aircraft from Czechoslovakia within the United States zone of
occiil~ation in Germany on MarcIO,1953" ; 195"
Lc 14 mars
14 mars 1956 R81no25kral

INCIDENT AÉRIEN DU 10 MARS 1953

Présents : M. BADAWI Vice-Présidentfaisalzf fo~zctiotzde Président
en J'aflaire; AfM. H.~CK\YORTHP ,résident; BASDE-
VANT, WIXIARSKI,KI..IEST.ID,RE.ID, HSL-MO,ARMAND-

UGON ,(OJEVNIKOI-, Sir lluhammad ZAFRULLA KHAN,
Sir Hersh LAUTERPACHT) ,III. JIORESCIQYI'IT.IXA,
CORDO\.-I,,Jzr,aes JI. 1-OPEZOLIV~S,Grefier.

I,a Cour internationale de Justice,

ainsi composée,
après délibéré enchambre du coriseii,

vu les articles 36 et $3 du Statut d'e la Cour,

Rend l'ordonnancesuivante :

Considérant que, le 29 mars 1955, I'ambassadei~r des États-unis
d'Amérique aux Pays-Bas a déposéau Greffe une requête datée du
22 mars 1955, signéepar l'agent du Gouvernement des États-unis
d'Amérique, et introduisant devant la Cour une iristance contre le
Gouvernement de la République tchécoslovac~iieailsiijet de(cer-

tains actes domrn?geables commis, le IO mars 105.3,dans la zone
d'occupation des Etats-Unis en Allemagne par des avions du type
MIG, provenant de Tchécoslovaquie »;7 AERI,\L INCIDEST OF MARCH 10th, 1953 (ORDER OF 14 III56)

Whereas the Application was duly communicated by the Registry
on March 29th. 1955, to the Minister of the Czechoslovak Republic
to the Netherlands ;

Whereas the Application was also duly communicated by the
Registry to the Members of the Vnited Nations, through the
Secretary-General of the Vnited Sations, and to the other States
entitled to appear before the Court ,

M'hereas the Application contains the following paragraphs :

"The United States Government, in filing this application with
the Court, submits to the Court's jurisdiction for the purposes of
this casc. The Czechoslovak Governmcnt appears not to have filed
any declaration with the Court thus far, although it was invited
to do so bu the United States Government in the note annexed
hereto. The Çzechoslovak Government, however, is qualified to
submit to the jurisdiction of the Court in this matter and may
upon notification of this application; the Kegistrar, in accordance
with the Kules of the Court, take the necessary steps to enable
the Court's jurisdiction over both parties to the dispute to be

confirmed.
The Lnited States Golrer~iment thus founds the jurisdiction of
this Court on the forcgoing considerations and on Article 36 (1)of
the Statute."

IVhereas the noteannexed to the Application, which wasaddressed
on August 18th, 1954, by the Government of the United States of
America to the Czechoslovak Government, ends with the following
passage :

"Since it appears that the Czcclioslovak Government has thus far
not filed with that Court any declaration of acceptance of the
compulsory jurisdiction of that Court, the United States Government
invites the Czechoslovak Government to file an appropriate decla-
ration with that Court or to enter into a Special Agreement by
which tlic Court may, in accordance with its Statute and RuIes,
proceed to a dctcrmination of the issues of fact and law which have
been set forth hereiri; and the Lzeclioslovak Governrr~entis requested
to inform the United States Government in the reply to the present
note of its intentions withreslxct to such a declaration or Special
Agreement. "

Whereas in a letter dated May 6th, 1955, from the Minister of the
Czechoslovak Republic in the Netherlands to the Registry itwas

stated that :
"As the Czechoslovak Government has already stated -in its
Notes to the Embassy of the United States of America in Prague
of March 11th and 3oth, 1953, the aerial incident of March ~oth,
1953, occurred above Czechoslovak territory as the result of a
violation of the Czechoslovak air space by American military air-

craft, and al1responsibility therefor lies solupon the Government
of the LTnitedStates of America. Considérant que la requête a été dûment communiquée par le
Greffe, le29 mars 1955, au ministre dela République tchécoslo\-aque
aux Pays-Bas ;

Considérant que la requête a, en outre, été dûment communiqu6c
par le Greffe aux Membres des Nations LTnies, par l'entremise

du Secrétaire général des Nations Vnies, ainsi qu'aux autres États
admis à ester en justice devant la Cour ;

Considérant que la requête contient les alidas suivants :
«Le Gouvernement des États-unis, en déposant la préscntr.
requête, déclare accepter la juridiction de la Cour aux fins de la
présente espèce. Il ne semble pas qu'à ce jour Ic Gou\,erncment
tc.hécoslovaque ait déposéune déclaration à la Cour, bien qu'il ait

été invitéà le faire par lc Goii~.crnenient des Etats-Unis dans la
note jointe ci-après en annexe. Le Goiivernernent tchécoslovaq~ie
est, cependant, qiialifiépour reconnaîtrt, la jiiridiction de In Cour cil
l'espèce et il lui est loisible, lorsque lapr6sente rcqii6tc lui sera
notifiée par le Greffier, conforménic~ntail Réglenient de la Cour,
de prendre les dispositions néccssaircs afin que soit confirmée la
juridiction de la Cour à l'egard des deus parties au diffcrend.
Le Gouvernement des Etats-Unis fonde donc la compétericc de
la Coiir sur les considérations qiii prCcédcnt, ainsi cliie sur l'arti-
cle 36 (1) du Statut. »

Considérant que la note annexée A la rccliiête.et adressée par Ic
Gouvernement des Etats-Unis d'Amérique au Gouverneinent tché-
coslovaque le 18 août 1954 se termine par Ir passage suivailt :

« Comme ,le Gouvernement tclii.coslov,ic~iicn'a l)as, semble-t-il,
déposéjusqu'à présent auprès de la Cour une déclaration port.int
acceptation par lui de la jriridiction obligatoire de la Coiir, le Goiiver-

nement des Etats-Unis invite le Gouvernrment tcliécoslo\-aquc à
déposer pr&s la Cour une déclaration appropriée ou à conclurt, uii
comproniis permettant à la ('oiir dSC prorionccr, coiiform6mcnt ;L
son Statut et à soi1 Règlement, sur les points de fait ct <tedroit
énoncésdans la présente notc, ; lc Go~1\c~rnemeiit,tchCcoslo\.;iqiic.
est invit6 à faire connaître au (;oiivcrnemcmt (les Etats-Unis, dans
sa réponse à la présente note. ses intentions ail siilet d'iinc telle
déclaration ou d'lin tel com1)romis. 11

Considérant que, dans une lettre adressée au Greffe le 6 mai 1955
par le ministre de la République tchécoslovaqiie aux Pa'-s-Bas. 11
est dit :

((Comme le Gouvernement tchi.cqslo\-aque l'a déjà déclart: dail.;
ses notes remises à l'ambassade des Etats-L'nis cI'.lmt:ricliàçI'ragiic*
les II et 30 mars 1953, l'incident a6rien di1 IO mars I<)j3 a eu licii
au-dessus du territoire tcliécoslovaq?ie i la siiitt. dc la vio1;ition
de l'espace aérien tchécoslo\~aquc par dcs avions mi1it;~iresam6ri-
cains, et toute la ~esl)onsabilit6 eii revient excliisivemeiit :iri
Gourrernement des Etats-Unis d'.Amérique.S' AERI.4L ISCIDENT OF MARCH 10th, 1953 (ORDER OF 14 III56)

The C'zechoslovakGovernment would obserl-e that the claims
put forward by the Government of the United States in this connec-
tion against Czechoslovakia are without point and that the Appli-
cation purporting to bring this matter before the International
Court of Justicc is totally unfounded. The CzechoslovakGovernment
can see no rcason why this case should be considered by the Inter-
national Court of Justice and regards the Application of the United
States instituting sucli procccdings before the International Court
ofJiisticc as unacceptable."

\Yhereas a certified true copy of the above-mentioned letter was
communicated to the -Agentof the Government of theUnited States
of *\merica on May 7th, 1955 ;
\I7hereas the said letter of Jfay 6th, 1955, does not constitute on
thepart of the Government of Czechoslovakia either the appropriate
declaration or consent to conclude a Special Agreement ;

\Vhereas, in these circumstances, the Court finds that it has not
before it any acceptance by the Government of the Czechoslovak
Republic of the jurisdiction of the Court to deal witn the dispute
ïihich is the subject of the Application submitted to it by the
Government of the L-nited States of America and that therefore it
can take no furthersteps upon this Application ;

orders that the case shall be removed from the list.

]>onein English and French, the English text being authoritative,
at the Peace Palace, The Hague, this fourteenth day of March, one
thouzand nine hundred and fifty-six, in three copies, one of which
n-il1be placed in the archives of the Court andthe others transmitted
to the Government of the United States of America and to the
Government of the Czechoslovak Republic, respactively.

(Signed) A. BADAWI,

Vice-President .

(Signed) J. LOPEZ OLIV~ZN.

Registrar. INCIDENT ÐK▯ RIES Dr IO 3IAHS 1953 (ORD. Dr 14 III 56) 1

Le Gouverncmïnt tch6coçlo\.aque constate que les ~)ri.tt~iitions
que le Goii\;ernement des Etats-Lynis d'.Amériquefait \.aloir. c.11
cette connexité, vis-à-vis de la Tchécoslo\.aquic sont sans 01)jc.t c5t
que la reqiiête tendant a introdiiirr ccttc affaire de\.ant la ('oiir
internationale de Jiisticc est déniieedc tout fondement. Lc.(;oii\.cr-
ncment tchécoslo\.a<luene voit pas la raison pour lacliic~llc cc. cas

delrrait être examiné par la Cour international? de liisticc., ct
considère comme non acceptable la rccliiî.tc des Etats-Cnis intro-
duisant une tellt-instance devant la C'oiirintrrnationale (Ica.jiistic11

Considérant clue, lc 7 mai r95j. copie certifié? co~iformti de
c?tte lettre a étécommiiniquée à l'agent du C;oiivernement des
Etats-L-nis d'Amérique ;

Considérant que laditc lettre du 6 mai 19 jj ne constitue delapart
du Gouvernement tchécoslo~.aque ni la (rdéclaration appro1)rii.c. 11.
ni l'acceptation de conclure un (compromis ),,

Considérant que, dans ces conditions, la Cour doit constater clu'clle
ne se trouve en présence d'aucune acceptation par le Gouverneincnt
de la République tchécoslovaque de la juridiction de la Cour pour

connaître du différend faisant l'objet de la requête dont elle a été
saisie par le Gouvernement des Etats-Vnis d1Arnériquc.. et clu'en
conséquence, elle ne peut donner suite à cette requête ;

ordonne que l'affaire soit rayée du rolc..

Fait en anglais et en français, lé texte anglais faisant foi, au
Palais de la Paix, à La Haye, le quatorze mars mil neuf cent cin-
quante-six, en trois exemplaires, dont l'un restera dépos4 aux
archives de la Cour et do?t les autres seront transmis respectivement

au Gouvernement des Etats-L:nis d'Amérique et au (;oii\.triiement
de la République tchécoslovaque.

Ide Vice-Présiclent,

Le Greffier,

(Signé) -1. LOIW OI.I\.:~\.

ICJ document subtitle

Removal from the list

Document file FR
Document Long Title

Order of 14 March 1956

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